The Fieldbus in The Automation Network: Planning Level Process Control Level Cell Level MAP Carrierband MAP Broadband

The fieldbus in the automation network
MAP Broadband CAD

Planning
PPS EDP m level
te
sys
Process
MAP Carrierband CAM / control level
ter ter
e.g. Ethernet CAQ Mas ompu
c
o ntrol
c
m Cell level
e.g. PROFIBUS - FMS C
con NC P s yste
al
trol LC
sys r ip her
tem Pe
e.g.PROFIBUS DP,
AS-I Field level
Act m
uat
driv ors, se yste
al s
es, n
valv sors, ip her
es Per
KOM_31E.ppt/Foil 1/1999
Phy ss
sic al p pr oce
l
r oce
s hy sica
s P
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The fieldbus in the automation network
MAP Broadband CAD Planning

PPS EDP m level
te
sys
Process
MAP Carrierband control level
CAM ter / ter
e.g. Ethernet CAQ Mas ompu
l c
co ntro
m Cell level
e.g. PROFIBUS - FMS C
con NC P ste
l sy
trol LC era
sys eriph
tem P
e.g.PROFIBUS DP,
AS-I Field level
Act m
uat
driv ors, se yste
al s
es, n
valv sors, ri pher
P e
es
Phy es s
sica roc
l pr
oce s ic al p
s s Phy
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MAP: Manufacturing Automation Protocol CAD = Computer Aided Design

PPS : Production Planing System CAM = Computer Aided Manufacturing
CAQ = Computer Aided Quality
Cell / fieldbus systems:
Interbus_S: Sensor-actuator bus from Phoenix Contact
BITBUS: Protocol specified by INTEL (IEEE 1118) for data transfer between
PLCs and microcomputers.
MODBUS: Proprietary Modicon bus protocol (AEG) to network automation
systems
CAN BUS: Serial bus system, originally developed by Bosch for automobile
technology. Internationally standardized
(ISO/DIS 11898 and ISO/DIS 11519-1)
DATA HIGHWAY:Local Area Network (LAN) from Allen Bradley.
Allen Bradley PLC and computers are networked.
AS-I: Actuator-sensor interface. Fieldbus in the lowest automation level for
binary peripherals.
FIP: French bus system (UTE46), main competition to PROFIBUS in
international standarization
SERCOS: Fiber-optic cable ringbus, drawn-up by ZVEI and VDW. SERCOS
interface is used to network controls and drives in NC machines.
3.1-1
Communication requirements in drive
technology
Operator control tasks Process control tasks
(Man-machine communications)
Via a control room, Online operation on the Open-loop/closed-loop control of a process via the
parallel to the auto- bus, parallel to the bus using a higher-level automation system
mation system on the automation/control room
same bus
Visualization on the Drive start-up Process data are quickly transferred
display
Free access to all Process data with a direct influence on the
Data archiving parameters of a drive actual process:
converter - control word
Downloading recipes - status word
(data sets) Troubleshooting - setpoint
Reading-out device- - actual value
internal trace buffers Low data quantities
Same functionality, Rigid cyclic data transfer technique
centrally and locally → fixed telegram length
(local)
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Communication requirements in drive
technology
Operator control tasks Process control tasks
(Man-machine communications)
Via a control room, Online operation on the Open-loop/closed-loop control of a process via the
parallel to the auto- bus, parallel to the bus using a higher-level automation system
mation system on the automation/control room
same bus
Visualization on the Drive start-up Process data are quickly transferred
display
Free access to all Process data with a direct influence on the
Data archiving parameters of a drive actual process:
converter - control word
Downloading recipes - status word
(data sets) Troubleshooting - setpoint
Reading-out device- - actual value
internal trace buffers Low data quantities
Same functionality, Rigid cyclic data transfer technique
centrally and locally → fixed telegram length
(local)
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Basic requirements on communications in drive technology!

These requirements are fulfilled with our communications concept
available today:
Operator control (lefthand part) + process control
→ PROFIBUS DP
Operator control (righthand part) → USS (SIMOVIS)
Refer to overhead transparency 3.1-3 for the data-related implementation!
3.1-2
Structure of the parameter - process data -
objects (PPO) / net data
Parameter data (PKW) Process data (PZD)
Index Parameter value
Additional setpoints / actual values
Main setpoints / actual values

Parameter ID
Control words / status word
S
P Parameter number
M
Parameter change report
Task / response ID
e.g. read/write value
read/write descriptive element
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Structure of the parameter - process data -
objects (PPO) / net data
Parameter data (PKW) Process data (PZD)
Index Parameter value
Additional setpoints / actual values
Main setpoints / actual values

