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GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

COURSE FILE
Subject Name: Open Channel Flow
Subject Code: NCE043
Semester/ Year: VII, 4th
Faculty Name: Dr. Mohammad Amir Khan
Department: Civil Engineering

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Department of Civil Engineering


Vision of Civil Engineering Department:
To be a centre of excellence for practical oriented education in Civil Engineering.

Mission of Civil Engineering Department:


DM1: To impart excellent engineering education and produce competent professionals capable
to analyse, design and supervise construction of Civil Engineering structures for societal and
environmental needs.
DM2: To provide global avenues to the students and faculty to enhance their professional careers.
DM3: To collaborate with the industries to ensure efficient project management and
entrepreneurship development.

Program Educational Objectives (PEOs)


Civil EngineeringGraduates will be able to:
PEO1:Acquire knowledge and expertise in analysis, design and construction of Civil Engineering
structures with cost economics, structural safety, functional aesthetics and harmony conducive
tothe environment.
PEO2: Ensure rightengineering attitude for professional Civil Engineering roles and enhance
competency in work culture and higher education.
PEO3: Inculcate an attitude for lifelong learning to become ethical civil engineers and imbibe a
sense of responsible citizen to serve the society and the nation

Program Outcomes (POs)


1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science,
engineeringfundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex
engineering problems.
2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze
complexengineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles
of mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering
problemsand design system components or processes that meet the specified needs with
appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and
environmental considerations.

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge


andresearch methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of
data, and synthesis of the information to provide valid conclusions.
5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources,
andmodern engineering and I T tools including prediction and modeling to complex
engineering activities with an understanding of the limitations.
6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge
toassess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent
responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice.
7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional
engineeringsolutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the
knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.
8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and
responsibilitiesand norms of the engineering practice.
9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member
orleader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with
theengineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend
and write effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and
give and receive clear instructions.
11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding ofthe
engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a member
and leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to
engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological
change.

Program Specific Outcomes (PSOs) Program

Civil Engineering Graduates will be able to:

PSO 1. Plan and design for constructionofcivil engineering systems to meet the changing needs of
the society within realistic constraints of economy and environment with thrust on social and
ethical issues to ensure construction management, safety, quality and sustainability.

PSO 2. Design for construction of hydraulics structures, multi-storeyed buildings and industrial
structures, roads, railways, bridges, water supply and sewage treatment plants using various
principles of civil engineering.

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Course Learning Outcomes


Course Code NCE043
Course No.
Course Name Open channel flow
Course Statement (on completion of this course the student will be
Outcome able to)
learn various aspects of open channel flow and assess most economical
CO 1 conditions for an open channel.
understand the relation between energy and depth and compute flow
CO 2 variations due to channel transitions.
analyse the various flow profiles and analyse gradually varied flow.
CO 3
understand the characteristics of rapidly varied flow and carry out flow
CO 4 measurements in open channels.
learn spatially varied flow and its applications
CO 5
design non prismatic channels under various flow conditions.
CO 6

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Mapping of Course Outcome and Program Outcome

Design/developm

management and
The engineer and

Life-long learning
Environment and
Problem analysis

investigations of

Communication
ent of solutions

Individual and
sustainability
PO

Modern tool
Engineering
knowledge

team work
problems
complex
Conduct
CO

finance
Project
society

Ethics
usage
CO 1 2 2 2 2 - 1 - - - - - 2

CO 2 3 3 3 2 - 1 - - - - - 1

CO 3 2 2 2 2 - 1 - - - - - 2

CO 4 3 3 3 2 - 1 - - - - - 1

CO 5 3 3 3 2 - 1 - - - - - 2

CO 6 3 2 3 2 - 2 - - - - - 1

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Mapping of Course Outcome and Program Specific Outcome


PSO 1

PSO 2
PSO

CO

CO 1 2 2

CO 2 2 2

CO 3 3 3

CO 4 3 3

CO 5 3 3

CO 6 3 3

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Department of Civil Engineering


Course Name: B.Tech.
Evaluation Scheme

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Department of Civil Engineering


Course Name: Open Channel Flow
Time Table
Time 9.30- 10:20- 12:00- 12.50- 1.40-2.30 2.30- 3.20- 4.10-5.00
11:10-12:00
Day 10.20 11:10 12:50 1.40 3.20 4.10
Monday NCE-
043
B-103
Tuesday NCE-043
B-103

Wednesday NCE-043
B-103
Thursday NCE-043
B-103
Friday

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Lists of Students

S.
Roll No. Name of Student
No.

1409700001
1 ABHISHEK DWIVEDI

2 Abhishek Kumar 1409700002


3 Abhishek Mohan 1409700003
4 Abhishek Singh 1409700004
5 Adil Siddiqui 1409700006
6 Aditya Mohan Singh 1409700007
7 ADITYA PATEL 1409700008
8 Aditya Srivastava 1409700009
9 Aditya Vardhan 1409700010
10 Ajeet Singh 1409700011
11 AKASH PR TIWARI 1409700012
12 Akash Sharma 1409700013
13 AMAN JAISWAL 1409700015
14 Aman Singh 1409700016
15 Aman Verma 1409700017
16 Amar Singh Rajpoot 1409700018
17 Ambuj Singh 1409700019
18 Amit Kumar 1409700020
19 Anish Ali Siddiqui 1409700023
20 Ankit Kumar 1409700024
21 Anurag Narain 1409700025
22 Anurag Tiwari 1409700026
23 ARCHIT CHAUDHARY 1409700027
24 Aryaman Singh 1409700028
25 Ashar Siddiqi 1409700029
26 Ashutosh Singh Tyagi 1409700030
27 Atul Narayan Pathak 1409700031
28 Avinash Ratan 1409700032
29 AVIRAL PALIWAL 1409700033
30 Awadhesh Kumar 1409700034
31 Chandan Sharma 1409700035
32 Deepak Kumar Sahu 1409700036
33 Deepanshu Rana 1409700037

