WEB DEVELOPMENT

(ONLINE VOTING WEBSITE)

A Project Submitted
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Degree of
Bachelor In Technology
in
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

by
ANCHAL JHA

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

BABU BANARASI DAS ENGINEERING COLLEGE LUCKNOW
INDIA
JULY,2019
 UNDERTAKING

I declare that the work presented in this project titled “WEB DEVLOPMENT – ONLINE VOTING

WEBSITE”, submitted to the COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPATMENT, BABU BANARASI DAS

ENGINEERING COLLEGE LUCKNOW for the award of the Bachelor of Technology degree in

COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING, is my original work. I have not plagiarized or submitted the

same work for the award of any other degree. In case this undertaking is found incorrect, I accept that my

degree may be unconditionally withdrawn.

JULY,2019
LUCKNOW
________________________________
(ANCHAL JHA)
 CERTIFICATE

Certified that the work contained in the project titled “The Title of Project”, by Student Name, has been

carried out under my supervision and that this work has not been submitted elsewhere for a degree.

Prof. Supervisor Name

Dept. Name
BABU BANARASI DAS ENGINEERING
LUCKNOW
 Preface

The word “vote” means to choose from a list, to elect or to determine. The main goal of voting (in a
scenario involving the citizens of a given country) is to come up with leaders of the people’s choice.

Most countries, INDIA not an exception have problems when it comes to voting. Some of the problems
involved include ridging votes during election, insecure or inaccessible polling stations, inadequate polling
materials and also inexperienced personnel.

This online voting/polling system seeks to address the above issues. It should be noted that with this
system in place, the users, citizens in this case shall be given ample time during the voting periods.
They shall also be trained on how to vote online before the election time.

“ONLINE VOTING SYSTEM” is an online voting technique. In this system people who have citizenship of
INDIA and whose age is above 18 years of age and any sex can give his\her vote online without going
to any physical polling station. There is a database which is maintained in which all the names of
voters with complete information is stored. In “ONLINE VOTING SYSTEM” a voter can use his\her
voting right online without any difficulty. He\She has to be registered first for him/her to vote.
Registration is mainly done by the system administrator for security reasons. The system
Administrator registers the voters on a special site of the system visited by him only by simply
filling a registration form to register voter. Citizens seeking registration are expected to contact the
system administrator to submit their details. After the validity of them being citizens of India has
been confirmed by the system administrator by comparing their details submitted with those in
existing databases such as those as the Registrar of Persons, the citizen is then registered as a voter.

After registration, the voter is assigned a secret Voter ID with which he/she can use to log into the
system and enjoy services provided by the system such as voting. If invalid/wrong details are
submitted, then the citizen is not registered to vote.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is my pleasure to acknowledge you that I have working on a project on WEB

DEVELOPMENT ( online voting website ).

My first sincere appreciation and gratitude goes to Mrs. Saroj Singh for her guidance, constructive
comments, valuable suggestions and inspirations. During making of my Project She helped me
a lot.

All the work done in coming up with this system is dedicated to my family for being
with/part of me in the whole process especially my dear dad and mum who stood by
me in all situations even at the times of financial need.

Finally, I wish to say thanks to all Faculties of BBDEC for helping me a lot.
 INDEX

1. Introduction To Online Voting System

2. Background Of Study

3. Significance Of Study

4. Objective of Project

5. Project Justification

6. Scope of Study

7. Security Issues Of Online Voting

8. General Requirements

9. Problems with Existing Voting Registration System

10. Software and Hardware Required

11. Front-End & Back-End

12. Data Flow Diagram

13. ER Diagram

14. Database Architecture

15. Database Tables

16. Database Queries

17. Conclusion
18. Appendix(Snapshots)
 INTRODUCTION

“ONLINE VOTING SYSTEM” is an online voting technique. In this system people who have
citizenship of INDIA and whose age is above 18 years of age and any sex can give his\her vote
online without going to any physical polling station. There is a database which is maintained
in which all the names of voters with complete information is stored.

In “ONLINE VOTING SYSTEM” a voter can use his\her voting right online without any dificulty.
He\She has to be registered first for him/her to vote. Registration is mainly done by the system
administrator for security reasons. The system Administrator registers the voters on a special
site of the system visited by him only by simply filling a registration form to register voter.
Citizens seeking registration are expected to contact the system administrator to submit their
details. After the validity of them being citizens of India has been confirmed by the system
administrator by comparing their details submitted with those in existing databases such as
those as the Registrar of Persons, the citizen is then registered as a voter.

