43203notice 04232019 PDF
43203notice 04232019 PDF
43203notice 04232019 PDF
Topic Covered
UNIT I
UNIT II
Steady- State Analysis of Single Phase AC Circuits: 9
AC fundamentals: Sinusoidal, square and triangular waveforms – Average and effective
values, Form and peak factors, Concept of phasor, phasor representation of sinusoidally
varying voltage and current, Analysis of series, parallel and series-parallel RLC Circuits,
Resonance in series and Parallel circuit
Three Phase AC Circuits: Three phase system-its necessity and advantages, Star and delta
connections, Balanced supply and balanced load, Line and phase voltage/current relations,
Three-phase power and its measurement
UNIT III
Measuring Instruments, Magnetic Circuit & 1 phase Transformers: 9
Types of instruments, Construction and working principles of PMMC and Moving Iron type
voltmeters & ammeters, Use of shunts and multipliers.
Magnetic circuit, concepts, analogy between electric & magnetic circuits, B-H curve,
Hysteresis and eddy current losses.
Single Phase Transformer: Principle of operation, Construction, EMF equation, Power losses,
Efficiency, Introduction to auto transformer.
UNIT IV
Electrical Machines: 9
Concept of electromechanical energy conversion DC machines: Types, EMF equation of
generators and torque equation of motor, Characteristics and applications of DC Generators
& motors
Three Phase Induction Motor: Types, Principle of operation, Torque-slip characteristics,
Applications
Single Phase Induction motor: Principle of operation and introduction to methods of starting,
applications.
Three Phase Synchronous Machines: Principle of operation of alternator, emf equation,
Principle of operation and starting of synchronous motor, their applications.
Text Books:
1.“Principles of Electrical Engineering”, V. Del Toro,; Prentice Hall International
2.“Basic Electrical Engineering”, D P Kothari, I.J. Nagarath; Tata McGraw Hill
3.“Basic Electrical Engineering”, S N Singh; Prentice Hall International
4.“Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering” B Dwivedi, A Tripathi; Wiley India
5.“Electrical and Electronics Technology”, Edward Hughes; Pearson
Topic Covered
UNIT-I
D C Circuit Analysis and Network Theorems: 9
Circuit Concepts: Concepts of network, Active and passive elements, Voltage and current
sources, Concept of linearity and linear network, Unilateral and bilateral elements, R, L and
C as linear elements, Source transformation Kirchhoff’s laws; Loop and nodal methods of
analysis; Star-delta transformation Network theorems: Superposition theorem, Thevenin’s
theorem, Norton’s theorem, Maximum Power Transfer theorem, Reciprocity theorem,
Millman’s theorem
UNIT- II
Analysis of Single Phase AC Circuits: 9
Complex quantities, the operator J, Representation of vectors, forms of expression of
complex quantities, complex expression of voltage , current and impedance, addition and
subtraction of Steady State , AC fundamentals, Sinusoidal, square and triangular waveforms,
Average and effective values, Form and peak factors, Concept of phasors, phasor
representation of sinusoidally varying voltage and current, Analysis of series, parallel and
series parallel RLC Circuits,Resonance in series and parallel circuits, bandwidth and quality
factor; Apparent, active & reactive powers, Power factor, Causes and problems of low power
factor, Concept of power factor improvement.
UNIT- III
Transient State Analysis: 9
Transient response of series RL circuit with alternating voltage source, Transient Response
Analysis of series RC circuit, Transient Response Analysis of series RLC circuit.
Non sinusoidal waves: generation of non- sinusoidal waves, Fourier analysis, constants in
Fourier series, Effective values of complex wave, power and power factor.
Need of Earthing of equipment and devices, important electrical safety issues
UNIT-IV
Three Phase AC Circuits: 9
Three phase system its necessity and advantages, Star and delta connections, Balanced supply
and balanced load, Line and phase voltage/current relations, Three phase power.
Magnetic Circuit: Magnetic circuit concepts, analogy between electric & magnetic circuits,
B-H curve, Hysteresis and eddy current losses, Mutual coupling with dot convention,
Magnetic circuit calculations,Mutual inductance coupling coefficient.
REFERENCES:
1. K. S. Suresh Kumar :Electrical Circuit Analysis . Pearson, 2013
2. Lawrence P. Huelsman ‘Basic Circuit Theory”, 3rd ed. PHI
3. T.K. Nagsakar& M.S. Sukhija ‘ Basic Electrical Engg’., OXFORD, 2nd ed
4. SamarjitGhosh, ‘Network Theory: Analysis and Synthesis’ PHI
ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT ANALYSIS LABORATORY
List of Experiments
1. Verification of Kirchhoff’s law
2. Verification of Norton’s theorem
3. Verification of Thevenin’s theorem
4. Verification of Superposition theorem
5. Verification of Series R-L-C circuit
6. Verification of Parallel R-L-C circuit
7. Study of R-L-C series resonant circuit
8. Study of R-L-C Parallel resonant circuit
Topic Covered
UNIT I
Introduction to continuous time signals and systems: 9
Basic continuous time signals, unit step, unit ramp, unit impulse and periodic signals with
their mathematical representation and characteristics. Introduction to various types of
systems.
Analogous System:
Linear mechanical elements, force-voltage and force-current analogy, modeling of
mechanical and electro-mechanical systems: Analysis of first and second order linear systems
by classical method.
UNITII
Fourier Transform Analysis: 9
Exponential form and Trigonometric form of Fourier series, Fourier symmetry, Fourier
Integral and Fourier Transform. Transform of common functions and periodic wave forms:
Applications of Fourier Transform to network analysis.
Laplace Transform Analysis :
Review of Laplace Transform , Laplace Transform of periodic functions, Initial and Final
Value Theorems, Inverse Laplace Transform , Convolution Theorem, Superposition Integral ,
Application of Laplace Transform to analysis of networks, waveform synthesis and Laplace
Transform of complex waveforms
UNIT III
State Variable Analysis: 9
Introduction, State Space representation of linear systems, Transfer Function and state
Variables , State Transition Matrix, Solution of state equations for homogeneous and non-
homogeneous systems , Applications of State-Variable technique to the analysis of linear
systems.
UNIT IV
Z-Transform Analysis : 9
Concept of Z-Transform, Z-Transform of common functions, Inverse ZTransform, Initial and
Final Value theorems , Applications to solution of difference equations, Pulse Transfer
Function
Text Books:
1. David K.Cheng; “Analysis of Linear System”, Narosa Publishing Co.
2. ME Van-Valkenberg; “ Network Analysis”, Prentice Hall of India
3. C.L.Wadhwa, “Network Analysis and Synthesis”, New Age International Publishers,2007.
4. SamarajitGhosh, “Network Theory: Analysis and Synthesis” Prentice Hall of India, 2008
Reference Books:
5. ChoudharyD.Roy, “Network & Systems”, Wiley Eastern Ltd.
6. Donald E.Scott, “Introduction to circuit Analysis” Mc. Graw Hill
7. B.P. Lathi, “Linear Systems & Signals” Oxford University Press, 2008.
8. I.J. Nagrath, S.N. Saran, R. Ranjan and S.Kumar, “Singnals and Systems, “Tata Mc. Graw
Hill, 2001.
9. Taan S. Elali&Mohd. A. Karim, “Continuous Signals and Systems with MATLAB” 2nd
Edition,CRCPress.
Topic Covered
UNIT-I
Fundamentals of Measurement Systems 9
Philosophy of measurement,methods of measurements,classification of measurement
system,functional elements of measurement, units, dimensions & standards, static
performance characteristics, errors analysis, loading effect of instrument, uncertainty in
compound quantity, histogram, deviation, dispersion, standard deviations, variance,
Gaussian's distribution curve analysis.
UNIT II
Analog Measurement of Electrical Quantities 9
Types of measuring instruments, secondary instruments, essentials components of
instruments, design of sprigs, pivot & jewels, Ammeters & Voltmeters; moving coil, moving
iron, electrodynamic, electrostatic, rectifier & thermocouple type, Measurement of power,
wattmeter, Measurement of energy, induction type energy meter, errors & remedies in
wattmeter and energy meter, frequency meters.
UNIT III
Instrument Transformers & A.C. Bridges 9
Instrument Transformer (CT &PT) and their applications in the extension of instrument
range, Different methods of measuring low, medium and high resistances, measurement of
inductance & capacitance with the help of AC Bridges.
