ENHANCING WASTE MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY: UTILIZING RECYCLABLE

WATER BOTTLES AS AN INNOVATIVE AUTOMATIC WASTE BIN WITH

DISINFECTANT

A Study Presented to the Faculty of Senior High School Department of

Philippine Women’s College of Davao
Davao City

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Subject

Practical Research 2
STEM - Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics

BY

Berganio, John Christian I.

Doyo, Althea C.
Langcay, Allyssa Kellyn Lou L.
Ojena, Elaika Kae M.
Rejas, Achilles Scad N.

APRIL 2024
 Philippine Women’s College of Davao

University Avenue, Juna Subdivision, Matina, Davao City

Senior High School Department

APPROVAL SHEET

This research paper entitled “ENHANCING WASTE MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY:

UTILIZING RECYCLABLE WATER BOTTLES AS AN INNOVATIVE AUTOMATIC
WASTE BIN WITH DISINFECTANT” prepared and submitted Allyssa Kellyn Lou L.
Langcay, Althea C. Doyo, Elaika Kae M. Ojena, John Christian I. Berganio, and Achilles
Scad N. Rejas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject Practical Reseach
2 in Senior High School, is hereby recommended for Oral Examination.

MS. CARMILLE FAITH A. CAJIPO,

LPT
Research Teacher

Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination with the grade of _________

Mr. Peter Paul S. Sigue, LPT

Chairperson

Ms. Rosemarie S. Landero, LPT Mr. Lucas Arjan Dayle M. Barrida, LPT
Member Member

Approved and accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject Practical
Research 2 in Senior High School.

PWC OF DAVAO MS. MA. ELENA O. LICCO

Date of Oral Examination April 2024 Senior High School Principal
Acknowledgement

The researchers would like to express their heartfelt gratitude for all the

guidance, help, and encouragement of the following people:

To Ms. Carmille Faith A. Cajipo, the researcher's adviser, for her

unwavering advice, support, and compassion in dedicating her time and

knowledge, as well as offering numerous recommendations for the concept of

this study, she is greatly appreciated.

To Mr. Lucas Arjan Dayle Barida, the researchers express their heartfelt

gratitude for being our research adviser, whose invaluable contributions

significantly enriched the quality and depth of the research.

To Mr. Jomar Bernacer and Mr. Marc RB Ducut, statistician assisting the

researchers demonstrated generosity by offering time and expertise to resolve

numerical data, along with providing valuable suggestions for the study.

To Mr. Gerald Nazareno, the class adviser of Grade 12 Competence who

is always supporting the researchers and giving inspiring messages that boost

the confidence of the researchers.

To Administration, who facilitated the collection of necessary materials for

the study, is acknowledged with gratitude.

I
 To G12 Competence, who aided in the completion of this study are

gratefully acknowledged for their invaluable assistance and dedication. Their

involvement played a crucial role in achieving the study's objectives.

To Mr. Jan Rey P.Godelosao, The ICT friend guidance was invaluable

to the study's progress and success. He’s support is greatly appreciated.

To the researcher’s family, Langcay, Ojena, Rejas, Berganio and Doyo

families are deeply appreciated for their enduring love and unwavering support

across financial, physical, emotional, and spiritual realms, as well as for the

invaluable advice extended to the researchers.

The most significant contributor to this study is the Almighty Father, Lord

Jesus Christ, for His protection and guidance, the knowledge and insight He has

bestowed upon the researchers, their family, friends, and the wonderful adviser

and panel of examiners He has selected to accompany them, as well as for the

countless blessings the researchers have received.

Researchers

II
 Abstract

This study aims to assess the notable distinction between a recyclable water

bottle used in an innovative automatic trash bin and a conventional trash bin. Employing

an experimental research design, particularly through comparative analysis, the

researchers sought to delineate the differences and similarities in durability, longevity,

and utility between the two variables. Prior to conducting any comparisons, the

researchers were required to construct the trash bin using recyclable water bottles.

3
 Table of Contents

Page

TITLE PAGE i

APPROVAL SHEET ii

ACKNOWLEDGMENT iii

ABSTRACT ………….. ………v

TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………………………………………….vi

CHAPTER

I THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction

Statement of the Problem

Scope and Delimitations

Hypothesis

II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

AND STUDIES

Related Literature

Foreign Studies

Local Studies

Conceptual Framework

Significance of the Study

Definition of Terms
4
 III METHODOLOGY

Research Design

Research Setting

Research Subject

Measurements

Research Procedure

IV PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

V SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary

Findings

Conclusion

Recommendation

REFERENCES

APPENDICES

A Scale…………………………………………………………………….

