RESEARCH
RESEARCH
May 2018
2
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted for the benefit of the community and the
people, especially the farmers who seek for cheap and easy to attain
irrigation for their plants and farmlands. The researchers decided to carry
out this study to test whether grey water or commonly known as waste water
water and tap water and test which one is a better replacement. If the
APPROVAL SHEET
The study entitled to “The Effectivity of Grey water and Tap water to the
Growth and Development of the Capsicum Annuum (Bell Pepper)” prepared
by Elijah Carl C. Aducal, Allenroy Carl G. Bagasan, Vince Aron Robert D.
Mabini, Aira Patricia G. Mah, Paula Bhreisha M. Papa, Ma. Cristy Anne F.
San Pedro, Andrew Andre Tanjar, and Hannah Jane D.C Toribio in partial
fulfilment of the requirements in Research II, is here by examined and
recommended for acceptance and approval for the oral defense exam.
Adviser
PANEL OF EXAMINERS
Elective Science
Principal
4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Ms. Bayas, Ms. Davila, Sir Espinosa, and Sir Santiago, whom in so many
ways have given them guidance and has helped all throughout the research
and took keen interest until the completion of the project. Secondly, we
would also like to thank Paula’s mother and Andrew Tanjar for their help in
taking care and growing the plant in the limited amount of time. Last but not
the least, they would like to express appreciation to each other for their
for stimulating discussions and for all those sleepless nights working on the
project making sure they will meet the deadline. They would like to
emphasize that this project will not be a success without the combined help,
above.
5
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page 1
Abstract 2
Approval Sheet 3
Acknowledgments 4
Table of Contents 5
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.4 Hypothesis 12
2.3 Synthesis 21
CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY
5.1 Summary 36
5.2 Conclusions 38
5.3 Recommendations 39
Cited References 40
Appendices
B. Budgetary Requirements 44
C. Photo Documentation 44
Curriculum Vitae 46
7
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
The researchers of this study decided to carry out this study to test
test whether grey water is more effective than tap water; if it has
Annuum).
Grey water is gently used water from bathroom sinks, showers, tubs,
and washing machines. It is not water that has come into contact with
Grey water may contain traces of dirt, food, grease, hair, and certain
its nutrients become pollutants, but to plants, they are valuable fertilizer.
Aside from the obvious benefits of saving water (and money on your
water bill), reusing grey water keeps it out of the sewer or septic system,
thereby reducing the chance that it will pollute local water bodies.
Reusing grey water for irrigation reconnects urban residents and our
Low technology and simple grey water systems are best suitable for
large plants such as trees, bushes, and shrubs since it would be more
reduced freshwater extraction from rivers and aquifers, less impact from
septic tank and treatment plant infrastructure, reduced energy use and
By law, your local water system must test municipal drinking water
and lead -- and report whether any have been found and at what levels,
page 183).
plant but before it reaches your faucet”, says Shane Snyder, Ph.D., co-
of Arizona. "Water may sit in a tank, sometimes for over a week, mixing
with the chlorine used for disinfection -- which may result in elevated
Even if your water is "legal" overall for atrazine, you could still have
the herbicide spike in tap water in spring and summer, after farmers
apply it to their fields. In a 2009 report from the NRDC, 39% of public
10
Missouri, and Nebraska -- had one-time atrazine peaks above the EPA
limit of 3 parts per billion. Yet, because spikes like these are averaged
in (or not counted), only three of the 139 water systems sampled were
Potable Tap water can have 500 PPM of various minerals. Of course,
include nasties, like lead, arsenic, and other minerals. It picks up from
the pipe between the treatment plant and your home (Williams, 2018).
Tap water is treated with many chemicals in order to kill bacteria and
bacteria, protozoa). Typical tap water may also contain chlorine, fluorine
study:
The grey water and the tap water are independent variables that are
both composed of compounds that would greatly affect the growth of the
Capsicum annuum (bell pepper plant), the dependent variable. Grey water
and fluorine compounds. These compounds have great effect on the growth
of the plant.
Is grey water more effective than tap water to the growth and
development of the bell pepper plant?
