CBSE Ques. No.

Chapter / Topic Marks Distribution of marks question wise

5 Database Concepts 02 One question of database concepts.

SQL 06 04 SQL queriesof 1 mark each and 04 questions from

output carrying ½ mark each

QUESTIONS FOR LATE BLOOMERS:

Q.2. What do you understand by the terms primary key and degree of a relation in relational data base?

Ans: Primary Key: A primary key is a set of one or more attributes that can uniquely identify tuples within the
relations. The number of attributes in a relation is called Degree of arelation in relational data base.

What do you understand by the candidate key and cardinality of a relation in relational data base?

Candidate Key: All attribute combinations inside a relation that can serve as primary key(uniquely identifies a row
in a relation) are Candidate Keys as they are candidates for the primary key position. The number of rows in a
relation is known as cardinality of a relation.

Define the terms Tuple and Attribute

Ans: Tuples: The rows of tables (relations) are generally referred to as tuples.

Attribute: The columns of tables are generally referred to as attribute.

Q.3. What do you understand by the terms Cardinality and Degree of the table?
Ans Degree: The number of attributes in a relation determines the degree of a relation. A
relation having 3 attributes is said to be a relation of degree 3.
Cardinality: The number of rows in a relation is known as Cardinality.

Q.4. What is the main function of DBA.

Ans: The DBA must be a manager, more than a technician-seeking to meet the needs of people who
use the data. Since many user may share the same data resource, the DBA must be prepared to meet the
need and objective.

Q5. What is foreign Key? What is its purpose?

Ans: A non key attribute, whose value are derived from the primary key of some other table, is
known as foreign key in the current table.

The table in which this non-key attribute i.e. foreign key attribute exists, is called a foreign table.
Q.6. What is the main function of DBA.

Ans: The DBA must be a manager, more than a technician-seeking to meet the needs of people who
use the data. Since many user may share the same data resource, the DBA must be prepared to meet the
need and objective.

Q.7 Write a query on the customers table whose output will exclude all customers with a rating
<=100, unless they are located in Shimla.

Ans. SELECT * FROM customers WHERE rating >100 OR city =’Shimla’ ;

Q.8. Write a query that selects all orders except those zeros or NULLs in the amount field.

Ans. SELECT * FROM Orders WHERE amt <>0 AND (amt IS NOT NULL) ;

Q.9. Write a query that lists customers in descending order of rating.

Output the rating field first, followed by the customer’s name and number.

Ans. SELECT rating, cust-name, cust-num FROM customers ORDER BY rating DESC ;

Q.10. Write a command that puts the following values, in their given order, into the salesman table:

cust-name-Manisha, city-Manali, comm.- NULL, cust-num-1901.

Ans. INSERT INTO salesman (city, cust-name, comm.,cust-num)

VALUES(‘Manisha’,NULL,1901) ;

Q.11. What are DDL and DML?

Ans:- The DDL provides statements for the creation and deletion of tables and indexes.

The DML provides statements to enter, update, delete data and perform complex queries on
these tables.

Q.12. What is the difference between Where and Having Clause ?

Ans: The HAVING clause places the condition on group but WHERE clause places the condition on
individual rows
Q.13. What do you understand by constraints ?

Ans: Constraints are used to enforce rules at table level when ever row is inserted, updated/deleted
from table.

Constraints can be defined to one of the Two level.

Column Level: Reference to a single column. can be defined any type of integrity.

Table Level: References one or more columns and is defined separately from definition of the columns in
the table.

Q.14. Write some features of SQL?

Ans: Recovery ad Concurrency:- Concurrency is concerned with the manner in which multiple user
operate upon the Database.

Security: The Security can be maintained by view mechanism.

Integrity Constraints-> Integrity constraints are enforced by the system.

Q.15. Write various database objects available in SQL?

Ans: Table: A Table is used to store Data

View: A view is the temporary table created using Original table.

Sequence: Sequences are used to generate Primary key value.

Index: They are used to improve queries.

Synonym: They give alternative names to objects.

Q.16. Write the rules to name an objects?

Ans :The maximum length must be 30 character long.

