4.

Let, the distance of A to B be 1mile.so, first the time=1/40hr. on return, it'll be 1/60hr so, in all for 2 mile
the time=1/40+1/60hr. so, avg=2/ (1/40+1/60) =48.
5. Tom travels 60 miles per hour going to a neighboring city and 50 miles per hour coming back
using the same road. He drove a total of 5 hours away and back. What is the distance from Tom's
house to the city he visit?
x = miles between house & neighboring city
x miles /60 mph = x/60 hrs
x miles /50 mph = x/50 hrs
x/60 + x/50 = 5 hrs
5 hrs = (50 x + 60 x) / 60 * 50 =110 x/3000
110 x /3000 = 5 = 11/300 x
1500/11 =136.36 miles
6.
Speed (Constant) - 50 miles per hour
Quarter of 1 hour = 1/4 * 60 minutes = 15 minutes
Jimmy started driving along the same highway at 11:15 A.M.
Time - 11:15 A.M.
Speed (Constant) - 65 miles per hour

Here is the real explanation part. Pay attention so you can get it right!

Let t be the number of hours, from 11:00 am, when Jimmy catches up with John. The time that Jimmy
will have to drive to catch up with John is t - 1/4: he starts a quarter of an hour late. When Jimmy catches
up with John, they would have traveled the same distance. Hence:
50 t = 65 (t - 1/4)
Solve for t:
50t = 65t - 65/4
t = 65/60 = 1.083 hours = 1hour and 5 minutes
Jim will catch up with John at:
11:00 am + 1 hour, 5 minutes = 12:05 pm
7.

The given line in slope-intercept form is y = (5/3)x -4/3The slope of the perpendicular line is -3/5
( the negative reciprocal of the slope of the given line).If a point is to be on this line it must produce
this slope with any other point on the line. Our line must contain the point (-4, 5), so this point,
together with any other point (x, y) that lies on the line must produce this slope. Since slope is
change in y over change in x, we can say (y - 5)/(x - -4) = -3/5Manipulating this formula gives
y - 5 = -3/5(x + 4) Slope intercept form would be y = (-3/5)x - 12/5 + 5 or y = (-3/5)x + 13/ Stan...
Let’s find the slope first by writing it as y=mx+c

5x−3y=4

−3y=−5x+4

y=53x−43

The coefficient of x will be the slope of the line. So:

m1=53

Now, two perpendicular lines will have slopes that obey the following:

m1⋅m2=−1

So:

53⋅m2=−1

m2=−35

From this, we can determine the coefficient of x

for the second line:

y=−35x+c

Now, what’s the value of c

? Well, let’s find it by substituting the point that it’s supposed to cross:

5=−35⋅(−4)+c

5=125+c

c=5−125

c=255−125

c=135

Substituting c

, and we have:
...

3y = 5x - 4

y =5/3x - 4/3

the slope of line is = m = 5/3

the slope of perpendicular is equal = -1/m

= - 3/5

y = mx + b

y = - 3/5 x + b

5 = 3/5 *4 + b = 12/5 + b

25 = 12 + 5b

b = 13/5

y = - 3/5 x + 13/5

8.

Our task is to find out the length and width of the field.

Let the length of the field be L and the width of the field be W

Area of rectangle is given by A=L*B .

Perimeter of rectangle is given by P=2(L+B).

Using information given by the question we have the following 2 equations:

L*B = 300 ......(1)

2(L+B) = 80 ......(2)

Since we have two unknowns and two equations, we can solve the simultaneous equation.
From (1):

L=300/B ........(3)

Substitute (3) into (2):

2(300/B+B)=80

Divide by 2 on both sides:

300/B + B = 40

Multiply by B on both sides:

300 + B^2 = 40B

Rearranging,

B^2 -40B + 300 = 0

Factorizing,

(B-30)(B-10) = 0

B = 30 or 10

Checking:

Substitute the values of B into (1), we realise that

If B=30, L=10

If B=10, L=30

Hence the length and breadth are 30cm and 10 cm or vice versa

9.
The parallel sides of a trapezium are 12 cm and 8 cm respectively. If its area is 60 square cm,
then what is the height of the trapezium.
Let the measure of the two parallel sides a, b of the trapezium = 12 cm and 8 cm.
Area of a trapezium = ½ ×( a+b)×height,
=> 60 cm² = ½ ×(12 cm + 8 cm)× height,
==> height = 60 cm² ×2/20 cm= 6 cm.
Height of the trapezium= 6 cm.