The study will answer the following:
1. What is the effect of grey water and tap water on the growth of
bell pepper plant in terms of:
a. Height
b. Number of leaves
2. What is the effect of grey water and tap water on the development
of bell pepper plant in terms of:
a. Number of fruits
12
1.4 Hypothesis
With proper treatment grey water can be put to good use. These uses
include water for laundry and toilet flushing, and also irrigation of plants.
Treated grey water can be used to irrigate both food and non-food
producing plants. The nutrients in the grey water (such as phosphorus and
effective than tap water, this discovery would help the agricultural needs of
the community. Farmers and the like wouldn't bother on getting commercial
fertilizers from urban places. Grey water may become one of the easiest
organic fertilizers to be gathered to be used for the plants. After knowing the
conserving water and wouldn't waste/throw the water used in laundry. They
may use their wastewater to fertilize their plants and wouldn't manage on
This study would like to find out whether grey water is more effective
than tap water in improving the growth and development of the bell pepper
plant only. The study covers two kinds of water such as grey water and tap
water. The study would only use two (2) mediums, namely grey water and
tap water since the study would only like to compare the effects of grey
Grey water is the clean waste water that came from baths, sinks, etc.
The study focuses on the effects of both the tap water and grey water on
the growth of plant. The study also focuses on the benefits of using grey
water for the growth of the bell pepper plant (Capsicum annuum), to test
The study will only limit the number of clothes or fabric to be used in
washing, and also the sizes and what kind of fabric and also the kind of
detergent the researcher will be using. For this study, it will only limit to the
third rinse of t-shirts washed with surf (without fabric conditioner) detergent.
The tap water, on the other hand, came from the same faucet as how the
(www.reference.com)
relatively clean waste water from the laundry such as after rinsing clothes,
etc.; the grey water to be used will be from the third rinse from the laundry
Growth of the plant. In this research study, the growth of plant covers
the height, number of leaves, the weight of the plant, number of fruits, and
Tap water. Water that comes through pipes from the public water
CHAPTER 2
This chapter contains relevant information about the topic taken from
conservation. Using grey water may have good effects but also, there are
some bad effects in using grey water to the human and environmental
health. To guarantee the safe reusing of grey water for irrigation, a risk
assessment framework is being done around the world for the consideration
of the human and public health. When it comes to single and multiple
households, there are some distinct differences in their grey water. The
should be studied to know the impurity and the type of treatment required
plant is a priority. A soil with rich nutrients that are necessary to the plant is
important. Through the soil, it can affect the growth of the plant that’s why
there are some fertilizers that are being used to enrich the nutrients that the
plants may affect the soil salinity, water eutrophication, heavy metal
included are 100% potable water, irrigating water with 100 % potable water
and the ratio in 1:1 ratio, and irrigating alternate with potable water for one
irrigation and grey water for the next. This experiment resulted in knowing
that there are no significant effects on the value of soil pH and EC. It means
that there are no difference in the development and growth of the plant
agriculture, in order to improve crop yield. Urea is the most popular and
under different doses of the fertilizers for 60 days. When compared, marked
Agricultural water needs represent the lion’s share of global water use, and
agricultural areas and contains valuable nutrients required for plant growth
(Finley, 2008).
18
Studies show that fresh grey water or waste waters have little odor,
aside from that is their color is grey and also contains dissolved oxygen.
They are mostly composed of 99.9% water and the remaining 0.1% are
different types of waste materials that are discharged into different plumbing
fixtures, they also vary when it comes to the different times in a day or in a
week. There are factors that could affect the characteristics of grey water
such as the duration of use and the amount and brand of materials to be
used.
There are several things to consider when using grey water reuse
methods such as the cost of these methods, it ranges from low cost such
as the manual bucketing of grey water to high cost such as more expensive
secondary treatment before using for a high standard irrigation that treat,
disinfect, and examine the grey water thoroughly. The choice of system or
practice to improve soil fertility and quality in the red soil regions of China.