B Letter of Permission

C Clearance from the Statistician

DOCUMENTATIONS

CURRICULUM VITAE

5
 Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Rationale

Waste management is a pressing concern in today's world, with the imperative

goal of minimizing waste destined for landfills and promoting responsible and

sustainable waste handling practices. This study addresses the critical need for

enhanced waste management practices and efficient waste segregation. It also seeks to

tackle challenges associated with waste disposal, recycling, and the maintenance of

cleanliness and hygiene in waste collection systems.

Global waste management confronts a multitude of challenges stemming from

increasing waste production due to population growth, insufficient infrastructure for

waste collection and disposal, environmental and health hazards resulting from

improper disposal methods, and the complexity of managing electronic waste and

plastics in recycling. Low recycling rates persist due to the lack of facilities and public

awareness, while hazardous waste management remains inadequate. Limited landfill

space and the environmental impact of waste management practices further compound

these issues. Waste management also contributes to climate change through

greenhouse gas emissions. Addressing these challenges demands investments in

infrastructure, innovative technologies, public awareness, and international cooperation

to promote sustainable waste management.

6
 In the Philippines, the volume of waste continues to grow, with persistent issues

in the nation's solid waste management system, including an increase in solid waste

volume, weak law enforcement, insufficient hygienic landfills, and improper disposal

practices. The Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000, or RA 9003, stands as

the primary approach employed in the country, emphasizing waste segregation, efficient

disposal, and diversion strategies. The importance of envisioning a Philippines free of

waste and inspiring active public participation and awareness is underscored (Coracero,

2021).

The dilemma of excess waste plagues Brgy. Davao City, where the sanitary

landfill is overflowing. In response, the Davao City Government is proposing a P 2.5

billion waste-to-energy (WTE) facility on a 10-hectare agricultural property in Biao

Escuela, Tugbok District, to address the accumulating million tons of non-biodegradable

waste since 2016. The initiative aims to convert non-biodegradable waste into

electricity, presenting itself as a "long-term" solution. However, environmental concerns

linger as the burning of plastics may exacerbate the climate crisis. This action is in

conflict with national laws such as the Clean Air Act (RA 8749), the Ecological Solid

Waste Management Act (RA 9003), and the Renewable Energy Act (RA 9513), which

defines renewable energy resources but excludes non-recyclable and non-

biodegradable waste (Cortez, 2023).

Recent studies reveal research gaps in waste management innovation, including

evaluating disinfectant system effectiveness, exploring recycled materials' technical,

7
economic, and environmental aspects, and assessing environmental impact.

Understanding public acceptance and economic feasibility of innovative bins is crucial

for successful innovation. (Kumar, 2019)

In the course of this study, numerous practical implications have surfaced,

holding immense potential to benefit the environment and society at large. Repurposing

recyclable water bottles as integral components of automatic trash bins with built-in

disinfectant systems can significantly enhance waste management practices. This

innovation offers practical implementations that address the escalating waste crisis by

making waste disposal more efficient and convenient, thereby contributing to a cleaner

environment.

The study focuses on using recyclable water bottles in automatic trash bins with

integrated disinfectant systems to revolutionize waste management. This approach

improves public health, especially in crowded areas, by enhancing sanitation and

reducing disease transmission. It also promotes environmental sustainability by

repurposing plastic waste, reducing pollution, and encouraging responsible recycling

practices. This innovative, cost-effective solution tackles global waste generation and

environmental challenges, offering a valuable contribution to waste management and

sustainability.

8
Statement of the Problem

This research aims to enhance waste disposal efficiency, promote cleanliness,

and reduce the risk of disease transmission in public spaces, ultimately contributing to

improved waste management practices and healthier living environments. Specifically, it

intends to answer the following questions:

1. What is the level of efficacy in enhancing waste management using automatic

waste bin in terms of:

1.1 Load bearing

1.2 Longevity

2. What is the level of performance of automated waste bin and traditional waste

bin in terms of its conventional usage?

2.1. Usability

2.2. Conviniency

3. Is there a significant relationship between the level of recyclable efficacy and

level of performance of recyclable innovative waste bin?