Parameter ID
Control words / status word
S
P Parameter number
M
Parameter change report
Task / response ID
e.g. read/write value
read/write descriptive element
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Parameter data :Range which is required to fulfill the man-

machine control tasks
Process data : Range which is required to fulfill the process control
tasks
Parameter : Parameter changes made directly at the PMU'

change report are report:
signaled to the automation!
Today, parameter change report mechanisms have not
been implemented in any device!
PKW interface Task transferred to the interface

mechanism: Wait for "processed task" (several telegram cycles),
then a new task can be transferred. In the PKW
interface, a task is always sent to a bus node and a
response received from this node.
This complete net data structure (PPO) is sent cyclically from the
master to the drive in a telegram. The master receives the same
structure from the drive.
3.1-3
Structure and contents of the parameter ID range
Parameter ID (PKE)
1st byte 2nd byte AK : Task ID/response ID
AK SPM PNU SPM : Toggle bit for the parameter change report
15 12 11 10 0 Bit PNU : Parameter number
Task Response
Possible Response Function
Task ID Function response ID ID
pos. neg.
0 No task 0 0 0 No response
1 Request parameter value 1,2 7 1 Transfer parameter value (word)
2 Change parameter value (word) 1 7/8 2 Transfer parameter value (double word)
3 Change parameter value (double word) 2 7/8 3 Transfer descriptive element
4 Request descriptive element 3 7 4 Transfer parameter value (array word)
5 Change descriptive element 3 7/8 5 Transfer parameter value (array double word)
6 Request parameter value (array) 4,5 7 6 Transfer the number of array elements
7 Change parameter value (array word) 4 7/8 7 Task cannot be executed (with error number)
8 Change parameter value (array double word) 5 7/8 8 No operator raights for the PKW interface
9 Request the number of array elements 6 7 9 Parameter change report (word )
10 Reserved 10 Parameter change report (double word )
11 Change parameter value (array, double word) 5 7/8 11 Parameter change report (array word )
EEPROM
12 Change parameter value (array, word) 4 7/8 12 Parameter change report (array double word)
EEPROM
13 Change parameter value (double word) 2 7/8 13 Reserved
EEPROM
14 Change parameter value (word) 1 7/8 14 Reserved
EEPROM
15 (Dependent on the index) 15 7/8 15 Reserved
Implemented task IDs Implemented response IDs Excellence in
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Structure and contents of the parameter ID range
Parameter ID (PKE)
1st byte 2nd byte AK : Task ID/response ID
AK SPM PNU SPM : Toggle bit for the parameter change report
15 12 11 10 0 Bit PNU : Parameter number
Task Response
Possible Response Function
Task ID Function response ID ID
pos. neg.
0 No task 0 0 0 No response
1 Request parameter value 1,2 7 1 Transfer parameter value (word)
2 Change parameter value (word) 1 7/8 2 Transfer parameter value (double word)
3 Change parameter value (double word) 2 7/8 3 Transfer descriptive element
4 Request descriptive element 3 7 4 Transfer parameter value (array word)
5 Change descriptive element 3 7/8 5 Transfer parameter value (array double word)
6 Request parameter value (array) 4,5 7 6 Transfer the number of array elements
7 Change parameter value (array word) 4 7/8 7 Task cannot be executed (with error number)
8 Change parameter value (array double word) 5 7/8 8 No operator raights for the PKW interface
9 Request the number of array elements 6 7 9 Parameter change report (word )
10 Reserved 10 Parameter change report (double word )
11 Change parameter value (array, double word) 5 7/8 11 Parameter change report (array word )
EEPROM
12 Change parameter value (array, word) 4 7/8 12 Parameter change report (array double word)
EEPROM
13 Change parameter value (double word) 2 7/8 13 Reserved
EEPROM
14 Change parameter value (word) 1 7/8 14 Reserved
EEPROM
15 (Dependent on the index) 15 7/8 15 Reserved
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A differentiation must be made between various data types when reading

and writing parameters:
Word, doubleword, array word, array doubleword.
Changes can also be directly written into the EEPROM (AK 11-14)
For a response ID7 "task cannot be executed", the PWE area of the
response telegram contains an error message.
3.1-4
Handling process data in the drive
PKW Process data (PZD) - setpoint cascade. e.g. P554.1 = 3001
.... PZD1
STW
PZD2
HSW
PZD3 PZD4 PZD5 PZD6
.
Dual port RAM . STW
setpoint channel .
STW 3001
.
HSW 3002/3032
from the Bus con-

PZD3 3003 e.g. P443.1 = 3002
PZD4 3004
master nector PZD5 3005/3035
.
PROFIBUS DP PZD6 3006/3036
Source
HSW
Setpoints PZD10 3010
From the
analog input
CB1 SIMOVERT MASTERDRIVES
PKW Process data (PZD) - actual value
.... PZD1
ZSW
PZD2
HIW
PZD3 PZD4 PZD5 PZD6
(CB/TB act. values)
Dual port RAM
P694.1
To the master actual value channel
P694.2
ZSW P694.1
HIW P694.1 P694.3
Bus PZD3 P694.3 P694.10
con- PZD4 P694.4
nector PZD5 P694.5

Statuses,
PROFIBUS DP PZD6 P694.6 act. value
PZD10 P694.1
Actual values
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Handling process data in the drive
PKW Process data (PZD) - setpoint cascade.
e.g. P554.1 = 3001
.... PZD1
STW
PZD2
HSW PZD3 PZD4 PZD5 PZD6
.
Dual port RAM .
setpoint channel . STW
STW 3001
.
HSW 3002/3032
from the Bus con-

PZD3 3003 e.g. P443.1 = 3002
PZD4 3004
master nector PZD5 3005/3035
.
PROFIBUS DP PZD6 3006/3036
Source
HSW
Setpoints PZD10 3010
From the
analog input
PKW Process data (PZD) - actual value
.... PZD1
ZSW
PZD2
HIW PZD3 PZD4 PZD5 PZD6
Dual port RAM
(CB/TB act. values)
P694.1
To the master actual value channel
P694.2
ZSW P694.1
HIW P694.1 P694.3
Bus PZD3 P694.3 P694.10
con- PZD4 P694.4
nector PZD5 P694.5

