240 126260252

Standard Technology
Title: THE DEAD-GRID SAFETY LOCK Unique Identifier: 240-126260252

SPECIFICATION AND MINIMUM
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR
LV CONNECTED Alternative Reference Number: <n/a>
PHOTOVOLTAIC EMBEDDED
GENERATORS
Area of Applicability: Engineering
Documentation Type: Standard
Revision: 1
Total Pages: 37
Next Review Date: April 2023
Disclosure Classification: Public
Compiled by Approved by Authorized by
Dr Hendri Geldenhuys Riaz Asmal Prince Moyo

Corporate Specialist SCOT MV LV SC Chair Power Delivery Engineering
GM
Date: Date: Date:
Supported by SCOT/SC
Riaz Asmal
SCOT/SC Chairperson
Date:2018/03/01
PCM Reference: <xxxxxx>

SCOT Study Committee Number/Name: <Number or name>
Document Classification: Public
THE DEAD-GRID SAFETY LOCK SPECIFICATION AND Unique Identifier: 240-126260252
MINIMUM SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR LV
CONNECTED PHOTOVOLTAIC EMBEDDED Revision: 1
GENERATORS Page: 2 of 37
Content
Page
Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................................ 4
1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 5
2. Supporting clauses ...................................................................................................................................... 5
2.1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................. 5
2.1.1 Purpose .................................................................................................................................. 5
2.1.2 Applicability ............................................................................................................................ 6
2.2 Normative/informative references ...................................................................................................... 6
2.2.1 Normative ............................................................................................................................... 6
2.3 Definitions ........................................................................................................................................... 6
2.3.1 General .................................................................................................................................. 6
2.4 Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................................... 7
3. Technical documentation requirement for the connection of an EG to a shared LV feeder ....................... 7
4. DGSL Type Testing and conformance assurance ...................................................................................... 8
4.1 DGSL Type Test Certificate requirements ......................................................................................... 8
4.2 ISO 9001 Certification of the DGSL manufacturer. ............................................................................ 8
Manufacturers of DGSL devices must have valid ISO 9001 certification at all times during the
design and manufacture of DGSLs. ................................................................................................... 8
4.3 DGSL Conformance Certificate .......................................................................................................... 8
4.4 Registration of DGSL models with the Eskom Technology Division .................................................. 8
5. Maintaining the integrity of the DGSL through its life .................................................................................. 8
5.1 Preservation of harware settings and firmware versions changes .................................................... 8
5.2 Tamper sealing of the DGSL .............................................................................................................. 8
5.3 Maintenance and repair of DGSL, certification and sealing ............................................................... 8
6. DGSL Requirements ................................................................................................................................... 9
6.1 DGSL components ............................................................................................................................. 9
6.2 General requirements.......................................................................................................................10
6.2.1 Load current rating and design ............................................................................................11
6.2.2 Fault current rating and design ............................................................................................11
6.2.3 Standard ratings for shared feeder DGSL ...........................................................................11
6.3 Detail specification ...........................................................................................................................11
6.3.1 Assembly housing ................................................................................................................11
6.3.2 Terminals of the DGSL ........................................................................................................11
6.3.3 Switch-disconnector (and circuit breaker where applicable) ...............................................12
6.3.4 AC arresters Specification ...................................................................................................14
6.3.5 The Functional Relay ...........................................................................................................14
6.3.6 Auxiliary components short circuit protection ......................................................................16
6.3.7 Contactor specification .........................................................................................................16
6.3.8 Residual current disconnecting (RCD) device .....................................................................17
6.3.9 Busbar and interconnection conductor requirements ..........................................................17
6.3.10 Earth Continuity Conductor dimension ................................................................................17
6.4 Labelling ...........................................................................................................................................18
6.4.1 Main identity label ................................................................................................................18
6.4.2 Generator side pigtail or terminal label ................................................................................19
ESKOM COPYRIGHT PROTECTED
When downloaded from the WEB, this document is uncontrolled and the responsibility rests with the user
to ensure it is in line with the authorized version on the WEB.
6.4.3 Grid side terminal label ........................................................................................................19

6.4.4 Isolation switch labelling ......................................................................................................19
7. Authorization ..............................................................................................................................................19
8. Revisions ...................................................................................................................................................19
9. Development team ....................................................................................................................................19
10. Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................................19
Annex A – Pro forma Type Test and Conformance Certificate for the DGSL ..................................................20
Annex B – Pro forma Conformance Certificate for the DGSL ..........................................................................25
Annex C – Minimum Safety Requirements for LV Shared Feeder Roof top PV Embedded Generators to
safeguarding the Upstream Network .........................................................................................................27
Annex D – Circuit Breaker Protective Response (Normative) ..........................................................................32
Annex E – The Dead-Grid Safety Lock primary function ..................................................................................33
Annex F – An example of the connection diagram DGSL functional relay in a three phase application.
(Normative.) ...............................................................................................................................................34
Annex G – Considerations relating to under voltage relay volt-time requirements ..........................................35
Annex H – Considerations relating to standard DGSL ratings (Informative) ....................................................36
Annex I – Probability of failure considerations (Informative) ............................................................................37
Figures
Figure 1: Dead-Grid Safety-Lock Single Phase Schematic Diagram ................................................................. 9

Figure 2: A typical embodiment of the DGSL. The salient features are the enclosure with relevant
labelling. The AC Disconnector with the ability to lock it in the off position as required by SANS
10142-1. Sealing of the enclosure. Cable trunking or conduit terminations for the grid and a
pigtail cable for the embedded generator connection ........................................................................10
Figure 3: An example of DGSL main label .......................................................................................................18
Figure C.1: Schematic layout of the essential safety requirements for a PV inverter EG installation for
upstream safe work and network protection ......................................................................................27
Figure C.2: The DGSL to the DC side arresters, maximum distance requirement ..........................................31
Figure D.1: DGSL main breaker maximum current clearing time in terms of the rated current of the
DGSL breaker ....................................................................................................................................32
Figure E.1: Functional relay single phase application schematic connection diagram ...................................33
Figure G.1: The Renewables Grid Code voltage-time requirements for embedded generators to remain
connected or have to disconnect. [Changes that will only be published in 2017 are already
reflected here.] ...................................................................................................................................35
Figure G.2: The chattering range of contactors ...............................................................................................35
Tables
Table 1: Functional Relay General requirements .............................................................................................15

