DIgSILENT PowerFactory

Technical Reference Documentation

Cable Systems
TypCabsys
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Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 1

Contents

Contents

1 Introduction 3

2 Definition of the Cable System 4

2.1 The Single Core Cable Type (TypCab) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2.1.1 Filling factor of conducting layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2.1.2 Temperature coefficient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2.2 The Cable System Type (TypCabsys) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3 Calculation of Electrical Parameters 5

3.1 Internal Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.2 Internal Admittance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.3 Semiconducting Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.4 Parallel Single-Core Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3.4.1 Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3.4.2 Admittance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

3.5 Pipe Type Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

3.5.1 Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

3.5.2 Admittance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

A Parameter Definitions 14

B Calculation Results 16

C References 19

List of Figures 20

List of Tables 21

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 2

1 Introduction

1 Introduction

This document describes the definition of a cable system in terms of its geometry, the properties
of the conducting, semi-conducting and insulating layers, installation characteristics (buried di-
rectly underground, in a pipe). Besides it details calculation of its frequency-dependent electrical
parameters.

The definition of a frequency-dependent cable system success in PowerFactory with help of two
type objects: a single core cable type TypCab which describes the constructive characteristics
of the cable and a cable system type TypCabsys, which defines the coupling between phases,
i.e. the coupling between the single core cables in a multiphase/multi-circuit cable system.

A built-in cable constants function in the cable system type calculates then the frequency-
dependent electrical parameters (impedance and admittance matrices). The function can han-
dle coaxial cables consisting of a core, sheath and armour directly undergrounded or installed
in pipes (pipe-type cables). This function can be started in a stand-alone case from the Cal-
culate button on the edit dialog of the cable system, in which case the results are printed to
the output windows, or be automatically called by any simulation function in PowerFactory , eg.
when running a frequency scan or when adjusting the model for an electromagnetic transient
simulation.

Finally, the reader should notice that this cable system type supports the definition of the cable
in terms of geometrical data; is the cable to be defined in terms of electrical data, the reader is
referred to [3] where the general line/cable element (ElmLne) is used instead.

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 3

2 Definition of the Cable System

2 Definition of the Cable System

2.1 The Single Core Cable Type (TypCab)

The single core cable type TypCab supports up to three tubular conducting layers in coaxial
arrangement, i.e. core, sheath and armour, separated by three insulating layers. Figure 2.1
shows the typical layout of a HV AC single core cable. The model also supports the definition
of a core-outer and insulation-outer semiconducting layer.

Figure 2.1: Cross section of a single core cable including the core, sheath and armour.

Section A shows the complete list of input parameters including units, range and the symbol
used in this document. Hover the mouse pointer over the input parameters in the edit dialog of
TypCab to display the name of the input parameter. This is the name listed in the first column of
the table.

The input data in the edit dialog of TypCab is organized according to layers, i.e. the conducting,
insulation and semiconducting layers, if available. Use TypCab to enter all the geometrical data
defining the cross section of the single core cable and the properties of all constitutive materials.

2.1.1 Filling factor of conducting layers

To account for the compacting ratio of the cross section of the conducting layers (stranded
conductors, shaped compact, etc.) the users can enter a filling factor Cf.. This filling factor is
related with the dc resistance of the cable by the following equation:

1
RDC [Ω/km] = ρ[µΩ · cm] · × 10
π · (r2 − q 2 ) · Cf

where r and q are the outer and inner radius of the conducting layer respectively.

The user chooses the input parameter between the filling factor in % or the DC resistance in
ohm/km by clicking the selection arrow note that one of them is always greyed out indicating
its dependency on the other one.

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 4

3 Calculation of Electrical Parameters

2.1.2 Temperature coefficient

If the temperature dependency of line/cables option is enabled in the load flow calculation, the
resistivity of the conducting layers is adjusted by the following equation

ρT = ρ20◦ C · [1 + α(20 − T )]

where α is the temperature coefficient of resistance. The resistivities and temperature coeffi-
cient of common metals are given in Table 2.1 for reference.

