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Local Literature

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Local Literature

After causing hundreds of death this year, dengue has been considered a
national epidemic that leads to the government banning the vaccine. According to the
Department of Health, The country has recorded 146,062 cases of dengue from
January through to 20 July this year, 98% more than the same period in 2018. The
dengue outbreak has already taken the life of 622 people. Children with the age of 10
and below are the ones who are severely affected by the disease. This outbreak led to
the national ban on sale and distribution of the vaccine called Dengvaxia, a dengue
vaccine made by French pharmaceutical firm Sanofi Pasteur, in February. The company
has been the heart of the issue in the Philippines since 2017-2018, when dozens of
children who were part of the national immunization died because they were injected by
the vaccine. The firm confirmed that the vaccine could put the children at higher risk.

As of now, Dengvaxia is the only dengue vaccination available to the public, but
the World Health Organization suggests that the vaccine should only be given to
children who are at high risk areas already exposed to the virus. According to Guardian
News and Media Limited, that the vaccine is frequently used in mass immunization
projects.

After the government has adjourned the vaccination programs, they continued with
investigations which led to the conclusion that Dengvaxia is the major cause of death of
the patient. Sanofi Pasteur has shown “complete disregard of government rules and
regulations” and in February the government decided to ban the vaccine.

However, the nationwide fearfulness and wide-ranging misgiving of the


vaccinations caused by Dengvaxia scandal led immunization rates for both dengue and
measles to crash in the Philippines, resulting in an ongoing measles epidemic across the
country and now a dengue epidemic. There are now 35 000 cases of measles, almost
500 deaths, a 600% increase from last year.

The Department of health was conducting a campaign to find and demolish


mosquito breeding sites, while also publishing guidelines to make use of insect repellant
and wear clothes that cover the skin. As stated by health minister Francisco Duque, “the
government was finding ways to let Dengvaxia back into the Philippine market, but ruled
out using the drug to combat the ongoing epidemic which has hit small children the
hardest. “This vaccine does not squarely address the most vulnerable group which is the
5-9 years of age,” Duque said. The vaccine, which is now licensed in 20 countries will be
used for children age nine and above, according to the World Health Organization.

Manila was also advised by the United Nations Agency that the vaccine was ”not
recommended” as a solution to an outbreaks. It is also “ not cost effective with one dose
costing one thousand pesos, said Duque.

Other south-east Asian countries have also reported a surge in dengue cases this year,
according to the UN’s World Health Organization. The organization said Malaysia had
registered 62,421 cases through to 29 June, including 93 deaths, compared with 32,425
cases with 53 deaths for the same period last year. Vietnam over the same period had
81,132 cases with four deaths reported, compared with 26,201 cases including six deaths
in 2018. In south Asia, Bangladesh has been facing its worst-ever dengue fever outbreak,
putting a severe strain on the country’s already overwhelmed medical system.

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