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    Zimbabwe School of Mines: Mineral Processing Eng. A. Rungani

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    Tatenda Sibanda
    This document summarizes a module on mineral processing classification from the Zimbabwe School of Mines. It discusses factors that influence particle separation, including particle properties, fluid properties, and external forces. It also describes different types of classifiers, focusing on hydrocyclones. Key points about hydrocyclones are that they have no moving parts and separate feed into coarse and fine fractions based on particle size using water as the transport medium. Performance is affected by variables like cyclone diameter, feed pressure, vortex/spigot diameter, and solids concentration in the feed.

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    Zimbabwe School of Mines: Mineral Processing Eng. A. Rungani

    Uploaded by

    Tatenda Sibanda
    43 views27 pages
    This document summarizes a module on mineral processing classification from the Zimbabwe School of Mines. It discusses factors that influence particle separation, including particle properties, fluid properties, and external forces. It also describes different types of classifiers, focusing on hydrocyclones. Key points about hydrocyclones are that they have no moving parts and separate feed into coarse and fine fractions based on particle size using water as the transport medium. Performance is affected by variables like cyclone diameter, feed pressure, vortex/spigot diameter, and solids concentration in the feed.

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    classification

    Original Title

    Classification

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    This document summarizes a module on mineral processing classification from the Zimbabwe School of Mines. It discusses factors that influence particle separation, including particle properties, fluid properties, and external forces. It also describes different types of classifiers, focusing on hydrocyclones. Key points about hydrocyclones are that they have no moving parts and separate feed into coarse and fine fractions based on particle size using water as the transport medium. Performance is affected by variables like cyclone diameter, feed pressure, vortex/spigot diameter, and solids concentration in the feed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    43 views27 pages

    Zimbabwe School of Mines: Mineral Processing Eng. A. Rungani

    Uploaded by

    Tatenda Sibanda
    This document summarizes a module on mineral processing classification from the Zimbabwe School of Mines. It discusses factors that influence particle separation, including particle properties, fluid properties, and external forces. It also describes different types of classifiers, focusing on hydrocyclones. Key points about hydrocyclones are that they have no moving parts and separate feed into coarse and fine fractions based on particle size using water as the transport medium. Performance is affected by variables like cyclone diameter, feed pressure, vortex/spigot diameter, and solids concentration in the feed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 27

    ZIMBABWE SCHOOL OF MINES

    MINERAL PROCESSING

    2018 Module

    Eng. A. RUNGANI
    (Bsc HEN Metallurgical Eng- UZ & MIP-AU)
    5.0 Classification
    Learning outcomes

     have a knowledge and understanding of;

     factors influencing separation of particles

     hindered & free settling and how this influences


    the separation of particles

     hydrocyclone as a classification device

     factors affecting cyclone performance


    Classification

    - Particles of various sizes, shapes and


    specific gravities are separated by being
    allowed to settle in a fluid.
    factors influencing separation

     What factors influence the separation of the


    particles

     Factors relating to the properties of the


    particles
     Factors relating to the property of the
    fluid (e.g. water, air or dense medium)
     External acceleration forces (gravity,
    centrifugal forces)
     Flow regime (e.g. laminar or turbulent)
    factors influencing separation

     Factors relating to the particle properties

     size (equivalent diameter)


     density
     shape of particle
     surface roughness
    factors influencing separation

    Factors relating to the property of the fluid


     viscosity

     % solids (relates to the viscosity of

    fluid)
     stability of medium in fluid

     density of fluid
    classification

     Classification - particles settling in a fluid

    Two types of settling

     Free settling (no interference of flow patterns)

     Hindered settling (interference of flow patterns


    flow of bodies through fluids

    Laminar flow Turbulent flow


    flow of bodies through fluids

     Terminal velocity (no acceleration)


     dv/dt = 0

     Equal-settling particles
    - have the same terminal velocity in the
    same fluid and force field
    Classifiers

     Grouped as;
     Horizontal current &
     Vertical current
    Settling cone
    Mechanical classifier
    Hydraulic classifier
    Spiral classifier
    Classification Cyclones
    Hydroclones
    hydrocyclone

     What is a classification cyclone?


     Static device (no moving parts)
     Purpose is to separate (classify) a feed
    into a
     Coarse fraction
     Fine fraction
     On the basis of size
     Transport medium is water
    hydrocyclone

     Terminology
     Hydrocyclone, classification cyclone and
    cyclone used interchangeably
     Slurry – mixture of ore particles and water
     Feed – slurry being introduced into the
    cyclone
     Overflow – contains the fine fraction
     Underflow – contains the coarse fraction
    Cyclone components

    1. Overflow elbow
    2. Vortex finder
    3. Inlet head
    4. Barrel
    5. Conical section
    6. Spigot
    factors affecting cyclone performance

     Cyclone diameter
     Feed pressure
     Vortex finder and spigot diameter
     Solids concentration in feed
    factors affecting cyclone performance

    Cyclone diameter

     Determines capacity
     Smaller cyclones
     High velocities and forces
     classify finer (other things being equal)
     d50c  Dcx
    factors affecting cyclone performance

    Feed pressure

     Flowrate of slurry determines feed


    pressure
     Pressure  Flowrate
     Normal operating pressure = 85 kPa
    factors affecting cyclone performance

    Vortex finder and spigot diameter

     Sizes determine volumetric split of feed


    fluid
     Water to underflow reduced by:
     spigot diameter 

     larger vortex finder

     higher pressures
    factors affecting cyclone performance
    Most important variable controlling its
    performance
    Optimum ~ 15% solids by
    volume
    practical aspects

     Underflow density
     high as possible - reduces amount of

    bypassing
     affects cut-point

     Max 50% solids by volume


    Compiled by: A. Rungani rungani@yahoo.co.uk +263778817943

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