This looks like a math homework question. I will solve your initial problem but using the sides 4,
8 and Area 30 instead.
Area formula for a trapezium (a.k.a trapezoid):
A=b1+b22h
Where A
is the total area, b1 and b2 are the parallell sides of the trapezoid, and h is the height of the
trapezoid. And we want to know what? Right, the height, or h
. So, let’s rewrite the formula:
A=b1+b22h
2A=(b1+b2)h
2Ab1+b2=h
Now let us look at what is known:
A=30
b1=4
b2=8
Finally, insert the numbers:
2⋅304+8=6012=5
Answer: h=5
Area of trapezium = 1/2(h)(sum of parallel sides)
60 = 1/2*h*(12+8) = 1/2*h*20 = 10h
So h=60/10=6cm
Let the parallel sides of trapezium be 'a' and 'b' and the distance between them i.e. the height of
trapezium be 'h'.
Therefore area of trapezium is given by
=1/2 *(sum of parallel side)*(distance between parallel side i.e. height of trapezium) ……(1)
Now take 'a'=12 & 'b'=8 …. (Sides are given)
Therefore,
Sum of parallel sides=a+b=12+8…. (2)
Sum of parallel side=20cm
Area=60 cm^2 …..(Given) ….. (3)
Putting (2) & (3) in (1) we get,
60=1/2 * 20*h, h=60/10, h=6cm
1. Which number(s) is (are) equal to its (their) square?
Solution
If x is the number to find, its square is x2.
X is equal to its square hence: x = x2
Solve the above equation by factoring. First write with right side equal to zero.
x - X2 = 0, x (1 - x) = 0
Solutions: x = 0 and x = 1
Check answers.
1) x = 0 , its square is 02 = 0 . Hence x and its square are equal.
2) x = 1 , its square is 12 = 1 . Hence x and its square are equal.
2. Which number(s) is (are) equal to half its (their) square?
Solution
Let x be the number to find. Half its square is (1/2) x2.
X is equal to half its square hence: x = (1/2) x2
First write with right side equal to zero.
x - (1/2) x2 = 0
x (1 - (1/2)x) = 0 , factor
Solutions: x = 0 and x = 2
Check answers.
1) x = 0 , half its square is (1/2) 02 = 0 . Hence x and half its square are equal.
2) x = 2 , half its square is (1/2) 22 = 2 . Hence x and half its square are equal.
3. Which number(s) is (are) equal to the quarter of its (their) square?
Solution
If x is the number to find, then the quarter of its square is (1/4) x2.
x is equal to the quarter of its square hence: x = (1/4) x2
First write the above equation with its right side equal to zero.
x - (1/4) x2 = 0
 X (1 - (1/4) x) = 0, factor x out
Solutions: x = 0 and x = 4
Check answers.
1) x = 0 , quarter of its square is (1/4) 02 = 0 . Hence x and the quarter of its square are equal.
2) x = 4 , the quarter of its square is (1/4) 42 = 4 . Hence x and the quarter of its square are equal.
4. A car travels from A to B at a speed of 40 mph then returns, using the same road, from B to A
at a speed of 60 mph. What is the average speed for the round trip?
Solution
The average speed is given by.
Total distance / total time
If x is the distance from A to B, then the total distance is equal to 2x (away and return). The total
T time is equal to time t1 = x / 40 from A to B (away) plus t2 = x / 60 from B to A (return). Hence
T = x / 40 + x / 60 = 100 x / 2400 = x / 24
The average speed is given by
2x / (x/24) = 48 mph
5. Tom travels 60 miles per hour going to a neighboring city and 50 miles per hour coming back
using the same road. He drove a total of 5 hours away and back. What is the distance from
Tom's house to the city he visited?(round your answer to the nearest mile).
Solution
Let x be the distance traveled to the city, then the time taken is given by
distance / speed = x / 60
and the time to return is given by
distance / speed = x / 50
The total time to travel and return is 5 hours. Hence
x / 60 + x / 50 = 5
Solve for x
x = 1500 / 11 = 136 miles (rounded to the nearest mile)
6. At 11:00 a.m., John started driving along a highway at constant speed of 50 miles per hour. A
quarter of an hour later, Jimmy started driving along the same highway in the same direction
as John at the constant speed of 65 miles per hour. At what time will Jimmy catch up with
John?
 Solution
Let t be the number of hours, from 11:00 am, when Jimmy catches up with John. The time that
Jimmy will have to drive to catch up with John is t - 1/4: he starts a quarter of an hour late. When
Jimmy catches up with John, they would have traveled the same distance. Hence
50 t = 65 (t - 1/4)