[these were: no fertilizer (CK), rice straw return (SR), chemical fertilizer
(NPK), organic manure (OM) and green manure (GM)] on soil pH, soil
19
organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), C/N ratio and available nutrients
(AN, AP and AK) contents in the plowed layer (0–20 cm) of paddy soil from
1998 to 2009 in Jiangxi Province, southern China. Results showed that the
soil pH was the lowest with an average of 5.33 units in CK and was
in the highest SOC and TN concentrations (72.5% and 51.2% higher than
CK) and NPK treatment increased the SOC and TN contents by 22.0% and
17.8% compared with CK. The average amounts of C/N ratio ranged from
AP contents were highest in OM treatment (about 1.6 and 29.6 times of that
in the CK, respectively) and second highest in NPK treatment (about 1.2
and 20.3 times of that in the CK). Unlike AN and AP, the highest value of
efficiency, our results also suggest that annual straw returning application
could improve soil fertility in this trial region (Dai et al, 2012).
20
into the implications of grey water reuse for irrigation often focuses on
physical properties of the grey water that could potentially affect the long-
when there is potential for residents to come into direct contact with the re-
unless the crops were given proper and sufficient treatment beforehand. If
to be used frequently to the crops, knowing that the grey water is the result
after washing user detergents, soaps, water, oils, and other kitchen,
ground water, and even alter soil properties. Grey water is composed of
different levels of compounds such as oils, surfactants, salt, and boron, and
too much of these compounds might cause plant and soil deterioration.
conductivity of soils and as component that can lead to water repellent soils
21
to irrigate plants growing in soil, the fate of surfactants in grey water irrigated
("Accumulation of oil and grease in soils irrigated with grey water and their
Environment 394 (2008) pp. 68-74) suggests that oil and grease from grey
water can accumulate in soils and affect the ability of the soil to absorb
al. ("Environmental impact and health risks associated with grey water
irrigation: a case study" Water Science & Technology Vol 52, no. 8 pp. 161-
169) found evidence that: "Long term irrigation of arid loess soil with grey
water may result in accumulation of salts, surfactants and boron in the soil,
Synthesis
Rinse water can be a substitute for artificial fertilizer. Grey water from
baths, sinks and washing machines have been used for many years as a
example of this is the use of treated grey water in the Karak project in Jordan
from households on irrigated olive trees and vegetable crops was not
Novotny et al. (2010), the nutrient value of grey water is generally lower
than plants require for optimal growth, therefore certain plants might adding
required for the growth and development of the plant. Grey water,
detergents have been used for many years now as a homemade remedy
against insects and weeds. Detergents can be used to control a certain kind
of pest. The surfactants and compounds that are found in detergents are
detergents often used for irrigation or ornamental gardens since most grey
23
irrigated grey water, instead of scheme water (Misra et al., 2010; Pinto et
stop soil fertility decline. This may be accomplished through the application
The use of mineral fertilizers will not only increase grain yields of
crops, but also will be a way to increase its organic matter production. In
this process, the agronomic use of the soil is improved and degraded soils
will be rehabilitated. The use of mineral fertilizers may be an entry point for
that it will not only increase grain yields of crops, but also will be a way to
will be used as animal feed and/or added to the soil. Organic sources have
improved soil fertility and improved water holding capacity of the soil.
The saline grey water from laundry detergents can affect soil salinity.
As salts are not degraded in the soil, overloading the garden with salts
have investigated the movement of applied grey water through soil profile.
24
So we are able to conclude that the nutrients from grey water could affect
where the grey water came from. It is also becoming a common practice
since the use of grey water could provide alternative sources for agricultural
water irrigation.
25
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
height of the bell pepper plant, the number of leaves of the bell pepper plant,
and the number of fruits to determine if grey water is more effective than tap
are three pots as the plants’ container, bell pepper seeds, soil, tap water,
experimented which is the bell pepper. Both the grey water and tap water
will be applied only to the selected bell pepper plants. The research design
would be statistical design since it is concerned with how the variables are
conventional. The experiment is also about plants and some factors can
only be found in natural setting, specifically sunlight, and other needs of the
plant.
26
First, gather and prepare all the materials needed. Prepare 3 pots with
the same sizes to hold the bell pepper plants. Two of the pots will be the
experimental unit while the other one will be the control unit. Select the
soil to be used. This will be bought from Agnus Dei Garden. Remember that
the type of soil to be used is only the loamy soil. The researchers would
also prepare the artificial fertilizer to be used by buying it also from Agnus
Dei Garden. Lastly, gather grey water from the third rinse of a laundry of
different pot/plot where the bell pepper seeds will be planted. After selecting
the seeds that have sprouted successfully, carefully transfer the selected
seedlings into the three pots which would be used as the container of the
plants to be observed.
germinating the seeds. Prepare the pots to a specific location. Place the
three pots in a place where they can get enough sunlight, has the same air
temperature, and is away from other factors that may affect them.