Table 2: Copy of SANS 10142 6.24(a) Cross sectional area of protective conductors proportional to the
cross sectional area of the phase conductors ....................................................................................18
Table C.1: Maximum protection levels for DC arresters, for inverter system voltage ......................................29
Table I.1: Theoretical calculation of the failure probability of a DGSL .............................................................37
Executive Summary
This specification lays down the requirements for the Dead-Grid Safety Lock (DGSL). The DGSL is a device
that ensures the safety of utility staff in the presence of EG on LV feeders in concert with the normal safety
procedures for working on installations dead. When these procedures are followed in the normal way, the
DGSL will ensure that it is not possible for EG’s that accidentally become live, to be a hazard to the workers
on the network between the locked out isolation point and the Embedded Generator.
It is envisaged that the DGSL will in the future become a SANS standard.
The document also contains the minimum safety requirements for a photovoltaic driven embedded generator
connected at low voltage. (As and Eskom standard)
It is envisaged that the minimum safety requirements will be moved to the inter utility standard - NRS 097-2-1
in future revisions of the NRS document. The requirements will eventually be incorporated into SANS
10142-3 when that standard is written and approved.
1. Introduction
This standard applies to the connection of PV EG connections done by LV connected customers of Eskom.
It ensures the safety of operating staff working dead on the LV network.
2. Supporting clauses
2.1 Scope
This specification lays down the requirements for the Dead-Grid Safety Lock (DGSL). The DGSL is a device
that ensures the safety of utility staff in the presence of EG on LV feeders in concert with the normal safety
procedures for working on installations dead. When these procedures are followed in the normal way, the
DGSL will ensure that it is not possible for EG’s that accidentally become live, to be a hazard to the workers
on the network between the locked out isolation point and the Embedded Generator.
This specification is for 230V single phase and 400V three phase systems.
The schematic diagram of a single phase Dead-Grid Safety Lock ( DGSL) is shown in figure 1.
The DGSL include isolators, auxiliary circuit protection (for the relay circuit and the surge arresters as and
when required), surge arresters, protective earths, these are part of the minimum installation that will ensure
that the life critical elements retain their functions for in excess of 20 years as the minimum design life target.
The RCD is an element that is only required in the case where the EG uses transformerless inverter
technology, and the inverter does not include this function already. (It would therefore rarely be required.)
DGSL specifications for different applications such as inverter based EGs, rotating machine EG, multi- EG
networks differs. These different applications cause different environments in which the DGSL has to
operate including fault level, risk of faults and more.
The initial focus of the DGSL development will be on inverter based (PV driven) EGs on shared LV
feeders as. For this reason rated current is selected in accordance with NRS 097-2-3, as 20A / 4.6 kVA
single phase and 50A /34.5 kVA three phase.
DGSL specifications for other applications will follow and may include:
 Larger capacity units for dedicated feeder installations
 Rotating machine generators,
 Hybrid systems where the EG switches from a current to a voltage control mode.
2.1.1 Purpose
Design objective: The long term durability and reliability of the DGSL is the cornerstone objective. The
document should be the minimum requirements that ensure safety of the device over a life of at least 20
years.
Sustainability: Consideration should be given for how the device would be maintained in a sustainable way
over the life of the associated Embedded Generator. This pertains to the initial certification, periodical
inspection and failure-maintenance events.
Functions of the Dead-Grid Safety Lock:
 Provide a secure means that prevent EG’s to feed energy back into the grid, once it was declared
safe to work on. (Protecting utility staff working on a LV network with the LV dead work method,
from re-energization from the EG.)
 Safety and quality assurance through type testing and unit certification.
 Isolation point for working safely beyond this point on the installation.
 Lightning protection of both the DGSL and the inverter
 Continuity of phase, neutral and protective earth conductors.

 Residual current protection if it is required externally to the embedded generator.
 Over current and fault current protection in some cases.
2.1.2 Applicability
This document shall apply throughout Eskom Holdings Limited Divisions.
2.2 Normative/informative references

Parties using this document shall apply the most recent edition of the documents listed in the following
paragraphs.
2.2.1 Normative
[1] ISO 9001, Quality Management Systems.
[2] SANS 10142-1 the wiring of premises Part 1: Low-voltage installations.
[3] GRID CONNECTION CODE FOR RENEWABLE POWER PLANTS (RPPs) CONNECTED TO THE
ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION SYSTEM (TS) OR THE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (DS) IN SOUTH
AFRICA. (Referred to in the text as the Grid Code).
[4] NRS 097-2-1GRID INTERCONNECTION OF EMBEDDED GENERATION Part 2: Small-scale
embedded generation Section 1: Utility interface.
[5] NRS 097-2-3 GRID INTERCONNECTION OF EMBEDDED GENERATION Part 2: Small-scale
embedded generation Section 3: Simplified utility connection criteria for low-voltage connected
generators.
[6] SANS 61439-1:2012 Low voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies. Part 1 General rules.
[7] IEC 60947-2 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear Part 2: Circuit-breakers.
[8] IEC 60947-3 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear Part 3: Switches, disconnectors, switch-
disconnectors and fuser-combination units
[9] SANS 61117/IEC 61117, A method for assessing the short-circuit withstand strength of partially
type-tested assemblies (PTTA).
[10] IEC 60947-4-1:2010+A1:2012. Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear Part 4-1: Contactors and
motor-starters — Electromechanical contactors and motor-starters.
[11] IEC 60255-6:1995 Electrical relays — Part 6: Measuring relays and protection equipment.
[12] IEC 60255-1:2010 Measuring relays and protection equipment — Part 1: Common requirements.
[13] SANS 60947-2:2007/IEC 60947-2:2006, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 2: Circuit
breakers.
2.3 Definitions
2.3.1 General
Definition Description
Feed-in tariff metering This is metering for a tariff where all the energy generated by the EG is
measured separately from the energy consumed by the customer and a tariff is
applied to the energy so metered.
Definition Description
Net-billing-metering This is metering (normally a single meter) for a tariff where the net-energy at
the Point of Supply are measured. Energy consumed or energy generated
could be accumulated in separate registers and different energy rates could be
applied to generated or consumed energy.
2.4 Abbreviations
Abbreviation Description
DGSL Dead-Grid Safety Lock
AC alternating current
CB circuit-breaker
COC certificate of compliance
DB distribution board
DC direct current
EG embedded generator
FIT feed-in tariff
Isc short-circuit current
POC point of connection
PV photovoltaic
RCD residual current device
r.m.s. root mean square
SPD Surge Protection Device
ST Sjunt trip
NO Normally open
NC Normally closed
Ir
3. Technical documentation requirement for the connection of an EG to a

shared LV feeder
The following documents have to accompany the final approval application for the connection of an EG:
Document Supplied and signed off by
1 A valid* DGSL Conformance Certificate Manufacturer of the DGSL
2 EG Installation minimum safety requirements- Registered competent person

Compliance Certificate
3 LV installation COC (SANS 10142-1) Installation electrician
*Valid: Here mean a DGSL model and rating for which the Manufacturer of the DGSL has registered the
DGSL model and rating with Eskom’s Grid Access Department via the appropriate process, and Eskom have
accepted the validity of the documentation. (The DGSL Conformance Certificate contains a direct reference
to the DGSL Type Test Certificate.)
4. DGSL Type Testing and conformance assurance

A separate type test is required for each model and rating of DGSL to be registered with Eskom Grid Access
Unit. Quality assurance of the DGSL has to be managed via the ISO 9001 process.
4.1 DGSL Type Test Certificate requirements

The minimum requirements for the type test and type test certificate is attached as appendix B in the from of
a pro forma type test certificate.
4.2 ISO 9001 Certification of the DGSL manufacturer.

