Background of The Study A. History
Background of The Study A. History
Background of The Study A. History
A. HISTORY
The Philippines has one of the highest crime rates across the globe. From petty
crimes like pickpocketing and shoplifting that plagues the mundane urban setting to
the most heinous of crimes of murder, human trafficking, and government
corruption that brings about social unsettlement. Violent crimes are common with
the widespread and lax issuance of guns to individuals; furthermore, the high index
of poverty in the country drives these individuals or gangs to resort to extremes like
robbery and heists, kidnapping for ransom money, and partaking in illegal trades.
With the intervention of the police and other disciplinary forces, these crimes are
quelled and violators are sent to prisons to wait or to serve their sentences. Prisons
and penitentiary facilities serves as correctional spaces for criminals to stay in a
given amount of time depending on the gravity of their crimes. This is necessary
before they are reintegrated as fully-functioning individuals in line with the society’s
ideals and its relative moral compass; however, criminals are treated as outcasts and
are sent to rot in these jails without any intent of “correcting” them. This brings us to
the question why do we view criminals as outcasts of society, and how the designs
of these correctional facilities contribute to this perception.
There are existing jails in the Philippines that have included livelihood
programs in the rehabilitation process for the inmates. However, most of these jails
do not have these types of programs. Given the situation, designers have an essential
role in improving the conditions of penitentiary facilities because of their direct
involvement in planning, designing and constructing facilities.
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The study will help the architecture profession to develop existing plans and
propose new ideas in enhancing detention and correctional facilities that is
conducive to its main purpose - to confine and rehabilitate prisoners.
D.1. Objectives
D.1.3 To incorporate design schemes that are functional and ergonomic for
the inmates and to introduce architectural landscape, structural or
construction techniques.
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E. SCOPE AND DELIMINATION OF THE STUDY
The study will contain the research which includes the introduction of new
technologies, psychological development theories as well as space and landscape
design for the facility to fully aid in the rehabilitation of the inmates. The project
will concentrate mainly on designing a facility that focuses on correcting inmates
and change their image in the society once released, by implementing psychological
and architectural design solutions.
The proposed correctional facility will help the prisoners develop a new life
after the rehabilitation process. This may change the views of the people to the
ex-convict.
G. DEFINITION OF TERMS
Prison - a building in which people are legally held as a punishment for a crime
they have committed or while awaited trail.
Prisoner - A person legally held in prison as a punishment for crimes they have
committed or while awaiting trial.
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CHAPTER 2 | METHODOLOGY
I. SOURCES OF DATA
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internet, interviews from concerned individuals and professionals who are proficient
on the proposed project and executing analysis.
Burgos is bounded to the north by South China Sea; Bangui in the east and in the
south, Pasuquin and Vintar. It has a total land area of Burgos has a total land area of
129.8 square kilometers and is composed of 11 barangays.
It is situated in the north coast of Ilocos Norte. Burgos has the largest wind farm
in the Philippines.
a) Library Research
From previous thesis books and available books that are relevant to the
study.
b) Internet Research
The internet contributed a big help in the research method by having access
to different articles, innovations and design guidelines with regards the project.
c) Site Visit
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d) Consultations
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CHAPTER 3 | TERMS AND REFERENCES
Correctional Facility
Correctional facility is a term that may be used to refer to a jail, prison, or other
place of incarceration by government officials. They serve to confine and rehabilitate
prisoners and may be classified as minimum, medium, or maximum security
facilities, or contain separate divisions for such categories of prisoners.
Normalization
The trend towards normalization is based on the belief that prisons should reflect
the best of society’s values. There is no reason to diminish dignity for both inmates
and officers when the right of movement is removed. Operating within a range of
security levels, the trend is moving towards a classification system that allows inmates
to be housed in the least restrictive environment possible based on an individual’s
comportment and documented security threat level. It should be noted that
normalization has been proven to be more effective, less expensive, and is supported
by the majority of prison officers.
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denied the right to vote, the Canadian government actually brings voting booths into
correctional facilities, respecting the right of all individuals to participate in the
democratic process.
Technology
The second emerging trend is the heightened use of technology that goes hand in hand
with the trend of normalization. Historically, prisons have been more electronically
integrated than even hospitals and the trend to leverage technology continues to move
quickly. Today this includes contraband control (anything prohibited from cellphones,
to drugs, to weapons), movement within the facility, visitation, and parole hearings, as
well as access to family and friends: a crucial component of normalizing the inmate
experience.
Community Involvement
There is growing awareness that prisons should not be the end of the road but rather
part of the solution. Prisons are an integral part of the community that provides a
service–just as libraries and hospitals provide services. While inmates are not allowed
to leave the premises, that should not mean the community cannot enter the facility.
To that point, prisons are being designed to not only incarcerate individuals but more
importantly, to welcome the community into the prison as part of the rehabilitative
process.