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

34 DEEPESH YADAV 1409700038


35 Devansh Kumar Singh 1409700039
36 Divya Kushwaha 1409700041
37 Dushyant Singh 1409700042
38 Gagandeep Kumar Garg 1409700043
39 GAURAV CHAUDHARY 1409700044
40 Ghulam Subhani 1409700046
41 HARIT KUMAR 1409700047
42 Hemant Kumar 1409700048
43 Himani Singh 1409700049
44 Himanshu Chauhan 1409700050
45 Himanshu Saini 1409700051
46 Jitendra Singh 1409700052
47 Krishna Tayal 1409700053
48 Lavakush Baranwal 1409700054
49 MANISH CHAKRAWARTY 1409700055
50 Manish Kumar Mishra 1409700056
51 Manish Kumar Singh 1409700057
52 MANISH KUMAR TRIPATHI 1409700058
53 MAYANK 1409700059
54 Mayank Mathur 1409700060
55 Mayank Mundey 1409700061
56 Mohammad Humaid Khan 1409700063
57 MOHD. ANAS AKRAM 1409700065
58 Moin Khan 1409700067
59 Musabe Riyaz 1409700068
60 Nagendra Kumar 1409700069
61 Namam Kumar Srivastava 1409700070
62 Nikhil Bhardwaj 1409700071
63 Nikhil Kumar Singh 1409700072
64 Nishant Dev 1409700073
65 Nitish kumar Mishra 1409700074
66 Piyush Tripathi 1409700075
67 PRANAY SINGH 1409700076
68 Pratik 1409700077
69 Pushpender Kumar 1409700079
70 Qaboos javaid Thakur 1409700080
71 Rahul Kumar Bharti 1409700081
72 Rahul Malik 1409700082

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

73 Rajat Pachauri 1409700084


74 RICHA AHIRWAR 1409700088
75 Rishabh Pratap Singh 1409700089
76 Rishav Saket 1409700090
77 RITESH RANJAN 1409700091
78 Saif Anwar 1409700092
79 Saleem Ahmad 1409700093
80 Saloni Singh 1409700094
81 Sharad Kumar Singh 1409700096
82 Shashi Kant 1409700097
83 Shivam Mishra 1409700098
84 Shivang Singh 1409700099
85 Shivansh Kumar Rai 1409700100
86 SHRIYA VERMA 1409700101
87 Shubham Khare 1409700102
88 Shubham Kumar 1409700103
89 Shubham Srivastava 1409700104
90 Shudhanshu Bajpai 1409700105
91 SHWETANK SHRESTH 1409700106
92 Sonal Tiwari 1409700107
93 Sonali Soni 1409700108
94 SUDHANSHU TIWARI 1409700109
95 Sumit Kumar 1409700110
96 Surabhi Pratap Singh 1409700111
97 Suyash Pandey 1409700112
98 UMANG PATHAK 1409700114
99 Utkarsh Swaroop 1409700115
100 Vaibhav Mishra 1409700116
101 Vishwajeet Yadav 1409700117
102 Vivek Kumar 1409700118
103 Vivek Kumar Gupta 1409700119
104 YATENDRA SINGH 1409700120
105 YATHARTH DAS 1409700121
106 Yogesh Maurya 1409700122
107 Yograj Rajpoot 1409700123
108 Shanu Singh 1409700919
109 Subham Kumar 1409700923
110 Keshav Kumar Singh 1409720025
111 Kailash Agrawal 1409721052

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

112 VISHAL SINGH 1409740120


113 ADEEBA 1509700901
114 AKASH GUPTA 1509700902
115 ALOK KUMAR 1509700903
116 AMIT TOMAR 1509700904
117 CHANDRAKANT TYAGI 1509700905
118 KABIR KAIN 1509700906
119 KM NEELAM YADAV 1509700907
120 MD SOAB 1509700909
121 MOHD AZAMALI ANSARI 1509700910
122 MONIKA RANI 1509700911
123 MUKUND MISHRA 1509700912
124 NAVJOT SINGH 1509700913
125 NEHA 1509700914
126 NRAPENDRA TIWARI 1509700915
127 PRIYANKA RANI 1509700917
128 PUNIT 1509700918
129 RISHI SINGH 1509700919
130 SINGH MOHIT VASUDEO 1509700920
131 VIKRAM SINGH 1509700921
132 VINEETA RAI 1509700922
133 VIPUL KUMAR 1509700923

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Academic Calendar

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Course Name
Syllabus
NCE‐ 043: Open Channel Flow

LTP
310

Unit – I Introduction: Basic concepts of free surface flows, velocity and pressure distribution, Mass,
energy and momentum principle for prismatic and non-prismatic channels, Review of Uniform flow:
Standard equations, hydraulically efficient channel sections, compound sections,

Energy-depth relations: Concept of specific energy, specific force, critical flow, critical depth, hydraulic
exponents, and channel transitions.

Unit – II Gradually Varied Flow (GVF): Equation of gradually varied flow and its limitations, flow
classification and surface profiles, Control sections, Computation methods and analysis: Integration of
varied flow equation by analytical, graphical and advanced numerical methods, Transitions of subcritical
and supercritical flow, flow in curved channels.

Unit – III Rapidly Varied Flow (RVF): Characteristics of rapidly varied flow, Classical hydraulic jump,
Evaluation of the jump elements in rectangular and non-rectangular channels on horizontal and sloping
beds, Hydraulic jump in gradually and suddenly expanding channels, submerged hydraulic jump, rolling
and sky jump, use of jump as an energy dissipater,

Flow measurement: by sharp crested and broad crested weirs, critical depth flumes, sluice gate, Free
overfall. Rapidly varied unsteady flow: Equation of motion for unsteady flow, “Celerity” of the gravity
wave, deep and shallow water waves, open channel positive and negative surge,

Unit‐IV Spatially Varied Flow (SVF): Basic principles, Differential SVF equations for increasing and
decreasing discharge, Classifications and solutions, Numerical methods for profile computation, Flow over
side-weir and Bottom-rack.

Unit – V: Flow in channel of non-linear alignment and non-prismatic channel sections, Design
considerations for sub critical and super critical flows, Design of culvert.

