Citizenship Training

NSTP 1 Common Module

Outline of Presentation

A. Definition of Terms and General Principles

B. Article IV, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
CITIZENSHIP
C. Article III, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
BILL OF RIGHTS
D. HUMAN RIGHTS
E. DUTIES AND OBLIGATIONS
Definition of Terms and General Principles

Citizenship Training
Definition of Terms

• CITIZENSHIP
• Status of being a member of a body politic owing allegiance to
• Entitled to reciprocal protection from its government (state)

Relationship: Symbiotic/ Reciprocal

Bases: Necessity Theory/ Social Contract Theory

Protection and provision of goods and services

Allegiance
Definition of Terms

• CITIZENSHIP

• POLITICAL IDENTITY
• A political tag outside one’s country
• An identity which denotes responsibility
• Outside one’s country, a citizen serves as an ambassador/ ambassadress of
goodwill
• Determines what rights to be afforded to individuals
• Political rights are only exercised by citizens, not by aliens
• Some civil and economic rights are EXCLUSIVELY afforded by a citizen
• i.e. Ownership of industries and practice of professions
General Principles

• Three (3) Modes of Acquiring Citizenship

By BIRTH By NATURALIZATION By MARRIAGE

General Principles

• Jus Soli -> Citizenship by Place of Birth

-> After the adoption of the 1935 Constitution, only the Jus Sanguinis doctrine
was implemented

• Jus Sanguinis -> Citizenship by Blood

-> The principle invokes citizenship not by the place of birth but by having one or
both parents who are citizens of the state
Article IV, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
CITIZENSHIP
Citizenship Training
FILIPINO CITIZENS
Citizens under 1935 Constitution

Children of Filipino Parents

Election of Philippine Citizenship

naturalized in accordance with the

law
FILIPINO CITIZENS
1935 COMMONWEALTH
1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION
CONSTITUITION
Filipino Citizens at the adoption of the 1987 Filipino Citizens at the adoption of the
Philippine constitution Commonwealth Constitution
Born in the Philippine islands of foreign parents
who, prior to the adoption of the Commonwealth
Fathers or Mothers are Filipino Citizens
constitution, had been elected to public office
in the Philippine islands
Born before January 17, 1973 of Filipino mothers, Fathers were citizens of the Philippines and
who chose Philippine citizenship at the age of mothers were citizens of the Philippines who
majority chose Philippine citizenship at the age of majority

Naturalized in accordance with law Naturalized in accordance with law

Article IV, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
CITIZENSHIP
• Section 1 Paragraph 4 “Those who are naturalized in accordance with the law”

 Modes of Naturalization
1. Direct – Citizenship is acquired by:
(i) Individual, through judicial or administrative proceedings;
(ii) Special Act of Legislature
(iii) Collective change of Nationality, as a result of cession or subjugation; or
(iv) In some cases, by adoption of orphan minors as nationals of the State where they
are born

2. Derivative – Citizenship Conferred on:

(i) Wife of Naturalized Husband
(ii) Minor Children of Naturalized Person; or on the
(iii) Alien woman upon marriage to a national
Article IV, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
CITIZENSHIP

• Three (3) Classifications of Filipino Citizens

a) Native – Born Citizens – those who are actually born in the Philippines

b) Natural – Born Citizens – those who are citizens of the Philippines from
birth without having to perform any act to acquire or perfect their
Philippine Citizenship. [Art IV Sec 2.]

c) Naturalized Citizens – those aliens who opted to become Filipino

citizens through the process of naturalization
Article IV, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
CITIZENSHIP

Philippine Citizenship may be lost or reacquired in the

manner provided by the law.
• Loss of Citizenship (Expatriation)
1) Naturalization
2) Renunciation of Citizenship
3) Subscribing an Oath of Allegiance in another country
4) Rendering service or accepting foreign commissions unless with
countries where Philippines has offensive and defensive treaty (like
the USA)
5) Denaturalization
6) When guilty of deserting the Armed Forces of the Philippines
Article IV, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
CITIZENSHIP

Philippine Citizenship may be lost or reacquired in the manner

provided by the law.
• Reacquisition of Citizenship (repatriation)

1) Naturalization
2) Repatriation of Deserters
3) Direct Act of Congress of the Philippines; and
4) By existing decree governing repatriation of widows (ex – Filipinos)

Note: Effect of Repatriation: resumption of the enjoyment of full civil and political rights and be subject to all
attendant liabilities and responsibilities under the existing laws of the Philippines
Article IV, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
CITIZENSHIP

Citizens of the Philippines who marry aliens shall

retain their citizenship, unless by their act or
omission, they are deemed, under the law, to
have renounced it.