Manufacturers of DGSL devices must have valid ISO 9001 certification at all times during the design and
manufacture of DGSLs.
4.3 DGSL Conformance Certificate

The minimum requirements for the conformance certificate is attached in appendix B in the form of a pro
forma conformance certificate.
4.4 Registration of DGSL models with the Eskom Technology Division

Manufacturers/ suppliers of DGSLs must register their products with the Eskom Technology DIvision for
recognition in Eskom’s approval of EG connection process. The relevant sttandards, forms and contact
information is to be hosted on the Eskom Grid Access Unit’s public webpage.
The following documentation needs to be lodged with the ETD
 A copy of the valid ISO 9001
 A copy of the complete type test of the DGSL model presented for listing
Eskom retains the right to examine the validity of the lodged documentation before listing will occur.
Manufacturers will be notified when a DGSL model has been accepted for listing.
A list of accepted DGSL models is to be kept by Eskom Grid Access Unit and made available on request by
interested parties as well as on the GAU webpage.
5. Maintaining the integrity of the DGSL through its life

5.1 Preservation of harware settings and firmware versions changes
It should not be possible to change any harware settings or firmware version changes or software settings of
a DGSL without detectable forced access/ break-in. DGSL designers/manufacturers has to apply adequite
measures to ensure this requirement.
5.2 Tamper sealing of the DGSL

The DGSL enclosure has to be sealed to protect the validity of the Conformance Certificate. (Ie disallow
modification of the device after it has left the posession of the Certification body.)
5.3 Maintenance and repair of DGSL, certification and sealing

Only the OEM can do repairs on a DGSL and reissue the required certification for the unit.
6. DGSL Requirements
Figure 1: Dead-Grid Safety-Lock Single Phase Schematic Diagram
6.1 DGSL components

The DGSL comprise of the following components:
 IP 65 rated enclosure in accordance to SANS 60529
 A cable termination for the supply side connection.
 A pigtail connection cable or a termination point for the Embedded Generator side.
 An switched-isolator. [Overcurrent breaking capability may be required in some cases.]
 A lockable operating device to externally switch the switched-isolator and lock it in the open
position.
 Surge arresters
 RCD Type B if it is required by NRS 097-2-1 for the particular Embedded Generator.
 Functional relay (under voltage)
 Two identical contactors
 Protection for the auxiliary circuits (functional relay and surge arresters) as and when it is required.
This will be more relevant in cases with high fault levels at the point of installation which is not
covered by the DGSL switched-isolator-overcurrent breaker. Such proteciton is not shown in
Figure 1 but is is reflected in the drawing in Appendix D for three phase versions of the DGSL.
Figure 2: A typical embodiment of the DGSL. The salient features are the enclosure with relevant
labelling. The AC Disconnector with the ability to lock it in the off position as required by SANS
10142-1. Sealing of the enclosure. Cable trunking or conduit terminations for the grid and a pigtail
cable for the embedded generator connection
6.2 General requirements

Nominal voltage of the system is 230V / 400V.
Rated Voltage Un = 252 V single phase or 440V three phase
Rated insulation voltage ( Ui) = 8
Rated impuls withstand votlage, Uimp = 6 kV
Ambient temperature - 10 to + 40 degrees celcius
Operating temeperature:
 may not exeec individual component ratings
 Top of the enclosure may not exceed 60 degrees celcius.
 No current carrying conductor may exceed 70 degrees celcius at their terminals or elsewhere.
Rated for indoor or outdoor application, mounted away from direct sunlight.
Altitude up to 2000m
Rated frequency is Fr = 50Hz.
6.2.1 Load current rating and design

Where the design criteria for load current are not given in this document, the load current design of the
DGSL has to be done in accordance with SANS/IEC 61439-1.
6.2.2 Fault current rating and design

Where the fault current design criteria are not given in this document, the fault current design of the DGSL
has to be done in accordance with SANS/IEC 61439-1.
6.2.3 Standard ratings for shared feeder DGSL
Ir Vr Isc VA
10A single phase 10A 230V 5 kA 2.3 kVA
10A three phase 10A 230V 5 kA 6.9 kVA
20A single phase 20A 230V 5 kA 4.6 kVA
6.3 Detail specification

6.3.1 Assembly housing
 IP 65
 Painted metal or sutably rated plastic enclosure suitable to last 20 years
 The switch disconnector must have a mechanism that allows operating, locking and tagging from
outside of the DGSL enclosure of the disconnection function.
 Assembly housing temperature rise:
The maximum steady state temperature rise (of air) inside the enclosure may not exceed 20 degrees celcius
at the rated current of the DGSL. One hour continous operation at rated current is deembed to be steady
state.
The test is to be done at both Vnominal + 10% and Vnominal – 10%.
The temperature rise determination is to be done through SANS/IEC 61439-1. (SANS 60890 is a very useful
design aid).
6.3.2 Terminals of the DGSL

6.3.2.1 Grid side connection terminal
A termination point should be provided; in compliance of SANS 10142-1 and its associated standards for
cable terminations and/or other means such as trunking and conduit.
2
The terminals should at least provide for standard cable size termination equal or greater than 3A/mm (up to
2
Ir ≤100A) and 2A/mm (above Ir >100A) at the rated current of the DGSL (Ir).
6.3.2.2 EG side pig tail cable for connection to the inverter
The EG side connection should preferably be a 800mm long pig tail for connection directly into the EG
terninals. The current carrying conductors should be copper and the cross section should be such that it
2 2
does not exceed 3A/mm (up to Ir ≤100A) and 2A/mm (above Ir >100A) at the rated current of the DGSL
(Ir).
Alternativly a connection similar to 5.2.1 can be provided.
6.3.3 Switch-disconnector (and circuit breaker where applicable)

The switch-disconnector / point of control is dependent on the tariff applicable to the installation:
6.3.3.1 Switched-disconnectors for net-billing installation
(At the time of writing this document it is anticipated that net-billing will apply to most Eskom customer
installations.)
For net-billing installations, only switch-disconnection functionality is required.
This switched-disconnector fulfils the functions as required by SANS 10142-1 clause 6.9.3 Disconnecting
devices for equipment.
Product standard: IEC 60947-3 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear Part 3: Switches, disconnectors,
switch-disconnectors and fuser-combination units.
It has to be lockable and it should be possible to attach safety tags to it as part of the construction of the
DGSL housing.
Rating of the switch-disconnector:
Rated operational voltage (Ue) > 415V
Rated insulation voltage (Ui) >= 690V
Rated impulse withstand voltage (Uimp) >= 6 kV
Rated AC-21 operational current (Ie) Must be larger than the rated current of the DGSDL.
Rated making capacity > 3x Must be larger than the rated current of the DGSDL
Rated breaking capacity > 3x Must be larger than the rated current of the DGSDL
[Note: The DGSL for net-billing instllations does not require fault protection, the fault protection function will be resident on the
upstream distribution board.]
The switched-disconnector have to be compliant to the requirements of SANS 10142-1 6.8.1 (Circuit
breakers used as main or local switch-disconnectors) read along with clause 3.79.2 pertaining to the
applicable standards for “circuit-breakers used as switched-disconnectors.
Switched-disconnectors for Feed-in-tariff installations

Feed-in-tariff connections are to be fed from a dedicated point of supply: It has it’s own utility meter, point of
supply and point of control.
[Where the same customer want to feed load from the utility supply, a seperate point of supply, meter and
point of control are required.]
Typical FIT connection may have the DGSL as the only distribution board feeding the EG directly.
In this case the DGSL must fullfill all of the following functions:
 SANS 10142-1 clause 5.3.7 and 6.6.1.1. The installation’s point of control and the DB’s switch-
disconnector.
 SANS 10142-1 clause 5.3.5 a) overload current and short circuit protection.
 SANS 10142-1 clause 6.9.3 Disconnecting device for equipment, the generator installation.
Switch-disconnector requirements as per clause 6.3.3.1.
Circuit breaker requirements:
Product standdards: SANS 60947-2 and VC 8036 where applicable.
Rated short circuit breaking capacity: As per the DGSL declared rating.
The circuit breaker shall have a fault clearing time equal or faster than the curve in appendix C.
Note: The above curve aligns with “medium speed” protection breakers. It is chosen faster with the intension to make it easier
to co-ordinate it with the upstream distribution and utility supply breakers. Field experience needs to inform this choice further.
The type of generator is currently not considered and may effect this choice.
6.3.4 AC arresters Specification