 The Object name should not contain quotation mark.

 The name must start with letter.
 The use of $ and # is discouraged in the object name.
 A name must not be a reserved name.

Q.17. What are group Functions

Ans: The aggregate functions are group functions. They return result based on groups of rows. The
group functions are

AVG(), COUNT(), MAX(), MI N(), SUM()

Q.18. What are column alias?
Ans: In many cases heading table may not be descriptive and hence it difficult to understand. In such
case we use columns alias It will change column heading with column alias.

QUESTIONS FOR AVERAGE LEARNERS

Consider the following tables Product and Client. Write SQL commands for the statement (i) to (iv) and
give outputs for SQL queries (v) to (viii)

Table: PRODUCT

Product
P_ID Manufacturer Price
Name
TP01 TalcomPowder LAK 40
FW05 Face Wash ABC 45
BS01 Bath Soap ABC 55
SH06 Shampoo XYZ 120
FW12 Face Wash XYZ 95

Table: CLIENT

C_ID Client Name City P_ID

01 TalcomPowder Delhi FW05
06 Face Wash Mumbai BS01
12 Bath Soap Delhi SH06
15 Shampoo Delhi FW12
16 Face Wash Banglore TP01

(i) To display the details of those Clients whose city is Delhi.

Ans: Select all from Client where City=”Delhi”

(ii) To display the details of Products whose Price is in the range of 50 to 100(Both values included).

Ans: Select all from product where Price between 50 and 100

(iii) To display the ClientName, City from table Client, and ProductName and Price from table Product,
with their corresponding matching P_ID.

Ans: Select ClientName,City,ProductName, Price from Product,Client where Product.P_ID=Client.P_ID.

(iv) To increase the Price of all Products by 10

Ans: Update Product Set Price=Price +10

(v) SELECT DISTINCT Address FROM Client.

Ans: ( The above question may consist DISTINCT City. If it is DISTINCT City, the following is the answer)

City
-----
Delhi
Mumbai
Bangalore

(vi) SELECT Manufacturer, MAX(Price), Min(Price), Count(*) FROM Product GROUP BY Manufacturer;

Ans:

Manufacturer Max(Price) Min(Price) Count(*)

LAK 40 40 1
ABC 55 45 2
XYZ 120 95 2

(vii) SELECT ClientName, ManufacturerName FROM Product, Client WHERE

Client.Prod_Id=Product.P_Id;

Ans:

ClientName ManufacturerName
Cosmetic Shop ABC
Total Health ABC
Live Life XYZ
Pretty Woman XYZ
Dreams LAK

(viii) SELECT ProductName, Price * 4 FROM Product.

ProductName Price*4
TalcomPoweder 160
Face Wash 180
Bath Soap 220
Shampoo 480
Face Wash 380
QUESTIONS FOR BRIGHT LEARNERS
1. . What is Cartesian Product.
2. Write the SQL query commands based on following table

Table : Book
Book_id Book name Author_name Publisher Price Type Quantity

C0001 Fast Cook Lata Kapoor EPB 355 Cookery 5

William
F0001 The Tears Hopkins First Publi. 650 Fiction 20

T0001 My First c++ Brain & Brooke FPB 350 Text 10

T0002 C++ Brain works A.W. Rossaine TDH 350 Text 15

F0002 Thunderbolts Anna Roberts First Publ. 750 Fiction 50

Table : issued
Book_Id Quantity Issued

T0001 4

C0001 5

F0001 2

Write SQL query for (a) to (f)

(a) To show book name, Author name and price of books of First Pub. Publisher
(b) To list the names from books of text type
(c) To Display the names and price from books in ascending order of their prices.
(d) To increase the price of all books of EPB publishers by 50.
(e) To display the Book_Id, Book_name and quantity issued for all books which have been issued
(f) To insert a new row in the table issued having the following data. ‘F0003’, 1
(g) Give the output of the following
i. Select Count(*) from Books
ii. Select Max(Price) from books where quantity >=15
iii. Select book_name, author_name from books where publishers=’first publ.’
iv. Select count(distinct publishers) from books where Price>=400
Ans:

(a) Select book_name, author_name , price from books where publisher=’First Publ’
(b) Select book_name from books where type=’Text’
 (c) Select book_name, price from books Order by Price;
(d) Update books set price=price+50 where publishers=’EPB’
(e) Select a.book_id,a.book_name,b.quantity_issued from books a, issued b where
a.book_id=b.book_id
(f) Insert into issued Values (‘F0003’,1);
(g)
i. 5
ii. 750
iii. Fast Cook LataKappor
My First c++ Brain & Brooke

iv. 1

Q.18.
TABLE: GRADUATE
S.NO NAME STIPEND SUBJECT AVERAGE DIV.
1 KARAN 400 PHYSICS 68 I
2 DIWAKAR 450 COMP. Sc. 68 I
3 DIVYA 300 CHEMISTRY 62 I
4 REKHA 350 PHYSICS 63 I
5 ARJUN 500 MATHS 70 I
6 SABINA 400 CEHMISTRY 55 II
7 JOHN 250 PHYSICS 64 I
8 ROBERT 450 MATHS 68 I
9 RUBINA 500 COMP. Sc. 62 I
10 VIKAS 400 MATHS 57 II
(a) List the names of those students who have obtained DIV I sorted by NAME.
(b) Display a report, listing NAME, STIPEND, SUBJECT and amount of stipend received in a year
assuming that the STIPEND is paid every month.
(c.) To count the number of students who are either PHYSICS or COMPUTER SC graduates.
(d) To insert a new row in the GRADUATE table:
11,”KAJOL”, 300, “COMP. SC.”, 75, 1
(e) Give the output of following sql statement based on table GRADUATE:
(i) Select MIN(AVERAGE) from GRADUATE where SUBJECT=”PHYSICS”;
(ii) Select SUM(STIPEND) from GRADUATE WHERE div=2;
(iii) Select AVG(STIPEND) from GRADUATE where AVERAGE>=65;
(iv) Select COUNT(distinct SUBDJECT) from GRADUATE;
Assume that there is one more table GUIDE in the database as shown below:
Table: GUIDE
MAINAREA ADVISOR
PHYSICS VINOD
COMPUTER SC ALOK
CHEMISTRY RAJAN
MATHEMATICS MAHESH

(f) What will be the output of the following query:

SELECT NAME, ADVISOR FROM GRADUATE,GUIDE WHERE SUBJECT=
MAINAREA;
Ans:

(a) SELECT NAME FROM GRADUATE WHERE DIV='I' ORDER BY NAME;

(b) SELECT NAME, STIPEND, SUBJECT, STIPEND*12 STIPEND_YEAR FROM GRADUATE;

(c) SELECT SUBJECT, COUNT(NAME) FROM GRADUATE GROUPBY (SUBJECT) HAVING SUBJECT='PHYSICS' OR
SUBJECT='COMP. Sc.';

(d) INSERT INTO GRADUATE VALUES(11,'KAJOL',300,'COMP. Sc.',75,1);

(e) (i) MIN(AVERAGE) 63

(ii) SUM(STIPEND) 800

(iii) AVG(STIPEND) 420

(iv) COUNT(DISTINCTSUBJECT) 4

(f) SELECT NAME, ADVISOR FROM GRADUATE, GUIDE WHERE SUBJECT=MAINAREA;

NAME ADVISOR
DIVYA RAJAN

SABINA RAJAN

KARAN VINOD

REKHA VINOD

JOHN VINOD

Q.19. Table: Employees

Empid Firstname Lastname Address City

010 Ravi Kumar Raj nagar GZB

105 Harry Waltor Gandhi nagar GZB

152 Sam Tones 33 Elm St. Paris

215 Sarah Ackerman 440 U.S. 110 Upton

244 Manila Sengupta 24Friends street New Delhi

300 Robert Samuel 9 Fifth Cross Washington

335 Ritu Tondon Shastri Nagar GZB

400 Rachel Lee 121 Harrison St. New York

441 Peter Thompson 11 Red Road Paris

 Table: EmpSalary

Empid Salary Benefits Designation

010 75000 15000 Manager

105 65000 15000 Manager

152 80000 25000 Director

215 75000 12500 Manager

244 50000 12000 Clerk

300 45000 10000 Clerk

335 40000 10000 Clerk

400 32000 7500 Salesman

441 28000 7500 salesman

Write the SQL commands for the following :