References:
1. Chow, V.T., Open channel Hydraulics, McGraw Hill International
2. Henderson, F.M., Open Channel Flow, McGraw Hill International
3. Subramanya, K., Flow in Open Channels, Tata McGraw Hill
4. Ranga Raju, K.G., Flow through open channels, T.M.H.
5. M. Hanif Chaudhry, Open Channel Flow, PHI

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

6. French, R.H., Open channel Hydraulics, McGraw Hill International


7. Srivastava, Flow through Open Channels, Oxford University Press.
8. Open Channel Flow by Madan Mohan Das

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Lecture Plan
Lect. Date Lecture Topic Mapping Reference/ Page No.
No. with CO Book
1. 14/8/2017 Basic concepts, open channel 1 K. 1-3
flow Subramanya
2. 16/8/2017 1 K. 6-11
Velocity and Pressure Subramanya
3. 18/8/2017 1 K. 4
Continuity Equation Subramanya
4. 21/8/2017 1 K. 11-12
Specific Energy & Momentum Subramanya
5. 22/8/2017 1 K. 13-14
Numerical Subramanya
6. 23/8/2017 1 K. 41-42
Critical flow Concepts Subramanya
7. 24/8/2017 1 K. 42-44
Application of Critical flow Subramanya
8. 28/8/2017 1 K. 44-47
Channel Transition Subramanya
9. 29/8/2017 1 K. 47-49
Application of Critical flow Subramanya
10. 30/8/2017 1 K. 50
Computation Subramanya
11. 31/8/2017 Uniform flow, Chezey's 2 K. 91-92
equation Subramanya
12. 3/9/2017 Uniform flow manning’s 2 K. 93-95
Equation Subramanya
13. 6/9/2017 2 K. 96
Computation of Uniform flow Subramanya
14. 7/9/2017 2 K. 110
Economical channel section Subramanya
15. 8/9/2017 Analysis of Economical 2 K. 111-115
Channel Subramanya
16. 11/9/2017 2 K. 115-123
Compound channel Subramanya
17. 12/9/2017 Introduction and classification 3 K. 170-173
of GVF Subramanya
18. 13/9/2017 3 K. 173-181
Analysis of GVF Subramanya
19. 14/9/2017 3 K. 185
Control point Subramanya
20. 15/9/2017 Numerical Methods of 3 K. 202
Solution Subramanya

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

21. 19/9/2017 3 K. 216-218


Direct Step method for GVF Subramanya
22. 20/9/2017 3 K. 218-222
Standard Step Method for GVF Subramanya
23. 22/9/2017 3 K. 222-232
Differential Method of GVF Subramanya
24. 3/10/2017 4 K. 234
Computation of GVF Subramanya
25. 4/10/2017 4 K. 260
Concept of RVF Subramanya
26. 6/10/2017 Hydraulic Jump of different 4 K. 260-262
types floors Subramanya
27. 9/10/2017 4 K. 261-265
Differential equation of RVF Subramanya
28. 10/10/2017 4 K. 299
Computation of RVF Subramanya
29. 11/10/2017 4 K. 313-348
Flow Measurements Subramanya
30. 12/10/2017 5 K. 472
Celerity & wave Surge Subramanya
31. 16/12/2017 5 K. 475-480
Concept of Unsteady flow Subramanya
32. 23/10/2017 Spatially Varied flow 5 K. 405
Subramanya
33. 24/10/2017 Numerical Methods of 5 K. 407-416
Solution Subramanya
34. 25/10/2017 5 K. 418
Side weir Subramanya
35. 26/10/2017 5 K. 427
Bottom Rock Subramanya
36. 6/11/2017 Flow in Non linear alignment 6 V.T. Chow 572
37. 9/11/2017 Flow in non Prismatic Channel 6 K. 575
Subramanya
38. 13/11/2017 Design Consideration of 6 V.T. Chow 650
Subcritical flow
39. 14/11/2017 Design Consideration of 6 K. 367
Culvert Subramanya
40. 15/11/2017 Design of Supercritical flow 6 V.T. Chow 655
Total Hrs: 40__________

Text Books: References:


1. Chow, V.T., Open channel Hydraulics, McGraw Hill International
3. Subramanya, K., Flow in Open Channels, Tata McGraw Hill
References:

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

1. Ranga Raju, K.G., Flow through open channels, T.M.H.


2. M. Hanif Chaudhry, Open Channel Flow, PHI
3. French, R.H., Open channel Hydraulics, McGraw Hill International
4. Srivastava, Flow through Open Channels, Oxford University Press.
5. Open Channel Flow by Madan Mohan Das

Faculty HOD

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Previous University Question papers

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GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

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GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

CO Based Assignment
CO:1 Assignment
Q1. (i) Define free surface flow and write comparisons of open channel flow Vs. pipe flow

(ii)Define is hydraulic gradient line? Brief up its significance for pipe flow and open channel flow.
Also explain energy grad line for open channel and pipe flow and show by neat sketch.

Q2. Classify the open channel flow. Also explain:

(i) Steady and unsteady flow (ii) Uniform and non uniform flow (iii) Laminar flow and
turbulent flow (iv) Reynold’s number and Froude’s number (v) Prismatic and non prismatic channel.
Q3. State three laws of conservation and their applications in the derivation of fundamental expression of
flow. Derive continuity equation for steady and unsteady flow condition.

Q4. While measuring discharge in a small stream it was found that the depth of flow increases at the ratio
of 0.1m/h. If the discharge at that section was 25m3/s and the surface width of the stream was 20m,
estimate the discharge at a section 1km upstream.

Q5. (i) Derive an expression for specific force for a rectangular channel.

(ii) Determine an expression for the slop of the straight line to which upper limb of the specific energy
curve is an asymptote for a channel having a bottom slope of θ.
(iii)
CO:2 Assignment
Q.6 A 2.4m wide rectangular channel has a specific energy of 1.5m when carrying discharge of 6.58m3/s.
Calculate depth and corresponding Froude number.

Q.7 Define section factor and derive its expression for triangular, rectangular, circular and trapezoidal
channel.

Q8. (i) Draw specific energy curves and derive the expression for the critical flow condition.

(i) On a specific energy diagram for a rectangular channel, prove that the slope of the straight line
2
joining the critical depth for different unit discharge is .
3
Q9. Specific energy for 3-m wide rectangular channel is 3Nm/N. What should be the maximum discharge?

Q10. Explain:

(ii) Critical depth (ii) Critical slop (iii) Supercritical flow (iv) Subcritical flow (v) Geometrical
properties of channels

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

CO:3 Assignment

Q11.Derive expression of flow over raised hump and apply specific energy in the flow analysis.