Statuses,
PROFIBUS DP PZD6 P694.6 act. value
PZD10 P694.1
Actual values
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PKW- and PZD data are handled separately in the receive channel of the
interface and the drive with different priorities.
For MASTERDRIVES and SIMOREG, it is always necessary to connect
the process data (setpoint channel) to the particular setpoint
nodes/connectors. For MICRO / MIDIMASTER, there is a fixed
assignment.
The same is valid for values in the actual value channel.
3.1-5
Structure of the control- and status word in
accordance with the PROFIBUS profile
Control word structure Status word structure
Master Slave
: Bit : Bit
0 Drive ON / OFF 1 0 Ready to power-up
1 Power off OFF 2 1 Ready
2 Fast stop OFF 3 2 Operation enabled (RUN)
3 Control enable 3 Fault
4 Ramp-function generator enable 4 No OFF 2
5 Activate ramp-function generator 5 No OFF 3
6 Setpoint enable 6 Power-on inhibit
7 Acknowledge 7 Alarm
8 Inching 1 8 Setp./act.val.monit.within the tol.bandwidth
9 Inching 2 9 Control from automation unit requested
10 Control from the automation unit 10 f/n reached
11 Unit-specific 11 Unit-specific
15 Not assigned 15 Not assigned
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Structure of the control- and status word in
accordance with the PROFIBUS profile
Control word structure Status word structure
Master Slave
: Bit : Bit
0 Drive ON / OFF 1 0 Ready to power-up
1 Power off OFF 2 1 Ready
2 Fast stop OFF 3 2 Operation enabled (RUN)
3 Control enable 3 Fault
4 Ramp-function generator enable 4 No OFF 2
5 Activate ramp-function generator 5 No OFF 3
6 Setpoint enable 6 Power-on inhibit
7 Acknowledge 7 Alarm
8 Inching 1 8 Setp./act.val.monit.within the tol.bandwidth
9 Inching 2 9 Control from automation unit requested
10 Control from the automation unit 10 f/n reached
15 Not assigned 15 Not assigned
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General structure of the control- and status word in accordance with the
"variable-speed drives" profile.
For our drives, bits 11-15 are presently assigned unit-specific.
3.1-6
PROFIBUS communications data structure for
“variable-speed drives”
Parameter Process data interface
interface
PPO PKE IND PWE PZD1 PZD2 PZD3 PZD4 PZD5 PZD6 PZD7 PZD8 PZD9 PZD10
TYP 1
TYP 2
TYP 3
TYP 4
TYP 5
PKE: Parameter ID PZD: Process data
IND: Index (3rd byte), STW: Control word
PWE: Parameter value ZSW: Status word
HSW: Main setpoint
HIW : Main actual value
PPO: Parameter Process data Object

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PROFIBUS communications data structure for
“variable-speed drives”
interface
PPO PKE IND PWE PZD1 PZD2 PZD3 PZD4 PZD5 PZD6 PZD7 PZD8 PZD9 PZD10
TYP 1
TYP 2
TYP 3
TYP 4
TYP 5
IND: Index (3rd byte), STW: Control word
PWE: Parameter value ZSW: Status word
HSW: Main setpoint
HIW : Main actual value

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For PROFIBUS DP when used in drive technology, precisely these 5 PPO

types are specified in the "variable-speed drives profile". This restriction is
therefore not a characteristic of PROFIBUS DP, but the profile definition.
Implemented PPO types:

MASTERDRIVES (CB1) : all 5
SIMOREG K 6RA24 (CB24) : all 5
MICRO / MIDIMASTEER (OPmP) : 1 and 3
SIMOVERT PM / 6SE48 (SS13381) : 1 to 4
Note: Standardization of the net data permits standard

software to be used in the MASTER (e.g. SIMATIC with
DVA_S5 / S7).
3.1-7
USS communications data structure
interface
PKE IND PWE PZD1 PZD2 PZD3 PZD4 PZD5 PZD6 PZD7 PZD8 PZD9............ PZD16
TYP 1
TYP 2
TYP 3
TYP 4
TYP 5
Variable
IND: Index (4th byte), STW: Control word HSW: Main setpoint
PWE: Parameter value ZSW: Status word HIW : Main actual value

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USS communications data structure
interface
PKE IND PWE PZD1 PZD2 PZD3 PZD4 PZD5 PZD6 PZD7 PZD8 PZD9............ PZD16
TYP 1
TYP 2
TYP 3
TYP 4
TYP 5
Variable
IND: Index (4th byte), STW: Control word HSW: Main setpoint
PWE: Parameter value ZSW: Status word HIW : Main actual value

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For the USS protocol, the PZD section can contain 0 - 16 words. The PKW
section can include 0, 3 or 4 words (dependent on the equipment). Further,
the PKW section can have a variable length to read or change descriptive
elements.
Implemented net data structures:

MASTERDRIVES : 0, 3, 4, variable length (PKW)
0 -16 (PZD)
SIMOREG K 6RA24 : 0, 3 (PKW)
0 -16 (PZD)
MICRO / MIDIMASTER : 3 (PKW)
2 (PZD)
3.1-8
“Peer to peer" communications data structure

interface
PZD1 PZD2 PZD3 PZD4 PZD5
1 word
2 words
3 words
4 words
5 words
PZD: Process data
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“Peer to peer" communications data structure

interface
PZD1 PZD2 PZD3 PZD4 PZD5
1 word
2 words
3 words
4 words
5 words
PZD: Process data
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The process data area can contain a maximum of 5 words

