Shopping Mall

Alina asif.
Ramanpreet kaur
Rohit kumar.
SHOPPING MALL... 1.
shopping mall. Saurabh kumar.

Arshi warsi.
Greek Agora...
The word Agora is Greek
'open place of assembly’ and,
early in the history of Greece,
Architectural design – 801

MET, FOA, MORADABAD
designated the area in the city where

free-born citizens could gather to
hear civic announcements, muster for military campaigns or discuss politics. Later
INTRODUCTON
SHOPPING MALL... 2.
the Agora defined the open-air, often tented, marketplace of a city (as it still does in
Greek) where merchants had their shops and where craftsmen made and sold their
wares. The original Agora of Athens was
located below the Acropolis near the
building.
The Agora was a central spot in
ancient Greek city-states.
The Agora was an open ‘‘place of assembly’’ in
ancient Greek city-states. Mumford (1961)
states that the most important function of the
agora was place for daily communications and
formal and informal assembly.

INTRODUCTON
SHOPPING MALL... 3.
Forum (Roman)...
The Roman Forum is a small open rectangle
surrounded by the ruins of ancient government
buildings at the center of the city of Rome. Citizens
of the ancient city referred to this marketplace as
the Forum, a marketplace, along with the buildings
used for shops and the stoas used for open stalls.
INTRODUCTON
SHOPPING MALL... 4.
19th century shops...
For wealthy women shopping was a popular pastime in the 19th century. In the late 19th
century shopping arcades were built in many British towns. Also in the late 19th century
Modern time shops...

A shopping mall is a term, in which one or more buildings form a complex
of shops representing merchandisers with interconnecting walkways that enable customers to
walk from unit to unit.
INTRODUCTON
SHOPPING MALL... 5.
department stores became common. In the early 20th century chain stores also became
common although many shops were still family owned.
INTRODUCTON
SHOPPING MALL... 6.
SPENCER PLAZA, CHENNAI...

Type – shopping mall and commercial offices.
Architectural style – Modernism.
Location – anna salai, chennai, INDIA.
Constructed started – 1863.
Total floor – 8.
Floor area – 1,068,000 sq ft (99,000 sq m).
ARCHITECT – C.R. Narayana Rao & co.
Developer – Mangal tirth.
First shopping
INTRODUCTON mall in India...
SHOPPING MALL... 7.
INDEX :-
STANDARDS
SHOPPING MALL... 8.
COLUMN SPACING, STORE DEPTHS
CLEAR HEIGHTS,PARKING AND TRAFFIC
SHOP SIZES & LAYOUTS
SHOW CASES AND SHELVING DATA
PLANNING GUIDELINES
CIRCULATION
ESCALATORS AND PASSENGER CONVEYORS AND LIFT
LIFE SAFETY
SANITARY INSTALLATIONS
AIR CONDITIONING, HEATING AND MECHANICAL VENTILATION
WATER REUIREMENTS
SHOPPING MALL... 9.
BARRIER FREE PARAMETERS
STANDARDS
SHOPPING MALL... 10.
COLUMN SPACING
Significant dimension is along the mall as this involves the widths, i.e. , frontages,
of stores.
Often used spaces are 20, 25 and 30 ft., with the last the most flexible .
STORE DEPTHS
Buildings are usually 120 to 140 ft deep, sometimes more to accommodate larger
stores .
If there are basements or mezzanines, the depth dimension usually can be
reduced 20 to 25 percent
CLEAR HEIGHTS
These vary from 10 to 14 ft. or more, with 12 Ft. a good average . Above this clear
height, there must be adequate space for air conditioning ducts, recessed lights,
structural e system, etc.
PARKING AND TRAFFIC
A ratio of between 5 and 6 car spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of leasable store area is
mandatory.
In the matter of parking layout, car stalls can be set at angles (say, 70‘ to the lanes,
which then requires one-way traffic; or stalls can be at 90' to the lanes, permitting
two-way traffic.
ADVERTISEMENT
WHEN SAME LEVEL
DIFFERENT LEVELS OF A MALL
STANDARDS
WHEN MEZZANINE FLOOR
WHEN BASEMENT
SHOP SIZES & LAYOUTS
12 to 15 ft wide by 50 to 60 ft long in large cities ;
and 15 to 18 ft. wide by 60 to 80 ft long in smaller
cities .
These dimensions apply particularly to shops in 100 percent retail districts .
Basements 8 to 9 ft high, in the clear, permit economical stock storage .
Ground floors are preferably approximately 12 ft high If no mezzanine is included ; mezzanines at least 7 ft6 inch above
floor level will accommodate most fixture heights.
STANDARDS
Height from mezzanine floor to ceiling may be as low
STANDARDS
as 6 ft6 in . if used for service space only ; 7 ft is the
preferred minimum for public use .
AISLE WIDTHS
Aisle Widths For clerks, min . = 1 ft8 inch.
Desirable 2 ft to 2 ft3 inch
For main public aisles, min .= 4 ft6 inch
Avg.5 ft6 inch to 7 ft;
Usual max., 1 1 ft.
Secondary public aisles, 3 ft to 3 ft6 inch.
STANDARDS
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS
DIFFERENT STORE UTILITY SHELVES
RETAIL STORE PLAN MEDIUM
SUPER SHELVING
HIGH RETAIL SHOP