After registration, the voter is assigned a secret Voter ID with which he/she can use to log into
the system and enjoy services provided by the system such as voting. If invalid/wrong details
are submitted, then the citizen is not registered to vote.
 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
The Online voting system (OVS) also known as e-voting is a term encompassing several different types
of voting embracing both electronic means of counting votes. Electronic voting technology can include
punched cards, optical scan voting systems and specialized voting kiosks (including self contained direct-
recording electronic voting systems or DRE). It can also involve transmission of ballots and votes via
telephones, private computer networks, or the internet.

Online voting is an electronic way of choosing leaders via a web driven application. The advantage of
online voting over the common “queue method” is that the voters have the choice of voting at their own
free time and there is reduced congestion. It also minimizes on errors of vote counting. The individual
votes are submitted in a database which can be queried to find out who of the aspirants for a given
post has the highest number of votes.

This system is geared towards increasing the voting percentage in INDIA since it has been noted that with
the old voting method {the Queue System}, the voter turnout has been a wanting case. With system in
place also, if high security is applied, cases of false votes shall be reduced.

With the “ONLINE VOTING SYSTEM”, a voter can use his\her voting right online without any
difficulty. He\She has to register as a voter first before being authorized to vote. The registration should
be done prior to the voting date to enable data update in the database.

However, not just anybody can vote. For one to participate in the elections, he/she must have the
requirements. For instance, he/she must be a registered citizen i.e. must be 18 and above years old. As
already stated, the project ‘Online Voting' provides means for fast and convenient voting and access to this
system is limited only to registered voters.

Internet voting systems are appealing for several reasons which include; People are getting more used to
work with computers to do all sorts of things, namely sensitive operations such as shopping and home
banking and they allow people to vote far from where they usually live, helping to reduce absenteeism
rate.
 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The main purposes of OVS include:

 Provision of improved voting services to the voters through fast, timely

and convenient voting.

 Reduction of the costs incurred by the INDIAn Electoral Commission

during voting time in paying the very many clerks employed for the
sake of the success of the manual system.

 Check to ensure that the members who are registered are the only ones to
vote. Cases of “Dead People” voting are also minimized.

 Online voting system (OVS) will require being very precise or cost
cutting to produce an effective election management system.

 Therefore crucial points that this (OVS) emphasizes on are listed below.

i. Require less number of staff during the election.

ii. This system is a lot easier to independently moderate the

elections and subsequently reinforce its transparency and
fairness.

iii. Less capital, less effort, and less labor intensive, as the primary
cost and effort will focus primarily on creating, managing, and
running a secure online portal.

iv. Increased number of voters as individual will find it easier and

more convenient to vote, especially those abroad.

Objectives Of The PROJECT

The specific objectives of the project include:

 Reviewing the existing/current voting process or approach in INDIA;

 Coming up with an automated voting system in INDIA;

 Implementing a an automated/online voting system;

 Validating the system to ensure that only legible voters are allowed to vote.
 Project justification
The ONLINE VOTING SYSTEM-INDIA shall reduce the time spend making long queues at
the polling stations during voting. It shall also enable the voters to vote from any part of
the globe as explained since this is an online application available on the internet. Cases of
vote miscounts shall also be solved since at the backend of this system resides a well
developed database using MYSQL that can provide the correct data once it’s correctly
queried. Since the voting process shall be open as early as possible, the voters shall have
ample time to decide when and whom to vote for.

SCOPE OF STUDY
It is focused on studying the existing system of voting in INDIA and to make sure that the
peoples vote is counts, for fairness in the elective positions.
This is also will produce:

 Less effort and less labor intensive, as the primary cost and focus
primary on creating, managing, and running a secure web
voting portal.

 Increasing number of voters as individuals will find it easier and

more convenient to vote, especially those abroad.
 Old Methods Of Voting

1. Paper-based voting: The voter gets a blank ballot and use a pen or a
marker to indicate he want to vote for which candidate. Hand-counted ballots
is a time and labor consuming process, but it is easy to manufacture paper
ballots and the ballots can be retained for verifying, this type is still the most
common way to vote.

2. Lever voting machine: Lever machine is peculiar equipment, and each

lever is assigned for a corresponding candidate. The voter pulls the lever to
poll for his favorite candidate. This kind of voting machine can count up the
ballots automatically. Because its interface is not user-friendly enough, giving
some training to voters is necessary.

