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    Electric Motor Starter

    Uploaded by

    Cuong TranHung
    Electric Motor Starters (by LB)

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Electric Motor Starter

    Uploaded by

    Cuong TranHung
    292 views16 pages
    Electric Motor Starters (by LB)

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Electric Motor Starters (by LB)

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    292 views16 pages

    Electric Motor Starter

    Uploaded by

    Cuong TranHung
    Electric Motor Starters (by LB)

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 16
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The key takeaways are about different methods for starting electric motors, their characteristics like starting torque and current, and recommendations for maritime crane applications.

    The different starting methods discussed are direct on line (DOL), star/delta, and electronic softstarter.

    DOL provides high starting torque but also high starting current. Star/delta provides moderate starting torque and current. Electronic softstarter can limit starting current but reduces starting torque disproportionately. Each method has reliability considerations as well.

    Electric Motor Starters

    Copyright Liebherr 2010


    DI THomas Klimmer

    12.04.2010
    Motor starter purpose

    SAFE START & STOP OF MOTOR:


    ¾ low inrush current

    FULL MOTOR PROTECTION:


    ¾ short circuit
    ¾ thermal overload
    ¾ undervoltage
    ¾ phase phault / imbalance

    Copyright Liebherr 2010


    ¾ thermistor

    2 Electrical Installation for Offshore Cranes


    Crane Power Transmission System
    HYDRAULIC CONCEPT:
    An electrical motor drives hydraulic pumps, which operate
    hydraulic motors or cylinders.

    ¾ LIEBHERR standard
    ¾ Reliable & safe
    ¾ Designed for the most severe maritime &
    industrial environments
    ¾ Ambient temp.-40°C to +45°C (Standard)
    -50°C to +55°C (optional)

    Copyright Liebherr 2010


    ¾ No EMC interferences
    ¾ Accepts a wide range of voltage &
    frequency fluctuations

    3 Electrical Installation for Offshore Cranes


    Electric motor starting characteristics
    During start-up of electric motor the hydraulic pumps are in neutral
    position and the electric motor is nearly unloaded.

    Due to auxiliary pumps (boost


    pressure, cooling, etc.) and the
    inertia of the main pumps which
    are continuously coupled to the
    electrical motor, a minimum
    starting torque of
    0,35 * Tnom
    is required for the electric motor.

    Copyright Liebherr 2010


    Min. required starting
    torque for safe start

    4 Electrical Installation for Offshore Cranes


    Starting Method 1: DOL (Direct on line)

    The simplest form of motor starters for induction motors is the


    Direct On Line starter.
    The starter applies full line voltage to the motor windings.
    Starting current is equivalent to Locked Rotor Current.
    Starting torque is equivalent to Locked Rotor Torque.

    + reliable, simple, robust

    Copyright Liebherr 2010


    + high starting torque
    - high starting current
    - inrush current
    5 Electrical Installation for Offshore Cranes
    Starting Method 1: DOL (Direct on line)

    Copyright Liebherr 2010


    Typical figures: Istart = approx. 6,6 * FLC
    Tstart = approx. 2,4 * FLT

    6 Electrical Installation for Offshore Cranes


    Starting Method 2: Y/D (Star/Delta)
    Star-Delta starters are reduced voltage starters which reduce
    starting current to 1/3 of the DOL starting current.
    Starting current is equivalent to 1/3 Locked Rotor Current.
    Starting torque is equivalent to 1/3 Locked Rotor Torque.

    + reliable, simple, robust

    Copyright Liebherr 2010


    + moderate starting torque
    + moderate starting current
    - inrush current
    7 Electrical Installation for Offshore Cranes
    Starting Method 2: Y/D (Star/Delta)

    Copyright Liebherr 2010


    Typical figures: Istart = approx. 6,6 / 3 = 2,2 * FLC
    Tstart = approx. 2,4 /3 = 0,8 * FLT

    8 Electrical Installation for Offshore Cranes


    Starting Method 3: Electronic Softstarter
    Electronic softstarters are reduced voltage starters.
    Principle: A low voltage during start gives a low starting current.
    Theoretically, a softstarter could limit the starting current of an electrical motor
    to any value. But to maintain a minimum starting torque of approx. 0,35 * Tnom,
    a minimum starting current of approx. 2,5 * Inom is required for safe start,
    because with an electronic soft starter, the starting torque is reduced over-
    proportionally by a square factor

    - electronics, sensitive to ambient conditions


    - sensitive to voltage & frequency fluctuations

    Copyright Liebherr 2010


    - low starting torque
    + moderate starting current
    + no inrush current

    9 Electrical Installation for Offshore Cranes


    Starting Method 3: Electronic Softstarter

    Min. required
    starting torque
    for safe start

    Copyright Liebherr 2010


    Typical figures: Istart = approx. 2,5 * FLC
    Tstart = approx. (2,5/6,6)² * 2,4 = 0,35 * FLT

    10 Electrical Installation for Offshore Cranes


    Comparison DOL – Y/D - Softstarter

    Copyright Liebherr 2010


    11 Electrical Installation for Offshore Cranes
    Comparison DOL – Y/D - Softstarter

    Copyright Liebherr 2010


    12 Electrical Installation for Offshore Cranes
    Comparison DOL – Y/D - Softstarter

    Copyright Liebherr 2010


    13 Electrical Installation for Offshore Cranes
    Summarization
    Starting torque:
    Due to aux. pumps and the inertia of the main pumps which are continuously
    coupled to the electrical motor, a minimum starting torque of 0,35 * Tnom is
    required for the electric motor.

    Starting current:
    With an electronic soft starter, the starting torque is reduced over-proportionally
    by a square factor. Therefore the minimum starting current of a soft starter cannot
    be reduced to less than typically 2,5*Inom in order to maintain sufficient starting
    torque.
    This means, that the starting current with softstarter could be even higher than
    with star-delta starter!

    Copyright Liebherr 2010


    Reliability:
    A soft starter, being an electronic component, is sensitive to ambient conditions
    and to voltage and frequency fluctuations and therefore has a higher risk to fail
    compared to Star-Delta or DOL starter.

    14 Electrical Installation for Offshore Cranes


    Summarization

    Environment:
    Considering the severe environment where a crane is working, a conventional
    soft-starter is far more reliable than an electronic softstarter. Star-delta starters
    are not affected by low or high ambient temperatures, whereas electronic soft
    starters have a higher risk to fail.

    Costs:
    A soft starter is far more expensive than a Star-Delta starter.

    Copyright Liebherr 2010


    15 Electrical Installation for Offshore Cranes
    Conclusio

    Comparing star/delta and electronic soft starter, it has to be concluded, that an


    electronic soft starter will not improve the starting characteristics of
    a cranes electric motor.
    The starting current with an electronic soft starter will not be lower than the
    starting current with a star/delta starter, it could be even higher!

    Therefore, it is strongly recommend by LIEBHERR to use a


    conventional Star-Delta starter in maritime crane applications.

    Copyright Liebherr 2010


    16 Electrical Installation for Offshore Cranes

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