Solve for t
50t = 65t - 65/4
t = 65/60 = 1.083 hours = 1hour and 5 minutes
Jim will catch up with John at
11:00 am + 1 hour, 5 minutes = 12:05 pm
7. Find an equation of the line containing (- 4, 5) and perpendicular to the line 5x - 3y = 4.
Solution
First find the slope of the line 5x - 3y = 4
-3y = - 5x + 4
y = (5/3)x - 4/3
slope = 5/3
Let m be the slope of the line perpendicular to the line 5x - 3y = 4. Hence
m * (5/3) = - 1
m = -(3/5)
The equation of the line containing (- 4,5) and perpendicular to the line 5x - 3y = 4 is given by
y - 5 = -(3/5)(x - (-4))
y = -(3/5) x + 13/5
5y + 3x = 13
8. A rectangle field has an area of 300 square meters and a perimeter of 80 meters. What are the
length and width of the field?
Solution
Let L and W be the length and width of the rectangle. The area and the perimeter of the rectangle
may be written as follows
L * W = 300, area
2(L + W) = 80 or L + W = 40, perimeter
 Solve equation L + W = 40 for W
W = 40 - L
Substitute W by 40 - L in the equation L * W = 300
L(40 - L) = 300
Write the above equation in standard form
L2 - 40L + 300 = 0
(L - 30)(L - 10) = 0
Solve for L and calculate W
L = 30 and W = 40 - L = 10
L = 10 and W = 40 - 10
Assuming that the length is larger than the width, the rectangle has a length L = 30 meters and a
width W = 10 meters
9. Find the area of a trapezoid whose parallel sides are 12 and 23 centimeters respectively.
Solution
The area A of a trapezoid is given by
A = (1/2) height *(base1 + base2)
The two bases are given as 12 and 23 cm, however the height is not given and therefore there is
not enough information to find the area of the trapezoid.
10. A rectangular garden in Mrs. Dorothy's house has a length of 100 meters and a width of 50
meters. A square swimming pool is to be constructed inside the garden. Find the length of one
side of the swimming pool if the remaining area (not occupied by the pool) is equal to one half
the area of the rectangular garden.
Solution
Let x be the side of the swimming pool. If the area not covered by the swimming pool is half
the rectangular garden, then the other half is covered by the swimming pool whose area is x2.
Hence
X2 = (1/2) 100*50 = 2500
Solve for x
x = 50 meters, side of the swimming pool
11. ABC is an equilateral triangle with side length equal to 50 cm. BH is perpendicular to AC. MN
is parallel to AC. Find the area of triangle BMN if the length of MN is equal to 12 cm.
Solution
Note that since ABC is an equilateral triangle and BH is perpendicular to AC, HC = 50/2 = 25
cm. Also since MN and HC are parallel, the two triangles BMN and BHC are similar and the sizes
of their sides are proportional. Hence
BN / BC = MN / HC = BM / BH = 12 / 25
The area of triangle BMN is given by
A = (1/2) BM * MN
The area of triangle BHC is given by
B = (1/2) BH * HC
Note the ratio of the two areas
A / B = [ (1/2) BM * MN ] / [ (1/2) BH * HC ] = (BM/BH) * (MN/HC) = (12/25)*(12/25) =
(12/25)2
let us now find BH using Pythagora's theorem.
BH = sqrt(502 - 252) = 25 sqrt(3)
The area B of triangle BHC is given by.
B = (1/2) BH * HC = (1/2) 25 sqrt(3) 25 = (1/2) 252 sqrt(3)
We now use the ratio A / B = (12/25)2 to find A the area of triangle BMN.
A = (12/25)2 * B = (12/25)2 * (1/2) 252 sqrt(3) = 72 sqrt(3) cm2
12. The height h of water in a cylindrical container with radius r = 5 cm is equal to 10 cm. Peter
needs to measure the volume of a stone with a complicated shape and so he puts the stone
inside the container with water. The height of the water inside the container rises to 13.2 cm.
What is the volume of the stone in cubic cm?
Solution
We first find the volume of water without the stone.
V1 = 10 *(π * 52) = 250 π , where π = 3.14
The volume of water and stone is given by
V2 = 13.2 *(π * 52) = 330 π
The volume of the stone is given by
V2 - v1 = 330 π - 250 π = 80 = 251.1 cm3
13. In the figure below the square has all its vertices on the circle. The area of the square is equal
Solution
Note the size of the diagonal of the square is equal to the size of the diameter of the circle. The
side x of the square is such that
x2 = 400 , hence x = 20 cm
The diagonal D of the square is found using Pythagoras’s theorem
D2 = x2 + x2 = 800
The area A of the circle is given by
A = π (D/2)2 = π D2 / 4 = 200 π cm3
= 628 cm3