27
Fourth, after placing the pots on their location, start performing the
experiment. The first pot would receive grey water everyday until the
experiment is done. The second pot would receive normal tap water
everyday. Both of these plants would have artificial fertilizer on the 5th day.
The third pot would only receive tap water and nothing more because it will
Fifth, to ensure the growth and development of the three bell pepper
plants, they would be observed everyday if there will be any weeds that can
steal the nutrients the bell pepper plant should be receiving. It would also
be observed if there are insects or pests that would damage the plant.
These will be done to all of the plants to make sure that no other factors
Lastly, after successfully growing the three bell pepper plants, after
bell pepper plants from the three pots will be carefully removed so they can
be measured using a meter stick, and the number of fruits would also be
counted. These data would be used to answer the question if grey water is
Plan Duration
1st week 2nd week 3rd week 4th week 5th week
Planning the
experiment
Preparing the
materials
needed
Seed
germination
Performing the
experiment
Gathering data
29
CHAPTER 4
20
15
10
0
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7
days of observation
The researchers obtained the data 1 week after the experiment using
grey water for plant A at the same rate and same location, with the same
amount of sunlight. The researchers watered the plant with grey water from
day 1 to day 7 to check whether there would be differences with the growth
of height of the plant. Figure 1 shows the growth of height of plant A, that
The researchers obtained the data 1 week after the experiment using
tap water for plant B at the same rate and same location, with the same
amount of sunlight. The researchers watered the plant with tap water from
30
day 1 to day 7 to check whether there would be differences with the growth
of height of the plant. Figure 1 shows the growth of height of plant B that
without using any treatment for plant C to see whether the experimental
groups plant A and plant B have difference when compared to the control
group at the same rate and same location, with the same amount of
sunlight. The researchers observed the growth of plant C from day 1 to day
the plant. Figure 1 shows the growth of height of plant C that was carefully
analysed and observed. As shown in the figure, plant C increased its height
after 7 days.
At the same rate and location, based from the data obtained, the
average growth rate of the added height of both Plant A every day is 3.17
cm.
At the same rate and location, based from the data obtained, the
average growth rate of the added height of both Plant B every day is 1.67
cm.
31
At the same rate and location, based from the data obtained, the
average growth rate of the added height of both Plant C every day is 1.5
cm.
Plant A which was watered with grey water, resulted with 20 cm after
7 days. Plant B which was watered with tap water, resulted with 11 cm after
7 days. Plant C which didn’t receive any treatment, resulted with 10 cm after
7 days.
Table 1: Differences Between Plant A (with grey water), Plant B (with tap water),
and Plant C (controlled)
Anova: Single Factor
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
Column 1 7 83 11.85714 51.47619
Column 2 7 37 5.285714 10.2381
Column 3 7 36 5.142857 11.14286
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 206 2 103 4.241176 0.030963 3.554557
Within Groups 437.1429 18 24.28571
Total 643.1429 20
32
water produced more average than Plant B which was watered with tap
water and Plant C that didn’t receive any treatment, having the result of
3.1667, 1.6667, and 1.5 respectively for the average, and Plant A which
was watered with grey water produced less variance than Plant B which
was watered with tap water, having the result of 1.3667 and 1.46667
respectively for the variance and Plant A which was watered with grey water
produced more variance than Plant C which didn’t receive any treatment,
having the result of 1.3667 and 0.3 respectively for the variance.
between the three (3) groups, the researchers decided to carry out the
Plant B, Plant A and Plant C, and Plant B and Plant C to see which groups
produced more mean compared to Plant B which received tap water, having
the result of 3.6667 and 1.6667 respectively for the mean, and Plant A which
received grey water produced less variance than Plant B which received tap
water, having the result of 1.3667 and 1.4667 respectively for the variance.
receive any treatment, having the result of 3.1667 and 1.5 respectively for
the mean, and 1.3667 and 0.3 respectively for the variance.
produced more mean and variance than Plant C which didn’t receive any
treatment, having the result of 1.6667 and 1.5 respectively for the mean,
and having the result of 1.3667 and 0.3 respectively for the variance.