3. Direct recording electronic voting machine: This type, which is abbreviated to

DRE, integrates with keyboard; touch screen, or buttons for the voter press to
poll. Some of them lay in voting records and counting the votes is very
quickly. But the other DRE without keep voting records are doubted about its
accuracy.

4. Punch card: The voter uses metallic hole-punch to punch a hole on the blank
ballot. It can count votes automatically, but if the voter’s perforation is
incomplete, the result is probably determined wrongfully.

5. Optical voting machine: After each voter fills a circle correspond to their
favorite candidate on the blank ballot, this machine selects the darkest mark on
each ballot for the vote then computes the total result. This kind of machine
counts up ballots rapidly. However, if the voter fills over the circle, it will lead
to the error result of optical-scan.

Recent years, a considerable number of countries has adopted E-voting for their official elections.
These countries include; America, Belgium, Japan and Brazil.
 SECURITY ISSUES OF ONLINE VOTING
Foreign experience revealed that they are often confronted by security issues while the
online voting system is running. The origin of the security issues was due to not only
outsider (such as voters and attackers) but also insider (such as system developers and
administrators), even just because the inheritance of some objects in the source code are
unsuitable. These errors caused the voting system to crash.

The proposed solutions were correspondingly outlined to hold back these attacks. For
example, to avoid hacker making incursion into the voting system via network, we can
design our system to transmit data without network. Another example is to limit voter
to input particular data, so that we can prevent the command injection from running

Requirements:
1) Registration of the voter is done by ELECTION COMMISION OF INDIA.

2) ELECTION COMMISION OF INDIA can change the information any time

if required.

3) Registration of the Voter depends upon the information filled

by the user.

4) Voter is given a unique ID and PASSWORD.

5) In the DATABASE information of every voter is stored.

6) Database shows the information of every user.

 Problems with the Existing Voter Registration System
The problems of the existing manual system of voting include among others the following:

1. Expensive and Time consuming: The process of collecting data

and entering this data into the database takes too much time and is
expensive to conduct, for example, time and money is spent in
printing data capture forms, in preparing registration stations together
with human resources, and there after advertising the days set for
registration process including
sensitizing voters on the need for registration, as well as time spent on entering this data to
the database.

2. Too much paper work: The process involves too much paper work
and paper storage which is difficult as papers become bulky with the
population
size.

3. Errors during data entry: Errors are part of all human beings; it is
very unlikely for humans to be 100 percent efficient in data
entry.

4. Loss of registration forms: Some times, registration forms get lost

after
being filled in with voters’ details, in most cases these are difficult to follow-up and
therefore many remain unregistered even though they are voting age nationals and
interested in exercising their right to vote.

5. Short time provided to view the voter register: This is a very big
problem since not all people have free time during the given short
period of time to
check and update the voter register.

6. Above all, a number of voters end up being locked out from voting.
 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:

i. MYSQL DBMS- It allows combination, extraction, manipulation and organization of

data in the voters’ database. It is platform independent and therefore can be
implemented and used across several such as Windows, Linux server and is
compatible with various hardware mainframes. It is fast in performance, stable and
provides business value at a low cost.

ii. NetBeans IDE 7.1.2- The NetBeans IDE is an award-winning integrated

development environment available for Windows, Mac, Linux, and Solaris. The
NetBeans project consists of an open-source IDE and an application platform that
enable developers to rapidly create web, enterprise, desktop, and mobile
applications using the Java platform, as well as PHP, JavaScript and Ajax,
Groovy and Grails, and C/C++.

iii. T refox, Google chrome, Opera and Internet Explorer

iv. Reporting Tool i.e. through Data Report.

he NetBeans project is supported by a vibrant developer community and offers

extensive documentation and training resources as well as a diverse selection of third- party
plugins.

v. JAVA coding-This is for advanced user who find PHP codes easy to work with.

vi. Testing- is done via WAMPSERVER.

vii. Web browsers: Mozilla Fi

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
 Microsoft Windows XP Professional SP3/Vista SP1/Windows 7 Professional:

Processor: 800MHz Intel Pentium III or equivalent

Memory: 512 MB

Disk space: 750 MB of free disk space

 Ubuntu 9.10:

Processor: 800MHz Intel Pentium III or equivalent

Memory: 512 MB

Disk space: 650 MB of free disk space

 (BLOCK DIAGRAM)

FRONT – END AND BACK-END

In their most general meanings, the terms front end and back end refer to the initial and the end
stages of a process flow. In software design, the front-end is the part of a software system that deals
with the user, and the back-end is the part that processes the input from the front- end. The
separation of software systems into "front ends" and "back ends" is a kind of abstraction that
helps to keep different parts of the system separated. The general idea is that the front-end is
responsible for collecting input from the user, which can be in a variety of forms, and processing
it in such a way that it conforms to a specification that the back-end can use. The connection of
the front-end to the back-end is a kind of interface.