9
Hypothesis

The study was guided by the null hypothesis tested 0.05 level of significance.

H 0; there is no significant relationship between the level of recyclable efficacy and level

of performance of recyclable innovative waste bin.

Scope and Delimitations

This study aims to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing an

automatic waste bin with disinfectant capabilities in controlled environments. It will use

controlled laboratory experiments and simulated real-world scenarios to assess its

functionality and performance. However, it is essential to recognize that the study will

not address broader societal, logistical, or community-specific factors related to the

deployment and maintenance of these waste bins on a large scale.

The researchers aim to enhance the waste disposal efficiency and environmental

cleanliness. With this study by using the plastic bottles as a automatic waste bin it can

help the environment to reduce the production of plastic. The duration of this study will

be conducted in the second semester of the school year 2023-2024.

Review of Related Literature and Studies

This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of existing

methodologies, challenges, and advancements in sensor duration assessment and

10
enhancement for optimizing sensor performance for reliable data collection.

Waste Management Challenges and Innovations:

Several studies have highlighted the ongoing challenges in waste

management, including increasing waste production due to population growth,

inadequate infrastructure, and environmental and health risks from improper waste

disposal (Wilson et al., 2018; Zhang et al., 2022). These challenges have driven

innovations in waste management, such as smart waste bins and sensor-based

systems (Migliore et al., 2020). However, there is limited research on the

integration of disinfectant features and the use of recyclable materials in waste bins,

which underscores the need for this experimental study.

Education and Awareness

Southeast Asian archipelago nation is called the Philippines. Due to its big

and youthful population, growing middle class, and increasing urbanization, it has a

dynamic and quick-growing economy (World Bank , 2020). Concerns about waste

management in the Philippines include improper waste disposal, ineffective waste

collection, and a lack of disposal facilities. In addition, poor waste management may

result in health risks for locals, environmental issues like water and soil contamination,

air pollution, and flooding, as well as other socio-economic issues (Matunog & Awa

2013; Senate Economic Planning Office, 2017). (Bagui & Padua, 2019)state that it is

now crucial to educate people about proper handling of created waste through

11
information distribution. By throwing our garbage’s properly we can influence other

people especially young generation.

Recycling and Reuse of Plastic Bottles

A significant body of literature has explored recycling and repurposing of

plastic bottles. Researchers have investigated the mechanical properties of recycled

plastics (Bryden et al., 2019 )and the environmental benefits of reusing plastic

containers (Azimi et al., 2018 ). These studies provide insights into the sustainability of

using recyclable water bottles as a component in waste bins, supporting the eco-friendly

aspect of the proposed innovation. Despite efforts in Davao region to enhance and

safeguard the environment and natural resources, environmentally sound disposal

methods remain elusive. Numerous environmental management concerns persist.

Efficient waste management involves segregation, reducing waste, and recycling

recyclables. Individuals should increase awareness and creativity to find ways to reuse

and recycle items like plastic bottles and food packaging. This can greatly decrease

daily waste production, reducing pollution, environmental problems, and the spread of

diseases.

Waste Prevention

The 3R initiative, which stands for reduce, reuse, and recycle, is actively

promoted to establish a sustainable society focused on efficient resource utilization.

According to (Fewtrell et al., 2016 ) is initiative not only contributes to environmental

preservation but also stimulates economic growth. Globally, it's widely recognized that

12
3R efforts play a significant role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This has

prompted discussions on achieving sustainable resource use and fostering economic

structures that enhance resource circulation.

Health and Hygiene

In the Philippines, inadequate access to water, sanitation, and hygiene

(WASH) services is a significant public health concern. According to Fewtrell et al.,

2016 The Fit for School organization is enhancing its school-based handwashing

program by adding sanitation components. This study aimed to understand the impact

of WASH practices on childhood diarrhea and explore factors influencing defecation and

anal cleansing practices in Northern Mindanao. Quantitative analysis found no

significant effect of WASH practices on diarrhea. This study reveals that practices are

influenced by lack of clean facilities and personal habits, with water being the preferred

material for cleansing.

Preserving Ecosystem

The study explores methods to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in

Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) systems in the Philippines to combat

global climate change. It emphasizes the importance of recycling and composting

initiatives at the village level for waste diversion and managing plastic waste through

specific treatment options. The research addresses trade-offs between sorting

operations and managing incinerated waste to extend landfill life and minimize

emissions. By integrating various treatment and disposal options based on waste

13
separation and local demand for outputs, the study provides insights for sustainable

MSWM practices in the Philippines (Kristin et al, , 2022)

Conceptual Framework

This study is all about enhancing waste management efficiency: utilizing

recyclable water bottles as an innovative automatic trash bin with disinfectant to make

our life easier in terms of throwing our garbage’s.