UNIT IV
Magnetic Measurement & Digital Measurement of Electrical Quantities 9
Flux meter, determination of hysteresis loop, measurement of iron losses. Concept of digital
measurement, block diagram study of digital voltmeters (DVM), Spectrum analyzers, Wave
Analyzer and Harmonics distortion analyzer; Basic CRO circuit (Block Diagram), Cathode
ray tube (CRT) & its components , application of CRO in measurement, Lissajous Pattern.
Text Books:
1. E.W. Golding & F.C. Widdis, “Electrical Measurement &Measuring Instrument”, A.W.
Wheeler& Co. Pvt. Ltd. India.
2. A.K. Sawhney, “Electrical & Electronic Measurement & Instrument”, DhanpatRai& Sons
India .
Reference Books:
3. E.O. Decblin, “Measurement System – Application & design”, McGraw Hill.
4.Forest K. Harries,“ElectricalMeasurement”,Willey Eastern Pvt. Ltd. India .
5. M.B. Stout ,“Basic Electrical Measurement” Prentice hall of India,India.
6. W.D.Cooper,” Electronic Instrument & Measurement Technique “ Prentice Hall
International.
7. B.C. Nakra&K.Chaudhry, “Instrumentation, Measurement and Analysis”, Tata McGraw
Hill
2nd Edition.
8. J.B. Gupta, “Electrical Measurements and Measuring Instruments”, S.K. Kataria& Sons
Topic Covered
UNIT -I
Principles of Electro-mechanical Energy Conversion – 9
Introduction, Flow of Energy in Electromechanical Devices, Energy in magnetic systems,
singly Excited Systems; Doubly excited Systems; derivation of mechanical force, mechanical
energy and torque in magnetic field system, generated EMF in electrical machines
UNIT II
D.C. Machines-I- 9
Construction of DC Machines, parts of dc machine, armature winding, types of dc generators,
Emf and torque equation ,Armature Reaction, Commutation process, Inter pole and
Compensating Windings, Performance Characteristics of D.C. generators under no load and
loaded conditions.
UNITIII
D.C. Machine-II 9
DC motors, operating characteristics of D.C. motors ,back EMF and torque equation,
necessity of starters , types of starter, Speed control of D.C. motors, Field Control , armature
control and voltage control , losses, Efficiency and various Testing on D.C motors.
UNITIV
Transformer: 9
Construction& working of single phase transformer, types of transformer, equivalent circuit
models, efficiency, voltage regulation, various testing methods, Single phase auto
transformers, efficiency, merits & demerits and applications of auto transformer.
Construction & various connection diagrams of three phase transformers, phasor groups,
parallel operation of three phase transformers, harmonics in transformers, three winding
transformers.
Text Books:
1 I.J. Nagrath&D.P.Kothari,” Electrical Machines”, Tata McGraw Hill
2 Ashfaq Husain,” Electrical Machines”, DhanpatRai& Sons
3U.A Bakshi and M.V Bakshi, “Electromechanical Energy Conversion-I”, Technical
Publication Pune ,
4 B.R. Gupta &VandanaSinghal, “Fundamentals of Electrical Machines, New International.
Reference Books:
1. Irving L.Kosow, “Electric Machine and Tranformers”, Prentice Hall of India.
2. M.G. Say, “The Performance and Design of AC machines”, Pit man & Sons.
3. P.S.Bimbhra, “Electrical Machinery”, Khanna Publisher
UNIT I
Network Theorems 9
Fundamentals to Network Analysis, Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorem, Superposition
theorem, Maximum Power Transfer theorem, Millman’s theorem, Compensation theorem and
Reprocity theorem. Problems with ac and dependent sources.
UNIT II:
Two Port Networks: 9
Characterization of LTI two port networks Z, Y, ABCD and h parameters, reciprocity and
symmetry. Inter-relationships between the parameters, inter-connections of two port
networks, Ladder and Lattice networks & Π Representation.
UNIT III
Introduction to Graph Theory: 9
Graph of a Network, definitions, tree, co tree , link, basic loop and basic cut set, Incidence
matrix, cut set matrix, Tie set matrix Duality, Loop and Nodal methods of analysis.
Network Functions:
Concept of Complex frequency , Transform Impedances Network functions of one port and
two port networks, concept of poles and zeros, properties of driving point and transfer
functions, time response and stability from pole zero plot.
UNIT IV
Network Synthesis: 9
Positive real function; definition and properties; properties of LC, RC and RL driving point
functions, synthesis of LC, RC and RL driving point immittance functions using Foster and
Cauer first and second forms.
Introduction to Filters.
Text Books:
1. M.E. Van Valkenburg, “Network Analysis”, Prentice Hall of India
2. A.Chakrabarti, “Circuit Theory” DhanpatRai& Co.
3. C.L Wadhwa, “Network Analysis and Synthesis” New Age International Publishers,
2007.
4. D.RoyChoudhary, “Networks and Systems” Wiley Eastern Ltd.
5. Donald E. Scott: “An Introduction to Circuit analysis: A System Approach” McGraw Hill
Reference Books:
6. M.E. Van Valkenburg, “An Introduction to Modern Network Synthesis”, Wiley Eastern
Ltd.
7. N.C. Jagan and C. Lakshminarayana, “Network Analysis” B.S. Publications, 2008.
8. K.S. Suresh Kumar, “Electric Circuits and Networks” Pearson Education, 2009.
9. A Ramakalyan, “Linear Circuits: Analysis and Synthesis” Oxford University Press, 2005.
NETWORK ANALYSIS LAB
List of Experiments:
This subject helps student to learn the The students should be able touse and apply
Unit-I
Introduction to Microcomputer Systems and Hard ware: History of Computers,
Computer Languages, Large computers to Single-Chip-Microcomputers,Evolution of
Microprocessors, Microprocessor Architecture and Its operations, memory, Input/Output,
Interfacing Devices.
8085 Microprocessor: Pin configuration, internal architecture, control and status signals,
interrupts, bus timings, de-multiplexing of address bus, generating control signals, ALU, Flag
register.
Unit-II
Operation and Control of Microprocessor: Decoding and executing an instruction,op-code
fetch machine cycle, memory read/write machine cycles, I/O read/write machine cycles,
interrupt acknowledge machine cycle, state-transition diagram.
Instruction Set: Addressing modes; Data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branch, stack and
machine control groups of instruction set, macro RTL and micro RTL flow chart of few
typical instructions; unspecified flags and instructions.
Interrupts: Interrupt structure of 8085 microprocessor, processing of vectored and non-
vectored interrupts, latency time and response time; handling multiple interrupts.
Unit-III
Assembly Language Programming for 8085 microprocessor: Assembler directives,
simple examples; Subroutines, parameter passing to subroutines, programming techniques
with looping, counting and indexing, counter and timing delays.
Serial and Parallel Input and Output: memory mapped I/O, I/O mapped I/O, Programmed
I/O, Interrupt Driven I/O, DMA I/O.
Programmable Peripheral Interface: Intel 8255, pin configuration, internal structure of a
port bit, modes of operation, bit SET/RESET feature.
Programmable Interval Timer:Intel 8253, pin configuration, internal block diagram of
counter and modes of operation, counter read methods.
Unit-IV
16-bit Microprocessor: Architecture of Intel 8086 (Bus Interface Unit, Execution Unit),
register organization, memory addressing, memory segmentation, operating modes,
addressing modes, instruction set, hardware and software interrupts, responses and types.
MICROPROCESSORS LAB
List of Experiments:
This subject helps student to learn the The students should be able to use and apply
To become familiar with 8085 The Intel 8085 based microcomputer training
microprocessor training kit. kits/Software Simulator.
The knowledge of the 8085 microprocessor to
To be able to write Intel 8085 microprocessor
write typical assembly language programs
based assembly language program.
The programming to the peripheral devices
To become familiar with 8085 interfaced with the Intel 8085 based
microprocessor software simulator. microcomputer.
Text Books:
1. Gaonkar, Ramesh S, “Microprocessor Architecture, programming and applications with
the 8085” Pen ram International Publishing 5th Ed.
2. Uffenbeck, John, “Microcomputers and Microprocessors” PHI/ 3rd Edition.
3. Ray, A.K. &Burchandi, K.M., “Advanced Microprocessors and Peripherals: Architecture,
Programaming and Interfacing” Tata Mc. Graw Hill.