Q12. A rectangular channel has a width of 2.m and carries a discharge of 4.8 m3/s with a depth of 1.60m.
at certain section a small, smooth hump with a flat top and of height 0.1m is proposed to built.
Calculate the likely change in the water surface. Neglect the energy loss.

Q13. (i) Derive the condition for most efficient Trapezoidal Channel section for uniform flow.

(ii) Derive the conditions for most efficient rectangular and triangular Channel Section for uniform
flow.

Q14. A concrete-lined Trapezoidal channel (n = 0.015) is to have a side slope of 1.0 Horizontal: I
Vertical. The bottom slope is to be 0.0004. Find the bottom width of the channel necessary to carry
100 m3/s of discharge at a normal depth of 2.50 m.

Q15. Prove that, how y  081D and y  095 D in the case of hydraulically most efficient circular
channel section?

CO:4 Assignment

Q16. Explain velocity distribution in open channel flow. Also discuss how aspect ratio influences the
position of Velocity- dip in different channels.

Q17. What is Conveyance and section factor for uniform flow in open channel? Discuss channels of first
kind and channels of second kind.

Q18. Derive the expression of normal depth for trapezoidal channel section and also write it’s approximate
solution.

Q.19 Define section factor and derive its expression for triangular, rectangular, circular and trapezoidal
channel.

Q20. Compute the normal depth in a trapezoidal channel having a bottom-width of 10 m, side slopes of
2H to 1V and carrying a flow of 30 m3/s. The slope of the channel bottom is 0.001 and n = 0.013.

CO:5 Assignment

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GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Q21. A triangular channel section with an apex angle of 600 carries a flow of 1.20m3/sat a depth of 0.8m.
If the bed slope is 0.009, find the roughness coefficient of the channel.

Q22.Determine the maximum discharge through a circular pipe of 2m diameter with a bed slope of 1/1000.
Also determine the depth for maximum and the corresponding discharge, Chezy’s constant C=60.

Q23.Compute the mean velocity and discharge for a depth of flow of 0.30 m from a lined trapezoidal
channel of 0.6 m wide and side slope of 1.5 horizontal : 1 vertical. The Manning’s roughness (n) is
0.012 and the bed slope is 0.0003.

Q24. Determine the normal depth for a discharge of 90m3/s in trapezoidal and rectangular channel section
having bottom width of 5m side slope is 1:1 (H:V) and bed slope is 0.0009. The Manning’s n is 0.013.

Supplementary Questions:
Q1. Show the application of specific energy in the flow analysis of transition with width constriction.

Q2. Calculate the critical depth and the corresponding specific energy for a discharge of 5.0 m3/s in
following channels:

(a) Recthagular channel , B= 2.0m


(b) Triangular channel m= 0.5
(c) Trapezoidal channel, B= 2.0m, m= 1.5
(d) Circular channel, D= 2.00m
Q4. Derive the expression for energy correction factor and momentum correction factor in open channel
flow.

Q5. Describe Manning’s equation for uniform flow in an open channel with its limitations. Also find the
depth of flow under uniform condition for a rectangular channel 1.0m wide having velocity of 1m/s, bed
slope 2x10-3 and n=0.015.

Q6. Show that the normal depth in triangular channel of side slopes m horizontal: 1 vertical is given by

3/8
 Qn   m 2  1
1/ 8

y n  1.1892   5 
 S b   m 

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Value Added Topics

 Designing of Economical channel


 GVF on heterogeneous channel slop
 Location and application hydraulic jump
 Side weir and Bottom racks
 Design of culvert

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Details of Online resources


NPTL: http://nptel.ac.in/courses/105103096/3
MIT: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/civil-and-environmental-
engineering/1-060-engineering-mechanics-ii-spring-2006/lecture-notes/

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GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Sessional Papers
Roll No. : …………………………………….

GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND


TECHNOLOGY
1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Sessional Examination I : Odd Semester 2017-18

Course/Branch : B.Tech./CE Semester: VII


Subject Name :Open Channel Flow Max. Marks: 40
Subject Code : NCE043 Time: 2 hours

CO 1 : To develop in depth knowledge of conservation principles, specific energy and


critical flow in open channel flow
CO 2 : To understand the concept of uniform flow, most efficient channel and gradually
varied flow.

Section – A (CO :1)

Attempt any four questions. Question no. 1 is compulsory.


(4x5=20)

Q.1 Define free surface flow and write comparisons of open channel flow vs. pipe flow.

Q.2 Define hydraulic gradient line. Brief up its significance for pipe flow and open channel flow.
Also explain energy grad line for open channel and pipe flow and show by neat sketch.

Q.3 A 2.4m wide rectangular channel has a specific energy of 1.5m when carrying discharge of
6.58m3/s. Estimate depth and corresponding Froude number.

Q.4 Develop an expression for specific force for a rectangular channel.

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GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Q.5 Define following;

(i) Steady and unsteady flow (ii) Uniform and non-uniform flow (iii) Prismatic and non-prismatic

Section – B (CO :2)

Attempt any four questions. Question no. 6 is compulsory.


(4x5=20)

Q.6 State five important assumptions made in gradually varied flow (GVF) discussion.

Q.7 Develop governing expression of GVF in terms of normal depth and critical depth.

Q.8 Infer, how y=081D and y=095D in the case of hydraulically most efficient circular channel.

Q.9 Explain characteristics of S1 and M2 profile with example.

Q.10 A 10-m wide, rectangular, concrete-lined channel (n = 0.013) has a bottom slope of 0.01 and
a constant-level reservoir at the upstream end. The reservoir water level is 6.0 m above the
channel bottom at entrance. Assuming the entrance losses and the approach velocity in the
reservoir to be negligible, determine the channel discharge and qualitatively sketch the water
surface profile.

Roll No. : …………………………………….

GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND


TECHNOLOGY
1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Sessional Examination I : Odd Semester 2017-18

Course/Branch : B.Tech./CE Semester: VII


Subject Name :Open Channel Flow Max. Marks: 40

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Subject Code : NCE043 Time: 2 hours

CO 3: Numerical Analysis of GVF and flow measurement


CO 4: To develop the concept of rapidly varied flow unsteady rapidly varied flow.

Section – A (CO :3)

Attempt any four questions. Question no. 1 is compulsory.