Install MOV lightning arresters between all phases (and the neutral if this is connected to the inverter) and
the Earth Continuity Conductor (ECC).
Certified according to SANS / IEC 61643-1, Class II.
260V ≤ MCOV ≥ 280V
Voltage Protection level (Up) ≤ 1 500V
Nominal Discharge current In ≥ 20 kA,
Maximum discharge current I max ≥ 40 kA.
Short circuit fault withstand: The short circuit withstand of the arresters has to be greater or equal to the
withstand capability of the rating of the assembly. Alternatively it has to be suitably co-ordinated with
upstream protection devices.
6.3.5 The Functional Relay

Product standard: IEC 60255-6: 1995 or IEC 60255-1: 2010
This is a single phase or three phase (for three phase DGSL) under voltage type relay which must have two
independent normally open (NO) output contacts.
The “under voltage” referred to here is the phase to neutral voltage.
Rated operational voltage Ue ≥ 252 Vrms phase to ground or 440 Vrms phase to phase.
Rated insulation voltage Vi ≥ 252 Vrms phase to ground or 440 Vrms phase to phase.
Overvoltage category III conforming to IEC 60664-1
Accuracy better than 1%
Power supply to the relay; must be derived from the connected phases and neutral. The power
consumption should not exceed 3 watt. Ideally this should be less, as it present a thermal energy source
heating inside the enclosure.
Energy storage and latching: The relay may not contain batteries (or similar) which are associated with the
power supply of the mechanical relays. Any such energy must dissipate within 3 seconds. The contacts
may not use latching mechanisms where remnant or permanent magnetic means is used in the working of
the relay.
Minimum output contacts requirements:
 Two NO contacts
 The NO contacts has to be electromechanical relays
 2A at 230V single phase
 100 000 electrical operations at 230V/2A AC
 Mechanical operations exceeding 1 000 000 switching cycles.
 Isolation rating > 2 kV rms and 4 kV 1/1.2μs impulse rating between all isolated circuits.
Functions:
 Must be monitoring all three phases to neutral (or single phase to neutral for a single phase DGSL)
 Start-up delay preferred to be 3s, may not exceed 10 sec. No limit is set.
Note: The Grid Code and NRS 097-2-1 only allows the generator to switch back-on after 60 seconds. This is a requirement of
the total system, not a requirement for the DGSL.
 Under voltage Must-Remain-Closed, voltage-dip-time response, within the limits of E1, where it
is possible, safety requirements will always take priority over the Grid Code requirements.*
 Under voltage Must-Open, voltage dip- time response, must be prevent contactor chatter of the
contactors chosen for the particular DGSL.
 Under voltage Must-Open-voltage-trip-setting, under voltage trip setting must be between 65%
and 75% of the nominal phase to neutral voltage (230V phase to ground).
 Under voltage Must-open-delay-time, may not exceed 2 seconds.
 Under voltage Re-close level, the close operation should have a hysteresis of no less than 2%
above the under voltage open level. The desired value would be greater than 5%.
 Over-voltage trip functionality is not required in this device. However should it have such
capability it should be compatible to the Grid Code and NRS 097-2-1 see E1. [It should be
considered to be a requirement. The argument for this is that over voltage presents a safety risk.
If this is accepted a value of tripping at 120% of the phase to ground voltage is suggested, with an
operating time slower than 3 seconds and faster than 30 seconds.]
 Over and under frequency trip response is not required in this device. However it is permitted
to have it and should be compatible to the Grid Code and NRS 097-2-1 limits. Ie. Lower and higher
than the respective low and high frequency limits.
Note # NRS 097-2-1 only allows the generator to switch back on after 60 seconds. (And any other similar requirements.) It
should be noted that these are requirements of the total EG system, not a requirement for the DGSL.
Safeguarding the relay and any other settings:

Settable relay or any other functions have to be permanently fixed in the appropriate positions to prevent
changes after certification has been issued.
Note: For practical reasons, devices certified to be compliant to VDE 126-1-1 /A1 VFR 2014 will be deemed compliant to this
specification till the end of 2019. (Although it might not respect all the requirements of this document and NRS 097-2-1.)
Table 1: Functional Relay General requirements
General Requirements
Nominal LN voltage 230 V
Nominal LL voltage 400 V
Maximum continuous LL voltage 550 V
Maximum continuous LN voltage 440 V
Measuring method True RMS or Average
Casing IP 50
Terminals IP 20
Environmental requirement
Operating temperature range -20 to 65 degrees Celsius
Climate category IEC 60721-3-1
Vibration IEC 60255-21-2 Class 2
Shock 60255-21-2 Class 2
Isolation requirement
Input-output
Output 1 to output 2
Test voltage between all isolated circuits 2.5 kV rms
General Requirements
Basic isulation level 500V
Pollution degree 3
Electromagnetic compatibility
Electrostatic discharge 61000-4-2
Fast transient 61000-4-4 Level 3 (2kV 5kHz )
Surge 61000-4-5 Level 4 (2kV L-L, L-N)
Harmonics and interharmonics 61000-4-13 Class 3
6.3.6 Auxiliary components short circuit protection

The following components are regarded as “auxiliary circuits”
 Surge arresters
 Functional relay
Suitable protection that will clear the electrical fault in the case of an auxiliary circuit fault must be provided.
The objective of the protection design is to safeguard DGSL operators and casual by passers from harm in
case of a fault.
Note: On lower rated units, such as those rated for shared feeder EG protection ( 20A single phase, 20A or 40A three phase
with Isc ≤ 10 kA it is likely that the switched-disconnector-circuit breaker would give adequate protection to avoid harm to
operators and others.
Larger DGSL with current ratings 100A and above and Isc > 10 kA are candidates that may require separate
protection for the auxiliary circuits.
It is up to the designer to determine this requirement.
Both circuit breakers and fuses could be used as auxiliary circuit protectors.
Note further that the DGSL auxiliary circuits are not subjected to fault currents caused by faults external to the DGSL. Only
faults inside the DGSL auxiliary circuits would subject it to fault current.
As this is a PI 65 sealed unit it is very unlikely that internal faults should occur. Only internal auxiliary circuit
faults can cause this. If the DGSL is suitably designed and rated, this probability will be very low.
6.3.7 Contactor specification

Product specification: SANS/IEC 60947-4-1.
It must be an electromechanical device.
Energy storage and latching: The contactor may not contain batteries or similar energy storage
components. Any such energy must dissipate within 3 seconds. The contacts may not use latching
mechanisms of any type including mechanical, magnetic or any other to hold the relay closed. The contactor
must disengage as soon as the current through the magnetic holding coil is interrupted.
Identical units must be used.
 Single phase 230V DGSL must break live and neutral.
 Three phase 400V DGSL must break all three phases.
The contactors must have one Normally Closed (NC) auxiliary contact.
It must be certified in accordance with SANS/ IEC 60947-4-1 as:
 Rated operational voltage Ue ≥ 440 Vrms
 Rated insulation voltage Vi ≥ 440 Vrms
 Rated impulse withstand voltage Uimp ≥ 6 kV.