Table 2.1: Resistivities and temperature coefficient of resistance

Material Resistivity at 20◦ Temperature coefficient

C [µΩ · cm] at 20◦ C [1/◦ C]
Aluminium DC Current Input p.u.
Cooper, hard drawn 2.83 0,0039
Cooper, annealed 1.77 0.00382
Brass 6.4 - 8.4 0.0020
Iron 10 0.0050
Silver 1.59 0.0038
Steel 12 - 88 0.001 - 0.005

2.2 The Cable System Type (TypCabsys)

The cable system type TypCabsys is used to complete the definition of a cable system. It
defines the coupling between phases, i.e. the coupling between the single core cables in a
multiphase/multi-circuit cable system. As in general the cables are laid close together this cou-
pling has to be taken into account.

Among other factors, this coupling depends on how the cables are laid. The PowerFactory
model supports following two options:

• Parallel single-core cables: the cables are grounded direct into ground. This is normally
the case of underground HV AC cables.
• Pipe-Type cables: the cables are drawn into a pipe, usually made of steel, and the pipe
laid into ground. This is in widespread use in submarine cables.

The input parameter ”Buried: Direct in ground/ in Pipe” lets the user choose between both
models. In case of pipe-type cables additionally data is required for the pipe. The complete list
of input parameters is shown in Table A.2 in section A.

The cable system type also defines the bonding conditions of the sheath and armours when
available.

3 Calculation of Electrical Parameters

The calculation of the impedance and admittance of the cable is based on the cable constants
equations formulated by [2] and underlies the following assumptions:

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 5

3 Calculation of Electrical Parameters

• Coaxial arrangement of the conducting and insulating layers inside the single core cable
• Single core cables inside the pipe are concentric with respect to the pipe
• Each conducting layer of the cable has constant permeability. Furthermore, conducting
layers are non-magnetic so that the cable model does not account for current-dependent
saturation effects
• Displacement currents and dielectric losses of the insulating layers are negligible.

A general formulation of the series impedance and shunt admittance of the cable is given by:

∂
[U ] = −[Z] · [I] (1)
∂x

∂
[I] = −[Y ] · [U ] (2)
∂x

where [U ] and [I] are the voltage and currents vectors at a distance x along the cable.

The dimension of [Z] and [Y ] depends on the total number of cables in the system and the total
number of layers per single core cable. For instance in a three phase cable system with three
conducting layers per single core cable (core, sheath and armour) the dimension of the [Z] (i.e.
[Y ]) results 9 (=3 phases x 1 single core cable/phase x 3 conducting layers/cable).

[Z] and [Y ] are symmetric square matrices that can be expressed in the following terms:

[Z] = [Z I ] + [Z P ] + [Z C ] + [Z 0 ] (3)

[Y ] = s · [P ]−1
[P ] = [PI ] + [PP ] + [PC ] + [P0 ] (4)

where [P ] is a potential coefficient matrix and the Laplace’s operator (complex frequency).

The matrices with subscript I account for the internal impedance and admittance respectively
and matrices with subscript O for the earth or air return path. In case if a pipe enclosure cable
the matrices with subscript C and P define the impedance and admittance of the pipe; these
matrices becoming zero if the cable is laid directly underground. In the next sub-chapters we will
discuss the physical meaning of these sub-matrices and the formulas used to calculate them.

Following naming convention is used in this document:

• Subscript I accounts for the internal impedance, subscript O for the earth or air return path
and subscripts C and P for the pipe enclosure if available.
• Subscripts c,s and a (lower case) are used for core, sheath and armour in cable layer
equations.
• Subscripts i,j and k refer to the cables in the system (typically three cables in a three
phase cable system).

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 6

3 Calculation of Electrical Parameters

3.1 Internal Impedance

The internal impedance is associated to the longitudinal voltage drop due to the magnetic field
inside the single core cable and it is given by the following equation:

       
U Z Z cs Z ca Ic Ic
∂  c   cc
U s = Z sc Z ss Z sa  · I s  = −[ZI ] · I s  (5)
∂x
Ua Z ac Z as Z aa Ia Ia

where the layer internal impedances in 5 are defined in terms of coaxial loop impedances as
follow:

Z cc = Z 11 + 2 · Z 12 + Z 22 + 2 · Z 23 + Z 33
Z cs = Z sc = Z 12 + Z 22 + 2 · Z 23 + Z 33
Z ca = Z ac = Z sa = Z as = Z 23 + Z 33
Z ss = Z 22 + 2 · Z 23 + Z 33
Z aa = Z 33 (6)

The impedances with subscript 1,2 and 3 are referred as loop impedances. For instance Z 11 is
the impedance of the inner most loop of concentric tubular conductors and therefore that of the
loop core-sheath.