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This is an important trend, not only for the incarcerated individuals but for the
community which will be accepting many of these individuals back into their midst.
Launched its bag-making. A brainchild project of Gov. Hilario Davide III and his
wife Jobel, tarpaulins used in campaign posters are recycled by turning them into
grocery bags.
Twice the size of Paris, the open air Iwahig Prison Penal Farm offers a unique
approach to reforming criminals. The Ihawig Prison and Penal Farm in the Philippines
is one of the world’s largest open-air jails. Instead of concrete walls, the prison is
surrounded by a wire fence. A single guard at the entrance gate greets tourists and
criminals’ relatives without inspecting them. As many as 200 minimum-security
inmates are responsible for farming and office-related work, as well as for supervising
the tasks of the medium-security inmates. Nearly 1,000 of the latter, who wear blue
T-shits, take care of the rice paddies, coconut plantations , corn fields and vegetable
plots scattered across the prison grounds.
3. Camarines Norte
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There are windows to let the sunlight into the bungalows and a veranda where the
women residents can chat with each other while watering the plants. Others sit in the
shaded part of the garden crocheting or sewing. In Davao City Female Jain in the
southern Philippines, called the Ray of Hope Village, there are no cells. During the
day, the women are free to move about the 5,400 square-metre jail compound , doing
livelihood projects. In the afternoon, they can receive visitors. At night, they retire to
their bungalows.
5. Tagum City
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CHAPTER 4 | SITE SELECTION
SITE SELECTION
SPECIFIC CRITERIA
1. Is the site to be large enough to hold all the required facilities and amenities
of the proposed correctional facility?
2. Would the proposed location be an ideal location for the proposed project?
4. Would the proposed project make a good impression to the people and other
users considering the site where the proposed project is located?
GENERAL CRITERIA
2. Will the proposed project have an effect to the current tourism status of the
municipality?
3. Are the major utility systems present within the vanity of the proposed site?
The proposed project is a beach lot and is away from the central business district.
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SITE JUSTIFICATION
The proponent of the proposed project is a private owner, the late Maj. Douglas
B. Segundo a former soldier during the presidency of the Late Presidet Ferdinand E.
Marcos. The proposed project is in connection with the field of expertise of the
proponent. Further justifications of the project will be presented clearer within this
research through the different maps and diagrams inserted in this research book.
PRESENT
SITE NO. LOT OWNER LOCATION AREA
STATUS/USE
Douglas B.
Pagali, Burgos Agricultural 30,000 sq.m
Segundo
SITE DATA
1. Physical Profile
The winter monsoon usually first affects the Philippines in October as a weak
stream, attaining a maximum strength in January. It gradually weakens in March
and finally disappears in April. The northeast monsoon starts as a continental
polar air mass with a low temperature of about 20°C and a low humidity. As it
passes over the Pacific it transformed into a maritime polar air mass with a
surface temperature of about 25°C. The air stream has a moderate temperature
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inversion at about 1.5 kilometers. Although its temperature and its humidity are
only slightly lower than those of other air streams, most of the water content is
confined to the lower layer below the inventions, while above the inversion layer
dry.
The surface airflow over the Philippines in January under influence of the
northeast monsoon is generally steady. As times it may pulsate in surges or
outburst. At the times it is very weak stream and in extreme eases it may be
interrupted by hills.
The southwest monsoon is warm and very humidity is rarely below 70% near
the surface. Its temperature near the surface is generally between 25.5°C. Its
relative humidity is rarely below 70% near the surface. Its temperature profile
shows no pronounced inversion and is quite unstable, it is characterized by
frequent convective activity.
SUNRISE/SUNSET
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The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. The proposed project site faces
agricultural lands on the southern, eastern and western part of the site.
EXISTING VEGETATION
There is existing vegetation and pasture site within the area that is currently being
used as an agricultural land.
SOIL
SLOPE
CLIMATE
The municipality has the same climate as that of other towns of the province. The
short west season starts from May and ends in the early part of October. The dry
season occurs during the rest of the year. The average annual temperature is 27.25°C
and its relatively humidity is 75.55%. The coolest months are December, January and
February and the average annual rainfall is 60.3 inches.
SITE UTILITIES
A. Electric System
B. Telephone System
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There is no wired telephone systems within the area, at present. The area
could be accessible by major mobile communication companies such as SMART
Telecommunications and GLOBE Telecommunications.
C. Water Supply
SUPPORT FACILITIES
B. Communication System
Burgos is a 5th class municipality and one of the progressing town of Ilocos
Norte. The major attraction of the town is the magnificent light house located on
top of a hill and still being used as of today.
G. Financial Establishments
H. Infrastructure
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MAPS
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BRIEF HISTORY OF BURGOS
Burgos is bounded to the north by South China Sea; Bangui in the east and in
the south, Pasuquin and Vintar. It has a total land area of Burgos has a total land area
of 129.8 square kilometers and is composed of 11 barangays.