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES DEPENDENT VARIABLES

Level of efficacy in enhancing Level of performance of
waste management using automated waste bin and
automatic waste bin traditional waste bin in terms
of its conventional usage

Figure 1. Conceptual paradigm of the study showing variables involved.

Outlined in Figure 1, this study focuses on the independent variable, which

involves repurposing recyclable water bottles into an automatic waste bin that will

determine the level of efficacy in terms of the maximum load bearing capacity and the

longevity of the substitute power supply which is the 9v battery. On the other hand, the

dependent variables are the level of performance of the automated waste bin and

traditional waste bin.

14
Significance of the Study

Students - This study may help them comprehend the significance of enhancing

waste management. It also inspires them that recyclable materials can be very

beneficial in our lives because they can be used to construct a variety of goods,

including school projects and everyday items like flowerpots and trashcans.

People - The researchers conducted this study for the country to have a bright

future. Reducing recyclable materials by creating a segregation bin and dispersing them

not only helps clean the surroundings but also helps the environment from pollution or

contamination, as this can cause viruses and diseases that is very harmful for people's

health.

Sanitation Workers - This study would be a great help to them. Especially that,

there are a bunch of people who just throw their garbage everywhere. Dispersing of

segregation bins in every place and encouraging people to throw their trash in the

correct way would help the sanitation workers to do their job easily. This study also

helps them have enough time to spend with their family;

Future Researchers. They may gain knowledge from this

study and use it to inform their own research in a similar field. They might also use this

study as a guideline for other studies they conduct in the future, with the aim of

expanding upon it and making a more substantial contribution to it.

15
Definition of Terms

Waste management. Conceptually, refers to the various schemes to manage

and dispose of wastes. It can be by discarding, destroying, processing, recycling,

reusing, or controlling wastes (Learn Biology Online). Operationally, is the act of

sanitation workers gathering and getting rid of trash or students collecting recyclable

materials for making school projects.

Automatic Bin. Conceptually, automatic bins offer convenient and hygienic

waste disposal, they are more hygienic and convenient than other types of waste bins

as you do not have to touch any part of the bin directly to dispose of rubbish. This

avoids any contamination and helps to keep your surrounding more germ-free (Taps

UK). Operationally, automatic bin works by detecting movements of a person.

Disinfectant. Conceptually, an agent (as a chemical or ultraviolet light) that

destroys, inactivates, or significantly reduces the concentration of pathogens (as

bacteria, viruses, and fungi) especially on hard surfaces and in water (Merriam Webster

Dictionary). Operationally, many people use this item to clean their hands after touching

disposable materials.

Loadbearing. Conceptually, loadbearing refers to a structure's ability to support

weight. Operationally, it is about a wall or structure bearing a load. (Merriam-Webster

Dictionary).

16
 Longevity. Conceptually, loadbearing refers to a structure's ability to support

weight. Operationally, it is about a wall or structure bearing a load. (Cambridge

Dictionary)

Usability. Conceptually, usability is how easy it is to use something.

Operationally, it's measured by how intuitive and efficient it is.(Meriam- Webster

Dictionary).

Conveniency. Conceptually, convenience is the quality of being easy or suitable.

Operationally, it refers to the straightforwardness of accessing services or processes.

(Merriam-Webster Dictionary.)

17
 CHAPTER II

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This study employs an experimental design to investigate the effectiveness of

an automatic waste bin with disinfectant, made from Recyclable Water Bottles,

compared to traditional bins in a school setting. Grounded in Campbell and Stanley's

(1963, p. 171) definition of experimental research, the study explores variables like

durability and health impact, emphasizing the unique feature of the innovative bin that

allows unrestricted handling and opening. With a focus on waste management, the

research advocates for replacing traditional bins with the recyclable water bottle-based

innovation to reduce material extraction from natural resources and align with

sustainability goals. Ultimately, the study aims to reveal disparities between waste bin

types and contribute insights to responsible waste disposal practices and environmental

conservation in educational settings.

Setting

18
 The researchers will conduct the experiment at the Philippine Women’s College

of Davao, which serve as a convenient location for them to gather data efficiently for

study.