(4x5=20)

Q.1 Differentiate sharp crested weir and broad crested weir.

Q.2 Derive the calculus based expression for the GVF.

Q.3 Explain in detail any critical depth flume.

Q.4 A trapezoidal channel having a bottom slope of 0.001 is carrying a flow of 30 m3/s. The
bottom width is 10.0 m and the side slopes are 2H to 1V.At the downstream end, a control structure
raises the water depth to 5.0 m. Determine the water-surface levels at 2, and 4 km upstream of
control structure. The Manning n for the flow surfaces is 0.013, α = 1.0, and the elevation of the
channel bottom at the downstream end is 0.0.
Q.5 Define following;

(i) Steady and unsteady flow (ii) Uniform and non-uniform flow (iii) Prismatic and non-prismatic

Section – B (CO :4)

Attempt any four questions. Question no. 6 is compulsory.


(4x5=20)

Q.6 State five important assumptions made in gradually varied flow (GVF) discussion.

Q.7 Develop governing expression of GVF in terms of normal depth and critical depth.

Q.8 Infer, how y=081D and y=095D in the case of hydraulically most efficient circular channel.

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GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Q.9 Explain characteristics of S1 and M2 profile with example.

Q.10 A 10-m wide, rectangular, concrete-lined channel (n = 0.013) has a bottom slope of 0.01 and
a constant-level reservoir at the upstream end. The reservoir water level is 6.0 m above the
channel bottom at entrance. Assuming the entrance losses and the approach velocity in the
reservoir to be negligible, determine the channel discharge and qualitatively sketch the water
surface profile.

Roll No. : …………………………………….


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY
1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.
Pre University Test : Odd Semester 2017-18

Course/Branch : B Tech - CE Semester :


VII Subject Name : Open Channel Flow
Max. Marks : 100
Subject Code : NCE-043 Time :3
hours

NOTE: This question paper is from all six Course Outcomes (COs). Mapping of questions with
COs is provided in the table (provided in the last of question paper).

Q.1: Attempt all the TEN questions. Each question is of TWO marks. (11@2
= 22)
a) Differentiate between uniform and non-uniform flow also writes difference between
laminar and turbulent flow. (CO1)
b) What is velocity dip? (CO1)
c) Explain section factor and conveyance factor.(CO2)
d) For most economical triangular section, what should be the apex angle? (CO2)
e) Differentiate between GVF and RVF (CO3)
f) What is control point? (CO3)
g) Explain hydraulic jump and sequent depths.(CO4)

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GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

h) Write assumptions made in RVF. (CO4)


i) Discuss types of bottom racks. (CO5)
j) What are uses of side weirs? (CO5)
k) Write any four factors affecting culvert flow. (CO6)

Q.2: Attempt any SIX questions (internal choice, one question per CO). Each question is of
FIVE marks. (6@5
= 30)
a) Show that for a rectangular channel carrying constant discharge, the specific energy is
minimum when the depth is critical. (CO1)
OR
Define free surface flow and write comparisons of open channel flow vs. pipe flow.
(CO1)

b) Define control section. Show control sections in gradually varied flow profiles with the
help of sketches. (CO2)
OR
Develop basic governing expression of GVF.

c) Differentiate sharp crested weir and broad crested weir. (CO3)


OR
A trapezoidal channel having a bottom slope of 0.0015 is carrying a flow of 10 m3/s.
The bottom width is 10.0 m and the side slopes are 2H to 1V.At the downstream end, a
control structure raises the water depth to 6.0 m. Determine the water-surface levels at
2, and 4 km upstream of control structure. The Manning n for the flow surfaces is 0.013,
α = 1.0, and the elevation of the channel bottom at the downstream end is 0.0.

d) Also prove a relation rectangular channel for the positive surge moving down stream.
(CO4)

(𝑉𝑤 − 𝑉1 )2 1 𝑦2 𝑦2
= ( + 1)
𝑔𝑦1 2 𝑦1 𝑦1

OR
Analyze energy loss due to jump in non-rectangular channel.

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GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

e) Analyze in detail the Modified Hinds Method’ used for profile computation is SVF.
(CO5)

OR
Classify the bottom racks in terms of flow with neat sketches.
f) A 5m wide rectangular canal carries a discharge of 10 m3/s at a flow depth of 1.25m
and has a manning’s coefficient as 0.015. It has a bend with centerline radius of 30m
and included angle of 45 degree. Find the super elevation? (CO6)

OR
Discuss in detail superelevation in the curved channel.

NOTE: For preparation of Question No. 3 to Question. No. 8, use any one or more format
from the following :
 Attempt any one question out of given two questions. (1@8 =
8)
OR
 Attempt any two questions out of given three questions.

Q.3: Explain cases of channel transitions of subcritical and supercritical flow in detail. (CO1)
OR
Discuss the pressure and velocity distribution in the open channel flow.
Q.4: For a trapezoidal channel of most economical section, prove that:
(i) Half of top width= length of one of the sloping side.
(ii) Hydraulic mean= (l/2) x Depth of flow. (CO2)
OR
Using the basic differential equations of GVF show that dy/dx is positive for S1,M3 and S3
profiles.

Q.5: A trapezoidal channel having bottom width of 6m, side slope of 2H:1V, Manning’s roughness
coefficient 0.025, and bottom slope 0.0016 carries a discharge of 10m3/s. Compute the back

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

water profile created by a dam which backs up the water to a depth of 2.0m immediately
behind the dam. Use direct step method for computation. (CO3)

OR
Analyze the broad creased and sharp created weirs with their merits and demerits. Also
analyze the classifications of bread crested weirs.

Q.6: A spillway discharges a flood flow at a rate of 7.75m3/s/m width. At the downstream
horizontal apron the depth of flow was found to be 0.50m. What tail water depth is needed
to form a hydraulic jump? If a jump is formed, find its (a) type, (b) length, (c) head loss, (d)
energy loss as percentage of the initial energy.
OR
Derive the governing expression for rapidly varied flow phenomena and sequent depth
ratio for the rectangular channel.

Q.7: Write the assumptions made for the derivation of side weir by De Marchi and derive the
governing expression for the same. (CO5)
OR
A rectangular channel 1.5 m wide conveys a discharge of 1.7 m3/s at a depth of 0.6 m. A
uniformly discharging side weir with crest at 0.42 m above the bed at the commencement of
the side weir is proposed to divert a flow of 0.30 m3/s laterally. Design the length of the side
weir and other geometry of the channel at the weir.