Table 2: Difference Between Plant A (with grey water) and Plant B (with tap water)
t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Equal Variances
Plant A Plant B
Mean 3.166666667 1.666666667
Variance 1.366666667 1.466666667
Observations 6 6
Pooled Variance 1.416666667
Hypothesized Mean Difference 0
df 10
t Stat 2.182820625
P(T<=t) one-tail 0.026993719
t Critical one-tail 1.812461123
P(T<=t) two-tail 0.053987439
t Critical two-tail 2.228138852
34
Table 3: Difference Between Plant A (with grey water) and Plant C (controlled)
t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Equal Variances
Variable Variable
1 2
Mean 11.85714 5.285714
Variance 51.47619 10.57143
Observations 7 7
Pooled Variance 31.02381
Hypothesized Mean
Difference 0
df 12
t Stat 2.207223
P(T<=t) one-tail 0.023758
t Critical one-tail 1.782288
P(T<=t) two-tail 0.047517
t Critical two-tail 2.178813
Table 4: Difference Between Plant B (with tap water) and Plant C (controlled)
t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Equal Variances
Plant B Plant C
Mean 1.666666667 1.5
Variance 1.466666667 0.3
Observations 6 6
Pooled Variance 0.883333333
Hypothesized Mean Difference 0
df 10
t Stat 0.307147558
P(T<=t) one-tail 0.382515975
t Critical one-tail 1.812461123
P(T<=t) two-tail 0.76503195
t Critical two-tail 2.228138852
35
The results that were compared and obtained show that grey water
The chemicals, nutrients and bacteria found in grey water can have
short and long effects on your garden and indirectly your health. It is
important you are careful about what you add to and how you store, treat
and use. The amount of salt (sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium and
other salt compounds), oils, grease, fats, nutrients and chemicals in can
measurements of plant nutrient uptake, leaf osmotic potential and soil water
CHAPTER 5
5.1 Summary
Plant A which was watered with grey water, resulted with 20 cm after
7 days. Plant B which was watered with tap water, resulted with 11 cm after
7 days. Plant C which didn’t receive any treatment, resulted with 10 cm after
7 days.
Plant A which was watered with grey water produced more average
than Plant B which was watered with tap water and Plant C that didn’t
receive any treatment, having the result of 3.1667, 1.6667, and 1.5
respectively for the average, and Plant A which was watered with grey water
produced less variance than Plant B which was watered with tap water,
having the result of 1.3667 and 1.46667 respectively for the variance and
Plant A which was watered with grey water produced more variance than
Plant C which didn’t receive any treatment, having the result of 1.3667 and
between the three (3) groups, the researchers decided to carry out the
Plant B, Plant A and Plant C, and Plant B and Plant C to see which groups
to Plant B which received tap water, having the result of 3.6667 and 1.6667
respectively for the mean, and Plant A which received grey water produced
less mean than Plant B which received tap water, having the result of
the result of 3.1667 and 1.5 respectively for the mean, and 1.3667 and 0.3
Plant B which received tap water produced more mean and variance
than Plant C which didn’t receive any treatment, having the result of 1.6667
and 1.5 respectively for the mean, and having the result of 1.3667 and 0.3
The results that were compared and obtained show that grey water
The chemicals, nutrients and bacteria found in grey water can have
short and long effects on your garden and indirectly your health. It is
important you are careful about what you add to and how you store, treat
38
and use. The amount of salt (sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium and
other salt compounds), oils, grease, fats, nutrients and chemicals in can
measurements of plant nutrient uptake, leaf osmotic potential and soil water
5.2 Conclusions
Since |Fc = 4.2411| > C.V = 3.5546|, we reject the null hypothesis.
the two specific treatments. Therefore, grey water is more effective than tap
water for Capsicum Annuum (Bell Pepper plant). Based from the facts that
were gathered and data that were observed and analysed, it was highly due
nutrients and chemicals that became more effective compared to tap water.
These components are only found in grey water and these components are
5.3 Recommendations
hydration method.