MEDIUM RETAIL SHOP PLAN
SHOW CASES AND SHELVING DATA
Net areas Gross areas
STANDARDS
Staff facilities 10–15 per cent 25–30 per

cent
Offices 5–8 per cent
The ratio of sales to ancillary space ranges from about 45:55 in small shops and departmental stores to 60:40 in
STANDARDS
supermarkets.
Planning
Halls are usually designed to give a large-span open space having natural roof lighting, good ventilation and service
connections.
One-floor trading is preferred.
Perimeter stalls and other grouped layouts have service corridors.
Fish, meat and food stalls are sited in zoned areas with more sophisticated ventilation, drainage and services.
Key considerations:
Access and linkage to car parks, shopping areas, goods delivery and parking bays.
 Mix of traders.
 Risk of fire (incombustible materials, fire-resistant construction smoke evacuation)and means of escape.
Additions to the net sales area
METRIC HANDBOOK
- david alder
PLANNING GUIDELINES 2.Clear ceiling Height(m)

1.Structural models Width (m)
Small shops 3.3 to 3.8
Small shops 5.3 to 6.0
3.2 to 3.6 Large-space users 3.6 min.
Large-space users 7.3 to 9.2
3.Car parking Car spaces per Single-storey buildings –larger spans for large-space 1.5 m
100 m2 gross user Two 15 m 10.7each side To
retail area underside of beams articulated lorries: width
Supermarkets, 10-12 Sales area
superstores Non-sales area Minimum Approach
Shopping 4-5 centres clearance height 4.7 road –
4.Typical floor kN/m2 loading With floor: floor spacing 4 to 5 m 5.00 m

Shop sales 5 type sales area sales:ancillary area
area small shops (less than 280 m2 sales area) 45:55
Shop storage 10 Department 10000-20 000 m2 45:55. stores
Design load for 20 Variety stores 500 to 15 000 m 50:50
service yard
Notes Supermarkets The sales areas of large-space users 60:40, range from 1000
to 2500 m2
5.Goods and Superstores 5000 – 10 000 m2 of selling space.
Hypermarkets at least 2500 m2 sales floor 60:40,
m Notes
Shopping centers 25 000 and 50 000 m2 GLA
service docks
Mostly 5.4 m Retail parks at least 4500 m2
Depending on beam depth. Staff facilities (general guide only)
Typical provision Allowing
STANDARDS
METRIC HANDBOOK
Staff numbers: net sales areas, 1: 50 m2 to 1: 80 m2 - david alder
CIRCULATION:- Minimum area per person in various types of buildings

Occupancy Area per person (m2 )
Assembly halls (closely seated) .46 @450mm c/c movable seats .60@500mm c/c fixed seats
Dance halls .55 to 0.90
Restaurants (dining areas) .90 to 1.1
Retail shops and showrooms 4.6 to 7.0
Department stores, bazaars 0.9 (including counters, etc.)
bargain sales areas 0.46 (gangway areas only)
Offices 9.3 (excluding stairs and lavatories)
Area per person to be allowed in various circulation areas
Occupancy Area per person (m2 )
Overall allowance for public areas in public-handling buildings 2.3 to 2.8

