Circular Motion

7.1 (D) The maximum angular speed of the hoop corresponds to the situation when the bead is just
about to slide upward.
The free body diagram of the bead is

For the bead not to slide upwards.

m ω2 (r sin 45°) cos 45° - mg sin 45° < μ N ................ (1)
where N = mg cos 45° + m ω2 (r sin 45°) sin 45° ................ (2)

From 1 and 2 we get.

ω  30 2 rad/s.

7.2 (C) Let v be the speed of particle at B, just when it is about to loose contact.
From application of Newton’s second law to the particle normal to the spherical surface.
mv 2
 mg sin β ......... (1)
r
Applying conservation of energy as the block moves from A to B.

mv 2  mg  r cos α  r sin β 
1
.......... (2)
2
Solving 1 and 2 weg et
3 sin β = 2 cos α

7.3 (A) As the mass is at the verge of slipping

 6 - 8 μ = 4.5
3
 μ
16

1  72v 2  2 3
7.4 (B) As when they collide vt    t  πR  vt
2  25πR  16

5πR
t 
6V
vt
Now angle covered by A = π 
R
 11π
Put t  angle covered by A =
6

7.5 (C) The acceleration vector shall change the component of velocity u|| along the acceleration vector.
v2
r
an
Radius of carvature rmin means v is minimum and an is maximum. This is at point P when component
of velocity parallel to acceleration vector becomes zero, that is u|| = 0.

u 2 42
R    8 meters.
a 2

7.6 (C) x2 = 4ay

Differentiating w.r.t. we get
dy x

dx 2a

 At  2a, a  ,
dy
 1  hence θ 45°
dx
the component of weight along tangential direction is mg sin θ .
g
hence tangential acceleration is g sin θ =
2

7.7 (D) The nature of the motion can be determine only if we know velocity and aceleration as function
of time. Here acceleration at an instant is given and not know at other time so D.

7.8 (C)
 By energy conservation between A and B
2R MgR 1
 Mg 0  Mv 2
5 5 2

2gR
v
5
v 2 2gR / 5 R
Now, radius of curvature r =  
a r g cos 37 2

7.9 (D)

The friction force n coin just before coin is to slip will be : f = μ s mg

Normal reaction on the coin ; N = mg
The resultant reaction by disk to the coin is
N 2  f 2  (mg)2  (μ s mg) 2  mg 1  μ s 2

9
= 40 10 10  1  = 0.5 N
3

16

θ θ θ
7.10 (D) As 2T sin = dm ω2 r (for small angle sin  )
2 2 2

m
but dm = θr

As  = 2 π r  T  mω2 r/2π
Put m = 2π kg
and r = 0.25 m
 T  250 N

7.11 (A) when hw applies brakes

v2
s1 
2a
if is the friction coefficient then a = μ g
μ
 v2
 s1 
2μg

mv 2
when he takes turn  μmg
r
v2
r
μg
then we can see r > s1 hence drier can hit the wall when he takes turn due to insufficient radius of
curvature.

7.12 (A) As tangential acceleration a = dv/dt = ω dr/dt

but ω  4π and dr/dt = 1.5 (reel is turned uniformly at the rate of 2 r.p.s.)
 a  6π , Now by the F.B.D. of the mass.
W
T-W= a
g
 T = W (1 + a/g) put a = gπ
 T = 1.019 W

7.13 (C) For anti-clockwise motion, speed at the highest point should be gR .
Conserving energy at (1) & (2) :
1 R 1
mv a2  mg  m(gR)
2 2 2
 v 2a  gR  gR  2gR

 va  2gR
For clock-wise motion, the bob must have atleast that much speed initially, so that the spring must
not become loose any where until it reaches the peg B.
mv c2
T + mgcos60° = ;
R
vc being the initial speen in clockwise direction.
For vC min : Put T = 0 ;

gR
gR 2 1
 vC =  vC/va =  vC : v a = 1 : 2 Ans.
2 2gR 2

3R
7.14 (D) The bob of the pendulum moves in a circle of radius (R + Rsin30°) =
2
 3R  2
Force equation : Tsin30° m  ω
 2 
 Tcos30° = mg
3 ω2 R 1 2g
 tan30° =   ω Ans.
2 g 3 3 3R