14. The numbers 2 , 3 , 5 and x have an average equal to 4. What is x?
Solution
The average of 2 , 3 , 5 and x is given by
(2 + 3 + 5 + x) / 4
and it is known and equal to 4. Hence
(2 + 3 + 5 + x) / 4 = 4
Solve the above equation for x to obtain
x=6
15. The numbers x , y , z and w have an average equal to 25. The average of x , y and z is equal to
27. Find w.
Solution
The average of x , y , z and w is equal to 25. Hence
(x + y + z + w) / 4 = 25
The average of x , y and z is equal to 27. Hence
(x + y + z ) / 3 = 27
The above gives
x + y + z = 3 × 27 = 81
substitute x + y + z by 81 in the equation (x + y + z + w) / 4 = 25 to obtain the equation
(81 + w) / 4 = 25
 Solve the above for w
w = 19
16. Find x , y , z so that the numbers 41 , 46 , x , y , z have an arithmetic mean of 50 and a mode
of 45.
Solution
The arithmetic mean of 41 , 46 , x , y , z is equal to 50. Hence
(41 + 46 + x + y + z) / 5 = 50
Rearrange the equation to obtain
x + y + z = 163
17. The mode is the repeated value. We cannot have x = y = z = 45 because their sum will not be
equal to 163. The only possibility is that x = y = 45. Hence the above equation may be written
as
45 + 45 + z = 163
Solve the above for z
z = 73
18. A is a constant. Find A such that the equation 2x + 1 = 2A + 3(x + A) has a solution at x = 2
Solution
Substitute x by 2 in the given equation
2(2)+ 1 = 2A + 3(2 + A)
Solve for A
A=-1/5
19. 1 liter is equal to 1 cubic decimeter and 1 liter of water weighs 1 kilogram. What is the weight
of water contained in a cylindrical container with radius equal to 50 centimeters and height
equal to 1 meter?
Solution
dm is the symbol of a decimeter and is equal to 10 cm. We convert all given units in dm.
radius: r = 50 cm = 5 dm
height : h = 1 m = 10 dm
The volume of water in the cylindrical container is given by:
πr2 h = 3.14 (5 md) 2 × 10 dm = 785 dm3
 1 dm3 weights 1 kg. Hence the total weight of water in the container is equal to
785 dm3 × 1 kg / dm3 = 785 Kg
20. In the figure below triangle ABC is an isosceles right triangle. AM is perpendicular to BC and
MN is perpendicular to AC. Find the ratio of the area of triangle MNC to the area of triangle
ABC.
Solution
ABC is isosceles; hence
AB = AC
ABM and ACM have equal sides and one common side and equal angles are therefore congruent
triangles. Hence the area of triangle AMC is half the area of ABC.
In triangle MAC angles MAC and MCA are both equal to 45° hence triangle MAC is an isosceles
right triangle and therefore trianles MAN and MCN are congruent (similar proof to above).
Therefore area of triangle MNC is half the area of triangle AMC. Hence the ratio of the area of
triangle MNC to the area of triangle ABC is equal to 1 / 4.
21. Pump A can fill a tank of water in 4 hours. Pump B can fill the same tank in 6 hours. Both
pumps are started at 8:00 a.m. to fill the same empty tank. An hour later, pump B breaks down
and took one hour to repair and was restarted again. When will the tank be full? (round your
answer to the nearest minute).
Solution
Pump A can fill 1 tank in 4 hours; hence the rate of pump A is
1 / 4 (tank / hour)
Pump B can fill 1 tank in 6 hours; hence the rate of pump B is
1 / 6 (tank / hour)
Let t be the number of hours that takes pump A to fill the tank. Hence during the t hours pump
A fills
t × (1 / 4) of the tank
Pump B was stopped for one hour and hence will pump water into the tank for t -1 hours; hence
during t - 1 pump B fills
(t - 1) × (1 / 6) of the tank
The two pumps work together to fill 1 tank; hence
t × (1 / 4) + (t - 1) × (1 / 6) = 1
Multiply all terms in the above equation by 24 and simplify
 24 × t × (1 / 4) + 24 × (t - 1) × (1 / 6) = 24 × 1
6 t + 4(t - 1) = 24
Solve for t
10 t = 28
t = 2.8 hours = 2 hours + 0.8 × 60 minutes = 2 hours 48 minutes
The tank is full at
8 a.m + 2 hours 48 minutes = 10:48 a.m.
22. Are the lines with equations 2x + y = 2 and x - 2y = 0 parallel, perpendicular or neither?
Solution
Write each of the given equations in the form y = m x + b and identify the slope m.
2x + y = 2 gives y = - 2 x + 2 , slope m1 = - 2
x - 2y = 0 gives y = x / 2 , slope m 2= 1 / 2
m1 and m2 are not equal and therefore the lines are not parallel. The product of the two slopes
is
m1 × m2 = - 2 (1 / 2) = -1
The two lines are perpendicular