4. Krishna Kant, “Microprocessors and Microcontrollers” PHI Learning.
Reference Books:
5. Brey, Barry B. “INTEL Microprocessors” Prentice Hall (India)
6. Aditya P. Mathur, “Introduction to Microprocessor” Tata McGraw Hill
7. M. Rafiquzzaman, “Microprocessors- Theory and applications” PHI
8. B. Ram, “Advanced Microprocessor & Interfacing” Tata McGraw Hill
9. Renu Singh &B.P.Singh, “Microprocessor and Interfacing and applications” New Age
International
10. Hall D.V., “Microprocessors Interfacing” Tata McGraw Hill
11. Liu and Gibson G.A., “Microcomputer Systems: The 8086/8088 Family” Prentice Hall
(India)
Topic Covered
UNIT I
DC Machines: 9
Construction of DC Machines, Armature winding, EMF and torque equation, Armature
Reaction,Commutation, Interpoles and Compensating Windings, Performance Characteristics
of D.C. generators, Performance Characteristics of D.C. motors,Starting of D.C. motors ;
3point and 4 point starters, Speed control of D.C. motors: Field Control , armature control
and Voltage Control (Ward Lenonard method); Efficiency and Testing of D.C. machines
(Hopkinson’s and Swinburn’s Test).
UNIT II
Transformers: 9
Principle of operation, Construction, Phasor diagram, efficiency and voltage regulation of 1-
phase transformer, O.C. and S.C. tests, Sumpner’s test, polarity test. Single phase and three
phase auto transformers, volt-amp, relation, efficiency, merits & demerits and applications,
three phase to 2 phase, 6 phase or 12 phase connections, and their applications.
UNIT III
Induction Motors: 9
Constructional features of 3-phase induction motor, Rotating magnetic field, Principle of
operation, Phasor diagram, equivalent circuit, torque and power equations, Torque- slip
characteristics, no load & blocked rotor tests, efficiency, Starting, Speed Control (with and
without EMF injection in rotor circuit.) Constructional features and working of 1-phase
induction motor, Double revolving field theory, Equivalent circuit, No load and blocked rotor
tests, starting methods.
UNIT IV
Synchoronous Machines: 9
Constructional features and working of 3-phase Alternator, Armature winding, EMF
Equation, Winding coefficients, equivalent circuit and phasor diagram, Armature reaction, O.
C. & S. C. tests, Voltage Regulation using Synchronous Impedance Method, MMF Method,
Potier’s Triangle Method, Two Reaction Theory, Power flow equations of cylindrical and
salient pole machines, operating Characteristics, Starting methods of 3-phase synchronous
motor, Effect of varying field current at different loads, V- Curves.
Text Books:
1. I.J. Nagrath&D.P.Kothari,” Electrical Machines”, Tata McGraw Hill
2. Husain Ashfaq ,” Electrical Machines”, DhanpatRai& Sons
3. A.E. Fitggerald, C.KingsleyJr and Umans,”Electric Machinery” 6th Edition McGraw Hill,
International Student Edition.
4. B.R. Gupta &VandanaSinghal, “Fundamentals of Electrical Machines, New Age
International.
5. Irving L. Kosow, “Electric Machine and Tranformers”, Prentice Hall of India.
6. M.G. Say, “The Performance and Design of AC machines”, Pit man & Sons.
7. Bhag S. Guru and Huseyin R. Hizirogulu, “Electric Machinery and Transformers” Oxford
University Press, 2001.
8. P.S.Bimbhra, “Electrical Machinery”, Khanna Publisher
9. P.S. Bimbhra, “ Generalized Theory of Electrical Machines”, Khanna Publishers
Note: Minimum eight experiments are to be performed from the following list:
1. To obtain magnetization characteristics of a d.c. shunt generator
2. To obtain load characteristics of a d.c. shunt generator
3. To obtain speed control of dc shunt motor using (a) armature resistance control (b) field
control.
4. Determine V-curves and inverted V-curves of a three phase synchronous motor.
5. To obtain equivalent circuit, efficiency and voltage regulation of a single phase
transformer using O.C. and S.C. tests.
6. To obtain efficiency and voltage regulation of a single phase transformer by Sumpner’s
test
7. To study polarity and ratio test of single phase and 3-phase transformers
8. To perform no load and blocked rotor tests on a three phase squirrel cage induction motor
and determine equivalent circuit.
1. To perform no load and blocked rotor tests on a single phase induction motor and
determine equivalent circuit.
2. To perform open circuit and short circuit tests on a three phase alternator and determine
voltage regulation at full load and at unity, 0.8 lagging and leading power factors by
Synchronous Method
Determine V-curves and inverted V-curves of a three phase synchronous motor
Topic Covered
UNIT-I
Synchronous Machine I: 9
Constructional features, types and working of AC generator, EMF Equation, Armature
reaction, O. C. & S. C. tests, Voltage Regulation and calculations of voltage regulation by
different methods, Parallel Operation of synchronous generators, synchronization of ac
generators, synchronizing power, concept of Xd, and Xq.
UNIT-II
Synchronous Machine II: 9
Two Reaction Theory, Power flow equations of cylindrical and salient pole machines,
operating Characteristics, Synchronous Motor, power flow and torque equation, Effect of
varying field current at different loads, V- Curves, Hunting, damper windings, synchronous
condenser, and application of synchronous motor
UNIT-III
Three phase Induction Machine: 9
Constructional features, Rotating magnetic field, working principle, Phasor diagrams,
equivalent circuits, torque and power equations, Torque- slip characteristics, no load &
blocked rotor tests, losses, efficiency, Starting methods, various speed control techniques,
Deep bar and double cage type rotors, Cogging & Crawling effects, Induction generator,
applications.
UNIT-IV
Single phase Induction Motor: 9
Double revolving field theory, Equivalent circuits, No load and blocked rotor tests, Starting
methods, types of single phase induction motors, Repulsion motor, Universal motor, A.C.
series motor, hysteresis motor
Text Books:
1. D.P.Kothari&I.J.Nagrath, “Electric Machines”, Tata McGraw Hill
2. AshfaqHussain“Electric Machines” DhanpatRai& Company
3. Fitzerald,A.E.,Kingsley and S.D.Umans“Electric Machinery”, MC Graw Hill.
Reference Books:
4. P.S.Bimbhra, “Electrical Machinery”, Khanna Publisher
5. P.S. Bimbhra, “ Generalized Theory of Electrical Machines”, Khanna Publishers
6. M.G.Say, “Alternating Current Machines”,Pitman& Sons
Note: The minimum 8 experiments are to be performed from the following list:
1. To perform no load and blocked rotor tests on a three phase squirrel cage induction motor
and determine equivalent circuit.
2. To perform load test on a three phase induction motor and draw: Torque -speed
characteristics
3. To perform no load and blocked rotor tests on a single phase induction motor and
determine equivalent circuit parameters and efficiency.
6. To study of speed control of three phase induction motor by (i) pole changing (ii) Supply
voltage and (iii) frequency control method
7. To study speed control of three phase slip ring induction motor by rotor emf injected
method .
8. To perform open circuit and short circuit tests on a three phase alternator and determine
voltage regulation at full load and at unity, 0.8 lagging by (i) Synchronous Impedance
method and (ii) MMF method.
9. To perform V-curves and inverted V-curves of a three phase synchronous motor.
10. To determine XdandXq of a three phase salient pole synchronous machine using the slip
test and draw the power-angle characteristics.
11. To study synchronization of an alternator with the infinite bus by using: dark lamp
method (ii) twobright and one dark lamp method.
13. To study speed-torque characteristics of three phase slip ring induction motor and effects
ofadditional resistance, or capacitance in the rotor circuit.