Primary poles specification:
 Utilization category AC-1
 Mechanical operations exceeding 1 000 000 switching cycles.
 Electrical operations at rated current exceeding 100 000 switching cycles.
 Rated operational current (Ie) must be greater than 1.5 the declared rated current rating of the
DGSL.
Auxiliary pole (contact) specification
These auxiliary contacts must be suitably rated to carry the electromechanical functional relays’ coil current
or similar of the electronic functional relay. It must at least be continuously rated at 2A, 230Vac for single
phase application and 2A, 400Vac if it is to be applied between phases.
6.3.8 Residual current disconnecting (RCD) device

NRS 097-2-1 clause 4.2.6.2 requires an RCD functionality in the case of EG inverters that does not have
simple separation.
The RCD can be a function of the inverter or if this is not the case it has to be provided externally.
Integration between the DGSL- isolator / circuit breaker elements and the external RCD is encouraged.
6.3.9 Busbar and interconnection conductor requirements

It must be copper.
The primary circuit interconnecting wires or busbars inside the DGSL must not exceed current density of
2 2
4 A/mm (up to Ir ≤100A) and 3 A/mm (above Ir >100A) at the rated current of the DGSL (Ir).
In addition the temperature rise inside the DGSL enclosure, at the rated current (Ir), may not exceed the
limits given in paragraph 3.3.1. This may require even lower current densities being adopted for these
busbars or conductors.
Primary connection inside the housing may not exceed 0.5 mili Ohm when new and throughout the life of the
DGSL.
6.3.10 Earth Continuity Conductor dimension

2
It must be copper greater or equal to 6mm .

2
For lightning protection requirement the minimum dimension is 6mm . (In accordance with table 9
of SANS 62305-3).
 For AC power considerations the ECC may have to be larger, in accordance with SANS 10142
paragraph 6.6.2.7 table 6.24(a), it is dimensioned proportionally to the cross sectional area of the
phase conductor.
Table 2: Copy of SANS 10142 6.24(a) Cross sectional area of protective conductors proportional to
the cross sectional area of the phase conductors
6.4 Labelling
Labelling must comply with SANS 1186-1. The labels must have a life expectancy of 20 year.
The DGSL must have the following labels which is permanently fixed to the DGSL:
6.4.1 Main identity label

Indicating the rating of the unit
Rated voltage Vr, single phase 230VAC or three phase 400VAC.
Current rating Ir
Short circuit current rating Isc
Manufacturer’s legal name.
Qualified person’s name issuing the certificate.
The label should be attached to the body of the DGSL and must be easily readable when approached from
the front.
Dead-Grid Safety Lock

Three Phase, 20A, 400V, Isc= 5 kA
RCD: Not fitted.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Manufactured by: ABC Switchgear Co.
SANS 1973 Conformance Serial No XXXXXX
Issued by: V Sithole Date: 2017/02/09
Figure 3: An example of DGSL main label
6.4.2 Generator side pigtail or terminal label

The generator connection side must have a label(s) that clearly indicates the generator connection side. The
individual conductor connections should be clearly labelled as Protective Earth (PE) neutral (N) phases 1 to
3 as applicable and colour coded in accordance with SANS 10142-1.
6.4.3 Grid side terminal label

The grid connection terminal must have a label(s) that clearly indicates the grid connection side. The
individual conductor connections should be clearly labelled as Protective Earth (PE) neutral (N) and the
Phases 1 to 3 as applicable.
6.4.4 Isolation switch labelling

The isolation switch should be labelled as “AC Isolation Switch”. The On and Off positions should be
indicated and easily identifiable. This can be on the isolator itself or on the box housing the DGSL.
7. Authorization
This document has been seen and accepted by:
Name and surname Designation

P Moyo Power Delivery Engineering GM
K Dedekind Eskom Technology Group, Planning COE, Planning Manager
8. Revisions
Date Rev Compiler Remarks
April 2018 1 H Geldenhuys First issue
9. Development team
The following people were involved in the development of this document:
 Johan Beukes
 Koos Kraft
 Dumisani Mtolo
10. Acknowledgements
The assistance of many persons form industry is acknowledged. The document is an outcome of
deliberations that took place at the NRS 097-2-1 meetings.
Annex A – Pro forma Type Test and Conformance Certificate for the DGSL
(Normative)
Type Test Report
DEAD GRID SAFETY LOCK
Design owner ______________________________________
Address ______________________________________
DGSL model designation:________________________________ Date :_____________
DGSL Rating
Single phase or three phase 1/3 Phase
Rated operating voltage Ue 230/400 V
Rated current Ie A
Maximum power rating of EG kVA
Short circuit withstand capacity kA
1) Alternative component substitution

Designers and manufacturers should upfront consider what alternative component suppliers and models of
components are to be used for a specific model of DGSL. Substitution of components and component
suppliers outside of the submitted proto type for type testing is subject to specific rules.
It would therefore be wise to include some alternative models of components in submitting the
documentation and hardware for the type test evaluation to allow flexibility during production.
Subsequent substitution rules:
Functional relay………………… Not allowed. (Only as per the submitted components to be used)
Contactors…………………………Not allowed. (Only as per the submitted components to be used)
Wiring lugs and terminations…… Not allowed. (Only as per the submitted components to be used)
Enclosure………………………….. Allowed if the technology is the same and if the enclosure is essentially
the same shape and with dimensions that are equal or bigger.
Surge arresters……………………. Allowed if it equal or exceeds the specified requirements as per the
standard and well as the short circuit capability of the DGSL. [Must be declared in the device certificate as
an appendix.]
Balance of components…………… Allowed if it equal or exceeds the specified requirements as per the
standard and well as the short circuit capability of the DGSL. . [Must be declared in the device certificate as
an appendix.]
Substitution testing rules
 Thermal testing- the combination of alternative components which have the highest losses should
be used in temperature test.
 Voltage and time response compliance should be demonstrated with all the combinations of
components considered as alternative designs.
2) Component compliance
(Where applicable, alternative components should be duplicated in the form below.)
Functional relay
Make
Model no
Requirement Detail Confirmation:
Actual value and Y/N
Product standard IEC 60255-2: 1995 or
Y/N
IEC 60255-1:2010
Y/N
Rated operational voltage > 252 Vrms P-G, 440 Vrms P-P Y/N
Rated Insulation voltage > 252 P-G, 440 Vrms P-P Y/N
Accuracy of voltage limits +/- 1% Y/N
Power consumption < 3 watt Y/N
Energy storage and latching No electrical charge storage or
magnetic latching effective for Y/N
more than 1 sec
Contactor
Make
Model no
Product standard SANS/ IEC 60947-4-1 Y/N
Rated operational voltage > 252 VrmsP-G, 440 Vrms P-P Y/N
Rated impulse withstand > 6kV peak Y/N
AC-1 rated current > 1.5 x DGSL rated current Y/N
Mechanical operations > 1 000 000 Y/N
Electrical operations > 100 000 Y/N