CITED REFERENCES
https://greywateraction.org/contentabout-greywater-reuse/
All About Grey water Reuse. (n.d.) Retrieved March 18, 2017 from
https://www.metrowater.nsw.gov.au/sites/default/files/publication-
documents/Greywater_Factsheet_4_Keeping_Plants.pdf
Barnes, D. (2013, February). Grey water reuse. Retrieved May 6, 2017 from
https://greywateraction.org/contentabout-greywater-reuse/
Bosson, K. (2012, October). Using grey water. Retrieved March 18, 2017
from
https://www.rhs.org.uk/science/gardening-in-a-changing-
world/water-use-in-
gardens/using-grey-water
Giller et al. (1997, June 7). Using the grey water from your washing
https://www.choice.com.au/home-and-living/laundry-and-
cleaning/washing-machines/articles/using-greywater
41
254(3), 130-183.
Ho Wing, L., Ling, J., Si, W., Mei Po Tsui, M., Bingsheng, Z., Liping, J., & ...
254(3), 130-183.
Ludwig R. F. (2015, December 29). Using grey water for plants. Retrieved
a-changing-world/water-use-in-gardens/using-grey-water-for-plants
Markham B. T. (2014, March 22). Keeping your plants and soil healthy with
https://www.metrowater.nsw.gov.au/sites/default/files/publication-
documents/Greywater_Factsheet_4_Keeping_Plants.pdf
Rushing G. L. (2015, July 6). Plants for grey water irrigation. Retrieved
plants-and-irrigating-greywater/
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Wang et al. (2008, May 19). The benefits of grey water recycling. Retrieved
http://www.waterrhapsody.co.za/2009/09/15/the-benefits-of-
greywater-recycling/
plants-
really-want.html
https://www.quora.com/Is-tap-water-a-pure-substance-or-a-mixture-
of-substances
http://freshlysqueezedwater.org.uk/waterarticle_watercontent.php
43
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
The blue marks indicate where we planted the plants that were used for
APPENDIX B
BUDGETARY REQUIREMENTS
APPENDIX C
PHOTO DOCUMENTATION
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Solanales
Genus: Peppers
in) tall.
46
CURRICULUM VITAE
This researcher was born on February 6, 2001 in Quezon City. She is the
only child of Eduardo M. Mah and Jesusa G. Mah. She now currently lives
she currently studies in DLSUD JHS from grade 7 till this present day Grade
10.
This researcher was born on September 27, 2001 in Sta. Cruz, Laguna. The
2nd child of Portia Bagasan and Edward Darryl Bagasan. Has 3 siblings. He
47
currently lives in Blk 17 Lot 5 Bur Oak St., Oakridge Filinvest Subd.,
And now he studies in DLSUD from Grade 7 till this date Grade 10.
Andrew C. Tanjar
This researcher was born on November 11, 2000 in Beirut, Lebanon. The
youngest child of Claire Tanjar and Andre Tanjar. Has 2 siblings. He now
She is the 2nd child of Mrs. Rosie F. San Pedro and Mr. Reynaldo O. San
48
Pedro. She currently lives in Blk. 18, Lot 10, Libson St. Summerwind Village
She first entered in Dasmarinas Elementary School in her Kinder and Grade
lives in Blk 11 Lot 15 Grand Park Place, Emilio Aguinaldo highway, Imus,
Cavite.
when he was in his pre School years, then moved to Tierra Santa
Grade 10.
49
child of Elizabeth Toribio and Eddie Toribio. Has 1 sibling. She now
currently lives in Block 12 Lot 18 Tulip street, Villa Luisa Homes 2 San
elementary years. And now she currently studies in DLSUd JHS from grade
the eldest child of Hadasha Esther M. Papa and Adrian Timothy L. Papa.
Dasmarinas, Cavite.
50
preschool and elementary years. Then she entered in DLSUD JHS starting
siblings and now currently lives in Blk 6 Lot 3 Phase 2 Kapok St., Avida
from preschool until grade 1, then moved to Liceo Del Verbo Divino from
grade 4 year in Philippine Cambridge School of Law then moved to St. Jude
6. After Graduating he now moved to DLSUD JHS from grade 7 until this