Z 11 = Z c,OU T + Z c/s,IN S + Z s,IN

Z 22 = Z s,OU T + Z s/a,IN S + Z a,IN
Z 33 = Z a,OU T + Z a,IN S
Z 12 = Z 21 = ·Z s,M U T U AL
Z 23 = Z 32 = ·Z a,M U T U AL (7)

The impedance of the tubular conductors are found with the modified Bessel functions with tube
= c, s and a respectively:

ρm
Z tube,IN = {I0 (mq) · K1 (mr) + K0 (mq) · I1 (mr)}
2πqrD
ρm
Z tube,OU T = {I0 (mr) · K1 (mq) + K0 (mr) · I1 (mq)}
2πqrD
ρ
Z tube,M U T U AL = (8)
2πqrD

where

D = I1 (mr) · K1 (mq) − I1 (mq) · K1 (mr) (9)

s
jωµ 1
m= = (10)
ρ p

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 7

3 Calculation of Electrical Parameters

The parameter m is the reciprocal of the depth of penetration p and are both frequency-dependent
complex values.

Z IN S accounts for the longitudinal voltage drop due to the magnetic filed in the insulating layers.
For the general case of non-concentric tubular conductors it results:

( "  2 #)
µ0 qk di
Z IN S = jω · ln 1− (11)
2π ri qk

and in the case of concentric tubular conductors di = 0 and 11 reduces to

 
µ0 qk
Z IN S = jω · ln
2π ri

3.2 Internal Admittance

The internal admittance matrix is associated to the capacitive coupling and dielectric losses due
to the insulating layers within the single core cable. The capacitance and dielectric losses of
each insulating layers is given by:

2πε0 εr 1
Ci = =
ln(r/q) Pi
Gi = ωCi · tg(δ) (12)

with Pi the potential coefficient of the insulating layer.

Assuming that the single core cable consist of three layers, hence the insulation between core
and sheath, sheath and armour and outermost insulating layer of the single core cable, it follows:

 
Pc + Ps + Pa Ps + Pa Pa
[PI ] =  Ps + Pa Ps + Pa Pa  (13)
Pa Pa Pa

1
[CI ] = (14)
[PI ]

[Y I ] = [GI ] + jω[CI ] (15)

3.3 Semiconducting Layers

The model supports the definition of a semiconducting layer on the conductor’s outer surface
and the insulation’s outer surface. These semiconducting layers mainly influence the admittance

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 8

3 Calculation of Electrical Parameters

of the insulation. Their effect on the impedance of the conductor is rather minor and therefore
not considered by the moment in the model.

The capacitance and conductance of the tubular semiconducting layer is given by the following
equations:

1
CSC = 2πε0 · εrSC
ln(rSC /qSC )

2π 1
GSC = ·
ρSC ln(rSC /qSC )

where rSC and qSC are the outer and inner radius of the tubular semiconducting layer respec-
tively, εrSC the relative permittivity and ρSC the resistivity.

Hence the equivalent admittance of the insulation under consideration of the semiconducting
layers is calculated in the following form:

1 1 1
= +
GiIns GIL GSC

1 1 1
= +
CiIns CIL CSC

3.4 Parallel Single-Core Cables

3.4.1 Impedance

Let’s assume being i, j, k three parallel single core cables each of them consisting of core,
sheath and armour. Equation (1) can be expanded as:

   
  [Z I,ii ] [0] [0] [Z 0,ii ] [Z 0,ij ] [Z 0,ik ]   
[U ] [I i ]

..   ..
 
∂  i   
[U j ] =  . [Z I,jj ] [0]  + .  × [I j ]
[Z 0,jj ] [Z 0,jk ]  (16)
  
∂x . .
[U k ] [I k ]

.. ..
 