(setpoints/actual values, control/status word).
The possible number of peer to peer words differs from unit to unit.
3.1-9
Telegram structure for PROFIBUS DP
SD2 LE LEr SD2 DA SA FC Net data, max 244 bytes FCS ED

Parameter ID Control word/
and value status word set-
points/actual values
Parameters Process data
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Telegram structure for PROFIBUS DP
SD2 LE LEr SD2 DA SA FC Net data, max 244 bytes FCS ED

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Telegram header:
SD2 : START - delimiter
LE : Length
LEr : Redundant length transfer
DA : Destination address
SA : Source address
FC : Frame control
Telegram footer:
FCS : Frame check sequence
ED : End delimiter
For drives, only a maximum of 28 bytes (PPO5) is used from the max. 244
possible PROFIBUS bytes!
3.1-10
Telegram structure for the USS protocol
STX LGE ADR Net data, max. 252 bytes BCC

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Telegram structure for the USS protocol
STX LGE ADR Net data, max. 252 bytes BCC

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Telegram header:
STX : Start of text
LGE : Telegram length (without STX, BCC)
ADR : Destination address
Telegram footer:
BCC : Block - check character (frame control)
Net data, 252 bytes: Only used for variable telegram length
(reading-out parameter description!). The
PKW interface has "space to breath".
3.1-11
Time characteristics of the communications
chain of a bus system
Slave
Master user Master Data Slave Drive
user
program interface transfer interface (slave1)
program
tmo Tt1 tms tü tss Tt2 tso tx
Slaves
Data
transfer 2 ... n
Total data transfer time: 2 x ( Tt1 + tms + tü + tss + Tt2 ) = Σ T tmo, tso = sampling time
Response time: TR = Σ T + tso + tx
Telegram sequence: TF = tü1 + tü2
tü1 Send time
tü2 Response time
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Time characteristics of the communications
chain of a bus system
Slave
Master user Master Data Slave Drive
user
program interface transfer interface (slave1)
program
tmo Tt1 tms tü tss Tt2 tso tx
Slaves
Data
transfer 2 ... n
Total data transfer time: 2 x ( Tt1 + tms + tü + tss + Tt2 ) = Σ T tmo, tso = sampling time
Response time: TR = Σ T + tso + tx
Telegram sequence: TF = tü1 + tü2
tü1 Send time
tü2 Response time
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The overhead transparency shows the components of a communications

interface between the master and slave where there areprocessing- and
run times.
The time characteristics (behavior) of a drive when controlled via the serial
interface is dependent on many factors, whereby the data transfer time for
data on the bus only represents a very low proportion.
Total data transfer = Time from writing the periphery into the timemaster
up to processing this data in the
slave user program
Response time = Time from writing the periphery into the
master until the command/setpoint
becomes effective at the drive converter
output terminals
Telegram sequence= Time after which a telegram is sent to the
next slave
3.1-12
Communication interface comparison
RS 485 Fiber-optic cable
• Differential voltage interface
• Voltage signal level ±5 V

• Opto pulses
• 2-conductor technology,
• Glass fiber-optic / plastic
twisted two-conductor cable
• Half-duplex transmission • Half-duplex transmission
PROFIBUS X
USS X
Peer to peer X X*
*) presently only for MASTERDRIVES
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Communication interface comparison
RS 485 Fiber-optic cable
• Differential voltage interface
• Voltage signal level ±5 V

• Opto pulses
• 2-conductor technology,
• Glass fiber-optic / plastic
twisted two-conductor cable
• Half-duplex transmission • Half-duplex transmission
PROFIBUS X
USS X
Peer to peer X X*
*) presently only for MASTERDRIVES
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The differential voltage interface for MASTERDRIVES is floating.

A ±5 V signal level means:
Edge change positive and negative Vmax = 5 V
Half-duplex, i.e. sending or receiving (not simultaneously !!!)
PROFIBUS DP can also be implemented using fiber-optic cable
technology. However, today our DP drive converter interfaces exclusively
use RS485. However, some sections of the bus (e.g. in environments
which are subject to strong EMC) can be implemented using fiber-optic
cables (OLMs/OLPs required).
In order to compensate potential differences, for RS485 interfaces, the
slaves (nodes) must be connected with one another (e.g. 16 mm2 for
distances up to 200 m).
Note the configuration guidelines for bus systems!
3.1-13
Comparison of various bus system physical
characteristics
PROFIBUS DP USS Peer to peer
corresponds to EN 50170 * (Universal serial interface protocol) Siemens proprietary protocol to
Siemens proprietary bus protocol connect drives with one another
Physical RS485 2-wire/fiber-optic cable, half- RS485 2-wire/fiber-opt.cable, half-