Subject

The subject of this study will be the plastic bottle and the sensor. The plastic

bottle will be collected from the drop box of plastics where all the people used to drink

from it. It will also be displayed in a certain area and gathered in the location where the

expiration will be done to make a bin. The sensor will be bought online and will be

connected to the Arduino board that has Python coding so that the waste bin can be

monitored when it opens or closes. In short, the bin will be one of the innovative

experiments that will be created. Through a comprehensive analysis of waste disposal

efficiency, user interactions, and sanitation levels, the research seeks to provide

valuable insights into the potential of this eco-friendly and technologically enhanced

waste management solution. The findings aim to contribute to the development of more

sustainable and efficient waste management strategies, addressing contemporary

challenges in urban environments.

19
 Measurements

The researchers will acquire the data through multifaced approach, observations

and precise measurements to comprehensively study waste management in a school

setting. Within the months that is given for the testing phase experiment, actively

deploying the innovative waste bin with a disinfectant mechanism every school day from

8am to 5pm weekly assessments track the developmental trajectory, measuring key

performance indicates like waste sorting efficiency and disinfectant effectiveness.

RESEARCH PROCEDURE

I. Request approval

The researchers will seek approval to carry out the experiment in the Langcay

home, Dahlia Street, Sabroso Village, Ecoland, Davao City. Obtaining permission to

observe the test subjects. Additionally, the Research Adviser will be kept informed

about the observations made at regular intervals during the study.

II. Preparation of the Experiment

1). Procurement of recyclable plastic bottles

The researchers will gather recyclable water bottles both from the exterior

and interior of the school, distinguishing between the bottle and the cap during the

collection process.

2). Material Selection and Testing

Examine the viability of repurposing recyclable water bottles to serve as

integral components in the envisioned automatic waste bins. Assess the

20
durability, longevity of employing these materials for enduring waste management

solutions over the long term.

3.) Acquisition of specific type of sensor

The acquisition of sensor specifically ultrasonic sensor for detecting wide

variety of things. 2 ultrasonic sensors will be provided and each sensor has a 5v

battery power need.

4.) Battery as a power supply for the adruino uno and sensor

The 9v battery will be the substitute power supply for the automated waste

bin.

5.) Power Cable that has 12v

The main power supply of the innovative recyclable waste bin with the use of

the resistors it can help resist the flow of the extra energy in the power that is

only needed.

III. Identifying the different types of the plastic bottles

The researchers identify different types of plastic bottles, such as PET, HDPE,

and

PP, to achieve the desired durability for the innovative recyclable waste bin.

IV. Melting the caps of the plastic bottle

The researchers used a heat press machine with a Teflon sheet made of

polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) to prevent plastic caps from sticking. They placed the

caps on the Teflon sheet and melted them using the heat press.

21
V. Quenching the caps

To obtain the rapid cooling of the caps that is being melt, quenching it is the best

way to use to have a solid panel that will be use in assembling the recyclable waste

bin.

VI. Melting the plastic bottle

The researches used a metal container and placed the plastic bottles inside the

container where the plastic bottles starts to melts.

VII. Let the melted plastic bottles cool

The melted plastic bottles cool quickly when exposed to air.

VIII. Assembling the panels of innovative recyclable waste bin

The researchers used panels made from recycled plastic bottles, attaching them

according to size by melting the edges and quenching them to join the sides.

IX. Polishing the innovative recyclable waste bin

It is important to polish the innovative recyclable waste bin by sanding it before

painting and installing the Arduino Uno, sensor, and battery.

X. Assembling the Arduino Uno, Ultrasonic Sensor and 9v Battery

The Arduino Uno controls the automatic waste bin by processing data from the

ultrasonic sensor, which detects objects from a distance and automatically opens the

bin to receive waste. The 9V battery powers the Arduino and sensor, enabling the

system to function independently.

22
XI. Assembling the Automatic Alcohol Dispenser

The automatic alcohol dispenser in the innovative recyclable waste bin provides

users with a convenient way to sanitize their hands after disposing of waste, promoting

hygiene and cleanliness.

Schematic Diagram

23
 Figure 2. The Schematic Diagram showing the step-by-step procedures of the
whole study

As shown in Figure 2, waste bins are tested for both the amount of waste they

can carry and their level of hygiene. However, only Waste Bin A is automatic and has

disinfectant. The researchers will check the waste bins every week interval.