14. To study VSI based slip power recovery scheme of three phase induction motor
15. To study performances of three phase Induction Generator.
Topic Covered
UNIT I
Power System Components: 9
Single line Diagram of Power system, Brief description of power system Elements:
Synchronous machine, transformer, transmission line, bus bar, circuit breaker and isolator
Supply System:
Different kinds of supply system and their comparison, choice of transmission voltage
Transmission Lines:
Configurations, types of conductors, resistance of line, skin effect, Kelvin’s law.Proximity
effect
UNIT II
Over Head Transmission Lines: 9
Calculation of inductance and capacitance of single phase, three phase, single circuit and
double circuit transmission lines, Representation and performance of short, medium and long
transmission lines, Ferranti effect. Surge impedance loading
EHV AC and HVDC Transmission:
Introduction to EHV AC and HVDC transmission and their comparison, use of bundle
conductors, kinds of DC links, and incorporation of HVDC into AC system
UNITIII
Corona and Interference: 9
Phenomenon of corona, corona formation, calculation of potential gradient, corona loss,
factors affecting corona, methods of reducing corona and interference. Electrostatic and
electromagnetic interference with communication lines
Overhead line Insulators:
Type of insulators and their applications, potential distribution over a string of insulators,
methods of equalizing the potential, string efficiency
Insulated cables:
Type of cables and their construction, dielectric stress, grading of cables, insulation
resistance, capacitance of single phase and three phase cables, dielectric loss, heating of
cables
UNITIV
Mechanical Design of transmission line: 9
Catenary curve, calculation of sag & tension, effects of wind and ice loading, sag template,
vibration, Dampers
Electrical Design of Transmission Line:
Design consideration of EHV transmission lines, choice of voltage, number of circuits,
conductor configuration, insulation design, selection of ground wires.
Neutral grounding:
Necessity of neutral grounding, various methods of neutral grounding, earthing transformer,
grounding practices
Text Books
1.W. D. Stevenson, “Element of Power System Analysis”, McGraw Hill,
2.C. L. Wadhwa, “Electrical Power Systems” New age international Ltd. Third Edition
3.AsfaqHussain, “'Power System”, CBS Publishers and Distributors,
4.B. R. Gupta, “Power System Analysis and Design” Third Edition, S. Chand & Co.
5.M. V. Deshpande, “Electrical Power System Design” Tata McGraw Hill.
Reference Books
6.M. V. Deshpandey, “Elements of Power System Design”, Tata McGraw Hill,
7.Soni, Gupta &Bhatnagar, “A Course in Electrical Power”, DhanpatRai& Sons,
8.S. L. Uppal, “Electric Power”, Khanna Publishers
9. S.N. Singh, “Electric Power Generation, Transmission& distribution.” PHI Learning
Topic Covered
UNITI
Control System Introduction and Mathematical Modelling: 9
Open loop & closed control; servomechanism; Mathematical modelling of physical systems;
Transfer functions, Block diagram algebra, Signal flow graph, Mason’s gain formula,
Reduction of parameter variation and effects of disturbance by using negative feedback.
UNITII
Control System Components: 9
Constructional and working principles of AC & DC servomotors, stepper motor, and
synchros, error detectors.Basic control actions: proportional (P), integral (I), derivative (D),
and PID controllers.
Concept of Stability: Stability concepts, algebraic criteria, and necessary conditions, Routh-
Hurwitz criteria and limitations.
UNITIII
Time Response analysis: 9
Standard test signals, time response of first and second order systems, time response
specifications, steady state errors and error constants.
Design specifications of second order systems: Derivative error, derivative output, integral
error and PID compensations, design considerations for higher order systems, performance
indices.Root Locus Technique: The root locus concepts, construction of root loci.
UNIT-IV
Frequency response Analysis: 9
Frequency response, correlation between time and frequency responses, polar and inverse
polar plots, Bode plots.
Stability in Frequency Domain: Nyquist stability criterion, assessment of relative stability,
gain margin and phase margin, constant M&N circles
References:
1. I. J. Nagrath and M. Gopal, “Control System Engineering”, 4th Edition, New age
International.
2. M. Gopal, “Control Systems: Principles and Design”, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 2002.
3. K. Ogata, “Modern Control Engineering”, Pearson Education, 4th Indian reprint.
4. B.C. Kuo and FaridGolnaraghi, “Automatic Control System” Wiley India Ltd, 2008.
5. D.RoyChoudhary, “Modern Control Engineering”, Prentice Hall of India.
6. Ajit K. Mandal, “Introduction to Control Engineering” New Age International, 2006.
UNITII
Transducers for Measurement of Non-Electrical Quantities 9
Introduction to resistive, inductive & capacitive transducers. Transducers for measurement of
displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, pressure, temperature, humidity, moisture, flow
and liquid level monitoring & control. Piezoelectric, Piezoresitive, Photo voltaic, Hall effect,
fiber optic and opto- electronic transducers,
UNITIII
Telemetry, Data Acquisition System, Recorders & Display Devices 9
General telemetry system, land line & radio frequency telemetering system, transmission
channels and media, receiver & transmitter, TDM &, FDM.Analog data acquisition system,
Digital data acquisition system, Modern digital data acquisition system. Display devices,
storage oscilloscope, Strip chart & X-Y recorders, magnetic tape & digital tape recorders.
UNIT-IV
Process Control 9
Principle, elements of process control system, process characteristics, ON-OFF controller,
proportional (P), integral (I), Derivative (D), PI, PD and PID control modes.Electronic,
Pneumatic & digital controllers.Role of computer instrumentation and process control.
Text Books:
1. A.K.Sawhney, “Advanced Measurements & Instrumentation”, DhanpatRai& Sons
2. B.C. Nakra&K.Chaudhry, “Instrumentation, Measurement and Analysis”, Tata McGraw
Hill
2nd Edition.
3. Curtis Johns, “Process Control Instrumentation Technology”, Prentice Hall
Reference Books:
4. E.O. Decblin, “Measurement System – Application & design”, McGraw Hill.
5. W.D. Cooper and A.P. Beltried, “Electronics Instrumentation and Measurement
Techniques”
Prentice Hall International
6. RajendraPrasad,”Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation Khanna Publisher
7. M.M.S. Anand, “Electronic Instruments and Instrumentation Technology” PHI Learning.
Topic Covered
UNIT-I
Representation of Power System Components: 9
Synchronous machines, Transformers,Transmission lines, One line diagram, Impedance and
reactance diagram, per unit System
Symmetrical components, Symmetrical & Unsymmetrical faults:
Symmetrical Components of unbalanced phasors, power in terms of symmetrical
components, sequence impedances and sequence networks. Transient in R-L series circuit,
calculation of 3-phase short circuit current and reactance of synchronous machine, internal
voltage of loaded machines under transient conditions
Analysis of single line to ground fault, line-to-line fault and Double Line to ground fault on
an unloaded generators and power system network with and without fault impedance.
Formation of Zbus using singular transformation and algorithm, computer method for short
circuit calculations
Unit-II
Load Flows: 9
Introduction, bus classifications, nodal admittance matrix ( BUS Y ), development of load
flow equations, load flow solution using Gauss Siedel and Newton-Raphson method,
approximation to N-R method, line flow equations and fast decoupled method
Unit-III
Power System Stability: 9
Stability and Stability limit, Steady state stability study, derivation of Swing equation,
transient stability studies by equal area criterion and step-by-step method. Factors affecting
steady state and transient stability and methods of improvement
Unit-IV
Traveling Waves: 9
Wave equation for uniform Transmission lines, velocity of propagation, surge impedance,
reflection and transmission of traveling waves under different line loadings. Bewlay’s lattice
diagram, protection of equipments and line against traveling waves
Text Books:
1. W.D. Stevenson, Jr. “ Elements of Power System Analysis”, McGraw Hill.
2. C.L. Wadhwa, “Electrical Power System”, New Age International.
3. Chakraborthy, Soni,Gupta&Bhatnagar, “Power System Engineering”, DhanpatRai& Co.
4. T.K Nagsarkar& M.S. Sukhija, “Power System Analysis” Oxford University Press,2007.
Reference Books:
5. L. P. Singh; “Advanced Power System Analysis & Dynamics”, New Age International
6. Hadi Sadat; “Power System Analysis”, Tata McGraw Hill.
7. D.Das, “ Electrical Power Systems” New Age International, 2006.
8. J.D. Glover, M.S. Sharma &T.J.Overbye, “Power System Analysis and Design” Thomson,
2008.
9. P.S.R. Murthy “ Power System Analysis” B.S. Publications,2007.
10. Stagg and El-Abiad, “Computer Methods in Power System Analysis” Tata McGraw Hill
11. Kothari &Nagrath, “Modern Power System Analysis” Tata Mc. Graw Hill.
Text Books:-
1. Hasdi Sadat, “Power System Analysis” Tata Mc.Graw Hill.
2. T. K. Nagsarskar& M.S. Sukhija,’ Power System Analysis’ Oxford University Press.
Topic Covered
UNIT I
Power semiconductor Devices: 9
Power semiconductor devices their symbols and static characteristics, characteristics, types of
power electronic circuits, operation, steady state & switch characteristics of power transistor
(BJT), opertation of MOSFET and IGBT, Thyristor operation, V- I characteristics, two
transistor model, methods of turn-on, operation of GTO, MCT and TRIAC. Protection of
thyristors,
UNIT II 9
UNIT III
UNIT IV
AC Voltage Controllers: 9
Principle of On-Off and phase controls Single phase ac voltage controller with resistive and
inductive loads, Three phase ac voltage controllers (various configurations and comparison
only) Single phase transformer taps changer.