system duplex, asynchronous duplex, asynchronous
Baud rate 9.6 to 1.500 kbit/s 9.6 / 19.2 / 187.5 kbit/s RS485
9.6 /2-wire/fiber-opt.cable,
19.2 / 187.5 kbit/s half-
duplex, asynchronous
Nodes 2 - 122 (3 repeaters) 2 - 32 2 (max.32 for a parallel cct.)
Length max.10x1000 m (187.5 kbit/s) max. 1000 m max. 1000 m (187.5 kbit /s)
max.10x 200 m (1.5 Mbit/s)
Topology Line / tree Line Point to point
Security HD = 4 HD = 2 HD = 2
Protocol 9 bytes 4 bytes 4 bytes
overhead
Net data 4 / 12 / 20 / 28 bytes 0 .. 252 bytes 2 .. 10 bytes
Interface optional (CB board) Basic converter or option Basic converter or option
* Data on PROFIBUS DP refer to its use in drives, status 10/96
= Equipment-specific
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characteristics
Physical RS485 2-wire/fiber-optic cable, half- RS485 2-wire/fiber-opt.cable, half-

system duplex, asynchronous duplex, asynchronous
Baud rate 9.6 to 1.500 kbit/s 9.6 / 19.2 / 187.5 kbit/s RS485
9.6 /2-wire/fiber-opt.cable,
19.2 / 187.5 kbit/s half-
duplex, asynchronous
Nodes 2 - 122 (3 repeaters) 2 - 32 2 (max.32 for a parallel cct.)
Length max.10x1000 m (187.5 kbit/s) max. 1000 m max. 1000 m (187.5 kbit /s)
max.10x 200 m (1.5 Mbit/s)
Topology Line / tree Line Point to point
Security HD = 4 HD = 2 HD = 2
Protocol 9 bytes 4 bytes 4 bytes
overhead
Net data 4 / 12 / 20 / 28 bytes 0 .. 252 bytes 2 .. 10 bytes
Interface optional (CB board) Basic converter or option Basic converter or option
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The PROFIBUS DP characteristics in this overhead transparency are not

always generally valid, but refer to its use in drive technology, status 10/96.
The light background fields musn't be completely fulfilled for all equipment.
Explanations:
PROFIBUS topology: Line- or tree structure using repeaters.
HD: Hamming distance
Example: HD=4 means that up to 4 areas characters can be
identified in the telegram by the protocol checking
mechanism.
3.1-14
characteristics
Data transfer From the master to the slave From the master to the slave From drive to drive or from
and back, consecutively for and back, consecutively for one drive to many drives
all slaves all slaves
Master 1 - 122 1 -
Broadcast Control commands Conditionally, all drives By connecting receivers in
SYNC / UNSYNC receive the same data parallel
Process data 2 / 6 / 10 words 0 .. 16 words 1 .. 5 words

Parameters 0 / 4 words 0 / 3 / 4 words no
PKW + PZD yes yes no
Net data struc-ture According to the Based on the PROFIBUS Based on the PROFIBUS
and equip-ment PROFIBUS profile for variable- profile and additional profile
response speed drives structures
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characteristics
Data transfer From the master to the slave From the master to the slave From drive to drive or from
and back, consecutively for and back, consecutively for one drive to many drives
all slaves all slaves
Master 1 - 122 1 -
Broadcast Control commands Conditionally, all drives By connecting receivers in
SYNC / UNSYNC receive the same data parallel
Process data 2 / 6 / 10 words 0 .. 16 words 1 .. 5 words

Parameters 0 / 4 words 0 / 3 / 4 words no
PKW + PZD yes yes no
Net data struc-ture According to the Based on the PROFIBUS Based on the PROFIBUS
and equip-ment PROFIBUS profile for variable- profile and additional profile
response speed drives structures
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Data in the light background fields can change depending on the actual
equipment.
Explanations:
Broadcast: All of the bus nodes receive the same information/data
at the same time.
For PROFIBUS DP, SYNC / UNSYNC control commands are transferred
as broadcast telegram.
Today, broadcast is not implemented in our equipment (exception:
MICROMASTER).
3.1-15
Typical applications of the bus systems
EN 50170 * (Universal serial interface protocol) Siemens proprietary protocol to
Applications Automation, operator control Automation, Replaces analog connections

and visualization service and diagnostics between drives
( service and diagnostics )
Typical Automation Parameterization and service Setpoint cascade
application
Typical SIMATIC S7 PC (SIMOVIS)

master IM 308 C (S5) CP524 (S5) and third-party - No master -
SIMADYN-D systems
Typical bus 5 ms (1.5 Mbit/s, 6 words) Approx. 650 ms (19.2 kbit/s,
cycle time for 10 drives connected to an 6 words) for 10 drives - Point to point -
IM 308C connected to CP524
Typical Average value: 20 ms for Average value: 650 ms for 10 3.3 ms (for 6RA24, this
setpoint update 10 drives connected to drives connected to CP524 (6 corresponds to the cycle time
time IM 308-C (PPO1) words) of the drive converter)
Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
Typical applications of the bus systems
EN 50170 * (Universal serial interface protocol) Siemens proprietary protocol to
Applications Automation, operator control Automation, Replaces analog connections

and visualization service and diagnostics between drives
( service and diagnostics )
Typical Automation Parameterization and service Setpoint cascade
application
Typical SIMATIC S7 PC (SIMOVIS)