Auxiliary pole voltage rating > 230Vrms Y/N
Auxiliary pole current rating > 2 Arms Y/N
Coil power consumption watt
Energy storage and latching No capacitive storage or
magnetic latching
Switch-disconnector
Make
Model no
Product standard SANS/IEC 60 947-1 and
IEC 60 947-3 (isolator) OR Y/N
SANS 60 947-2(Circuit breaker)
Rated operational voltage > 252 Vrms P-G, 440 Vrms P-P Y/N
Rated impulse withstand > 6kV peak Y/N
Rated current > 1.5 x DGSL rated current Y/N
Surge Arresters
Make
Model no
Product standard SANS/ IEC 61643-1 Y/N
MCOV 260 Vrms < MCOV < 280Vrms Y/N
Voltage protection level < 1500V Y/N
Nominal discharge current 20 kA Y/N
Maximum discharge current 40 kA Y/N
Short circuit fault withstand (Isc Rating of DGSL) Y/N
3) Circuit conformance
Requirement Detail Confirmation Y/N
Single phase wiring arrangement Figure 1 Y/N
Three phase wiring topology Annex E Y/N
2
Cross sectional area of primary 4 A / mm Ir ≤ 100A
current circuit and copper 2 Y/N
3A / mm Ir > 100 A
conductor
2
Earth continuity conductor and > 6mm And
its connection terminals’
Compliant to Table 2
equivalent continuously rated Y/N
capacity Continuously capable of carrying
DGSL rated current.
4) Functional Compliance
System MUST OPEN and MUST REMAIN CLOSE with no contact chatter
Voltage change Duration to trip Requirement
Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3
1 PU to 0.40 PU in less than 1 3 sec maximum Trip in Trip in Trip in
second time time time
[1+2]
Start 1 PU lower voltage to No contactor No No No
0.6PU in 10 seconds chatter and contactor contactor contactor
must open chatter chatter chatter
contactors and open and open and open
1 PU to 0.80 PU Remain closed Y/N Y/N Y/N

1 PU to 1.10 PU Remain closed Y/N Y/N Y/N
0 PU to 0.80 PU in less than 1 Must close in less

Close in Close in Close in
second than 11 sec
time time time
[10+1]
Start at 0 PU increase voltage to No contactor No No No
0.80PU in 10 seconds chatter and must contactor contactor contactor
close contactors chatter chatter chatter
and close and close and close
5) Labelling
Main label Clause 3.4.1
Grid side cable terminal label Clause 3.4.3
Inverter side cable terminal label Clause 3.4.2
Isolation switch label Clause 3.4.4
6) Temperature rise test certificate done at SABS NETFA laboratory

Temperature rise test certificate done at SABS NETFA laboratory. In accordance with SANS/IEC 61439-1
Tests are to be done at the full load rated current and rated voltage of the DGSL.
Temperature rise Allowed temp rise Pass/
above ambient Fail
Top of the enclosure mounted
Y/N
on a wall temperature rise
Middle of the enclosure
Y/N
mounted on a wall
Worst case primary terminal
Y/N
temperature rise
7) Comprehensive photo set of DGSL of the approved product and alternative

components. (Attach photos and provide graphic files.)
Declaration by the Design Owner’s Competent and Accredited Person.
This Dead Grid Safety Lock complies with all the requirements of SANS 1973-1or3 and the design
requirements of the Dead Grid Safety Lock Standard.
Accredited Person name:________________________________________________
Accredited Person registration number:___Pr Eng_____________________________
Accredited Person signature:______________________________Date:___________
Annex B – Pro forma Conformance Certificate for the DGSL

(Normative)
Conformance Certificate for
DEAD GRID SAFETY LOCK

Supply company Accredited person
Registered name _______________________ Name _____________________________
Address ________________________ Registration number ________________
Tel no. ________________________ Address _________________________
DGSL model:_______No___________________
Date :_____________
DGSL serial No:______________________
Type Test Reference Date of TT: ETD acceptance date:

(Type Test) (Eskom Technology Division.)
Declaration by supplier and Accredited person:

This Dead Grid Safety Lock complies with all the requirements of the Eskom DGSL and the unit is
in accordance with the requirements of the relevant type test.
Accredited Person signature:_____________________________________
DGSL Rating
Single phase or three phase 1/3 Phase
Rated operating voltage Ue V
Rated current Ie A
Maximum power rating of EG kVA
Short circuit withstand capacity kA
Identical to all the requirements of the original type test design (Y/N)
Visual inspection Criteria Confirmation

1. Labels Details of labels. Identical to type
test unit.
2. Housing and protective coating Not damaged, IP 65
3. Electrical connectors Torqued per manufacturer production
standard
4. Earth continuity conductor R< .01 ohm EG to Grid sides
5. Tamper sealing Done
6. Conductors size and color code Sizes and color codes per type test
unit.
7. Dielectric test – Main circuit Phases and N 1kV to ECC
8. Dielectric test – auxiliary circuit 1kV to ECC
9. Contactors Type test identical and SANS? IEC
mark
10. Under voltage relay Type test identical and SANS/ IEC
mark
11. Surge arresters Type test identical and SANS/ IEC
mark
12. Primary circuit interconnecting Type test identical and SANS/ IEC
busbars / wires compliant
13. Secondary circuit wires Type test identical and SANS / IEC
compliant
14. Primary circuit closed test: By Less than 10 milli-Ohm or as per type Ph 1: m-Ohm
applying valid grid side voltage, test requirement and manufacturers
measure the voltage drop across production standard Ph 2: m-Ohm
the input to output voltage at rated
current. Ph 3: m-Ohm
N: m-Ohm
ECC: m-Ohm
Annex C – Minimum Safety Requirements for LV Shared Feeder Roof top PV

Embedded Generators to safeguarding the Upstream Network
(Normative)
Note: The minimum safety installation requirements will be incorporated in NRS 097-2-1 once that document is updated, as it
does not fit into the DGSL specification document scope. In the meantime it is a practical arrangement to have it reflected here.
B1 Means of contacting the customer or his agent in case of emergency

There must be a means of contacting the customer or his agent in case of an emergency related to this
plant.
Figure C.1: Schematic layout of the essential safety requirements for a PV inverter EG installation
for upstream safe work and network protection
The salient apparatus required to ensure the safety of upstream network equipment and staff is shown in B1.
[The consumer installation also has other safety requirements, not dealt with here.]
It comprises of the following elements:
 Earth Continuity Conductor (ECC) which is connected all the way through from the PV panel frame
earth, the PV structural lightning protection (if applicable), through to the AC installation ECC and
the utility earth conductor.
 Dead-Grid Safety Lock DGSL
 DC Isolator before the inverter
 DC surge arresters before the inverter.
 Structural lightning protection, if required.
B2 Earth continuity conductors, protective earthing, and bonding

