Linear Motion Intro

s=m
vo = m/s
v1 = m/s
a = m/s2
t=s

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Question:Time trial
Tuesday, 12 March 2013
5:44 PM

Q5: A cyclist covers 40.5 km in 56 minutes and 28 seconds. What

was his speed?

Velocity = Distance / Time

V=S/t
t = 56*60+28 = 3388 s
V = 40500/3388 = 11.954 m/s
(11.954*3.6 = 43.0344 km/h)

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Linear Motion Formulas & Examples
Tuesday, 22 February 2011
9:25 PM
CONSTANT ACCELERATION FORMULAS

A car starts from rest and accelerates in a straight line at

1.6 m/s2 for 10 seconds.

1. What is its final speed?

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 1. What is its final speed?

Use V1 = V0 + a*t
V1 = 0 + 1.6 * 10 = 16 m/s

2. How far has it travelled in this time?

Use eqn 5...
S = V0*t + 0.5 * a * t^2
S = 0 + 0.5 * 1.6* 10 ^ 2 = 80 m

If the brakes are then applied and it travels a further 20m

before stopping;
Separate Question!!!!! Start over....

3. What is the deceleration (retardation)?

Find a
We have S, V0, V1, want a (without a t)
Equation 8 looks suitable;

a = (V1^2 - V0^2) / (2*s)

= ( 0 - 16 ^ 2) / (2 * 20 )
= -6.4 m/s2

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Linear Motion Examples 2
Thursday, 24 February 2011
12:12 PM

Q7: The maximum traverse (travel) speed of this router is

770 mm/s. If acceleration is 2.9 m/s², how much time would
it take get up to full speed?

Max speed = 770 mm/s = 0.77 m/s

Accel = 2.9 m/s2
Time to full speed?

t = (V1-V0) / a
t = (0.77-0)/2.9 = 0.2655 s

Going 71 km/h, stops in 5.1s. Find deceleration.

71 km/h = 71000 m/h = 71000/3600 = 19.7222 m/s

1 m/s = 3.6 km/h

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a = (0 - 19.7222)/ 5.1 = -3.8671 m/s2

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Linear Motion Examples 3
Tuesday, 8 February 2011
6:19 PM

TEXT: P180 Q13.4

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 Q 13:10. Train at rest, accel at 0.8m/s2 for 25s, then
const vel for 77.5s, then retards for 20s to stop. Find total
distance travelled.

Pasted from <http://www.ejsong.com/mdme/MEMmods/MEM23041A/dynamics/linear_motion.html>

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Q13: A conveyor
Tuesday, 3 February 2015
7:35 PM

Q13: A conveyor belt accelerates at 0.23 g. Once it

reaches a maximum speed of 1.7 m/s it continues for
12 seconds. It decelerates at 0.4 g. What was the total
distance?

Stage 1: Accelerating

S Vo V a t
a = 0.23 * 9.81 = 2.2563 m/s2
Vo = 0 m/s
V = 1.7 m/s
V2 = Vo2 + 2as
V2 - Vo2 = 2as
s = (V2 - Vo2 )/2a = (1.7^2-0)/(2*2.2563) = 0.6404 m
t?
V=Vo + at
T = (V-Vo)/a = (1.7-0)/2.2563 = 0.7534 secs

Stage 2: Constant

S Vo V a t

S = 0.5*(V + Vo) * t
= 0.5*(1.7 + 1.7) * 12 = 20.4 m

Stage 3: Decelerating

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S Vo V a t

a= -0.4*9.81 = -3.924 m/s2

V2 = Vo2 + 2as
V2 - Vo2 = 2as
s = (V2 - Vo2 )/2a = (0^2-1.7^2)/(2*-3.924 ) = 0.3682 m
V=Vo + at
t = (V-Vo)/a = (0-1.7)/-3.924 = 0.4332 secs

Total distance = 0.6404 + 20.4 + 0.3682 = 21.4086 m

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Linear motion Examples 4
Thursday, 31 March 2011
1:28 PM

You cannot take average since they are for different amounts of
TIME.
Add the 2 journeys, then get total time.
Convert to m/s
UPHILL: 19 km/h / 3.6 = 5.2778 m/s
DOWNHILL: 61/3.6 = 16.9444 m/s
UPHILL: Find time: v=s/t so t = s/v = 3900/ 5.2778 = 738.94 s
DOWNHILL: t = s/v = 3900/16.9444 = 230.16 s
Total time: 738.94+230.16 = 969.1 s
So average velocity: v=s/t = (2*3900)/969.1 = 8.0487 m/s
Convert km/h: 8.0487*3.6 = 28.9753 km/h