(i) To show firstname,lastname,address and city of all employees living in paris

(ii) To display the content of Employees table in descending order of Firstname.
(iii) To display the firstname,lastname and total salary of all managers from the tables Employee and
empsalary , where total salary is calculated as salary+benefits.
(iv) To display the maximum salary among managers and clerks from the table Empsalary.
(v) Give the Output of following SQL commands:
(i) Select firstname,salary from employees ,empsalary where designation = ‘Salesman’ and
Employees.empid=Empsalary.empid;
(ii) Select count(distinct designation) from empsalary;
(iii) Select designation, sum(salary) from empsalary group by designation having count(*) >2;
(iv) Select sum(benefits) from empsalary where designation =’Clerk’;
Ans: (i) select firstname, lastname, address, city from employees where city='Paris';

(ii) select * from employees order by firstnamedesc;

(iii) selectemployees.firstname, employees.lastname, empsalary.salary +

empsalary.benefitstotal_salary from employees, empsalary where
employees.empid=empsalary.empid and designation='Manager';

(iv) select max(salary) from empsalary where designation in('Manager','Clerk')

(v) (i) select firstname, salary from employees, empsalary where designation='Salesman' and
employees.empid=empsalary.empid

FIRSTNAMESALARY

Rachel 32000
 Peter 28000

(ii)select count(distinct designation) from empsalary;

COUNT(DISTINCTDESIGNATION)

(iii)select designation, sum(salary) from empsalary group by designation having count(*)>2;

DESIGNATIONSUM(SALARY)

Clerk 135000

Manager 215000

(iv)select sum(benefits) from empsalary where designation='Clerk';

SUM(BENEFITS)

32000

Consider the following tables Item and Customer. Write SQL commands for the statement (i) to (iv) and
give outputs for SQL queries (v) to (viii)

Table: ITEM

C_ID ItemName Manufacturer Price

Personal
PC01 ABC 35000
Computer
LC05 Laptop ABC 55000
Personal
PC03 XYZ 32000
Computer
Personal
PC06 COMP 37000
Computer
LC03 Laptop PQR 57000

Table: CUSTOMER

C_ID CustomerName City P_ID

01 N.Roy Delhi LC03
06 H.Singh Mumbai PC03
12 R.Pandey Delhi PC06
15 C.Sharma Delhi LC03
16 K.Agarwalh Banglore PC01
(i) To display the details of those Customers whose city is Delhi.Ans: Select all from Customer Where
City=”Delhi”

(ii) To display the details of Item whose Price is in the range of 35000 to 55000 (Both values included).

Ans: Select all from Item Where Price>=35000 and Price <=55000

(iii) To display the CustomerName, City from table Customer, and ItemName and Price from table Item,
with their corresponding matching I_ID.

Ans: Select CustomerName,City,ItemName, Price from Item,Customer where Item.I_ID=Customer.I_ID.

(iv) To increase the Price of all Items by 1000 in the table Item.

Ans: Update Item set Price=Price+1000

(v) SELECT DISTINCT City FROM Customer.

Ans: City
Delhi
Mumbai
Bangalore

(vi) SELECT ItemName, MAX(Price), Count(*) FROM Item GROUP BY ItemName;

Ans:

ItemName Max(Price) Count(*)

Personal Computer 37000 3
Laptop 57000 2

(vii) SELECT CustomerName, Manufacturer FROM Item, Customer WHERE

Item.Item_Id=Customer.Item_Id;

Ans:

CustomerName Manufacturer Name

N.Roy PQR
H.Singh XYZ
R.Pandey COMP
C.Sharma PQR
K.Agarwal ABC

(viii) SELECT ItemName, Price * 100 FROM Item WHERE Manufacturer = ‘ABC’;
Ans:

ItemName Price*100
Personal Computer 3500000
Laptop 5500000