··· [Z I,kk ] ··· [Z 0,kk ]
 

where [Z 0,s ] and [Z 0,m ] are the self and mutual earth-return impedance matrices of the cable
system given as:

 
Z e,s Z e,s Z e,s
[Z 0,s ] = Z e,s Z e,s Z e,s  ...s = jj, kk, ll (17)
Z e,s Z e,s Z e,s

 
Z e,m Z e,m Z e,m
[Z 0,m ] = Z e,m Z e,m Z e,m  ...m = jk, kl, lj (18)
Z e,m Z e,m Z e,m

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 9

3 Calculation of Electrical Parameters

Z e,m is the mutual earth-return impedance between two parallel cables i, j given by:

ωµ0
Z e,jk = j [K0 (m · dik ) − K0 (m · Dik )] + (Pik + jQik ) (19)
π

and Pik + jQik the terms of the Carson’s serie (see [1] for further reference).

Z e,s is the self earth-return impedance of the single core cable. Its value is obtained from (19)
by replacing d with R, D with 2h and h+y with 2h.

3.4.2 Admittance

As the cable is directly laid underground and the earth surrounding the cable being assumed
an equipotential surface, there is no capacitive coupling effect among the single core cables. It
follows then that [P 0 ] = Θ in equation 4 and therefore the admittance matrix of the cable results:

 
[PI,i ] 0 0
[P ] = [PI ] =  0 [PI,j ] 0  (20)
0 0 [PI,k ]

[Y ] = [P ]−1
   
[I i ] [U i ]
∂ 
[I j ]  = −[Y ] ·  [U j ]  (21)
∂x
[I k ] [U k ]

and the submatrices in the main diagonal according to equation (13).

3.5 Pipe Type Cable

3.5.1 Impedance

Assuming again a system of three single core cables i, j, k each of them consisting of core,
sheath and armour, equation (3) can be expanded as follows for the case of a pipe type cable:

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 10

3 Calculation of Electrical Parameters

 
   [Z I,ii ] [0] [0] 0
[U i ]


  . 
  ..

∂  [U j ]  =  [Z I,jj ] [0] 0
∂x [U k ]   ..
 
 . ··· [Z I,kk ] 0
 
[U p ]


0 0 0 0

 
[Z P,ii ] [Z P,ij ] [Z P,ik ] 0
 .. 
 . [Z P,jj ] [Z P,jk ] 0
+ 
 ...
 
··· [Z P,kk ] 0
0 0 0 0
 
[Z C1 ] [Z C1 ] [Z C1 ] Z C2
 .. 
 . [Z C1 ]
[Z C1 ] Z C2 
+ 
 ...
 
··· [Z C1 ] Z C2 
Z C2 Z C2 Z C2 Z C3
 
[Z 0 ] [Z 0 ] [Z 0 ] Z 0   
 ..


 [I i ]
 ×  [I j ] 
 . [Z 0 ] [Z 0 ] Z 0 
  
+ 
 .  [I k ] (22)
 .. · · · [Z 0 ] Z 0 
Ip


Z0 Z0 Z0 Z0


[Z P ] defines the self and mutual impedances of the pipe-return path of the single core cables.
A submatrix is given by:

 
Z P,ij Z P,ij Z P,ij
[Z P,ij ] = Z P,ij Z P,ij Z P,ij  (23)
Z P,ij Z P,ij Z P,ij

Self impedance of the with pipe-return path for the i-th cable (i=j):

∞
"  2n #
µ0 µr K0 (mq) X di 2µr Kn (mq)
Z P,ii = jω + (24)
2π mqK1 (mq) n=1 q nµr Kn (mq) − mqKn0 (mq)

Mutual impedance between the i-th and the j-th cables with common pipe-return path (16=j):

  
µ0 q K0 (mq)
Z P,ij = jω ln √ 2 2 + µr mqK 1 (mq)
2π di +dj −2di dj cos ϑij
∞ 
X di dj  n  )
2µr Kn (mq) 1
+ cos (nϑij ) − (25)
n=1
q2 nµr Kn (mq) − mqKn0 (mq) n

[Z C ] is the connection impedance matrix between the pipe inner and outer surfaces. The sub-
matrix [Z C1 ], [Z C2 ] and [Z C3 ] are given by:

 
Z C1 Z C1 Z C1
[Z C1 ] = Z C1 Z C1 Z C1  (26)
Z C1 Z C1 Z C1

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 11

3 Calculation of Electrical Parameters

where Z C1 , Z C2 and Z C3 are calculated using equations (8) to (11) for the impedance of tubular
conductors and tube being the pipe as follows:

Z C1 = Z pipe,OU T + Z pipe,IN S − 2 · Z pipe,M U T U AL

Z C2 = Z pipe,OU T + Z pipe,IN S − Z pipe,M U T U AL
Z C3 = Z pipe,OU T + Z pipe,IN S (27)

Finally, [Z 0 ] represent the impedance of the earth return-path of the pipe. The diagonal subma-
trix [Z 0 ] is given by:

 
Z0 Z0 Z0
[Z 0 ] = Z 0 Z0 Z 0 (28)
Z0 Z0 Z0

where Z 0 is the self earth return impedance of the pipe according to equation (19).