What are the dimensions of the square that has the perimeter and the area equal in value?
Solution
Let x be the side of the square. The perimeter 4x and the area x 2 are equal; hence
4x=x2
Solve the above equation
4x-x2=0
x (4 - x) = 0
Two solution
x = 0 for which the square does not exist
x = 4 which is a square of side 4 units.
23. Find the dimensions of the rectangle that has a length 3 meters more that its width and a
perimeter equal in value to its area?
Solution
Let L be the length and W be the width. "a length 3 meters more that its width" is written as
L=W+3
The perimeter of the rectangle is given by
2L+2W
The are of the rectangle is given by
LW
"perimeter equal in value to its area" is written as
2L+2W=LW
Substitute L by 3 + W in the above equation to obtain
2 (W + 3)+ 2 W = (3+ W) W
Expand and write the equation in standard form
W2-W-6=0
Solve the above quadratic equation to obtain
W = 3 and W = - 2
The width of a rectangle is positive hence W = 3 and
L=W+3=6
24. Find the circumference of a circular disk whose area is 100π square centimeters.
Solution
Area A = 100π; hence
A = π R 2 = 100π , where R is the radius of the disk.
Hence the equation
π R 2 = 100π
Solve for R.
R 2 = 100 give R = 10 cm
The circumference C is given by .
C= 2 π R = 20 π cm
25. The semicircle of area 50 π centimeters is inscribed inside a rectangle. The diameter of the
semicircle coincides with the length of the rectangle. Find the area of the rectangle.
Solution
If R is the radius of a semicircle; its area is known and is given by the formula
(1/2) πR 2 = 50 π
Solve the above equation for R
R 2 = 100 gives R = 10
The length L of the rectangle is equal to the diameter; hence
L = 2 R = 20 cm
26. The semicircle is inscribed inside the rectangle and therefore it radius is equal to width W of
the rectangle; hence
W = R = 10 cm
The area of the rectangle is equal to
L × W = 20 × 10 = 200 cm 2
27. A triangle has an area of 200 cm2. Two sides of this triangle measure 26 and 40 cm
respectively. Find the exact value of the third side.
Solution
The area A of a triangle given its two sides a and b making an angle α is given by
A = (1/2) a b sin(α)
Use the cosine rule to find cos(α) as
cos (α) = (a 2 + b 2 - c 2) / 2 a b , c is the third side of the triangle.
Use the formula sin(α) = √(1- cos 2 (α)) to rewrite the formula for the area as
A = (1/2) a b sin(α) = (1/2) a b √(1- ((a 2 + b 2 - c 2) / 2 a b) 2)
Simplify to obtain
A = (1 / 4) √(4 a 2 b 2 - (a 2 + b 2 - c 2) 2)
Solve for c to obtain two solutions
c = √ [ a 2 + b 2 ~+mn~ √(4 a 2 b 2 - 16 A 2) ]
In this problem a = 26, b = 40 and A = 200. Substitute and solve to find two solutions
c1 = √ (356) = 2 √ (89) ; c2 = √ (4196) = 2 √ (1049)
Answers to the Above Questions
0,1
0,2
0,4
48 miles per hour
136 miles
12:05 a.m.
5y + 3x = 13
length = 30 meters , width = 10 meters
not enough information to solve the problem.
50 meters
72 √3 square centimeters.
80 π cubic centimeters
200 π square centimeters
x=6
w = 19
x = 45 , y = 45 and z = 73
A = - 1/5
785 kg
1:4
10:48 a.m.
perpendicular
square with side length = 4 units
length = 6 units and width = 3 units
20π cm
200 cm 2
two solutions: 2 √ (89) and 2 √ (1049)