master IM 308 C (S5) CP524 (S5) and third-party - No master -
SIMADYN-D systems
Typical bus 5 ms (1.5 Mbit/s, 6 words) Approx. 650 ms (19.2 kbit/s,
cycle time for 10 drives connected to an 6 words) for 10 drives - Point to point -
IM 308C connected to CP524
Typical Average value: 20 ms for Average value: 650 ms for 10 3.3 ms (for 6RA24, this
setpoint update 10 drives connected to drives connected to CP524 (6 corresponds to the cycle time
time IM 308-C (PPO1) words) of the drive converter)
Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
For the USS protocol in SIMATIC S5, the bus cycle time corresponds to
the setpoint update time, as the complete CPU program is always involved
in the data transfer per node (slave).
3.1-16
Using the bus systems
Fast process control SIMOVIS (service and Setpoint cascade
RFG functions in the master diagnostics) Master - slave - drive
Frequency setpoint changes Slow basic automation Group functions
functions
Large number of slaves - ON / OFF commands
Multi-motor drive group
Mixed operation of various - occasional setpoint
Load distribution controls
bus components: I/O
modules; drive; actuators changes Field current setpoints for
external field current supplies
Mixed operation of various - no RFG function in the
master
manufacturers
Fast cycle data transfer for In conjunction with peer to
low data quantities peer, also suitable for faster
functions (time critical)
Networks distributed over a
wide area Single-drive control (without
influencing other drives, for
example, pumps and fans
etc.)
Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
Using the bus systems
Fast process control SIMOVIS (service and Setpoint cascade
RFG functions in the master diagnostics) Master - slave - drive
Frequency setpoint changes Slow basic automation Group functions
functions
Large number of slaves - ON / OFF commands
Multi-motor drive group
Mixed operation of various - occasional setpoint
Load distribution controls
bus components: I/O
modules; drive; actuators changes Field current setpoints for
external field current supplies
Mixed operation of various - no RFG function in the
master
manufacturers
Fast cycle data transfer for In conjunction with peer to
peer, also suitable for faster
low data quantities
functions (time critical)
Networks distributed over a
wide area Single-drive control (without
influencing other drives, for
example, pumps and fans
etc.)
Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
3.1-17
Advantages / customer benefits of the various
bus systems
PROFIBUS DP USS Peer- to-Peer
Standardized, open Single bus protocol Communications from drive to

fieldbus Can be simply implemented drive without higher-level PLC
Non-proprietary in third-party systems Variable telegram length from
Extremely fast Available as standard 1 to 5 words
Normalized according to interface in all Siemens Replaces conventional analog

EN 50170 drives connections between drives
Defined telegram No additional costs for Fully-digital ⇒ can be

types ↔ PPOs additional communication reproduced at any time, with
boards no conversion errors
Lower costs for customers Variable telegram length Low wiring costs
due to standardized
planning, generation and
start-up of user systems
Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
Advantages / customer benefits of the various
bus systems
PROFIBUS DP USS Peer- to-Peer
Standardized, open Single bus protocol Communications from drive to

fieldbus Can be simply implemented drive without higher-level PLC
Non-proprietary in third-party systems Variable telegram length from
Extremely fast Available as standard 1 to 5 words
Normalized according to interface in all Siemens Replaces conventional analog
EN 50170 drives connections between drives
Defined telegram No additional costs for Fully-digital ⇒ can be
types ↔ PPOs additional communication reproduced at any time, with
boards no conversion errors
Lower costs for customers Variable telegram length Low wiring costs
due to standardized
planning, generation and
start-up of user systems
Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
Peer-to-peer: This is not a bus system, but a digital connection for

technological applications (processes).
3.1-18
Products
PROFIBUS DP USS Peer to Peer
SIMATIC S5 SIMATIC S5 SIMOREG 6RA24 in the
SIMATIC S7 / M 7 SIMATIC S7 BDC
SIMATIC TI SIMATIC TI As options for
SIMADYN D PC MASTERDRIVES
Master systems TELEPERM M
SIMADYN D T300
PC
T300 from MASTERDRIVES T100
Third-party system
(e.g. Bosch, Allen Bradley) SCB2
SCB1
MASTERDRIVES with CB1 MASTERDRIVES in the
MICROMASTER with OPmP BDC or SCB2 / T100 All of the boards can be
SIMOREG 6RA24 with CB24 MICROMASTER in the operated both as
Slave stations MASTERDRIVES and also
of SIMOVERT PM / 6SE48 BDC
with SS13381 SIMOREG 6RA24 in the as slave drives
drive technology
BDC
SIMOVERT PM / 6SE48
in the BDC
BDC = Basic Drive Converter Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
Products
PROFIBUS DP USS Peer to Peer
SIMATIC S5 SIMATIC S5 SIMOREG 6RA24 in the
SIMATIC S7 / M 7 SIMATIC S7 BDC
SIMATIC TI SIMATIC TI As options for
SIMADYN D PC MASTERDRIVES
Master systems TELEPERM M
SIMADYN D T300
PC
T300 from MASTERDRIVES T100
Third-party system
(e.g. Bosch, Allen Bradley) SCB2
SCB1
MASTERDRIVES with CB1 MASTERDRIVES in the
MICROMASTER with OPmP BDC or SCB2 / T100 All of the boards can be
SIMOREG 6RA24 with CB24 MICROMASTER in the operated both as
Slave stations MASTERDRIVES and also
of SIMOVERT PM / 6SE48 BDC
with SS13381 SIMOREG 6RA24 in the as slave drives
drive technology
BDC
SIMOVERT PM / 6SE48
in the BDC
BDC = Basic Drive Converter Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
3.1-19
Qualitative cost/performance -
comparison of the bus systems
PROFIBUS DP USS Peer-to-peer
parallel
Performance
Performance
Performance
serial
Application costs
Application costs
Application costs
Nodes Nodes Nodes
Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
Qualitative cost/performance -
comparison of the bus systems
PROFIBUS DP USS Peer-to-peer
parallel
Performance
Performance
Performance
serial
Application costs
Application costs
Application costs
Nodes Nodes Nodes
Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
The USS comparison values refer to USS in a SIMATIC S5 with CP524.