3.5.2 Admittance

The admittance follows the general definition in terms of the potential coefficient matrix as fol-
lows:

 

 [PI,ii ] [0] [0] 0

 . 
 ..

[PI,jj ] [0] 0
[P ] = 
 
 ..

 . ··· [PI,kk ] 0

 



0 0 0 0

 
[PP,ii ] [PP,ij ] [PP,ik ] 0
 .. 
 . [PP,jj ] [PP,jk ] 0
+ 
 ...
 
··· [PP,kk ] 0
0 0 0 0
 
[PC ] [PC ] [PC ] PC 
 ..


 . [PC ] [PC ] PC   
+ 
 . (29)
 ..

· · · [PC ] PC  

PC PC PC PC


where

 
[GI,i ] 0 0 0
 0 [GI,j ] 0 0
[Y ] = 
  + jω ([P ])−1 (30)
0 0 [GI,k ] 0
0 0 0 0

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 12

3 Calculation of Electrical Parameters

   
[I i ] [U i ]
∂  [I j ]  = −[Y ] ·  [U j ] 
  
(31)
∂x [I k ] [U k ]
Ip Up

Note in equation (30) that dielectric losses of the pipe are not being considered.

Each of the [PI,ii ] submatrices of [PI ] is the internal potential coefficient matrix of the single
core cable according to (20).

[PP ] is the pipe internal potential coefficient matrix and defines the capacitive coupling between
the outermost layer of the single core cables and the pipe and hence the dielectric medium
between the cables and the pipe. Each of the submatrices [PP,ij ] of [PP ] is a matrix with equal
elements given in the following form:

 
PP,ij PP,ij PP,ij
[PP,ij ] = PP,ij PP,ij PP,ij  (32)
PP,ij PP,ij PP,ij

with

( "  2 #)
1 q di
Pii = ln 1− (33)
2πε0 εr Ri q

   
∞  n
1  q −
X 1 d d
i j

Pij = ln  q · · cos ϑ ij (34)
2πε0 εr  d2i + d2j − 2di dj cos ϑij n=1
n q2 

[PC ] is the potential coefficient matrix between the pipe inner and outer surfaces and hence the
capacitance due to the dielectric layer surrounding the pipe. A submatrix and the last column
and row elements are given by:

 
PC PC PC
[PC ] = PC PC PC  (35)
PC PC PC

 
1 r
PC = · ln (36)
2πε0 εr q

It is assumed in the model that the pipe is underground. Therefore the outer surface of the
insulating layer surrounding the pipe is in direct contact with the earth (equipotential surface
with U=0). Hence no additional capacitive effect exists between the insulating layer of the pipe
and ground.

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 13

A Parameter Definitions

A Parameter Definitions

Table A.1: Input parameter of the single core cable type (TypCab)

Parameter Description Unit Range Default Symbol

loc name Name
uline Rated voltage kV x≥0 0 U
typCon Shape of the core Compact
diaCon Outer diameter of the core mm x≥0 5 r
diaTube Inner diameter of the core mm x≥0 0 q
cHasEl Exists: use this flag to en- 1
able/disable the conducting lay-
ers
rho Resistivity (20◦ C) of the conduct- µΩ · x>0 1.7241 ρ
ing layers cm
my Relative Permeability of the con- 1 µr
ducting layers
cThEl Thickness of the conducting lay- mm 2.5
ers
Cf Filling factor of the conducting % x > 0 and 100 Cf
layers x ≤ 100
rpha DC-Resistance (20◦ C) of the Ω/km 0.8780769 Rdc
conducting layers
alpha Temperature coefficient of the 1/K x≥0 0.00393 α
conducting layers
cHasIns Exists: use this flag to en- 1
able/disable the corresponding
insulation layers
tand Dielectric Loss Factor of the in- 0.02
sulating layer, i.e. tgδ of the in-
sulation. Set this value to zero to
neglect insulation losses.
epsr Relative Permittivity of the insu- 3 εr
lating layer
thIns Thickness of the insulating layer mm x≥0 1
cHasSc Exists: use this flag to en- 0
able/disable the semiconducting
layers
rhoSc Resistivity of the semiconducting µΩ · x>0 1000000
layer cm
mySc Relative permeability of the 1 µr,SC
semiconducting layer
epsrSc Relative permittivity of the semi- 3 εr,SC
conducting layer
thSc Thickness of the semiconducting mm x≥0 1
layer
◦
tmax Max. Operational Temperature C x≥0 80
◦
rtemp Max. End Temperature C x>0 80
Ithr Rated Short-Time (1s) Current kA x≥0 0
diaCab Overall Cable Diameter mm 15