Front-end and back-end are terms used to characterize program interfaces and services
relative to the initial user of these interfaces and services. (The "user" may be a human being or a
program.) A ”front-end” application is one that application users interact with directly. A "back-
end" application or program serves indirectly in support of the front-end services, usually by being
closer to the required resource or having the capability to communicate with the required
resource. The back-end application may interact directly with the front-end or, perhaps more
typically, is a program called from an intermediate program that mediates front- end and back-end
activities. These terms acquire more special meanings in particular areas:-

(1)For software applications, front end is the same as user interface.

(2)In client/server applications, the client part of the program is often called the
front end and the server part is called the back end.

(3) Compilers, the programs that translate source code into object code, are
often composed of two parts: a front end and a back end. The front end is responsible
for checking syntax and detecting errors, whereas the back end performs the actual
translation into object code.
Data Flow Diagram:

Administrator Voter

Login
Login Process
 Voter Voting
Information Final
Registration process
checking
Result

voter data stored data voting data final result

Administrator
Election
Commissioner
 ER Diagram:

Voter Registration Candidates

Process

Registered Voter Database Registered Candidate

Add Voters Voting

Add Candidates

Update Voter Update Candidate

Details
ADMIN Details

Delete Candidate

Check Results
 Architecture:

One Tier Architecture:

When automation first hit business, it was in the form of a huge "Mainframe" computer.
Here, a central computer served the whole business
community and was accessed via dumb terminals. All processing took place on a single computer -
and therefore in one place. All resources associated with the computer (tape and disk drives,
printers etc.) were attached to this same computer. This is single tier (or 1-tier) computing. It is
simple, efficient, uncomplicated, but terribly expensive to run.

All users run their programs from a single machine. The ease with which deployment and even
development occurs makes this model very attractive. The
cost of the central machine makes this architecture prohibitive for most companies, especially as
system costs and return on investment (ROI) are looked at carefully nowadays.
Data Base Tables:-

This project uses many tables:

Admin
Voter
Candidate

Admin Table:-

Field Name Data Type Description

Username Varchar Login id for Admin.(Primary

key)
Password Varchar Password for Login

Voter Table:-

Field Name Data Type Description

VoterId Integer Login id for Voter(Primary key)

Name Varchar Name of the voter

Sex Varchar Sex of voter

Age Integer Age of voter

 City Varchar City of voter

Security Varchar Security Question

Status Boolean Status of voter(he/she can vote

or
not)

Candidate Table:-

Field Name Data Type Description

Symbol Varchar Party Symbol (Primary key)

Name Varchar Name of the voter

Sex Varchar Sex of voter

Age Integer Age of voter

City Varchar City of voter

Count Integer Count the no of votes

UserName Password

Nitin 123456

Page Admin

Voter Id
Administrator

Sample Voter Id
CONCLUSION

This Online Voting system will manage the Voter’s information by which voter can login
and use his voting rights. The system will incorporate all features of Voting system. It provides the
tools for maintaining voter’s vote to every party and it count total no. of votes of every party.
There is a DATABASE which is
maintained by the ELECTION COMMISION OF INDIA in which all the names of voter with complete
information is stored.

In this user who is above 18 year’s register his/her information on the database and
when he/she want to vote he/she has to login by his id and password and can vote to any
party only single time. Voting detail store in database and the result is displayed by
calculation. By online voting system
percentage of voting is increases. It decreases the cost and time of voting process. It is very easy to
use and It is vary less time consuming. It is very easy to debug.
APPENDIX :

SNAPSHOTS
References
[1] INTRODUCTION TO WEB DEVELOPMENT TRAINING at www.tutorialpoint.com
[2] HTML & CSS training tutorial at www.udemy.com

[3] PHP training & tutorial at www.udemy.com

[4] WORKING WITH DATABASE AND STRUCTURE at www.udemy.com

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