Chapter III

24
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter includes the presentation, analysis and data interpretation of the

recyclable water bottles as an Innovative Automatic Waste Bin with Disinfectant.

INDICATOR INTERPRETATION DESCRIPTION

1 Very Low Load Bearing Capacity If the trash bin breaks at 3000g - 6000g

2 Low Load Bearing Capacity If the trash bin breaks at 6001g- 9000g

3 Moderate Load Bearing Capacity If the trash bin breaks at 9001g - 12000g

4 High Load Bearing Capacity If the trash bin breaks at 12001g – 15000g

5 Very High Load Bearing Capacity If the trash bin breaks at 15001 – 18000g

TABLE 1. Rating for Load Bearing Capacity

This table is adaptive from (Daniel Kyne, 2021)

NO. OF LOAD BEARING CAPACITY RATING OF INTERPRETATION

TRIALS LIMIT OF THE TRASH BIN EACH TRIALS

BEFORE BREAKING

T1 11905g 3 Moderate Load Bearing Capacity

T2 13711g 4 High Load Bearing Capacity

T3 12886g 4 High Load Bearing Capacity

T4 17502g 5 Moderate Load Bearing Capacity

MEAN: 4 High Load Bearing Capacity

TABLE 2. Trials Load Bearing Capacity of Automatic Waste Bin with Disinfectant

25
 The researchers conducted 4 trials to determine the load bearing capacity of the

waste bin can handle before breaking. In each trial, the researchers added items until it

reached the weight that caused it to break. Based on the results gathered by the

researchers, the load bearing capacity of the Recyclable Plastic Bottles as an

Innovative Waste Bin with Disinfectant, at T1 it can carry 11905 grams or 11.9 kg of

weight, with rating of 3 which has moderte load bearing capacity, at T2 it can carry

13711 grams or 13.7 kg of weight, with a rating of 4 which means that it has a high load

bearing capacity, at T3 it can carry 12866 grams or 12.6 kg of weight with a rating of 4

which means high load bearing capacity and T4 it can carry 17502 grams or 17.5 kg of

weight with a rating of 4 which means that it has a high load bearing capacity.

Calculating the mean of each trial, it gives a rating of 4, which means that it has a high

load bearing capacity.

The implementation of high-tech bins significantly influenced people's inclination

towards proper trash disposal. The presence of unique designs and diverse functions. in

these bins fostered a greater community interest in disposing of trash. Their research

emphasizes the critical importance of intelligent trash bin design in not only boosting

public engagement with waste management but also in paving the way for a more

sustainable future in waste disposal practices. (Jun-Ho Huh, Choi Jaehyeon,

Kyungryong Seo, 2021)

26
TABLE 3. Rating for Longevity of the 9V Battery

INDICATOR INTERPRETATION DESCRIPTION

1 Very Low Longevity Lasts less than 24 hours

2 Low Longevity Lasts about 25-48 hours

3 Moderate Longevity Lasts about 49-72 hours

4 High Longevity Lasts about 73- 94 hours

5 Very High Longevity Lasts 95- 104 hours

Malathy, N., Kaviyaadharshani, D., & Ashifa, S. (2022). Smart trash bin level monitoring

system. International Journal of Health Sciences, 6(S3), 5799–5820.

NO. OF LONGEVITY OF THE RATING INTERPRETATION

DAYS BATTERY

D1 6 hrs and 15 mins 1 Very Low Longevity

D2 4 hours and 43 mins 1 Very Low Longevity

D3 5 hours and 23 mins 1 Very Low Longevity

MEAN: 1 Very Low Longevity

TABLE 4. Longevity of the 9V Battery Automatic Waste Bin with Disinfectant

27
 Researchers observed a waste bin's operational hours over three days and found

that the battery lifespan varied, with Day 2 showing a notably shorter duration due to a

higher volume of waste disposed. The research highlights the importance of improving

battery technology for reliable energy storage. The lifespan of grid storage batteries is

affected by their chemistry and usage. Despite their environmental impact, these

batteries can be recycled after use, and ongoing advancements are expected to

improve their longevity for sustainable energy storage

TABLE 5. Survey Questionnaires for the level of performance utilization of

automated waste bin and traditional waste bin in terms of its usability and

conviniency usage.

28
 Usability Testing Essentials (Second Edition)” Carol M. Barnum, 2021

Adapted from https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/usability-

questionnaire

29
“USE Questionnaire: Usefulness, Satisfaction, and Ease of Use.” Lund, A.M.