Thus, they are only conditionally suitable as standard when comparing the
performance and costs of the USS protocol.
PROFIBUS USS Peer-to-peer
Performance:
P= 1
P = 40 ms + 1n ∗ 40 ms P = 4 ms + 1n 4 ms
15 ms + n ∗ 0,5 ms ∗
Costs:
1
Κ≈ M +n∗x Κ≈ n +M Κ≈ y+n∗y
x = Board price, CB1 / CB24 / OPmP

y = Board price, T100 / SCB2
M = Costs of the master interface
3.1-20
Costs / performance: PROFIBUS DP
Performance
Application costs
Nodes Nodes
Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
Costs / performance: PROFIBUS DP
Performance
Application costs
Nodes Nodes
Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
1
Κ≈ M +n∗x P=
15 ms + n ∗ 0,5 ms
3.1-21
Costs / performance: USS
Performance
Application costs
Nodes Nodes
Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
Costs / performance: USS
Performance
Application costs
Nodes Nodes
Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
Performance- and application costs refer to the USS protocol and its
implementation in a SIMATIC S5 with CP524!
1 1
Κ ≈ P = 40 ms + n
n +M ∗ 40 ms
3.1-22
Costs / performance: Peer-to-peer
parallel
Performance
serial
Application costs
Nodes Nodes
Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
Costs / performance: Peer-to-peer
parallel
Performance
serial
Application costs
Nodes Nodes
Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
Κ≈ y+n∗y P = 4 ms + 1n ∗ 4 ms
3.1-23
Decision-making matrix to select
the correct bus system
Number of nodes, 2
Requirements: Number of nodes, 1
Number of nodes, 3
Min. node number

Min. performance
Performance
USS fulfills the
requirement
PROFIBUS DP
PROFIBUS DP
fulfills the requirement
PROFIBUS DP
Performance 3
Application costs
USS
Performance 2
Performance 1 USS
16 32 48 Nodes
Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
Decision-making matrix to select
the correct bus system
Number of nodes, 2
Requirements: Number of nodes, 1
Number of nodes, 3
Min. node number

Min. performance
Performance
USS fulfills the
requirement
PROFIBUS DP
PROFIBUS DP
fulfills the requirement
Performance 3
PROFIBUS DP
Application costs
USS
Performance 2
Performance 1 USS
16 32 48 Nodes
Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
3.1-24
Features of competitors systems (1)
PROFIBUS DP Interbus_S CAN
Data transfer rate (12000i.V.) 1500, 500,187.5, 500 k baud 1000, 500, 250, 1250 kbaud
93.75, 19.2, 9.6 kbaud (2 Mbaud being prepared)
Bus circulation time for 12 Mbaud: 0,25 ms 1ms 1 Mbaud: 1.3 ms
10 nodes, each 4 bytes 1.5 Mbaud:1.97 ms 500 kbaud: 2.6 ms
125 k baud:10.4 ms
Max. number of nodes 122 slave / master 256 (64 remote bus, 64
8 peripheral bus stations)
Data length of the telegram per 32 bytes (244 bytes being 4 bytes 8 bytes
bus node prepared)
Data transfer security HD=4, erroneous telegrams HD=4, no repeat HD=6
are repeated once
Avail. of field devices (slaves) Many products with increasing Very many products with still only a few products
tendency increasing trend
Availability of master interfaces Few products Many PLC manufacturers few products
for other PLCs/computers (Bosch, PC, slot- PLC) As well as VME bus (AG 100U, PC, Allen Bradley,
Honeyell, GE, VME-Bus)
Market introduction 1992 1987 1987, automobile industry
Significance in Germany Significant Significant still low
Significance outside Germany Average, especially strong

Status 1995 Average Low in the Excellence
USA in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
Data transfer rate (12000i.V.) 1500, 500,187.5, 500 k baud 1000, 500, 250, 1250 kbaud
93.75, 19.2, 9.6 kbaud (2 Mbaud being prepared)
Bus circulation time for 12 Mbaud: 0,25 ms 1ms 1 Mbaud: 1.3 ms
10 nodes, each 4 bytes 1.5 Mbaud:1.97 ms 500 kbaud: 2.6 ms
125 k baud:10.4 ms
Max. number of nodes 122 slave / master 256 (64 remote bus, 64
8 peripheral bus stations)
Data length of the telegram per 32 bytes (244 bytes being 4 bytes 8 bytes
bus node prepared)
Data transfer security HD=4, erroneous telegrams HD=4, no repeat HD=6
are repeated once
Avail. of field devices (slaves) Many products with increasing Very many products with still only a few products
tendency increasing trend
Availability of master interfaces Few products Many PLC manufacturers few products
for other PLCs/computers (Bosch, PC, slot- PLC) As well as VME bus (AG 100U, PC, Allen Bradley,
Honeyell, GE, VME-Bus)
Market introduction 1992 1987 1987, automobile industry
Significance in Germany Significant Significant still low
Significance outside Germany Average, especially strong

