UNIT PLAN

SUBJECT: PHYSICS

STANDARD: VIII

TOPIC: STATIC ELECTRICITY

 UNIT PLAN
SUBJECT: PHYSICS UNIT: STATIC ELECTRICITY
STANDARD: VIII NO. OF PERIODS: 4

CONTENT OBJECTIVES WITH TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS EVALUATION PROCEDURES

ANALYSIS SPECIFICATIONS
LESSON I

1. Static Electricity Definition: (Knowledge): The pupil Teacher explains the meaning and concept of static electricity
defines static electricity. by giving daily life examples. Teacher also tells the students
When charges get separated from
that Static Electricity was the first kind of electricity to be
neutral bodies causing imbalance in
discovered.
them is called Static Electricity

2. Forces of Attraction and (Understanding): The pupil Teacher performs an experiment with two pairs of balloons Answer the Following:
Repulsion summarizes the concept where two are made to rub against wool. This pair when Discuss forces of attraction and
of forces of attraction and brought together go away from each other i.e. they show repulsion in charges.
Activity: Balloon Experiment
repulsion. repulsion. Similarly in the 2nd pair, one is rubbed against wool
Apparatus: Balloon, Wool and hair.
and other against hair, when released come close to each
other i.e. they show attraction.

Teacher explains the presence of three particles in an atom Fill In the Blank
3. Origin of Charges (Application): The pupil Atom consists of electrons, protons and
labels the atom model. (from which matter is made) and their charges (shows a
 Concept of Atom __________.
moving model of atom). Teacher also explains that in normal
 Electrons
conditions the number of electrons and protons is equal and
 Photons Short Note:
hence these matters don’t exhibit any charge (current) when
 Neutrons Origin of Charges
we touch them.
 And occurrence of repulsion &
attraction.
 LESSON 2 Define:
1. Charging by Friction Teacher revises that in the previous class they had seen Charging by Friction
Definition: The charged developed (Understanding): The pupil how the bits of paper got attracted to the plastic comb which
between two bodies due to friction or recalls the previous was rubbed against dry hair (through activity).
rubbing is called as charging by friction. activities (where two We saw the comb was rubbed against the hair. This is
objects were rubbed called Charging by Friction (or rubbing). Whenever a body
Friction: It is the resistance that one against each other to is charged, its electrons are moving in or out of the atom thus
surface or object encounters when produce static electricity). leaving it negatively or positively charged.
moving over another.

2. Charging by Conduction Another method of charging is through conduction. Here

(Application): The pupil the teacher explains that the particle with excess of protons is
Definition: The process of charging an
observes carefully the positively charged and the one with excess of electrons is
uncharged particle by touching it to an
process of charging negatively charged.
electrically charged object is called
through conduction and Now consider a positively charged article (say an
charging by conduction.
sates the direction of aluminum rod) is brought close to another metal with no
Conductor: is a process by which electric current. charge. Here the positive charges of aluminum will flow into
electricity is directly transmitted through the uncharged object and hence charging and giving it a
the material of a substance when there positive charge.
is a difference in the electrical potential Similarly if a negatively charged object (say an iron rod) is
between adjoining regions without brought close to an uncharged metal;
movement of the material. The object that has to be charged should be a good
conductor of electricity. Differentiate Between:
Charging by Conduction and Charging
by Induction
3. Charging by Induction Teacher explains that in this method, no physical contact is
needed between the charged and the uncharged particle. By
Definition: The method of charging an (Understanding): The pupil just bringing the charged particle near enough the uncharged
uncharged body by bringing a charged summarizes the concept one causes redistribution of charges.
body near it is called charging by of transfer of negative Positive Charge: bring a negatively charged body close to
induction. charge from one body to an uncharged metal sphere (mounted on an insulated stand).
another. As we have already seen how like charged repel, electrons in
Induction: It is a redistribution
the metal sphere will move to the other side of the sphere
of electrical charge in an object, caused
leaving only the positive charge near the charged rod. Hence
by the influence of nearby charges.
the side of metal sphere A will become positively charged and
the opposite side i.e B will become negatively charged.
 LESSON 3 Construction: teacher makes an Electroscope in class Define:
consisting of glass vessel fitted with insulating crock through Electroscope
1. Electroscope: Meaning and which a metallic rod passes. Lower end of the rod carries two
Definition (Application): The pupil thin metallic leaves hanging parallel to each other. At the
observes the (virtual) upper end of the rod is a metallic knob. This glass jar is kept
Definition: An electroscopic is a device
demonstration of the on a wooden base.
used for detecting the presence of very
experiment.
weak electrical charge and for
Working: When the knob is charged, its charge travels
determining whether that charge is
through the metal rod to the leaves. As the two leaved get the
positive or negative.
(Skill): The pupil same charge, they repel each other and hence diverge.
constructs an Gold Leaf Electroscope: This electroscope was made using
electroscope. Gold leaves. These electroscopes are highly sensitive.
2. Charging GLE by Conduction
Apparatus: GLE, Ebonite Rod, Wool Answer the Following:
(Knowledge): The pupil Procedure: In this experiment, ebonite rod takes a negative
How does a GLE work?
Conclusion: Charging the electroscope recalls the previous charge when rub against wool. This rod is brought in contact
by conduction leaves the electroscope activities (where two with the knob of the GLE.
with the residual charge Identical to that objects were rubbed
of the charging rod. against each other to Observation: The gold leaves diverge.
produce static electricity).