DC-DC Converters: classification of chopper, Principles of step-down chopper, step down
chopper with R-L-E load, Principle of step-up chopper, and operation with RL load.
References:
1.M.H. Rashid,“Power Electronics: Circuits, Devices & Applications”, Prentice Hall of India
Ltd. 3Edition,2004.
2.M.D. Singh and K.B.Khanchandani, “Power Electronics”Tata MC Graw Hill, 2005
3. V. R. Moorthy, “Power Electronics: Devices, Circuits and Industrial Applications” Oxford
University Press,2007.
4. P. S. Bimbhra, Power Electronics,Khanna Publisher, New Delhi- 2010
5.Chakrabarti&Rai, “Fundamentals of Power Electronics &Drives”DhanpatRai& Sons
Topic Covered
UNIT I
Introduction: 9
Power and energy, sources of energy, fuels, energy stored in water, nuclear energy, wind
energy, solar energy, tidal power, thermo-electric power, Geothermal energy Load
estimation, load curves, Selection of power plant units, Power plant economics, Effect of
plant type on costs, rates
UNIT II
Steam Power Plant: 9
Classification of steam power plant, general layout of steam power plant, Power plant boilers,
Coal handling system, pulverizers and coal burners, combustion system, ash handling system,
Steam turbines, steam condensers, dust collection system, Feed water treatment, Steam
turbines, auxiliary systems, governing, reheating, Operation and maintenance of steam power
plant, Site selection of a steam power plant.
UNIT III
Hydro-Electric Power Plant: 9
General layout, site selection for hydro-electric plant, classifications of hydro-electric power
plants, hydro plant auxiliaries, Hydraulic turbines, types of turbines, performance of
hydraulic turbines, governing operation, hydro plant control, combined hydro and steam
power plants, safety measures and preventive maintenance of hydro-plant, hydro-power
development in India
UNIT IV
Diesel Power Plant: 9
General layout, Components of Diesel power plant, site selection, heat engines,
classifications of I.C engines, Performance of diesel power plant, fuel system, lubrication
system, air intake system, exhaust system, Comparative study of diesel engine and petrol
engine, merits and demerits of diesel power plants, applications of diesel power plant
References
1. “Power Plant Engineering” F.T. Morse, Affiliated East-West Press Pvt. Ltd, New
Delhi/Madras.
2. “Power Plant Engineering” Mahesh Verma, Metropolitan Book Company Pvt. Ltd. New
Delhi.
3. “Power System Engineering” R.K Rajput, Laxmi Publication Ltd. New Delhi
4. Power Plant Engineering by P.K. Nag, Tata McGraw Hill. New Delhi
Topic Covered
UNITI
Introduction to Electric Drives: 9
Electric Drives and its parts, advantages ofelectric drives, Classification of electric drives,
Speed-torque conventions and multi-quadrant operations, Constant torque and constant power
operation.Types of loadtorque components, nature and classification. Dynamics of motor-
load combination; Steady state stability of Electric Drive; Transient stability of electric Drive
,Thermal model of motor for heating and cooling, classes of motor duty, determination of
motor power rating for continuous duty, short time duty and intermittent duty. Load
equalization
UNIT II
Braking of Electrical Machines: 9
Purpose and types of electric braking, braking of dc, three phase induction and synchronous
motors, Calculation of acceleration time and energy loss during starting of dc shunt and three
phaseinduction motors, methods of reducing energy loss during starting. Energy relations
during braking, dynamics during braking.
UNITIII
Power Electronics Control of DC Drives: 9
Single phase and three phase controlled converter fed separately excited dc motor drives
(continuous conduction only), dual converter fed separately excited dc motor drive, rectifier
control of dc series motor. Supply harmonics, power factor and ripples in motor current,
Chopper control of separately excited dc motor and dc series motor.
UNITIV
Power Electronics Control of AC Drives & Special Machine: 9
Static Voltage control scheme, static frequency control scheme (VSI, CSI, and cyclo –
converter based) static rotor resistance and slip power recovery control schemes. Self
controlled scheme of synchronous motor drive, Switched Reluctance motor, Brushless dc
motor. Selection of motor for particular applications
Text Books:
1. G.K. Dubey, “Fundamentals of Electric Drives” Narosa publishing House.
2. S.K.Pillai, “A First Course on Electric Drives” New Age International.
Reference Books:
3. M.Chilkin, “Electric Drives”,Mir Publishers, Moscow.
4. Mohammed A. El-Sharkawi, “Fundamentals of Electric Drives”, Thomson Asia, Pvt. Ltd.
Singapore.
5. N.K. De and PrashantK.Sen, “Electric Drives”, Prentice Hall of India Ltd.
6. V.Subrahmanyam, “Electric Drives: Concepts and Applications”, Tata McGraw Hill.
Topic Covered
UNIT I
Protective Relaying Fundamentals & Relays 9
Introduction to protection system and its elements, Functional Characteristics of protective
relaying, Protective zones, Primary and Backup protection, desirable qualities of protective
relaying, basic terminology sealing/auxiliary relay. Electromagnetic, attracted and induction
type relays, thermal relay, gas actuated relay.
UNITII
Relay Applications/Characteristics & Static Relays: 9
Over current relays, directional relays, distance relays, differential relay. Amplitude and
phase comparators.Comparison between electromagnetic & static relays, classification and
description of static relays.
UNITIII 9
Protection of Transmission Line & Power Apparatus
Over current protection, distance protection, pilot wire protection, carrier current protection,
protection of bus bar, auto re-closing. Protection scheme for power transformers, generators
and motors.
UNITIV 9
Circuit Breaking Theories & Circuit Breakers:
Properties of arc, arc extinction theories, re-striking voltage transient, current chopping,
resistance switching, capacitive current interruption, operating modes, selection of circuit
breakers. Constructional features and operation of Air, Bulk Oil, Minimum Oil, Air Blast,
SF6, and Vacuum Circuit breakers, Ratings&Testing of Circuit Breakers.
Text Books:
1. S. S. Rao, “Switchgear and Protection”, Khanna Publishers.
2. B. Ravindranath and M. Chander, Power system Protection and Switchgear, Wiley Eastern
Ltd.
3. B.Bhalja, R.P. Maheshwari& N. G. Chothani, Protection & Switch Gear, Oxford
University Press.
Reference Books:
3. B. Ram and D. N. Vishwakarma, “Power System Protection and Switchgear”, Tata Mc.
Graw Hill
4. Y. G. Paithankar and S R Bhide, “Fundamentals of Power System Protection”, Prentice
Hall of India.
5. T.S.M Rao,“Power System Protection: Static Relays with Microprocessor Applications”
Tata Macgraw Hill”.
6. A.R. Van C. Warringtaon , “ Protective Relays- Their Theory and Practice, Vol. I & II”
Jhon Willey & Sons.
Topic Covered
UNIT-I
Introduction: 9
Overview of power system operation, Energy control center and real time computer control,
SCADA system, power system operation and control in India, system security, voltage
stability, role of information technology in energy control system, contingency analysis,
system states and transient diagrams
UNITII
Economic Operation: 9
Energy demand, demand factor, load factor, diversity factor, types of loads, Economic
operation of power system and unit commitment, Input-output characteristics of power
plants, Economy loading with and without transmission losses, Penalty factor, computerized
approach for economy load dispatch.
UNIT III
Load Frequency Control: 9
Role of system frequency in real power control, Concept of load frequency control, control
area concept, single area and multi area load frequency control scheme, steady state and
dynamic response, Automatic load frequency control for interconnected power systems,
Automatic load dispatching
UNIT IV
Voltage and Reactive Power control: 9
Schematic diagram and block diagram representation, automatic excitation control systems,
static and dynamic response, low power factor causes, improvement in power factor, concept
of real and reactive power, Shunt compensation, series compensation, Flexible AC
Transmission Systems: Concept and objectives of FACTS controllers, Working &
Characteristics of different FACTS Controllers.
