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    PHASM/G 442: 2013: Problem Sheet 2: Please Return To DR Ryan Nichol at The November 14

    Uploaded by

    Roy Vesey
    This document contains 7 problems related to particle physics and quantum mechanics. Problem 1 asks to derive an expression for the kinetic energy of a particle resulting from the decay of another particle. Problem 2 asks to show an identity involving Mandelstam variables in particle scattering. Problem 3 provides definitions of Dirac spinor solutions and asks to derive normalization and completeness relations.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    PHASM/G 442: 2013: Problem Sheet 2: Please Return To DR Ryan Nichol at The November 14

    Uploaded by

    Roy Vesey
    14 views2 pages
    This document contains 7 problems related to particle physics and quantum mechanics. Problem 1 asks to derive an expression for the kinetic energy of a particle resulting from the decay of another particle. Problem 2 asks to show an identity involving Mandelstam variables in particle scattering. Problem 3 provides definitions of Dirac spinor solutions and asks to derive normalization and completeness relations.

    Original Description:

    4442 Particle Physics Exercise 2 (UCL)

    Original Title

    4442exercise_2

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    This document contains 7 problems related to particle physics and quantum mechanics. Problem 1 asks to derive an expression for the kinetic energy of a particle resulting from the decay of another particle. Problem 2 asks to show an identity involving Mandelstam variables in particle scattering. Problem 3 provides definitions of Dirac spinor solutions and asks to derive normalization and completeness relations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    14 views2 pages

    PHASM/G 442: 2013: Problem Sheet 2: Please Return To DR Ryan Nichol at The November 14

    Uploaded by

    Roy Vesey
    This document contains 7 problems related to particle physics and quantum mechanics. Problem 1 asks to derive an expression for the kinetic energy of a particle resulting from the decay of another particle. Problem 2 asks to show an identity involving Mandelstam variables in particle scattering. Problem 3 provides definitions of Dirac spinor solutions and asks to derive normalization and completeness relations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    PHASM/G 442 : 2013 : Problem Sheet 2

    Please return to Dr Ryan Nichol at the November 14th 2013 lecture.

    1. A particle of mass M decays at rest into a particle of mass m and a massless particle.
    Show that the kinetic energy, T , of the particle of mass m is:

    (M − m)2
    T = .
    2M
    Where T = E − m and E is the total energy of the particle of mass m.

    2. Consider the case of two-to-two particle scattering where, in terms of four-momenta,


    P1 + P2 → P3 + P4 . Show that
    4
    m2i
    X
    s+t+u=
    i=1

    where s = (P1 + P2 )2 , t = (P1 − P3 )2 and u = (P1 − P4 )2 are the Mandelstam variables


    and mi are the particle masses.

    3. The positive energy spinor solutions to the Dirac equation, u0,1 , are defined as:

    χ0,1
    ! ! !
    q
    0 1 1 0
    u0,1 = |E| + m  
    σ ·~
    ~ p where χ = and χ = .
    E+m
    χ0,1 0 1

    (a) Show that with this choice of normalisation, for s = 0, 1

    us us = 2m.

    (b) Without expanding ~σ · p~, calculate u1 u1 as a 2 × 2 matrix where each element is a


    2 × 2 matrix. Then derive the completeness relation
    X
    us us = p/ + m
    s=1,2

    where p/ = pµ γ µ and u1,2 are the two E > 0 spinor solutions to the Dirac equation.

    4. (a) Given Ĥψ = i dψ


    dt
    and the Dirac equation (iγ µ ∂µ − m) ψ = 0.
    Show that the Dirac Hamiltonian, ĤD , is given by,

     
    ~ + γ 0 m and
    ĤD = −iγ 0 ~γ · ∇
    !
    m ~σ · p~
    ĤD = .
    ~σ · p~ −m

    (b) If Y = u(a)Xu(b), where X is a 4×4 matrix, u(b) is a Dirac spinor and u(a) is an
    adjoint Dirac spinor (u = u† γ 0 ) for fermions b and a respectively.
    Show, by considering the dimensions of the matrices, that Y is a 1×1 matrix and
    hence that Y ∗ = Y † .

    1
    (c) Show, without using explicit matrix representations, that:

    Y ∗ = u(b)γ 0 X † γ 0 u(a).

    5. Using only the properties of the Pauli matrices (i.e. σi σj = δij I + iijk σk ) and without
    recourse to a specific representation show that for two vectors ~a and ~b that:

    (~σ · ~a)(~σ · ~b) = ~a · ~b + i~σ · (~a × ~b)

    and hence that (~σ · p~)2 = |~p|2

    6. (a) Defining γ5 = iγ 0 γ 1 γ 2 γ 3 show that γ52 = 1 and γ5† = γ5 .


    (b) Show that (γ µ )† = gµν γ ν and using this result show that (γ µ )† γ 0 = γ 0 γ µ .
    (c) By taking the Hermitian conjugate of the Dirac equation: (iγ µ ∂µ − m) u = 0 and
    multiplying (on the RHS) by γ 0 and using the result of part (a), show that the
    adjoint Dirac equation is:
    u (iγ µ ∂µ + m) = 0.

    7. (a) Find the commutator of the Dirac Hamiltonian, Ĥ (given in Q4), with the orbital
    angular momentum operator, L = r × p.
    (b) Find the commutator
    !
    of the Dirac Hamiltonian, Ĥ, with the spin operator, S = 12 Σ,
    ~σ 0
    where Σ = .
    0 ~σ
    (c) What do these relations imply for the total angular momentum, J = L + S.

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