7.15 (C) vmin = 5gR = 5 10  2 = 10 m/s

7.16 (A) T cos θ + N = mg ..... (1)

and T sin θ = m ω2 r ..... (2)
but T = Kx
T = 1.47  102 (0.1 sec θ - 0.1)
(K = 1.47  102 N/m)
Also r = 0.1 tan θ
put T, r, m & ω in equation (2)
we have cos θ = 3/5 and T = 9.8 N

mv 2
7.17 (C) T - mg sin θ =
R
m.  u 20  2g sin 30 
 3 mg - mg sin 30° =

 u 0  3g/2

7.18 (B) When the acceleration of bob is horizontal,

net vertical force on the bob will be zero.
T cos θ - mg = 0
The tangentail force at that instant is
mg
= mg sin θ = mg 1  cos θ  T 2  (mg) 2
2

7.19 (B) From length constraint on AB

a cos 45° = b cos 45°
a=b
T sin 45° = m(a)
mg - T sin 45° = mb
mg - ma = ma
g
2ma = mg a
2
T mg mg
 T
2 2 2
7.20 (C) V = gR tanθ  (20) 2  10 100  tan θ
4 2
 tan θ    θ  tan 1 (2 / 5)
10 5

7.21 (B) In the frame of ring (inertia w.r.t. earth), the initial velocity of the bead is v at the lowest position.

The condition for bead to complete the vertical circle is, its speed at top position
vtop  0
From conservataion of energy
1 1
mv 2top  mg(2R)  mv 2 or v= 4gR
2 2

7.22 (A) V  v 2  v 2  2v 2 cos 60o =v

 V v 3v2

v2 a i πv 2 R π
a av    a 
 i R a ;  
t t πR av R  3v 2
3

7.23 (A)

Fnet is shown in the figure. So, tension will be max. at point A and will be min. at point B.

7.24 (B) For the ring to move in a circle at constant speed the net force
on it should be zero. Here spring force will provide the necessary
centripetal force.
 kx = mx ω 2

k 300
 ω   10 rad/sec. Ans.
m 3
 (B) dT = dm    x  ω2
m
7.25 dT = .dx(  x)ω2


 dT      x  dx  dT      x  dx
mω2 mω2
T / 2 T / 2

  
0 0 0 0

mω2 x  x  mω2   2  2 

1/ 2


2

 2  0   2 B 
= =
 
 Tension at mid point is :
3 3mω2 3mω2
T= mω 2  stress =  strain =
8A 8A 8AY

mV 2 mV 2
7.26 (A) At A ; NA - Mg =
RA  NA = mg +
RA

mV 2
and At B ; NB = mg -
RB

mV 2
and At C ; NC = mg +
RC
As by energy coservation ;
RA < R C  NA is greatest among all.

7.27 (A), (C)

As N sin α = mg
N cos α = m ω 2 r
g
tan α =  T2  tan α
ω2 r
 when α increases T also increases
Also T2  r tan α
but r = h tan α
 T2  h tan2 α
for constant α
T2  h
Thus when h increases T also increase.

7.28 (A)(B)(C)(D)
Let N be normal reaction (Reading of the weighing machine)
mv 2
at A  NA - mg =
r
Put v  NA - mg = mg  NA = 2mg = 2W
 mv 2
Also, at E, NE + mg = = mg
r
 NE = 0 hence NA > NE by 2W
mv 2
Now at G, NG = = mg = W = NC
r
NE NA
Also N = 0 and NC = 2
A

7.29 (A, B, C)
1
Between A and B mgL cos θ = mv B
2

2
 v B  2gL cos θ
2

v 2B
Now, ar = = 2g cos θ
L
and at = g sin θ

 a= a 2t  a r2  g 1  3cos 2 θ

mv 2B
Now, at B TB - mg cos θ =
L
Put VB  TB = 3 mg cos θ
When total acceleration vector directed horizontally
at 2sin θ 1
tan (90 - θ ) = a  2g cos θ  2 tan θ
r