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 14

A Parameter Definitions

Table A.2: Input parameter of the cable system (TypCabsys)

Parameter Description Unit Range Default Symbol

loc name Name
frnom Nom. Frequency Hz 50
rhoEarth Resistivity of the earth return Ωm x>0 100
path
cGearth Conductivity of the earth return µS/cm 100
path = inverse of the earth resis-
tivity.
iopt bur To specify is the cable is laid gnd
direct in ground (parallel single
core cables) or in a pipe (pipe-
type cable)
nlcir Number of circuits defining the x≥1 1
cable system
pcab c Single core cable type: select TypCab
from the library the single core
cable type (TypCab) of each cir-
cuit
nphas Number of phases 3
dInom Rated current kA 1
red Reduced: assert this option to 0
automatically bond the sheaths
and armours of the cable. This
operation will reduced the Z/Y
matrices of the cable to nphas x
nphas.
bond Assert this option to cross bond 0
the sheaths
xy c Coordinate of Line Circuits: enter m 0
the coordinates of the single core
cables in the cable systems. Ca-
bles buried direct underground
have positive Y-distances with
respect to the ground surface.
For pipe type cables, X- and Y-
coordinates are referred to the
center of the pipe.
dep pipe Depth of the center of the m x≥0 0
pipe (parameter only required for
pipe-type cables).
rad pipe Outer Radius of the pipe m x>0 0.1
th pipe Thickness of the pipe mm x≥0 0
th ins Thickness of the pipe outer insu- mm x>0 1
lation
rho pipe Resistivity of the pipe µΩcm x>0 20
my pipe Relative permeability of the pipe x>0 1
epsr fil Relative permittivity of the filling x>0 1
material (insulating material be-
tween the single core cables and
the pipe)
epsr ins Relative permittivity of the pipe x>0 1
outer cover. Se

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 15

B Calculation Results

B Calculation Results

The cable constants function in stand-alone mode can be started from the ”Calculate” button
on the edit dialog of the cable system type TypCabsys. Then PowerFactory prints the resulting
impedance and admittance matrices to the output windows.

It follows an extract of the output window for a 132 kV, 3-phase cable system, 630 mm2 , directly
underground. The first two matrices correspond to the unreduced layer impedances and admit-
tances in phase components; cores first, followed by sheaths. Cables are in the same order as
the input. Rows follow real and imaginary part.

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 16

B Calculation Results

The next two matrices are the impedances and admittances in symmetrical components in 0-
1-2 sequence. Idem before, cores come first followed by the sheaths. Cables are in the same
order as the input. Rows follow real and imaginary part.

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 17

B Calculation Results

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 18

C References

C References
[1] Technical Reference Overhead Lines Constants, 2009.

[2] A. Ametani. A General Formulation of Impedance and Admittance of Cables. IEEE Trans-
actions on Power Apparatus and Systems, PAS-99(3), May 1980.
[3] B. K. Bose. Modern Power Electronics and AC Drivers. Prentice Hall of India, 1 edition,
2008.

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 19

List of Figures

List of Figures

2.1 Cross section of a single core cable including the core, sheath and armour. . . . 4

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 20

List of Tables

List of Tables

2.1 Resistivities and temperature coefficient of resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

A.1 Input parameter of the single core cable type (TypCab) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

A.2 Input parameter of the cable system (TypCabsys) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 21

List of Tables

Cable Systems (TypCabsys) 22