Research Notes

Types of Quantitative Research
Nature of Quantitative Research Two aspects of Correlation

The aim of quantitative research is to examine the relationships between  Direction (Positive or Negative)
variables.  Magnitude (Weak or Strong)
It conducts the inquiry in unbiased or objective manner.
Types of variables
• Independent
• Dependent
• Extraneous
*Determine the relationship between one thing (an independent variable)

and another (a dependent or outcome variable) in a population It analyzes
numbers using statistics.
Correlation IS NOT Causation
The Effectiveness of Infographic Material on the Toilet Training of
Elementary Students Experimental Design
Poster- Independent Variable It uses the scientific method to establish cause-effect relationship among a
Hand Washing- dependent group of variables in a research study.
Two types of group
Types Quantitative Design  Experimental Group- gets the treated to the variable we are
Non-experimental studying. Ex. Group who will watch violent film
Experimental  Control Group- doesn’t get treatment. Ex. Who will watch non-
violent film
Descriptive Design
 It seeks to describe the current status of a variable. Characteristics of Experimental Design
 Data collection is mostly observational in nature.
Two Types RANDOMIZATION
• Cross sectional- different groups are surveyed and compared at one Participants being assigned to either receive (experimental group) or not
time. receive (control group), the treatment condition or intervention (IV).
• Longitudinal Study- – groups are surveyed and re-surveyed for
series of period of time. (observing if there’s any changes in their MANIPULATION
behavior) Manipulation is the process of maneuvering the IV, so that its effect on the
dependent variable (D.V) can be observed/measured.
Example: CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT APPROACHES IN DEALING WITH *Researcher gives intervention to experimental group and withholds it to
DEVIANT BEHAVIORS: BASIS FOR INTEGRATED THEMATIC MATERIAL FOR the control group or administers some other treatment. E.g. Gentle message
HOMEROOM GUIDANCE is effective as a pain relief measures for elderly.
Correlational Design
It explores the relationship between variables using statistical analyses.
CONTROL STEP 1
Control is for elimination of bias. Control group refers to a group of subjects, Ask yourself these questions and make note of the answers:
whose performance is used to evaluate the performance of experimental What is my paper about?
group on same D.V. What techniques / designs will be used?
Who are the participants?
Types of Experimental Research What will be the possible result?
 True Experimental Research
 Quasi-Experimental Research
What is my paper about?
 Pre-Experimental Research
My study will try to develop a cork board made from coco peat.
What techniques / designs will be used?
I will use quantitative developmental research. I will determine the potential

of coco peat as primary material of cork board.
Who are the participants?
What will be the possible result?
Alternative and cheaper version of cork board using coco peat.
STEP 2
Use your answers to list key words.
Coco peat
Corkboard
Quantitative Developmental Study
Alternative Material
RESEARCH TITLE STEP 3

The title summarizes the main idea or ideas of your study. A good title Create a sentence that includes the key words you listed.
contains the fewest possible words needed to adequately describe the This study aims to develop an alternative material for cork board production
content and/or purpose of your research paper. using coco peat. Quantitative research under developmental study will be
utilized as a research design.
Simple steps on how to write a good research title
STEP 4
Topic: Cork board made from coco peat Delete all unnecessary/ repetitive words and link the remaining
This study aims to develop an alternative material for cork board production SAMPLE
using coco peat. Quantitative research under developmental study will be DEVELOPMENT OF LPG QUICK LEAK DETECTION SYSTEM: RISK REDUCTION
utilized as a research design. DEVICE
STEP 5 Background of the Study

Delete non-essential information and reword the title.
This study aims to develop an alternative material for cork board production Introduction or general knowledge
using coco peat. Quantitative research under developmental study will be In modern time issues of security can be very crucial. Crime and accidents
utilized as a research design. reported daily and people are encouraged to be cautious in whatever they
do. But what is more alarming are the reports of fires that were started
from explosions due to Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) leaks. Furthermore,
A Developmental Study on Coco peat as Alternative Material for Cork board LPG cylinders are very commonly used in the household as a cooking gas
Simple steps to write a good research paper title and also as fuel in motor vehicles. In spite of safety guidelines accidents may
STEP 1: Ask questions and make note of the answers. always occur which are fatal.
STEP 2: Use your answers to list key words. Body of the article
According to Anchan (2015) LPG cylinders are something that most
STEP 3: Create a sentence that includes the key words you listed. people utilize to cook their meal. Based from the record of Bureau of fire
protection, there were twelve million LPG in the market that majority of the
STEP 4: Delete all unnecessary/ repetitive words and link the consumer utilize. And the demand on LPG products are still increasing
remaining terms. despite of its unstable price hike. According to Nongon (2016) LPG is still a
widely used fuel commodity in the Philippines.
STEP 5: Delete non-essential information and reword the title.
Arising problem
Background of the Study However, defective and substandard LPG cylinders are also rampant
 This is the introduction of your research paper. This includes an in the business which pose greater risk on the safety of the public, as it is
explanation of the area of your research to set context for the problem considered as second leading causes of fire incident in the country. Sunay
at hand. and Jaiswal (2014) said that the defective cylinder valve in the knob of the
 This includes a related article in which you explain what previous studies cylinder caused leaks and subsequent explosion; and by exerting a strong
state about the topic, discuss recent developments on the topic, and force in turning the cylinder’s valve, it becomes “loose thread”, a condition
identify the gap in literature that has led to your study. wherein leaks occur. Fire Superintendent Agono (2015) of Laguna stated
 You should also explain the problem that the study addresses and give a that LPG is considered as high hazard commodity.
brief account of the history of the problem mentioning whether it has
been addressed in any form before. This will lead up to the research Rationale of the researcher on conducting the study
question and the aims of your study. Securing life and property from LPG leakage is so hard to determine.
Users should not wait for it to occur and prevention is more important in
securing both life and property. For these reasons the researchers plan to
build a useful device that can help the users to detect gas leak in LPG
cylinder.
The aim of the researcher

This is why the researchers will develop a LPG Quick Leak Detection
System, a risk reduction device that meant to detect any gas leak from LPG
cylinder which will immediately alarm the user. Using this propose device
the LPG user can make immediate action that will prevent any fire incident
related to LPG leakage.
The Structure of Background of the Study

 Introduction or general knowledge
 Body of the article
 Arising problem
 Rationale of the researcher on conducting the study
 The aim of the researcher

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Types of Quantitative Research

Nature of Quantitative Research Two aspects of Correlation

*Determine the relationship between one thing (an independent variable)

What techniques / designs will be used?

I will use quantitative developmental research. I will determine the potential

Who are the participants?

What will be the possible result?

Alternative and cheaper version of cork board using coco peat.

RESEARCH TITLE STEP 3

STEP 5 Background of the Study

The aim of the researcher

The Structure of Background of the Study

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