On solving θ = cos-1 1/ 3

7.30 (A) (D)

5π
For case : ω1  rad/sec.
6
5π
ωA/T  rad/sec.
6
v 3.14 π
ωB/G    rad/sec.
R 3 3
π
ωT/G   rad/sec (in opposite direction)
6
5π  π  4π 2π
ωA/G  ωA/T  ωT/G =     rad/s.
6  6 6 3
 2π π π
ωA/B  ωA  ω B =   rad/s.
3 3 3
π
and θ A/B  30° = rad/sec.
6
1
Using ; θ rel  ωi(rel) t  α rel t
2

2
π π
 t0  t = 0.5 sec. Ans.
6 3

7.31 (A)
For conical pendulum of length  , mass m moving
along horizontal circle as shown
T cos θ = mg ..... (1)
T sin θ = mω 2  sin θ ..... (2)
g
From equation 1 and equation 2,  cos θ
ω2
 cos θ is a vertical distance of sphere below O point of suspension. Hence if ω of both pendulums
are same, they shall move in same horizotal plane.
Hence statement-2 is correct explanation of statement-1.

7.32 (D) The normal reaction is not least at topmost point, hence statement 1 is false.

7.33 (A) Let the minimum and maximum tensions be Tmax and Tmin and the minimum and maximum speed
be u and v.

mu 2
 Tmax   mg
R
mv 2
Tmin   mg
R
 u 2 v2 
T  m     2mg .
R R
From conservation of energy
u 2 v2
  4g  is independent of u.
R R
and T = 6 mg.
 Statement-2 is correct explanation of statement-1.
7.34 (B) vB = 2gLsin θ vC = 2gL
If vC = 2vB
Then 2gL = 4 (2gl sin θ )
1 1
or sin θ = or θ = sin -1 4
4

7.35 (B) Tangential acceleration is at = g cos θ ,

which decrease with time.
Hence the plot of at versus time may be as shown in graph.
Area under graph in time interval t1 = vB - 0 = vB
Area under graph in time interval t2 = vC - vB = vB
Hence area under graph in time t1 and t2 is same.
 t1  t 2

v B  vC  v 2B  v C2  2v B v C sin θ  v B
 
7.36 (B)

 v 2B  v C2  2v B v C sin θ  v B 2
vC = 2vB sin θ
 2g = 2 2g sin θ sin θ

1 1
1/3

 sin 3 θ   sin θ   
4 4

1
1/3

θ  sin 1  
4

7.37 (B) Putting h = 0 and the values we have T = 165 N

7.38 (B) Putting h =2R we get T = 144 - 5gR = 44 N

R
7.39 (B) At θ = 60°, h = R - R cos 60° =
2
R
Putting h = in v2 = u2 - 2gh
2
We get the result.

7.40 (A) r (B) q, s (C) p (D) q, r

(A) F = constant and u  F  0
  

Thereforef initial velocity is either in direction of constant force of opposite to it. Hence the particle
will move in straight line and speed may increase or decrease.
(B) u  F  0 and F = constant
  
 initial velocity is perpendicular to constant force, hence the path will be parabolic with speed of
particle ncreasing.
(C) v  F  0 means instantaneous velocity is always perpendicular to force. Hence the speed will
 

remain constant. And also F = constant. Since the particle moves in one plane, the resulting motion
has to be circular.
(D) u  2i  3j and a  6i  9 j . Hence initial velocity is in same direction of constant acceleration,
 

therefore particle moves in straight line with increasing speed.