Dual allegiance of citizens is inimical to the

national interest and shall be dealt with by the
law.
Article III, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
BILL OF RIGHTS
CITIZENSHIP TRAINING
Article III, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
BILL OF RIGHTS
• INHERENT POWERS OF THE STATE
1) POLICE POWER – the power of the state to enact such laws or
regulation in relation to persons and properties as may promote
public health, public morals, public safety and the general
welfare and convenience of the people.
2) POWER TO TAX – the power of the State to impose a charge or
burden upon persons, property and rights for the use and
support of the government so that the latter may able to
discharge its proper functions
3) POWER TO EMINENT DOMAIN – the power of the State to take
private property for public use with just compensation
Article III, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
BILL OF RIGHTS

• Rights – privilege or prerogative conferred by usage or

law upon a person or group of persons

• Three (3) General Classifications

• Natural Rights
• Statutory Rights (by statute)
• i.e. RA 10627 (Anti Bullying Act of 2013), RA 10354 (Responsible
Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012)
• Constitutional Rights (by the Constitution)
EXCLUSIVE RIGHTS OF A FILIPINO CITIZEN

 Right to vote
 Right to occupy public office
 Right to engage in certain business as in retail
trade and rural banking
 Right to practice a profession, such as law,
medicine, accounting and others
Article III, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
BILL OF RIGHTS

• Constitutional Rights are enshrined in the Bill of Rights

CLARIFICATION:
The Bill of Rights governs the relationship between the
individual and the state and not the relationship between
individuals.

The Bill of Rights guarantees against the abused and misused

of the inherent powers of the state.
Article III, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
BILL OF RIGHTS

Right to security against Right to private

Right of life, liberty
searches and arrest without communication and
or property and
warrants correspondence
equal protection of
the law
Article III, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
BILL OF RIGHTS

Right to freedom of speech Right to freedom of Right to Liberty of Abode and Travel
and expression and peaceful Religion
assembly
Article III, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
BILL OF RIGHTS

Right to Access of Information Right to form Unions, Right to Private Property Security
and Records Associations and Societies
Article III, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
BILL OF RIGHTS

Right against Impairment of Right to Free Access of Courts Rights of a Person Under
Contracts and Legal Assistance Investigation
 Article III, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
BILL OF RIGHTS
MIRANDA RIGHTS
1. You have the right to remain silent
2. Anything you say can and will be used against you in a
court of law
3. You have the right to talk to a lawyer and have him
present with you while you are being questioned
4. If you cannot afford to hire a lawyer, one will be
appointed to represent you before any questioning if you
wish
5. You can decide at any time to exercise these rights and
not answer any questions or make any statements
Article III, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
BILL OF RIGHTS

Right for Bail Right for Due Process Right to a Speedy

of the Law Disposition
Article III, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
BILL OF RIGHTS

Right not to be a Right Against Arrest for Political Rights Against Excessive Fines
Witness Against Self Beliefs and Punishments
Article III, 1987 Philippine Constitution:
BILL OF RIGHTS

 No to imprisonment because of
debt or non-payment of a poll
tax.

 No person will be twice put in

jeopardy of punishment for the
same offense.
HUMAN RIGHTS
Human Rights (UN Declaration of Human Rights)
HUMAN RIGHTS are "commonly understood as inalienable fundamental
rights which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a
human being.

HUMAN RIGHTS are thus conceived as:

 universal applicable everywhere

the same for everyone regardless of race,

 egalitarian religion, gender and other differences

human being’s entitlement to them cannot be

 fundamental removed

in that, as the basic grounds for living a

 absolute genuinely human life, they cannot be qualified
Source: http://tompkinscountyny.gov/humanrights/hr4k
Source: http://tompkinscountyny.gov/humanrights/hr4k
 Human Rights, some similar provisions with the Bill of Rights:

UN Declaration of Human Rights Bill of Rights

Due Process of Law and Equal Protection
Article 1 Right to Equality Section 1
of Laws

Section 1
Article 3 Right to Life, Liberty, Personal Security Right to Life, Liberty, Property
Section 2
Right to Security
Right against excessive fines and
Freedom from Torture and Degrading
Article 5 Section 19 degrading or inhuman punishment
Treatment

Due Process of Law and Equal Protection

Article 7 Right to Equality before the Law Section 1
of Laws
Due Process of Law and Equal Protection
Article 8 Right to Remedy by Competent Tribunal Section 1
of Laws
Rights of a Person under Investigation
Article 9 Freedom from Arbitrary Arrest and Exile Section 12

Article 10 Right to Fair Public Hearing Section 14 Rights of the Accused

DUTIES AND OBLIGATIONS OF
FILIPINO CITIZENS
CITIZENSHIP TRAINING
DUTIES AND OBLIGATIONS OF FILIPINO CITIZENS

• According to the Article V of the 1973 Constitution, the duties and

obligations of the citizens are:

1. To be LOYAL to the Republic and to honor the Philippine Flag

2. To DEFEND the State
3. To CONTRIBUTE to its development and welfare of the state
4. To UPHOLD the Constitution and obey its laws
“

”
12 Things Our Youth Can Do To Help
Our Country
By: Alex Lacson
#1 Be On Time. Honor Your Commitments.
#2 Fall in Line. Respect Others and Follow
the Law.
#3 Sing Our National Anthem with Pride and
Honor
#4 Study Well. Give your best in everything
you do.
#5 Be Honest. Say NO to Cheating, lying and
Stealing. Report Any Crime or Illegal Act.
#6 Conserve your Water. Plant a Tree. Dispose
your Trash Properly
#7 Do not Smoke. Avoid Drugs and Stay Away
from Vices.
#8 Buy Pinoy. Buy Local. Support Filipino
Products.
#9 Save. Plan ahead. Learn Business Early.
#10 During Elections, do your solemn duty.
#11 Respect our elders.
#12 Pray for our Country and Leaders.
END OF PRESENTATION
Prepared by: Department of Military Science and Tactics