Q.8: Discuss in detail about hydraulically long and short culverts. (CO6)
OR
How will the flow takes place in channel of non–linear alignment and non-prismatic
sections? Discuss in detail.

=================== Questions and COs Mapping ========================

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

CO No. CO-1 CO-2 CO-3 CO-4 CO-5 CO-6


Q1a+b; Q2a; Q1c+d; Q2b; Q1e+f; Q2c; Q1g+h; Q2d; Q1i+j; Q2e; Q1k; Q2f;
Question Nos.
Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8
Total Marks 17 17 17 17 17 15

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

List of Slow Learners


Sr. No Roll No Name
1. 1409700029 ASHAR SIDDIQI

2. ATUL NARAYAN
1409700031
PATHAK

3. 1409700033 AVIRAL PALIWAL

4. 1409700035 CHANDAN SHARMA

5. 1409700037 DEEPANSHU RANA

6. 1409700048 HEMANT KUMAR

7. 1409700051 HIMANSHU SAINI

8. MANISH KUMAR
1409700056
MISHRA

9. 1409700060 MAYANK MATHUR

10. NIKHIL KUMAR


1409700072
SINGH

11. 1409700073 NISHANT DEV

12. NITISH KUMAR


1409700074
MISHRA

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Extra Class Timetable


Not Required
Attendance Sheet of Extra classes of slow learners
Not Required

Fast Learners
Sr. no Name of student Roll no
1. 1409700007 ADITYA MOHAN SINGH

2. 1409700008 ADITYA PATEL

3. 1409700017 AMAN VERMA

4. 1409700018 AMAR SINGH RAJPOOT

5. 1409700025 ANURAG NARAIN

6. 1409700034 AWADHESH KUMAR

7. 1409700036 DEEPAK KUMAR SAHU

8. DEVANSH KUMAR
1409700039
SINGH

9. 1409700050 HIMANSHU CHAUHAN

10. MANISH
1409700055
CHAKRAWARTY

11. 1409700059 MAYANK

12. 1409700061 MAYANK MUNDEY

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Internal marks

S. Name of Marks
Roll No.
No. Student (50)

1 ABHISHEK DWIVEDI 1409700001 42


2 Abhishek Kumar 1409700002 48
3 Abhishek Mohan 1409700003 42
4 Abhishek Singh 1409700004 45
5 Adil Siddiqui 1409700006 33
6 Aditya Mohan Singh 1409700007 39
7 ADITYA PATEL 1409700008 36
8 Aditya Srivastava 1409700009 36
9 Aditya Vardhan 1409700010 48
10 Ajeet Singh 1409700011 49
11 AKASH PR TIWARI 1409700012 45
12 Akash Sharma 1409700013 39
13 AMAN JAISWAL 1409700015 45
14 Aman Singh 1409700016 45
15 Aman Verma 1409700017 33
16 Amar Singh Rajpoot 1409700018 30
17 Ambuj Singh 1409700019 42
18 Amit Kumar 1409700020 39
19 Anish Ali Siddiqui 1409700023 45
20 Ankit Kumar 1409700024 48
21 Anurag Narain 1409700025 36
22 Anurag Tiwari 1409700026 48
23 ARCHIT CHAUDHARY 1409700027 48
24 Aryaman Singh 1409700028 50
25 Ashar Siddiqi 1409700029 30
26 Ashutosh Singh Tyagi 1409700030 45
27 Atul Narayan Pathak 1409700031 30
28 Avinash Ratan 1409700032 42
29 AVIRAL PALIWAL 1409700033 30
30 Awadhesh Kumar 1409700034 36
31 Chandan Sharma 1409700035 30
32 Deepak Kumar Sahu 1409700036 33
33 Deepanshu Rana 1409700037 30

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

34 DEEPESH YADAV 1409700038 39


35 Devansh Kumar Singh 1409700039 36
36 Divya Kushwaha 1409700041 48
37 Dushyant Singh 1409700042 42
38 Gagandeep Kumar Garg 1409700043 50
39 GAURAV CHAUDHARY 1409700044 45
40 Ghulam Subhani 1409700046 36
41 HARIT KUMAR 1409700047 50
42 Hemant Kumar 1409700048 30
43 Himani Singh 1409700049 36
44 Himanshu Chauhan 1409700050 36
45 Himanshu Saini 1409700051 33
46 Jitendra Singh 1409700052 39
47 Krishna Tayal 1409700053 50
48 Lavakush Baranwal 1409700054 48
49 MANISH CHAKRAWARTY 1409700055 42
50 Manish Kumar Mishra 1409700056 30
51 Manish Kumar Singh 1409700057 45
52 MANISH KUMAR TRIPATHI 1409700058 45
53 MAYANK 1409700059 36
54 Mayank Mathur 1409700060 30
55 Mayank Mundey 1409700061 33
56 Mohammad Humaid Khan 1409700063 39
57 MOHD. ANAS AKRAM 1409700065 45
58 Moin Khan 1409700067 39
59 Musabe Riyaz 1409700068 45
60 Nagendra Kumar 1409700069 36
61 Namam Kumar Srivastava 1409700070 36
62 Nikhil Bhardwaj 1409700071 33
63 Nikhil Kumar Singh 1409700072 33
64 Nishant Dev 1409700073 30
65 Nitish kumar Mishra 1409700074 30
66 Piyush Tripathi 1409700075 50
67 PRANAY SINGH 1409700076 33
68 Pratik 1409700077 45
69 Pushpender Kumar 1409700079 30
70 Qaboos javaid Thakur 1409700080 30
71 Rahul Kumar Bharti 1409700081 42
72 Rahul Malik 1409700082 30