(2001)Garyperlman.com, 2019,

30
 Adapted from garyperlman.com/quest/quest.cgi?form=USE.

The researchers conducted a study using five survey questionnaires to assess

the usability and convenience of an automatic bin with disinfectant. The survey involved

25 respondents, who provided ratings on a Likert scale. Each questionnaire received

individual ratings from the respondents. The researchers calculated a total rating by

summing up the respondents' scores for each questionnaire, and a mean rating by

averaging these total scores. The overall mean rating for usability was found to be 4.33,

while for convenience, it was 4.216.

In conclusion, the researchers conducted four trials to test a waste bin made

from recyclable plastic bottles with disinfectant, which had a weight capacity of 17.5 kg.

The bin encouraged proper trash disposal and community interest. Battery lifespan

varied with usage, with shorter operation on Day 2 due to higher disposal rates. The

study underscores the importance of smart bin design for sustainable waste practices

and public engagement.

Environmentally friendly waste management practices and effective trash

separation can lessen harmful effects on the environment and public health. The

creation of the Smart Trash Can aims to raise public awareness and understanding of

ecologically responsible garbage management as an endeavor to promote the

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) global action plan. The purpose of the Smart

Trash Can's hand sanitizing function and organic, inorganic, and metal waste detectors

31
is to make after throwing out their trash, users are more concerned about cleanliness

(Rizki Maharani Aqilah1, Azzati Sahirah, Elfahmi Rahma Fariza, 2021).

Chapter IV

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter discusses with the summary, conclusion, and recommendation of

the study.

Summary

With this research study, the pressing need for improved waste management

practices, focusing on minimizing waste sent to landfills and promoting sustainable

handling methods. It discusses global challenges such as increased waste production,

insufficient infrastructure, and low recycling rates. The Philippines faces similar issues

with rising solid waste volumes and inadequate landfills. In Davao City, excess waste

has led to an overflowing landfill, prompting proposals for a waste-to-energy facility that

raises environmental concerns.

The study proposes innovative solutions, including using recyclable water bottles

in automatic trash bins with integrated disinfectant systems. These bins can improve

public health by enhancing sanitation and reducing disease transmission risks. This

approach aims to revolutionize waste management by offering a sustainable, cost-

32
effective solution that promotes responsible recycling practices and helps address

global waste generation challenges.

Here are the following questions to determine the loadbearing and longevity of

the battery as a part of the innovative waste bin.

1. What is the level of efficacy in enhancing waste management using

automatic waste bin and traditional waste bin in terms of the following?

1.1. Load Bearing

1.2. Longevity

2. What is the level of performance utilization of automated waste bin and

traditional waste bin in terms of its conventional usage?

2.1. Usability

2.2. Conveniency

3. Is there a significant relationship between the level of recyclable efficacy

and level of performance of recyclable innovative waste bin?

l.ASKING OF APPROVAL

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-The researchers will seek approval to conduct this experiment at the Philippine

Women's College of Davao, obtaining permission to study the product Automatic Waste

Bin with Disinfectant.

ll.ASSEMBLING OF MATERIALS FOR THE EXPERIMENT

1. Plastic Caps.

Plastic caps are the most important material in the experiment, as the product is made

of plastic caps.The researchers collect plastic caps in the surrounding, and the

researchers also buy plastic caps in junk shops.

2. Donut Maker and Teflon Sheet.

The researchers decide to melt plastic caps in Donut Maker, which will be bought

online, with the support of Teflon sheet and Blow Torch.

3. Arduino Board and Ultrasonic Sensor.

Arduino Board and Ultrasonic Sensor will be bought online, featuring Python Coding,

which allows it to sense anything, causing it to open and close.

lll. PROCESS OF MAKING AN AUTOMATIC WASTE BIN WITH DISINFECTANT

(Elaika)

lV. TRIAL TESTING AND SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE USING LIKERT SCALE

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The researchers will test the level of effectiveness and the level of performance of an

automatic waste bin.

1. Load Bearing Capacity

The trial testing of Load Bearing Capacity will be based on the number of kilograms the

Automatic Bin can hold until it breaks.The researchers will test four trials.

2. Longevity

The trial testing of longevity will be based on how long the 9-volt battery lasted.The

researchers will test three trials.

3.Usability

4.Conveniency

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