7.41 (A) q, (B) q, t (C) q, t (D) p, s

v = 2t2
Tangential acceleration at = 4t
v 2 4t 4
Centripetal aceleration ac = 
R R
v 4t
Angular speed ω  
R R
a t 4tR R
tan θ = a  4t 4  t 3
c

7.42 (A) q, s (B) p (C) p (D) q, r

From graph (a)  ω  kθ where k is positive constant
dω
angular aceleration = ω   kθ  k  k 2θ
dθ
 angular acceleration is non uniform and directly proportional to θ .  (A) q, s
From graph (b)  ω2  kθ . Differential both sides with respect to θ.
dω dω k
2ω  k or ω  Hence angular acceleration is uniform.  (B) p
dθ dθ 2
From graph (c)  ω  kt
dω
angular acceleration =  k Hence angular acceleration is uniform  (C) p
dθ
From graph (d)  ω  kt 2
dω
angular acceleration =  2kt Hence angular acceleration is non uniform and directly
dt
proportional to t.  (D) q, r

7.43 As velocity along horizontal remains constant

ucosθ
 v cos θ /2 = u cos θ  v=
cosθ / 2
v 2 u 2 cos 2θ

therefore radius of curvature r = a
r g cos 3  θ / 2  Ans.
7.44 Normal or centripetal aceleration of the ball is component of net aceleration along PO.
3a 4b
 ac = a cos 53° + b cos 37° =  m/sec2.
5 5
3a 4b
Ans. 
5 5

7.45 (a) The system is in equilibrium when

m1gsin θ = m2g
m2
or sin θ = m
1

(b) Let the tengential acceleration of m1 be a.

 m2g - m1g sin θ = (m1 + m2)a
40  25 15
a=  m/s2
9 9
the normal acceleration of m1 is zero.  speed of m1 is zero.
5
 The magnitude of acceleration of m1 = m/s2
3

Tafter cut mg cos θ

7.46   cos 2 θ
Tbefore cut mg/cos θ

7.47 (a) As a rod AB moves, the point ‘P’ will always lie on the circle.
 its velocity will be along the circle as shown by ‘vP’ in the figure.
If the point P has to lie on the rod ‘AB’ also then it should have
component in ‘x’ direction as ‘v’.
 vP sin θ = v  vP = v cosec θ
x 1 3R 3
here cos θ =   
R R 5 5
4 5 5
 sin θ =  cosec θ =  vP = v ...Ans.
5 4 4

ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION
(a) Let ‘P’ have coordinate (x, y)
x = R cos θ , y = R sin θ .
dx dθ dθ v
vx = - R sin θ =v  =
dt dt dt R sin θ
dθ  v 
 vY = R cos θ = R cos θ    =  v cot θ
dt  R sin θ 
  vP = v 2x  v 2y  v 2  v 2 cot 2 θ  v cosec θ ... Ans.

vP 5V
(b) ω 
R 4R

7.48 As the car travels at a fixed speed 1m/s, hence tangential aceleration will be zero. Therefore, there
will be no component of friction along tangent.
mv 2
Case I : If Mg > ; hence friction force on car
r
of mass m will be outwards from the centre.
mv 2
T  μmg 
rmax

m
Mg  μmg  ..... (1)
rmax

mv 2
Case II : If Mg < ; hence friction force on car of
r
mass m will be toward centre.
mv 2
T  μmg 
rmin

m
Mg  μmg  ..... (2)
rmin
From equation (1) and (2)
rmax M  μm
 
rmin M  μm

7.49 By Newton’s law at B

mv 2
T  mg cos θ 

By energy conservation b/w A and B
1 1
mg  (1 - cos θ ) + mv2 = m(5  g)
2 2
mv = m5  g - 2mg  (1 - cos θ )
2

T = mg cos θ + m 5 g - 2mg (1 - cos θ )

= 3 mg + 3 mg cos θ
3mg + 3mg cos θ
3mg (1 + cos θ ) = 6 mg cos2( θ /2)
7.50 The free body diagram of the block is
(a) For block not to slide along wedge, applying Newton’s second law along incline we get
mg sin θ = m ω 2 (  cos θ ) cos θ

g sin θ
 ω
 cos 2 θ
(b) Applying Newton’s secons law along normal to the wedge we get
N = mg cos θ + m ω 2 (  cos θ ) sin θ
g sin θ
= mg cos θ + m = mg sec θ
 cos 2 θ  cos θ sin θ