Text Books:
1. D.P. Kothari & I.J. Nagrath, “Modern Power System Analysis” Tata McGraw Hill, 3rd
Edition.
2. P.S.R. Murty, “Operation and control in Power Systems” B.S. Publications.
3. N. G. Hingorani& L. Gyugyi, “Understanding FACTs” Concepts and Technology of
Flexible AC Transmission Systems”
4. J. Wood & B.F. Wollenburg, “Power Generation, Operation and Control “John Wiley
Sons.
Reference Books:
5. O.I. Elgerd, “Electric Energy System Theory” Tata McGraw Hill.
6. P. Kundur, “Power System Stability and Control McGraw Hill.
7. M.H. Rashid, “Power Electronics: Circuits, devices and Applications” Prentice Hall of
India,3rd Edition.
8.T. K. Nagsarkar&M.S.Sukhiza,’ Power System Analysis’ Oxford University Press.
UNIT II
Illumination: 9
Various definitions, Laws of illumination, requirements of good lighting, Design of indoor
lighting and outdoor lighting systems, Refrigeration systems, domestic refrigerator, water
cooler, Types of air conditioning, Window air conditioner
UNITIII
Electric Traction: 9
Types of electric traction, systems of track electrification , types of services, speed time curve
and its simplification, average and schedule speeds, Tractive effort, specific energy
consumption, mechanics of train movement, coefficient of adhesion and its influence
UNITIV
Modern Electric Traction 9
Salient features of traction drives, Series – parallel control of dc traction drives (bridge
transition) and energy saving, Power Electronic control of dc and ac traction drives, Diesel
electric traction.
Text Books:
1. H.Partab,“Art and Science of Electrical Energy” DhanpatRai& Sons.
2. G.K.Dubey,“Fundamentals of Electric Drives” Narosa Publishing House
Reference Books:
3. H. Partab, “Modern Electric Traction” DhanpatRai& Sons.
4. C.L. Wadhwa, “ Generation, Distribution and Utilization of Electrical Energy” New Age
International Publications.
Topic Covered
UNIT I
Introduction to Power Quality: 9
Terms and definitions of transients, Long Duration Voltage Variations: under Voltage, Under
Voltage and Sustained Interruptions; Short Duration Voltage Variations: interruption, Sag,
Swell; Voltage Imbalance; Notching D C offset,waveform distortion; voltage fluctuation;
power frequency variations.
UNITII
Voltage Sag: 9
Sources of voltage sag: motor starting, arc furnace, fault clearing etc; estimating voltage sag
performance and principle of its protection; solutions at end user level- Isolation
Transformer, Voltage Regulator, Static UPS, Rotary UPS, Active Series Compensator.
UNIT III
Electrical Transients: 9
Sources of Transient Over voltages- Atmospheric and switching transients- motor starting
transients, pf correction capacitor switching transients, ups switching transients, neutral
voltage swing etc; devices for over voltage protection.
Harmonics: Causes of harmonics; current and voltage harmonics: measurement of
harmonics; effects of harmonics on – Transformers, AC Motors, Capacitor Banks, Cables,
and Protection Devices, Energy Metering, Communication Lines etc. harmonic mitigation
techniques.
UNIT IV
Measurement and Solving of Power Quality Problems: 9
Power quality measurement devices- Harmonic Analyzer , Transient Disturbance Analyzer,
wiring and grounding tester, Flicker Meter, Oscilloscope, multimeter etc.
Introduction to Custom Power Devices-Network Reconfiguration devices; Load
compensation and voltage regulation using DSTATCOM; protecting sensitive loads using
DVR; Unified power Quality Conditioner.
Text Books:
1. Roger C Dugan, McGrahan, Santoso&Beaty, “Electrical Power System Quality” McGraw
Hill
2. ArinthomGhosh& Gerard Ledwich, “Power Quality Enhancement Using Custom Power
Devices” Kluwer Academic Publishers
3. C. Sankaran, “ Power Quality” CRC Press.
1. The concepts of break down in gases, solids & liquids with numerical calculation.
2. The concept of generation & measurement of high voltages & currents.
3. The concept of various high voltage testing.
Topic Covered
UNIT I
Break Down In Gases: 9
Ionization processes, Townsend’s criterion, breakdown in electronegative gases, time lags for
breakdown, streamer theory, Paschen’s law, break down in non-uniform field, breakdown in
vacuum.
Break Down In Solid & Liquid Dielectrics:
Classification of liquid dielectric, characteristic of liquid dielectric, breakdown in pure liquid
and commercial liquid.Intrinsic breakdown, electromechanical breakdown, breakdown of
solid, dielectric in practice, breakdown in composite dielectrics.
UNIT II
Generation of High Voltages and Currents: 9
Generation of high direct current voltages, generation of high alternating voltages, generation
of impulse voltages, generation of impulse currents, tripping and control of impulse
generators.
UNITIII
Measurement of High Voltages and Currents: 9
Measurement of high direct current voltages, measurement of high alternating and impulse
voltages, measurement of high direct, alternating and impulse currents, Cathode Ray
Oscillographs for impulse voltage and current measurements.
UNIT IV
Non-Destructive Testing: 9
Measurement of direct current resistively, measurement of dielectric constant and loss factor,
partial discharge measurements
High Voltage Testing:
Testing of insulators and bushings, testing of isolators and circuit breakers, testing of cables,
testing of transformers, testing of surge arresters, radio interference measurements.
Text Book:
1. M. S. Naidu and V. Kamaraju, “High Voltage Engineering, Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
Reference Books:
2. E. Kuffel and W. S. Zacngal, High Voltage Engineering”, Pergamon Press.
3. M. P. Chaurasia , “High Voltage Engineering”, Khanna Publishers
4. R. S. Jha, “High Voltage Engineering”, DhanpatRai& sons
5. C. L. Wadhwa, “High Voltage Engineering”, Wiley Eastern Ltd.
6. M. Khalifa,’ High Voltage Engineering Theory and Practice,’ Marcel Dekker.
7. Subir Ray,’ An Introduction to High Voltage Engineering’ Prentice Hall of India
Topic Covered
UNIT I
Introduction: 9
Intelligence, features characterizing intelligence, intelligent instrumentation system; features
of intelligent instrumentation; components of intelligent instrumentation system; Block
diagram of an intelligent instrumentation system.
UNIT II
Signal Processing, Manipulation and Transmission: 9
Signal amplification & attenuation (OP-AMP based); Instrumentation Amplifier (circuit
diagram, high CMRR & other features); Signal Linearization (different types such as Diode-
resistor combination, OP-AMP based, etc); Bias Removal, Signal filtering (outputs from ideal
filters, outputs from constant-k filters, matching of filter sections active analog filters); OP-
AMP based Voltage-to-current converter, Current-to-voltage conversion, Signal integration,
Voltage follower (pre-amplifier), voltage comparator Phase locked loop, Signal addition,
Signal multiplication, Signal Transmission (Signal amplification, Shielding, Current loop
transmission, Voltage-to-frequency conversion, Fiber optic transmission).
UNIT III
Smart Sensors, Interfacing Instruments & Computers: 9
Nonlinearity: took up table method, polygon interpolation, polynomial interpolation, cubic
spline interpolation, Approximation & regression; Noise & interference; Response time;
Drift; Cross-sensitivity; Basic issues of interfacing; Address decoding; Data transfer Control;
A/D converter; D/A converter, Sample & hold circuit; Other interface considerations.
UNIT IV
Recent Trends in Sensor Technologies: 9
Introduction; Film sensors (Thick film sensors, thin film sensors); Semiconductor IC
technology-standard methods; microelectro-mechanical systems (Micro-machining, some
application examples); Nano-sensons.
Text Book:
1. Barney, G.C. Intelligent Instruments. Hemel Hempstead: Prentice Hall, 1985.
2. Alan S. Morris, Principles of Measurement& instrumentation. N. Delhi; PHI Pvt. Ltd.,
1999.
Reference Book:
1. D. Patranabis, Sensors & Transducers N. Delhi: 2003.
2. Roman Kuo, Introduction to Digital Signal Processing. N. York: McGraw-Hill Pub, Co.
Topic Covered
UNITI
Signal Processing in Digital Control: 9
Basic digital control system, advantages of digital control and implementation problems,
basic discrete time signals, z-transform and inverse z-transform, modelling of sample-hold
circuit, pulse transfer function, solution of difference equation by z-transform method.