The protective earthing of the installations has to be done as shown in B1. It has to comply with the
following standards:
 SANS 10142-1: Chapter 6.7, Protection and Chapter 6.12, Earthing.
 SANS/IEC 62305-3: Lightning equipotential bonding.
The power earth continuity conductor and the PV system earth continuity conductor as well as the lightning
protection system must all be bonded together.
2
In accordance with 9 of SANS 62305-3 this bonding must be at least a 6mm copper conductor.
The ECC may have to be larger:
 In the AC power system side the ECC have to comply with SANS 10142-1 6.28.
 For PV DC side the ECC must be dimensioned in accordance with SANS 10142-1 Chapter 6.2
assuming that the ECC carries the full fault current indefinitely. This requires compliance to SANS
10142-1 6.2(a).
(The reason for this is that PV overcurrent protection is not able to clear many PV earth fault current
automatically. In the case where the PV system output is muted by low solar radiation the fault current is
much less than the protection level and will remain faulted until it is cleared by repair operations.)
B3 The DGSL
In accordance with this document.
The maximum current of the EG may not exceed the rated current of the DGSL.
B4 DC Isolation means
The plant must have a means of isolating the PV DC supply from the inverter-network.
This isolation means must be suitably rated and compliant to IEC xxx to break any PV-DC load or fault
current emanating from the PV DC installation (or any other sources that exist in the installation, such as
batteries).
Background:
Utilities require the consumer to have a means of isolating the PV-DC supply before the EG or EGs. In the
case of a fault of the DC, through to the utility-grid side, isolation of the DC supply has to be effected
somewhere to make the overall installation safe.
Generally the AC breakers are not capable of breaking equivalent levels of DC. Especially when the DC
voltage is as high as in the case of PV EG. (Between 500V and 1000V DC)
This has to be done by the consumer, as this breaker is under owned and controlled by the consumer.
B5 DC Lightning arresters for the protection of the DGSL, inverter and
associated equipment
All DC conductors connected to the inverter, which is not bonded to the Earth Continuity Conductor must
have its own lightning arrester at this point. It has to be installed between the negative and the positive pole
to the Earth Continuity Conductor. An arrester between the positive and negative poles of the PV supply is
also required. The arresters from the poles to ECC and pole to pole arresters can be an integrated into a
three terminal device.
Inverter topologies where one pole is earthed and where the ECC and the earthed pole are the same
conductor only require a single arrester between the on the side which is not earthed.
It must be certified according to SANS / IEC 61643-1 as Class II.
The MCOV (Ucpv) must be chosen to be lower or equal to the maximum inverter PV-DC supply voltage.
Nominal Discharge current In ≥ 12 kA. (8/20μs)

Maximum total discharge current I max ≥ 40 kA. (8/20μs)
Maximum discharge current per pole I max ≥ 20 kA. (8/20μs)
Consideration should be given to the installation short circuit current I DCSC providing for the short circuit
failure of the surge arresters.
Voltage Protection level Up has to be in accordance with the below
Table C.1: Maximum protection levels for DC arresters, for inverter system voltage
Max. Inverter system voltage.

Voltage Protection level (Up)
(Uc)
600V ≤ 2 500V
1000V ≤ 4 000V
1200V ≤ 4 500V
The arresters must be mounted in a suitable housing, in accordance with the requirements of SANS 10142-1.
B6 Fault Current protection for the EG circuit including the DGSL
Cascading of fault current protection devices in accordance with IEC 60947-2 can be applied. This has to be
documented in the COC for the installation.
Ensuring that the DGSL and other EG components are adequitely fault current protected, is the
accountability of the installation designer in accordance with SAN !0142-1.
B6 Structural lightning protection of the PV-DC panel installation
The structural protection is to be done in accordance of SANS / IEC 62305-3 Protection against lightning
Part 3: Physical damage to structures and life hazards.
Comprising of the following:
B6.1) Earth electrode(s)
B6.2) Down conductors
B6.3) Air terminals as and when required
The installation of a lightning earth electrode system and suitable down conductors is the primary
compulsory requirement.
Where the risk of a strike to the PV installation exceeds a frequency of once in 20 years (calculated via
SANS 62305-2), a lighting protection system which is insulated from the PV-DC is required. If the risk is not
calculated it must be applied to all installations exceeding 12.8 kVA.
In the case where a separate insulated lightning protection system is used the only connection between the
lighting earth-bonding conductor and the power protective earth is to be done at the consumer’s (power)
earth terminal (CET) per chapter 6.11 of SANS 10142-1.
B7 Protection associated with utility tariff structure and supply options
Supply tariff options have consequences for the installation with respect to the electrical regulations and
standards including SANS 10142-1. There are three known possible contractual options:
 No compensation.
 Net metering.
 Feed in tariffs.
It can have effect on the utility supply point and design as well as on the customer installation.
a) Combined consumption-generation point of supply:

In the contractual cases where no compensation is given and for “net-billing” the installation remains as it
would normally be without EG. (No change/ difference.): The point of supply and the point of control remain
exactly as in the case without EG. [The utility meter normally deals with the applicable utility tariff.]
Requirements
 The circuit on which the EG(s) is located must have its own switched –isolator-circuit-breaker in the
main DB.
 The circuit breaker must protect the EG connecting circuit from fault current in accordance with the
applicable standards.
 The cable between the main DB and the EG has to be suitably rated to carry the EG current and
any other it may have to carry.
 The DGSL in this case does not require any overcurrent protection in the case where the EG is a
inverter with its own means of protection.
b) Generation-only point of supply:

“Feed in tariffs” requires a dedicated-separate point of supply for the EG(s).
Customers who want to grid consume and generate would therefore be provided with two separate points of
supply. Each point of supply has its own meter and protection.
Because the generation point of supply is separate, the installation cable can be installed from the point of
supply directly to the DGSL.
Requirements:
 The DGSL may be the only DB on the customer side. (If there are only one DGSL)
 Loading and fault Current protection of the cable from the Point of Supply to the Point of Control
(DGSL) must be provided by the utility breaker.
 The capacity of “feed in tariff” EG agreement is not currently determined/ common in South Africa.
To effect technical standardisation; 20A single phase, 20A three phase and 60A three phase are
adopted as standard design sizes, larger values will follow as the need arise. EG connection
2 2
cables for the respective standard supplies have to be at least 4mm for 20A and at least 16mm
for 60A and in accordance with SANS 10142-1.
 The utility breaker has to be respectively Ir= 20A or Ir = 60A respectively. The 1000 sec trip within
1.05% to 1.35% of Ir. As well as being faster than 1 second at a fault current of 1500% of Ir. The
utility breaker has to be in accordance with appendix C.
 The DGSL should have overcurrent protection in this case of 20A and 60A respectively in
accordance with appendix C.
c) Maximum distance between the DGSL to DC surge arrester as well as SANS 10142-1
requirements
The DGSL and the DC surge arresters provide the surge protection of the Inverter. The separation distance
between the arresters is critical in providing effective surge protection to the inverter. This distance may not
exceed 1m. See B2. The Cabling interconnecting the devices must be as short as practically possible.
Figure C.2: The DGSL to the DC side arresters, maximum distance requirement
B8 Disconnector requirements
The DGSL should be installed in accordance with SANS 10142-1 clause 6.9.3 as it is acts as the
disconnecting device for the inverter.
B9 Cooling of the DGSL
The DGSL enclosure may not be built into a wall. It has to be surface-mounted to assist in cooling.
A 70mm clearance has to be maintained to all sides to ensure adequate cooling. See B2.
It should not be mounted in direct sunlight. (To avoid additional heating.)
Annex D – Circuit Breaker Protective Response (Normative)

Where a current breaking capability is specified for the DGSL and the associated networks the coordination
boundary in c1 would be applied.
Figure D.1: DGSL main breaker maximum current clearing time in terms of the rated current of the
DGSL breaker
Annex E – The Dead-Grid Safety Lock primary function

(Normative)
The basic connection between the functional relay and the contactors is shown in D1. The functional relay
is an electronic controlled relay with a under voltage function. It operates directly from the mains supply.
The circuit is so wired that once (the mains supply has fallen below the relay undervoltage setting) the
contactors are open, it will only close again when both contactors are normally functional and the electronic
relay is normally functional and when the grid mains voltage exceeds the under voltage settings.
In particular it is not possible for the inverter AC supply or any DC associated with the EG to pull close the
DGSL.
Figure E.1: Functional relay single phase application schematic connection diagram
Circuit interlocking configuration

