Chapter - 1: Dept. of EEE, EPCET 1
Chapter - 1: Dept. of EEE, EPCET 1
Chapter - 1: Dept. of EEE, EPCET 1
INTRODUCTION
The objective of this is to give a summary about the fundamental theory research
of the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). First, we will discuss the governing equation,
equivalent circuit model, and simulation method. Then, the basic output characteristics (open-
circuit voltage, short-circuit transferred charges, and inherent capacitance) of four fundamental
TENG modes are discussed in detail. Finally, based on the above basic information, we will
discuss some advanced TENG structures and optimization techniques for each fundamental of
TENG
Besides, it’s valuable to note that the inherent impedance of TENG mainly comes
from its inherent capacitance. For a rationally designed TENG, the internal resistance is close to
infinity mainly for the excellent insulation between the two electrodes. So in the first-order
equivalent circuit model, this resistance was not included.
Finally, we want to briefly discuss the comparison of TENG with traditional
electromagnetic induction generators. First, their fundamental operating principles are different:
TENGs rely on the conjugation effect of contact electrification and electrostatic induction while
electromagnetic induction generators rely on the electromagnetic induction. Second, TENGs are
inherently capacitive and the internal resistance for rational designed TENGs is close to infinity.
Their internal high impedance is mainly from their small inherent capacitance. However,
electromagnetic induction generators are inherently resistive and their internal resistance is much
lower than the impedance of TENGs. Third, the equivalent circuit model for TENGs is a serial
connection of an ideal voltage source with a capacitor while that for electromagnetic induction
generators is a serial connection of an ideal voltage source with a resistor. In summary, TENGs
are high-impedance charge sources and electromagnetic generators are low-resistance voltage
sources.