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

73 Rajat Pachauri 1409700084 42


74 RICHA AHIRWAR 1409700088 45
75 Rishabh Pratap Singh 1409700089 30
76 Rishav Saket 1409700090 30
77 RITESH RANJAN 1409700091 30
78 Saif Anwar 1409700092 30
79 Saleem Ahmad 1409700093 30
80 Saloni Singh 1409700094 39
81 Sharad Kumar Singh 1409700096 39
82 Shashi Kant 1409700097 30
83 Shivam Mishra 1409700098 49
84 Shivang Singh 1409700099 30
85 Shivansh Kumar Rai 1409700100 50
86 SHRIYA VERMA 1409700101 50
87 Shubham Khare 1409700102 50
88 Shubham Kumar 1409700103 33
89 Shubham Srivastava 1409700104 36
90 Shudhanshu Bajpai 1409700105 30
91 SHWETANK SHRESTH 1409700106 42
92 Sonal Tiwari 1409700107 42
93 Sonali Soni 1409700108 45
94 SUDHANSHU TIWARI 1409700109 39
95 Sumit Kumar 1409700110 30
96 Surabhi Pratap Singh 1409700111 42
97 Suyash Pandey 1409700112 48
98 UMANG PATHAK 1409700114 45
99 Utkarsh Swaroop 1409700115 36
100 Vaibhav Mishra 1409700116 30
101 Vishwajeet Yadav 1409700117 42
102 Vivek Kumar 1409700118 39
103 Vivek Kumar Gupta 1409700119 30
104 YATENDRA SINGH 1409700120 30
105 YATHARTH DAS 1409700121 42
106 Yogesh Maurya 1409700122 39
107 Yograj Rajpoot 1409700123 30
108 Shanu Singh 1409700919 30
109 Subham Kumar 1409700923 30
110 Keshav Kumar Singh 1409720025 42
111 Kailash Agrawal 1409721052 49

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

112 VISHAL SINGH 1409740120 49


113 ADEEBA 1509700901 36
114 AKASH GUPTA 1509700902 30
115 ALOK KUMAR 1509700903 30
116 AMIT TOMAR 1509700904 30
117 CHANDRAKANT TYAGI 1509700905 39
118 KABIR KAIN 1509700906 33
119 KM NEELAM YADAV 1509700907 48
120 MD SOAB 1509700909 30
MOHD AZAMALI
121 1509700910 30
ANSARI
122 MONIKA RANI 1509700911 49
123 MUKUND MISHRA 1509700912 30
124 NAVJOT SINGH 1509700913 30
125 NEHA 1509700914 30
126 NRAPENDRA TIWARI 1509700915 30
127 PRIYANKA RANI 1509700917 36
128 PUNIT 1509700918 42
129 RISHI SINGH 1509700919 42
SINGH MOHIT
130 1509700920 36
VASUDEO
131 VIKRAM SINGH 1509700921 33
132 VINEETA RAI 1509700922 39
133 VIPUL KUMAR 1509700923 30

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Question bank for slow learners


Q.1 Calculate the critical depth and the corresponding specific energy for a discharge of 5m3/sec in the
following channels.

(a) Rectangular Channel B=2.0 m

(b) Triangular channel, m=0.5

Q.2 A rectangular channel has a width of 2m and carries a discharge of 4.8 m3/sec with a depth of 1.6 m, at
a certain section a small hump is provided with a flat top of height 0.1 m is proposed to be built. Calculate
the likely change in the water surface. Neglect the energy loss.

Q.3 Explain the different types of flow in open channel. Also explain the velocity distribution in open
channel.

Q.4. Explain in detail the energy-depth relationship and its curve.

Q.5 Explain the effect of reducing the width of channel on depth of flow on the basis of specific energy.

Q.6 A 2.5 m wide rectangular channel has a specific energy of 1.5 m when carrying the discharge of 6.48
m3/sec. Calculate the alternate depths and corresponding Froude numbers.

Q.7 Derive the Chezy’s equation for calculating discharge in an open channel.

Q.8 Explain kinetic energy and momentum correction factors and their significance.

Q.9 Derive the most economical channel conditions for a trapezoidal channel.

Q.10 A trapezoidal channel is 10 m wide and has a side slope of 1.5 horizontal: 1 Vertical. The bed slope
is 0.0003. The channel is lined with smooth concrete of n = 0.012. Compute the mean velocity and discharge
for a depth of flow of 3 m.

Q.11 A slightly rough brick lined (n=0.017) trapezoidal channel carrying a discharge of 25 m3/sec is have
to be a slope of 0.0004. Analyze the proportions of an efficient trapezoidal channel having a side slope of
1.5 horizontal: 1 vertical.

Q12. Explain: a. Normal Depth

b. Hydrodynamically Smooth and Rough Surfaces

Q.13 Explain the classification of gradually varied flow profiles with diagrams.

Q.14 A rectangular channel with a bottom width of 4.0 m and a bottom slope of 0.0008 has a discharge of
1.5 m3/sec. In a gradually varied flow in this channel, the depth at a certain location is found to be 0.3 m.
Assuming n=0.016. Determine the type of GVF profile and draw its sketch.

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GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Q.15 A triangular channel of side slope 1.5H to 1 V has longitudinal slope of 0.0004 and Manning’s n =
0.022. If discharge is 1.5m3/s , find the slope of water surface at a section where depth of flow is 1.2m

Q.16 Derive the basic differential equation for gradually varied flow

Q.17 Analyse and sketch the flow profile in case of following break of grades :

a. Mild to Milder

b. Steeper to Steep

Q.18 Derive the expression for direct integration of GVF differential equation.

Q.19 Briefly explain the classification of jumps with diagram.

Q.20 In a hydraulic jump occurring in a rectangular channel of 3.0 m width, the discharge is 7.8 m3/sec
and the depth before jump is 0.28m. Estimate:

(i) Sequent depth, and (ii) Energy loss in the jump.

Q.21 Derive the expression for sequent depth ratio in terms of upstream froude’s number.

Q.22 Explain sharp crested weir and derive the expression for discharge over it.

Q.23 What do you mean by surges. Explain the different types with the help of diagrams.

Q.24 Explain following :

a. Velocity profile in a hydraulic jump

b. Specific Force.

Q. 25 What do you mean by hydraulic jump? Write down its applications.

Q.26 What do you mean by following?

a. Undulating jump

b. Weak jump

c. Oscillating jump

d. Strong jump

Q.27 Derive the expression for the energy loss during a hydraulic jump also write down the

assumption made.

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GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Q.28 Write a short note on hydraulic jump as an energy dissipater.