3. Charging GLE by Induction Procedure: In this experiment, ebonite rod takes a negative Draw a neat labeled diagram:
Apparatus: GLE, Ebonite Rod, Wool (Application): The pupil charge when rub against wool. The rod is brought close to the Gold leaf Electroscope
observes the (virtual) Know of the GLE.
Conclusion: Charging the electroscope experiment carefully and
by conduction leaves the electroscope draws conclusion. Observation- I (absence of Earthing & presence of Rod):
with the residual charge Opposite to When this rod is brought Close to the knob of the GLE the
that of the charging rod. leaves diverge.
Observation- II (presence of Earthing & presence of Rod):
In the presence of the charged rod, leaves collapse.
(Application): The pupil Observation- III (absence of Earthing & absence of Rod):
observes the (virtual) As soon as we remove the earthing and the rod, the leaves
demonstration of the again diverge due to the positive charge.
experiment.
Teacher concludes the topic by telling the students that when
there is a potential difference between the ends of a
conductor, it means that when we charge a conductor, we are
raising or lowering its potential. A neutral body is considered
to be at a zero potential.
 LESSON 4
1. Flow of Charge- Electric Current
(Knowledge): The pupil Teacher discusses with the students that in order to continue Fill in the Blanks:
Conventional Currents:
recalls the concept of the flow, we connect a cell which maintains a constant 1. The upper layer of a cloud consists
Current flowing from positive terminal to
potential difference potential difference. (w.r.t diagram) The end of the conductor of _________ charges.
negative terminal.
between the ends of the connected to the negative terminal of the cell is at a lower 2. Electric current flows from
conductor. potential and the end connected to the positive terminal is at ___________ to __________.
a higher potential.

Such currents are called Conventional Currents.

2. Static Charges in Atmosphere Teacher explains that the phenomenon of Lightning occurs Short Notes:
Lightning during Thunderstorms because of a massive electric charge flowing from cloud to 1. Lightning Conductor
(Knowledge): The pupil
cloud, from one part of the cloud to another or from a cloud to 2. Static charges in atmosphere
 Thunder clouds understands the concept
a ground.
 Spreading of charges within the of occurrence of lightning
The electric charges carried by the thunderclouds are spread
cloud. along with thunderstorms
within the cloud. The lower portion of the cloud generally
 Air as insulator carries negative charges and the upper portion carries
positive charges, These charges keep building up inside the
cloud(video).
But when huge amount of charge builds up in the cloud,
the insulating act of the air breaks and the lightning travels
between two oppositely charged clouds or between cloud and
ground.

3. Lightning Conductors (Understanding): The pupil Teacher shows the students through a video that a lightning Answer the following:
Definition: A metal rod or wire fixed summarizes the concept conductor is a rod which is placed on the top of buildings in How does lightning strike the ground?
to an exposed part of a building or having a lightning order to protect it. Its lower end is connected to a metal plate
other tall structure to divert lightning conductor on the top of a which is buried deep inside the earth with the help of a
harmlessly into the ground. building. conducting wire.
 BLUE PRINT
SUBJECT: PHYSICS TOPIC: STATIC ELECTRICITY

LESSON OBJECTIVES / CONTENT KNOWLEDGE UNDERSTANDING APPLICATION SKILL TOTAL

NO.
S L O S L O S L O S L O
Static Electricity –
1.  Introduction 5
 Forces
 Charge
Charging an Object –
2.  By Friction 5
 By Conduction
 By Induction
Electroscope
 Apparatus 7
3.  Meaning
 Charging
 Flow of Charge
 Static atmospheric charges 8
4.  Lightning Conductors

TOTAL 25

S = SHORT NOTES; L = ONE LINE ANSWER; O = OBJECTIVES