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STAGE 1: a = 0.37g = 0.37*9.81 = 3.6297
m/s2
V1 = 1.9 m/s
Use v12 = v02 +2as
(v12 - v02 ) / 2a = s
S = (1.9^2 - 0 ) / (2*3.6297) = 0.4973 m
V = v0 + at
t = V/a = 1.9 / 3.6297 = 0.5235 s
(Check: area = 1/2 *b*h
= 1/2 * 0.5235 *1.9 = 0.4973 m
Check accel: slope = y/x = 1.9/0.5235 = 3.6294

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 = 1/2 * 0.5235 *1.9 = 0.4973 m
Check accel: slope = y/x = 1.9/0.5235 = 3.6294

STAGE 2: a=0
v=s/t
S = v*t
S = 1.9 * 12 = 22.8 m
(check: area = bh = 12*1.9 = 22.8 )

STAGE 3:
Use v12 = v02 +2as
(v12 - v02 ) / 2a = s
S = (0 - 1.9^2) / (2*-0.39*9.81) = 0.4718 m
Find t: V1 = v0 + at so t = 0-V0/a
T = -1.9/(-0.39*9.81) = 0.4966 s
Check: area = 0.5 *0.4966*1.9 = 0.4718
Ooops: check:
v=v0+at = 1.9 +-0.39*9.81*0.4966 = 0.0001

Total distance:
S tot = 0.4973 + 22.8 + 0.4718 = 23.7691 m

Check:

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Gravity
Monday, 3 August 2015
7:56 PM

In gravity questions, a = g (i.e. 9.81 m/s2)

Throw a ball at 100km/h (vertical). How high does it go?

Convert velocity to m/s

V = 100/3.6 = 27.7778 m/s

Now get the right equation (no time)

Cheat (using the equations):

sin(90) = 1
H = 27.7778^2*1/(2*9.81)
Re-arrange eqn 6 to find S… = 39.3275 m
S = (v12-v02)/2a
= (0^2 - 27.7778^2)/(2*-9.81)
= 39.3275 m

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Trajectories
Monday, 27 July 2015
9:07 PM

Assume Vo = 20m/s at 60 degs

Vx = 20*cos(60) = 10.0 m/s
Vy = 20 * sin(60) = 17.320508 m/s
Now solve for vertical component only:

V12 = V02 + 2*a*s

s = (V12 - V02 )/2a
= (0-17.320508^2 )/(2*-9.81)
= 15.29052

V1 = V0 + at
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V1 = V0 + at
t = (V1 - V0) /a
= (17.320508)/9.81
= 1.765597 s

S = 0.5*(10 + 10)*1.765597
= 17.65597 m

Total Height = 15.29052 m

Total Time = 1.765597*2 = 3.531194 s
Total Range = 17.65597*2 = 35.31194 m

Time of Flight = 2*20*sin(60)/9.81 = 3.531194 s

Max Height = (20^2*(sin(60))^2 )/(2*9.81) = 15.290519m
Horizontal range = 20^2*sin(2*60)/9.81 = 35.311943m

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 HR

(Sin(a)) ^2

(Sin(2*a))

HR = (v02 * sin(2*ang) ) / g
(g*HR)/(sin(2*ang)) = v02
Convert to radians if you have to - like when using OneNote or
Excel...(otherwise use degrees if your calculator is in degree mode).
ang = 45 degs
v02 = (9.81*2500)/(sin(2*45)) = 24525
So V0 = 24525^0.5 = 156.6046 m/s
Convert km/h: 156.6046 *3.6 = 563.7766 km/h

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 Definition of Radian: radius = arc length
Take a full circle:
full circle of angle = 2R
2radians = 360o
1 Radian = 180/ = 57.2958o

SAME:
Arcsin
HR = (v2 * sin(2*ang) ) / g Asin
HR*g / v2 = sin(2*ang) sin-1
sin(2*ang) = HR*g / v2
2*ang = sin-1(HR*g / v2)
ang = sin-1(HR*g / v2) / 2
= sin-1 (2600 * 9.81/224^2) / 2
= 0.5332 / 2
= 0.2666 rad
Or ang = 0.2666*180/pi = 15.28 degs

Arrow shot horizontally

Finding vertical drop.

1. Find t for arrow to reach target.
2. Use linear motion in vertical (free-fall)
S = 0.5*g*t2

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