Q.29 A trapezoidal channel having bottom width 8m and side slope 1 Horizontal to 1 vertical,

carries a discharge of 100 cumecs. Find the depth conjugate to initial depth of 1.0m

before the jump. Also determine the energy loss of the jump. (Ans 4.15m and 0.68m)

Q.30 Find the sequent depth and energy loss in a hydraulic jump in a rectangular channel 4.3m

wide 0.5m deep. The discharge through channel is 8.9cumec. (Ans. 1.08m and 0.09m)

Q.31 A rectangular channel is provided with a energy dissipater. It is required to have an

energy loss of 4.5m. The inlet Froude number is 9.6. Find the sequent depth. (Ans. 0.13

and 4.5m)

Q.32 The depth of flow of water, at a certain section of a rectangular channel of 6m wide, is

1m. The discharge through the channel is 24 cumecs. If a hydraulic jump takes place as

the d/s side, find the depth of flow after the jump. (Ans. 1.31m).

Q.33 A hydraulic jump occurs in horizontal rectangular channel with sequent depths of 0.25m

and 4.9 m. Calculate the rate of flow per unit width, energy loss and initial Froude

number. (Ans. 14.21, 5.56 cumec/m, 20.52m respectively)

Q.34 A rectangular channel wit slope of 0.077 and depth 1.93m carries a flow of 64 cumec/m.

Estimate sequent depth, length of jump and energy loss in the hydraulic jump. (Ans.

19.86m, 25.82m,127.26m,58m respectively)

Q.35 Sluice gate has a discharge of 27cumec. The gate opening is 0.8m and coefficient of contraction is
0.6. The width is 3.2m. Estimate type of hydraulic jump when tail water is 6.1m. (Ans. 5.26m)

Q.36 A surge travels upstream at a velocity of 5m/s in a channel. Prior to the generation of surge flow was
steady, with a depth of 2.0m and velocity of 1.5 m/s. Calculate the surge height. (Ans. 1.26m)

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.


GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Objective Questions for fast learners


1. The phenomenon occurring in an open channel when a rapidly flowing stream abruptly

changes to slowly flowing stream causing a distinct rise of liquid surface, is

a. Water hammer

b. Hydraulic jump

c. Critical discharge

d. None of the above

2. For a given discharge in a horizontal frictionless channel two depths may have the same

specific force. These two depths are known as

a. Specific depths

b. Sequent depths

c. Alternate depths

d. Normal depth and critical depth

3 Shooting flow can never occur

a. Directly after a hydraulic jump

b. In a horizontal channel

c. In a mild slope channel

d. In a steep slope channel

4. A Surge travels upstream at a velocity of 3m/s. If the steady state velocity in the channel

was, 0.6m/s and flow depth in channel is 1m. The celerity would be

a. 3.6 m/s

b. 3.0 m/s

c. 2.4m/s

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GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

d. 1 m/s

5. In the above problem the height of the surge is given by

a. 1.20 m

b. 0.2m

c. 1 m

d. 2 m

6. Development of surges in the open channel is

a. Gradually varied flow

b. Rapidly varied flow

c. Steady flow

d. Normal flow

7. Under which of the following conditions steady non-uniform flow in open channels
occurs?

a. When for a constant discharge the liquid depth in the channel varies along its length

b. When a constant discharge flows at the constant depth

c. When a constant discharge flows in a channel laid at a fixed slope

d. When the discharge and the depth both vary along the channel length

8. When the depth of flow changes gradually over a length of the channel, then the flow will
be termed as

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GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

a. Rapidly varied flow

b. Critical flow

c. Gradually varied flow

d. Uniform flow

9. Non-uniform flow may cause by

a. The change in width, depth, bed slope etc. of the channel

b. An obstruction, across a channel of uniform width

c. None of the above.

d. Both (a) and (b)

10. The phenomenon occurring in an open channel when a rapidly flowing stream
abruptly changes to slowly flowing stream causing a distinct rise of liquid surface, is

a. Uniform flow

b. Critical discharge

c. Hydraulic jump

d. None of the above

11. The channel whose boundary is not deformable is known as

a. Rigid channel

b. Prismatic channel

c. Mobile channel

d. Boundary channel

12. Steady flow in an open channel exists when the:

a. flow is uniform

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GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

b. depth does not change with time

c. channel is frictionless

d. channel bed is not curved

13. In the uniform flow in a channel of small bed slope, the hydraulic grade line:

(a) coincides with the bed

(b) is considerably below the free surface

(c) is considerably above the free surface

(d) essentially coincides with the free surface

14. A uniform flow takes place in a steep channel of large slope. The hydraulic gradient line
:

(a) coincides with the bed

(b) essentially coincides with the free surface

(c) is above the free surface

(d) is below the free surface

15. One-dimensional method of flow analysis means:

(a) uniform flow

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GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

(b) steady uniform flow

(c) neglecting the variations in the transverse directions

(d) neglecting the variations in the longitudinal direction

16. For an open channel flow to take place between two sections :

(a) the channel bed must always slope in the direction of the flow

(b) the upstream depth must be larger than the downstream depth

(c) the upstream momentum must be larger than the downstream momentum

(d) the total energy at the upstream end must be larger than the total energy at the downstream
section

17. Piezometric head is the sum of:

(a) pressure head, datum head and velocity head

(b) datum head and velocity head

(c) pressure head and velocity head

(d) pressure head and datum head

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GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Attainment (to be discussed)


At the End of this course, student will be able to understand

Open channel, difference of open channel and pipe flow


Continuity equations
Concepts of Critical depth, Specific Energy and Specific Force
Application specific energy concept to understand flow phenomenon in open channel flow
Characteristics of Uniform flow
Chezy’s and manning’s equation
Calculation of normal depth and velocity
Designing of channel for uniform flow for non erodible channel

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GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, U.P.

Fundamental of gradually varied flow


Characteristics and classification of flow profile
Computations of gradually varied flow profile
Characteristics of rapidly varied flow
Concept of hydraulic jump, types of hydraulic jump, basic characteristics of jump
Use of jump their location
Rapidly varied unsteady flow: surge, waves and celerity
Spatially Varied flow and flow through non prismatic alignment
Design of Culvert

Attach few samples of following at the end of course file:


Assignment Samples (based on CO)
Sessional and PUT Copies
Course Exit Survey
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Subject Name & Subject Code Course File Page No.

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