It is situated in the north coast of Ilocos Norte. Burgos has the largest wind
farm in the Philippines.
The town was first known as Nagparitan, the early inhabitants were called
Mumburi and known as a wild and fierce people who prevented the Christianized
natives from settling in the vicinity. When the Spaniards came to the area, the people
staged a revolt, captured the priest and mutilated his body. Because of this incident,
the Spaniards change the name of Nagparitan, meaning prohibit, to Nagpartian
which means the place of slaughter.
In 1903, Nagpartian was then fused with the Municipality of Bangui because
of the unstable condition due to low collection of government taxes. On February 28,
1914, by virtue of a legislative act, Nagpartian was renamed Burgos in honor of one
of the three martyred priest, Fr, Jose Burgos. Seńor Juan Ignacio was the first
Presidente Municipal of the town.
GEOGRAPHY OF REGION 1
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REGINAL ECONOMY
Despite the relative scarcity of suitable land for cultivation, Region 1 is primarily an
agricultural area. Virginia tobacco, rice and vegetable are the most important crops grown.
The gross regional product (GRP) for 1975 was 2.2 billion pesos. In 1976 it rose to 3.2
billion pesos or 4.4% of the gross national product.
Land Use. The region’s total land area or 2.2 million hectares. 906, 166 hectares or
less than half, are classified as alienable public forest. About 744, 671 hectares or 34.5%
are fist-class agricultural land; 6.1% are best for perennial crops; 59.4% are steep; 30%
sloped and higher.
Agriculture. Almost 60% or Region 1’s total labor force were engaged in agriculture
(fishing, food and commercial crop production, hunting, forestry, live-stock and poultry
raising) as of 1975, a separate study by the Bureau of Agriculture Economics (Barrio
Screening Survey, August December 1974) reported that 360,718, or 60.3 percent, of
household in region 1 are classified farming household, Pangasinan had 43.4 % of the
region total farming’s household, Ilocos Norte 12.5%.
Fisheries. The proximity of the West Philippine Sea provides the Ilocos Region with
an important economic and food resources for 3.3 million people. How more than half of
the regions fish supply comes from the land fisheries. Total fishery production in 1975 was
24,360.7 metric tons, consisting of 54% caught from inland fisheries and 46% contributed
by marine fisheries. The total value was estimated at 136 million pesos.
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Tourism. Ilocos Norte has welcomed an estimated 1.6 million local and foreign
tourists this 2015, with a significant increase this long holiday season, the Ilocos Norte
Tourism Office (INTO) said. Based on the data revealed by INTO, the summer season,
from April to May, this year has delivered the highest number of arrivals at 878, 258. Last
year’s tourists arrival have been pegged at more than 1.2 million or an increase of 22.15%
this year.
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CHAPTER 5 | ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAMING
1. SPACIAL ORGANIZATION
a) Space organization
Administrative Building A
Administrative Building B
Admitting/Receiving Area
Record Room
Cells
Kitchen
Employers Lounge
Food Storage
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Offices
Armory
Administrative Building C
Lobby
Staff Office
Conference Room
Quarters
Office
Emergency Room
Isolation Room
Operating Room
X-Ray Room
Dental
Recovery Area
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Morgue
Dormitories
Security Office
Office
Inspection Rooms
Storage Rooms
Comfort Room
Conjugal Rooms
Office
Visiting Hall
Visiting Area
Store
Storage Room
Public Cr
Lecture Room
Working Area
Mess Hall
Food Storage
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Mechanical and Electrical Room
Garden
Other Spaces
Park
Garlic Plantation
Towers
Basketball Court
Assembly Area
Jogging Area
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General Bubble Diagram
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Main Building
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
1. Wet type firefighting system will be used on the proposed project. Fire hose reels,
fire sprinklers, stand pipe, smoke detectors, fire alarms; fire extinguishers are other
equipment that will be used in the proposed project.
SECURITY/SAFETY
3. Provide low power usage emergency egress lights and LED illuminators with
rechargeable battery.
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4. Provide security systems with back-up capability for emergency signals and
communication.
Green House
Plantscaping
Rainwater Harvesting
Accomplishes both storm water management & water conservation goals within
the landscaping system
Rain Gardens
1. Appropriate location - down slope from surfaces/areas that will drain into.
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2. Size of rain garden - calculated based on water quantities, slope and soil
condition
DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
DESIGN CONCEPT
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SUB-CONCEPT
Form concept
Function concept
Color
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Orientation of the building
DESIGN SOLUTION
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CHAPTER 8 | Manner of Financing
Administrative Building B
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Cells (114 cells per storey) 12 20,000 240,000.00
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Quarters 30 20,000 600,000.00
Dormitories 0.00
Store 0.00
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Storage Room 50 20,000 1,000,000.00
Garden 0.00
Park 0.00
Towers 0.00
0.00
GRAND 87,286,890.00
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TOTAL:
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