UNITII
Time Domain and Frequency Domain Analysis: 9
Steady state accuracy, transient response and frequency response specifications, digital
compensator design using frequency response plots and root locus plots.
UNIT III
State Space Analysis and Design: 9
State space representation of digital control system, conversion of state variable models to
transfer functions and vice-versa, solution of state difference equations, controllability and
observability, design of digital control system with state feedback.
UNITIV
Stability of Discrete System: 9
Stability on the z-plane and Jury stability criterion, bilinear transformation, Routh stability
criterion on rth plane.
References:
1. K. Ogata, “Discrete-Time Control System”, Pearson Education.
2. B.C. Kuo, “Digital Control System”, Saunders College Publishing.
3. M. Gopal, “Digital Control and State Variable Methods”, Tata McGraw Hill.
Topic Covered
UNITI
Basic Considerations: 9
Basic concept of design, limitations in design, standardization, modern trends in design and
manufacturing techniques, Classification of insulating materials.Heating and Cooling of
electrical machines. Transformer Design: Output equation design of core, yoke and windings,
overall dimensions, Computation of no load current, voltage regulation, efficiency and
cooling system designs
UNIT II
Design of 3-phase synchronous machines: 9
Output equation, specific electric and magnetic loadings, factors affecting size of machines,
separation of main dimensions, Stator design, losses in stator, damper winding design, rotor
design of salient pole synchronous machines, determination of OCC by design data, stator
leakage reactance, rotor design of cylindrical machines
UNIT III
Design of 3-phase induction machines: 9
Output equation, specific electric and magnetic loadings, factors affecting size of machines,
separation of main dimensions, Stator design, losses in stator, Rotor design, concept of
flattened flux density, no load current, Estimation of performance, construction of circle
diagram from design data, stator temperature rise.
UNIT IV
Computer Aided Design: 9
Philosophy of computer aided design, advantages and limitations. Computer aided design
approaches analysis, synthesis and hybrid methods. Concept of optimization and its general
procedure. Flow charts and ‘c’ based computer programs for the design of transformer, dc
machine, three phase induction and synchronous machines.
Core and armature design of dc machines, design of field system of dc machine
Text Books:
1. K. Sawhney, “A Course in Electrical Machine Design” DhanpatRai& Sons.
2. K.G. Upadhyay,“ Design of Electrical Machines” New Age International Publishers, New
Delhi.
Reference Books:
3. M.G. Say, “The Performance and Design of AC Machines” Pitman & Sons.
4. A.E. Clayton and N.N. Hancock, “The Performance and Design of D.C.Machines” Pitman
& Sons.
5. S.K. Sen, “Principle of Electrical Machine Design with Computer Programming” Oxford
and IBM Publications.
CAD LAB
1. CAD of 3-phase Synchronous Machines: Design of Core, Yoke, dimensions etc.
2. CAD of 3-phase Induction Motors: Design of main dimensions, Yoke dimensions etc.
3. CAD of Transformer: Design of Core, Yoke, dimensions etc.
Topic covered
UNIT I
Introduction: 9
Need of EHV transmission, standard transmission voltage, comparison of EHV ac & dc
transmission systems and their applications & limitations, mechanical design considerations
of transmission lines, modern trends in EHV AC and DC transmission systems
UNIT II
EHV AC Transmission: 9
Corona effects, Corona loss formulas, audible noise – generation and characteristics, corona
Pulses, generation and properties, radio interference, over voltages in EHV system caused by
switching operations, Concept of travelling waves and standing waves
UNIT III
Extra High Voltage Generation, Measurement and Testing: 9
Characteristics and generation of impulse voltage, Impulse current, generation of high AC
and DC voltages, measurement of high voltages, general lay out of EHV Labs, Standard
testing methods, EHV line insulation testing characteristics, protection of EHV lines.
UNIT IV
HVDC Transmission: 9
Types of dc links, converter station, choice of converter configuration and pulse number,
effect of source inductance on operation of converters. Principle of dc link control, converter
controls characteristics, firing angle control, excitation angle control, Converter faults,
generation of harmonics, ac and dc filters, Multi Terminal DC systems (MTDC): Types,
control, protection and applications.
Text Books :
1.R. D. Begamudre, “Extra High Voltage AC Transmission Engineering” Wiley Eastern.
2.K. R. Padiyar, “HVDC Power Transmission Systems: Technology and System Reactions”
New Age International.
3.J. Arrillaga,“ High Voltage Direct current Transmission” IFFE Power Engineering Series 6,
Peter PeregrinusLtd,London.
4.M. S. Naidu & V. Kamaraju, “High Voltage Engineering” Tata McGraw Hill.
Reference Books:
5.M. H. Rashid , “ Power Electronics : Circuits, Devices and Applications” Prentice Hall of
India.
6.S. Rao, “EHV AC and HVDC Transmission Engineering and Practice” Khanna Publisher.
7.“EPRI, Transmission Line Reference Book, 345 KV and above” Electric Power Research
Institute. Palo Alto, California, 1982.
Topic covered
UNIT I
Introduction toArchitecture of Microprocessors: 9
General definitions of mini computers, microprocessors, micro controllers and digital signal
processors.Overview of 8085 microprocessor.Overview of 8086 microprocessor.Signals and
pins of 8086 microprocessor.
Assembly language of 8086:Description of Instructions.Assembly directives. Assembly
software programs with algorithms.
UNIT II
Interfacing with 8086: 9
Interfacing with RAMs, ROMs along with the explanation of timing diagrams.Interfacing
with peripheral ICs like 8255, 8254, 8279, 8259, 8259 etc.Interfacing with key boards, LEDs,
LCDs, ADCs, and DACs etc.
Coprocessor 8087:Architecture of 8087, interfacing with 8086. Data types, instructions and
programming
UNIT III
Introduction to Micro controllers: 9
Overview of the architecture of 8051 microcontroller.Overview of the architecture of 8096,
16 bit microcontroller.
Assembly language of 8051:Description of Instructions.Assembly directives. Assembly
software programs with Algorithms.
Interfacing with 8051:Interfacing with keyboards, LEDs, 7 segment LEDs, LCDs,
Interfacing with ADCs.Interfacing with DACs, etc.
UNIT IV
High end processors: 9
Introduction to 80386, 80486 and Pentium Processors.
REFERENCES
1. Ramesh S. Gaonkar “Microprocessor Architecture, Programming, and Applications with
the 8085”, Prentice Hall PTR, 2002.
2. A.K. Ray & K. M. Bhurchandi, “Advanced microprocessors and Peripherals”, Tata
McGraw Hill.
3. James L. Antonakos, “An Introduction to the Intel family of Microprocessors” Pearson
Education 1999.
4. Barry.B.Breg,” The Intel Microprocessors Architecture , Programming and Interfacing ,
PHI,2002.
5. James L. Antonakos , “ The Pentium Microprocessor ‘’ Pearson Education , 1997.
List of Experiments:
1. Description of 8086 Pin Diagram
2. Study of 8086 Instruction Set
• 8086 Programs
3. 16-bit addition using 8086 microprocessor
4. Move contents of array
5. Sum of ‘n’ consecutive numbers
6. Conversion of BCD number to decimal
7. Separating Odd and Even numbers
8. Description of 8051 Pin Diagram
9 . Study of8051 Instruction Set
• 8051 Programs
10. Addition of 8-bit numbers using 8051
11. Subtraction of 8-bit numbers using 8051
1. The concept of control system design, state space analysis & state space control
design.
2. The concept of Non-Linear System.
Topic covered
UNIT I
Introduction to Control Design: 9
Introduction, review of conventional control design techniques, continuous-time and discrete-
time system modelling, time response analysis, and frequency response analysis; control
design problem and preliminary considerations; lead, lag and lead-lag networks, compensator
design using root locus plots and frequency response plots.
UNIT II
State Space Analysis: (9 Lectures
State variable representation, state variable model, conversion of state variable models to
transfer function and vice-versa, solution of state equations, state transition matrix,
controllability and observability.
UNIT III
State Space Control Design: 9
Design of state observer and controller.Pole-placement technique, Ackerman formula,
observer-controller design.
Stability Analysis: Continuous-time and discrete-time systems stability analysis, Lyapunov’s
stability theorems.