The contactors pull in coils have to be powered directly from the utility supply source to ensure that they can
only be closed when sufficient grid side power is present to do so. (No stored energy such as batteries may
be used in the circuit.)
The functional relay’s power must be derived from either a phase to neutral or a phase to phase supply to
the relay. This is further routed via both the main control contactors auxiliary contacts being connected in
series. The effect of this is that should either of the contactors be burned close, it will prevent the DGSL
from switching on, and in doing so, ensure the safety integrity of the system.
The functional relay must have two normally open (NO) control contacts as per Figure D1. These enable the
functional relay to switch the contactors on as well as keep itself on when the voltage-is-in-limits.
Annex F – An example of the connection diagram DGSL functional relay in a

three phase application. (Normative.)
Annex G – Considerations relating to under voltage relay volt-time

requirements
(Informative)
In accordance with the GRID CODE embedded generators have to respect the following time-voltage
characteristics:
Figure G.1: The Renewables Grid Code voltage-time requirements for embedded generators to
remain connected or have to disconnect. [Changes that will only be published in 2017 are already
reflected here.]
One of the primary functions of the undervoltage relay is to prevent chattering of the contactors. For this the
under voltage relay has to consider the levels at which chattering of contactors occur, which is depicted in
F2.
Figure G.2: The chattering range of contactors
From these requirements, the under voltage operating voltage-time relationship is derived.
Annex H – Considerations relating to standard DGSL ratings (Informative)

Suppliers need to consider how to optimize DGSL ratings. The following points will impact on the likely sizes
of DGSL’s would generally be required.
Single phase EG is normally restricted to 4.6 kW
In more rare cases, where supply points are derived from dedicated 16 kVA or 32 kVA transformers, single
phase ratings larger than 4.6 kW is allowed.
Where systems are fitted to building roofs (or walls) the Roof area is an important restriction on the size of
the PV installation. For the domestic home segment typical house footprints should be considered for
determining likely sizes of systems. (Similar considerations apply to commercial and industrial properties.)
The renewables Grid code segmentation is given below for information:
Eskom will allow LV connected EG up to 75% of 500 kVA which is 375 kVA. Some other municipalities has
indicated that they will allow LV connected EG up to 75% of 2 MVA which is 1 500 kVA.
Annex I – Probability of failure considerations (Informative)

Table I.1: Theoretical calculation of the failure probability of a DGSL
Function Safe Probability

Type of Failure Disconnect [ /hour]
Lock out Outcome
Function
One Main Contactor Yes Yes Yes 1.14E-05
Auxiliary Relay No Yes Yes 1.14E-05
Auxiliary Relay and one
No Yes Yes 1.30E-10
Contactor
First the Auxiliary Relay
followed by both Contactors No No Compromised 1.49E-15
for different reasons
Both Main Contactors for the
No No Compromised ?
same cause of failure*
The table is assumes the normal failure rate of both the relay and the contactors as 1 per 10 years.
*Possible “same cause” could be fault current behind the ADD or lighting current through it.
However the probability of this, is not the average failure rate.
The practical impact of H1 is as follow:

One contactor failed: If any one of the main contactors fails, the DGSL will fail to close after opening.
The user of the installation will find that the DGSL is not closing and this will initiate the required
maintenance. No risk.
Auxiliary relay fail NO: If the auxiliary relay fails NO the circuit will not close after opening. The user will
find that the DGSL is not operating and initiate the required maintenance. No risk.
Auxiliary relay fail NC: If the auxiliary relay fails NC, the DGSL will open and close as normal and will
retain its normal protective function. However it will not inform the user of the failed part. No risk.
Auxiliary relay fail NC and one contactor failed NC: If the auxiliary relay fails NC and one of the
contactors also fails NC, the DGSL will open and close as normal and will retain its normal protective
function. However it will not inform the user of the failed parts. No risk.
Auxiliary relay fail NC first and thereafter the contactors sequentially for different reasons fails NC: If the
auxiliary relay and the contactors fails sequentially NC, the DGSL will remain closed and will lose its normal
protective function. It will not inform the user of the failed status. Material risk with very low (acceptable)
probability.
Contactors fails NC for the same reason: It the two contactors fails closed for the same reason
simultaneously, the DGSL will remain closed and will lose its normal protective function. It will not inform
the user of the failed status. The probability of this is dependent on the cause of simultaneous failure and is
not possible to simply state in probability terms. It is dependent on the design’s ability to deal with
environmental conditions the DGSL is exposed to. Material risk. Not possible to allocate a probability to it.
The engineering community needs to keep its eye on this and adjust design if it comes to the fore. However
the current design was aimed at eliminating this risk.

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Standard Technology

Title: THE DEAD-GRID SAFETY LOCK Unique Identifier: 240-126260252

Documentation Type: Standard

Next Review Date: April 2023

Disclosure Classification: Public

Compiled by Approved by Authorized by

Dr Hendri Geldenhuys Riaz Asmal Prince Moyo

PCM Reference: <xxxxxx>

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6.4.3 Grid side terminal label ........................................................................................................19

Figure 1: Dead-Grid Safety-Lock Single Phase Schematic Diagram ................................................................. 9

Table 1: Functional Relay General requirements .............................................................................................15

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 Continuity of phase, neutral and protective earth conductors.

2.2 Normative/informative references

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3. Technical documentation requirement for the connection of an EG to a

Document Supplied and signed off by

1 A valid* DGSL Conformance Certificate Manufacturer of the DGSL

2 EG Installation minimum safety requirements- Registered competent person

3 LV installation COC (SANS 10142-1) Installation electrician

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4. DGSL Type Testing and conformance assurance

4.1 DGSL Type Test Certificate requirements

4.2 ISO 9001 Certification of the DGSL manufacturer.

4.3 DGSL Conformance Certificate

4.4 Registration of DGSL models with the Eskom Technology Division

5. Maintaining the integrity of the DGSL through its life

5.2 Tamper sealing of the DGSL

5.3 Maintenance and repair of DGSL, certification and sealing

Figure 1: Dead-Grid Safety-Lock Single Phase Schematic Diagram

6.1 DGSL components

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6.2 General requirements

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6.2.1 Load current rating and design

6.2.2 Fault current rating and design

6.2.3 Standard ratings for shared feeder DGSL

6.3 Detail specification

6.3.2 Terminals of the DGSL

6.3.2.2 EG side pig tail cable for connection to the inverter

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Alternativly a connection similar to 5.2.1 can be provided.

6.3.3 Switch-disconnector (and circuit breaker where applicable)

6.3.3.1 Switched-disconnectors for net-billing installation

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Switched-disconnectors for Feed-in-tariff installations

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6.3.4 AC arresters Specification

6.3.5 The Functional Relay

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Safeguarding the relay and any other settings:

Table 1: Functional Relay General requirements

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6.3.6 Auxiliary components short circuit protection

6.3.7 Contactor specification

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DGSL model designation:____________________ Date :_

Accredited Person registration number:_Pr Eng___________________________

Accredited Person signature:____________________Date:_

Registered name _ Name _______

Address ________ Registration number

Tel no. Address _