Status 1995 Average Low in the Excellence
USA in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
3.1-25
Standardized Europa Standard 50170 DIN E 19258 ISO DIS 11898
Open for other manufacturers Yes Yes Yes
Topology when copper
Line with repeater, also tree Ring Line, star or tree
cables are used
with OML line or ring with
Topology for fiber-optic cables Ring Not possible
star coupler, star
Medium Screened, twisted two-core Screened Screened, twisted two-
cable or fiber-optic cable Six-conductor cable or conductor cable or fiber-
fiber-optic cable optic cable
Interface RS485 RS485 CAN standard
Cable length per bus segement 12 MBaud : max. 100 m
when copper cable is used 1,5 MBaud : max. 200 m max. 400 m (remote bus) There are no bus segments
187,5 kBaud : max. 1000 m
for fiber-optic cable Glass <=1,5 MBaud: max. 2850 m max. 2500 m (remote bus) Not possible
Plastic <=1,5 MBaud: max. 53 m max. 50 m (remote bus) Not possible
Bus system range for max. 12 MBaud : i.V. 1 MBaud : max. 40 m
copper cables max. 1,5 MBaud : 1 km max. 13 km 500 kBaud : max. 100 m
max. 187,5 kBaud : 8 km 125 kBaud : max. 400 m
for fiber-optic cables max. 1,5 MBaud : 17 km max. 22 km Not possible
max. 187,5 kBaud : 24 km
Status 1995
Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
Standardized Europa Standard 50170 DIN E 19258 ISO DIS 11898
Open for other manufacturers Yes Yes Yes
Topology when copper
Line with repeater, also tree Ring Line, star or tree
cables are used
with OML line or ring with
Topology for fiber-optic cables Ring Not possible
star coupler, star
Medium Screened, twisted two-core Screened Screened, twisted two-
cable or fiber-optic cable Six-conductor cable or conductor cable or fiber-
fiber-optic cable optic cable
Interface RS485 RS485 CAN standard
Cable length per bus segement 12 MBaud : max. 100 m
when copper cable is used 1,5 MBaud : max. 200 m max. 400 m (remote bus) There are no bus segments
187,5 kBaud : max. 1000 m
for fiber-optic cable Glass <=1,5 MBaud: max. 2850 m max. 2500 m (remote bus) Not possible
Plastic <=1,5 MBaud: max. 53 m max. 50 m (remote bus) Not possible
Bus system range for max. 12 MBaud : i.V. 1 MBaud : max. 40 m
copper cables max. 1,5 MBaud : 1 km max. 13 km 500 kBaud : max. 100 m
max. 187,5 kBaud : 8 km 125 kBaud : max. 400 m
for fiber-optic cables max. 1,5 MBaud : 17 km max. 22 km Not possible
max. 187,5 kBaud : 24 km
Status 1995
Excellence in
Siemens
Automation & Drives
A&D MC PM 2
3.1-26

The Fieldbus in The Automation Network: Planning Level Process Control Level Cell Level MAP Carrierband MAP Broadband

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The Fieldbus in The Automation Network: Planning Level Process Control Level Cell Level MAP Carrierband MAP Broadband

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The fieldbus in the automation network

MAP Broadband CAD

MAP Broadband CAD Planning

MAP: Manufacturing Automation Protocol CAD = Computer Aided Design

Basic requirements on communications in drive technology!

Refer to overhead transparency 3.1-3 for the data-related implementation!

Parameter data (PKW) Process data (PZD)

Index Parameter value

Additional setpoints / actual values

Main setpoints / actual values

Parameter data (PKW) Process data (PZD)

Index Parameter value

Additional setpoints / actual values

Main setpoints / actual values

Parameter data :Range which is required to fulfill the man-

Parameter : Parameter changes made directly at the PMU'

PKW interface Task transferred to the interface

A differentiation must be made between various data types when reading

from the Bus con-

Setpoints PZD10 3010

CB1 SIMOVERT MASTERDRIVES

PKW Process data (PZD) - actual value

Bus PZD3 P694.3 P694.10

nector PZD5 P694.5

from the Bus con-

Setpoints PZD10 3010

CB1 SIMOVERT MASTERDRIVES

PKW Process data (PZD) - actual value

HIW P694.1 P694.3

Bus PZD3 P694.3 P694.10

nector PZD5 P694.5

Slave Master Excellence in

Slave Master Excellence in

PKE: Parameter ID PZD: Process data

PPO: Parameter Process data Object

PKE: Parameter ID PZD: Process data

PPO: Parameter Process data Object

For PROFIBUS DP when used in drive technology, precisely these 5 PPO

Implemented PPO types:

Note: Standardization of the net data permits standard

PPO: Parameter Process data Object

PPO: Parameter Process data Object

Implemented net data structures:

Parameter Process data interface

Parameter Process data interface

The process data area can contain a maximum of 5 words

SD2 LE LEr SD2 DA SA FC Net data, max 244 bytes FCS ED

SD2 LE LEr SD2 DA SA FC Net data, max 244 bytes FCS ED

STX LGE ADR Net data, max. 252 bytes BCC

STX LGE ADR Net data, max. 252 bytes BCC

tmo Tt1 tms tü tss Tt2 tso tx

Response time: TR = Σ T + tso + tx

tmo Tt1 tms tü tss Tt2 tso tx

Response time: TR = Σ T + tso + tx

The overhead transparency shows the components of a communications

RS 485 Fiber-optic cable

• Differential voltage interface

• Voltage signal level ±5 V