UNIT IV
Nonlinear System: 9
Types of nonlinearities, nonlinear systems analysis, linearization method, system analysis by
phase-plane method, describing function and their applications.
References:
1. I. J. Nagrath and M. Gopal, “Control System Engineering”, 4th Edition, New age
International.
2. K. Ogata, “Modern Control Engineering”, Pearson Education, 4th Indian reprint.
3. D.RoyChoudhary, “Modern Control Engineering”, Prentice Hall of India.
4. Ajit K. Mandal, “Introduction to Control Engineering” New Age International, 2006.
Topic covered
UNIT I
An Introduction to SCADA: 9
Purpose and necessity, general structure, data acquisition, transmission & monitoring, general
power system hierarchical Structure. Overview of the methods of data acquisition systems,
transducers, RTUs, Master terminal unit, various communication channels- cables, telephone
lines, power line, microwaves, optical fiber channels and satellites.
UNIT II
SCADA in Power System: 9
Tasks in power system operation, Operational tasks at various hierarchical levels, National
load control center, regional load control center, generating station control management,
SCADA types, Automatic generation control, SCADA in power distribution, SCADA in
power grid, distribution substation and feeder automation
UNIT III
Supervisory Power Management: 9
Energy Management system, power system operational states, security analysis, state
estimation, load forecasting, classification of load forecast, effecting factors, methods of load
forecasting, energy audit, utility distributed system design, regulation and distribution
automation, fault control management.
UNIT IV
SCADA System Components and Applications: 9
Intelligent electronic device, SCADA server, Human-Machine interface, Components of
control system, Programmable logic controllers, SCADA applications in various utilities,
SCADA applications for transmission and distribution sector, SCADA base Instrumentation,
Case studies on SCADA.
Text Books:
1. TorstenCergrell, " Power System Control Technology", Prentice Hall International.
2. George L Kusic "Computer Aided Power System Analysis",, Prentice Hall of India,
3. A. J. Wood and B. Woolenberg, "Power Generation Operation and Control", John Wiley &
Sons.
4. T.K Bisht, “ SCADA and Energy Management System” S K Kataria and sons
BEE- 59 ENERGY EFFICIENCY & CONSERVATION
Topic covered
UNIT I
Energy conservation: 9
Principles of Energy Conservation, Energy conservation Planning, Energy conservation in
small scale industries, Large scale industries and in electrical generation, transmission and
distribution.Energy conservation Legislation.
Energy Audit:-
Aim of energy Audit, Strategy of Energy Audit, Energy management Team Considerations in
implementing energy conservation Programme, Instruments for energy audit, Energy audit of
Electrical System, HVAC, Buildings, Economic analysis.
UNIT II
Demand Side Management: 9
Concept and Scope of Demand Side Management, Evolution of Demand Side Management,
DSM Strategy, Planning, Implementation and its application. Customer Acceptance & its
implementation issues. National and International Experiences with DSM. 8
UNIT III
Voltage and Reactive power in Distribution System: 9
Voltage and reactive power calculations and control: Voltage classes and nomenclature,
voltage drop calculations, Voltage control, VAR requirements and power factor, Capacitors
unit and bank rating, Protection of capacitors and switching, Controls for switched capacitors
and fields testing.
UNIT IV
Efficiency in Motors and Lighting system: 9
Load scheduling/shifting, Motor drives- motor efficiency testing, energy efficient motors, and
motor speed control. Lighting- lighting levels, efficient options, fixtures, day lighting, timers,
Energy efficient windows.UPS selection, Installation operation and maintenance. Indian
Electricity Act 1956, Distribution Code and Electricity Bill 2003
Topic covered
UNIT I
Fundamentals of Bio-Medical Instrumentation: 9
Introduction to bio-instrumentation, anatomy & physiology, basic medical instrumentation
scheme, different physiological systems of body, Problems encountered in measuring living
systems,Transducers for biomedical applications. Generation, propagation and distribution of
different bioelectric potentials (ECG, EEG, EMG etc.).Bio-potentials electrodes, electrode
theory, types of electrodes, biochemical transducers.Action& resting potentials.
UNIT II
The Cardiovascular System and Measurements: 9
The heart, electrical &mechanical activity, cardiovascular systems, Electrocardiography,
ECG lead configurations ECG recording and their types, Einthoven triangle, interferences.
measurement methods of blood flow, heart sound, Phonocardiogram, circulation block
diagram of blood pressure and measurement.
UNIT III
The Nervous & Respiratory System and its Measurements 9
The anatomy of nervous system, Neuronal communication, EPSP & IPSP, Organization of
the brain, Measurements from the nervous system, Respiratory system, Different types of
Spiro-meters, Body & skin temperature measurements.
UNIT IV
Patient Care Monitoring & Imaging Techniques: 9
Elements of intensive care, Organization of the Hospital (HIS) for patient-care monitoring,
Pace-makers-types, modes and generators, Defibrillators-types.Instrumentation for
diagnostic; X Rays, Ultrasonic, CT & MRI, biomedical computer applications. Shock hazards
from electrical equipments, methods of accident prevention.
Text Book:
1. T. Cromwell, F.J. Weibell&F.A.Pfieffer, “Biomedical Instrumentation & Measurements”
Prentice Hall International
Reference Books:
2. R.S. Khanpur, “Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation” Tata McGraw Hill
3. H.E. Thomas, “Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurement”
RestonePublishing
Company
5. J.G. Webester, “Medical Instrumentation”, Houghton Mifflin.
UNIT-II 7
Solar Thermal Energy:
Solar radiation, flat plate collectors and their materials, applications and performance,
focussing of collectors and their materials, applications and performance; solar thermal power
plants, thermal energy storage for solar heating and cooling, limitations.
Thermo-electrical and thermionic Conversions: Principle of working, performance and
limitations.
UNIT-III 7
Geothermal Energy:
Resources of geothermal energy, thermodynamics of geo-thermal energy conversion-
electrical conversion, non-electrical conversion, environmental considerations.
Magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD): Principle of working of MHD Power plant, performance
and limitations.
Fuel Cells: Principle of working of various types of fuel cells and their working,
performance and limitations.
UNIT-IV 7
Wind Energy:
Wind power and its sources, site selection, criterion, momentum theory, classification of
rotors, concentrations and augments, wind characteristics. performance and limitations of
energy conversion systems.
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC):Availability, theory and working principle,
performance and limitations.
Wave and Tidal Wave: Principle of working, performance and limitations.Waste Recycling
Plants.
Text/References Books:
Topic covered
UNIT I
Basic Electric Drives and its Dynamics 7
Electric Drives and its parts, advantages ofelectric drives, Classification of electric drives,
Speed-torque conventions and multi-quadrant operations, group drives and individual drives,
Constant torque and constant power operation. Types of load torque components, nature and
classification. Dynamics of motor-load combination; Steady state stability of Electric Drive;
Load equalization
UNIT II
Motor power rating, Braking and Calculation of Energy loss 7
Thermal model of motor for heating and cooling, classes of motor duty, determination motor
power rating for continuous duty, short time duty and intermittent duty.Purpose and types of
electric braking, braking of dc, three phase induction and synchronous motors ,Calculation of
acceleration time and energy loss during starting of dc shunt and three phaseinduction
motors.
UNIT III
Power Electronic Control of DC Drives: 7
Single phase and three phase controlled converter fed separately excited dc motor drives
(continuous conduction only), dual converter fed separately excited dc motor drive, rectifier
control of dc series motor. Chopper control of separately excited dc motor and dc series
motor.
UNIT IV
Power Electronic Control of AC Drives,Special Drives & Application of Motors 7
Three Phase induction Motor Drive: Static Voltage control scheme, static frequency control
scheme (VSI, CSI) static rotor resistance and slip power recovery control schemes. Brushless
dc motor. Selection of motor for particular applications
Text Books:
1. G.K. Dubey, “Fundamentals of Electric Drives”, Narosa publishing House.
2. S.K.Pillai, “A First Course on Electric Drives”, New Age International.
Reference Books:
3. M.Chilkin, “Electric Drives”,Mir Publishers, Moscow.
4. Mohammed A. El-Sharkawi, “Fundamentals of Electric Drives”, Thomson Asia, Pvt. Ltd.
Singapore.
5. N.K. De and PrashantK.Sen, “Electric Drives”, Prentice Hall of India Ltd.
6. V.Subrahmanyam, “Electric Drives: Concepts and Applications”, Tata McGraw Hill.