Waiting areas, 100 per cent standing, no cross-flows (e.g. lift 0.5 to 0.65
lobby)
Circulating people in corridors, reduced to halt by Obstruction. 0.2
Flow
Occupancy Area per person (m2 ) capacities
of
General design purposes 0.8
corridors
People moving at good walking pace (1.3 m/s) 3.7 and
staircases
People moving at a shuffle (0.4 to 0.9 m/s). 0.27 - 0.37
People at a standstill due to obstruction 0.2
METRIC HANDBOOK
- david alder
STANDARDS
SHOPPING MALL...
CORRIDORS AND PASSAGEWAYS
Where stairways discharge through corridors and case of all mercantile building.
passageways, the height of corridors and passageways NOTE:-
shall be not less than 2.4 m. For fully sprinklered building, the travel distance may be
All means of exit including staircases lifts lobbies and increased by 50 percent of the values specified EXTERNAL
corridors shall be adequately ventilated. STAIRS
External stairs, when provided shall comply the following:
Internal staircase minimum width shall be 2.0m in all
External stairs shall always be kept in sound operable
group F building.
conditions. Ail external stairs shall be directly connected to the
Pressurization of Staircases (Protected Escape ground.
Routes) Pressurization is a method adopted for The external stairs shall be constructed of noncombustible
protected escape routes against ingress of smoke, materials,
especially in high-rise buildings. In pressurization, air is No external staircase, used as a fire escape, shall be inclined at
injected into the staircases, lobbies or corridors, to an angle greater than 45° from the horizontal.
raise their pressure slightly above the pressure in External stairs shall have straight flight not less than 1250 mm
adjacent parts of the building. As a result, ingress of wide with 250 mm treads and risers not more than 190 mm. The
smoke or toxic gases into the escape routes will be number of risers shall be limited to 15 per flight.
prevented. The pressurization of staircases shall be Handrails shall be of a height not less than 1000 mm and not
adopted for high rise buildings and building having exceeding 1200 mm. There shall be provisions of balusters with
mixed occupancy/ multiplexes having covered area maximum gap of 150 mm.
more than 500 m2. The use of spiral staircase shall be limited to low occupant load
ARRANGEMENT OF EXITS and to a building not exceeding 9 m in height.
Exits shall be so located that the travel, distance on A spiral stair case shall be not less than 1500 mm in diameter
the floor shall not exceed the distance of 30m. In and shall be designed to give adequate headroom.
STANDARDS
METRIC HANDBOOK
HORIZONTAL EXITS The refuge area shall be provided on the periphery of the floor
For buildings more than 24 m in height, refuge area or preferably on a cantilever projection and open to air at least
of 15 m2 or an area equivalent to 0.3 m2 per person on one side protected with suitable railings.
to accommodate the a)For floors above 24 m and Up to 39 m — One refuge area on
occupants of two consecutive floors, the floor immediately above 24 m.
National Building Code- 2005

TURNING SPACE
STANDARDS
METRIC HANDBOOK
For floors above 39 m — One refuge Most wheelchairs require a space 1.4 m square to turn
area on the floor immediately above around. This determines the minimum size of lift cars
39 m and so on after every 15 m. and circulation spaces in rooms.
Refuge area provided in excess of the
requirements shall be counted
towards FAR.
Where there is a difference in level
between connected areas for
horizontal exits, ramps, not more
than 1 in 10 m slope shall be
provided; steps shall not be used.
Doors in horizontal exits shall be
openable at all times from both sides
ESCALATORS AND PASSENGER CONVEYORS
STANDARDS
METRIC HANDBOOK
SHOPPING MALL...
LIFT
Quality Service or Acceptable Interval
20 to 25 seconds Excellent
30 to 35 seconds Good
34 to 40 seconds Fair
45 seconds Poor
Over 45 seconds Unsatisfactory
NOTE— For residential buildings longer intervals should be permissible.
STANDARDS
METRIC HANDBOOK
16.
STANDARDS
METRIC HANDBOOK
NOTES-
1 The total overhead dimension has been calculated on the basis of car height of 2.3 m.
2 In case of manually operated doors, clear entrance will be reduced by the amount of projection of
handle on the landing door.
3 All dimensions given above for lifts having centre opening power operated doors with
counterweightat rear, are recommended dimensions primarily for architects and building planners.
Any variations mutually agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser are permitted.
However, variation in:
a) Car inside dimensions shall be within the maximum area limits specified in accordance with
accepted standards.
b) Entrance width on higher side is permitted.
c) Entrance width on lower side is permitted up to 100mm subject to minimum of 700 mm.
METRIC HANDBOOK
4 Dimensions of pit depth and overhead may differ in practice as per individual manufacturer’s
design depending upon load, speed and drive. Recommended dimensions for pit depth, overhead and
machine-room for different lift speeds are given in Table 1A.
However, the pit depth and overhead shall be such as to conform to the requirements of bottom
clearance and top clearance in accordance with the accepted standards.
STANDARDS
LIFE SAFETY
General Exit Requirements
An exit may be a doorway; corridor passageway(s) to an internal
staircase, or external staircase or horizontal landing.
Lifts and escalators shall not be considered as exits.
Every exit, exit access or exit discharge shall be continuously maintained
free of all obstructions.
Exits shall be clearly visible and the route to reach the exits shall be
clearly marked and signs posted to guide the occupants of the floor
concerned.
Fire
doors
with 2 h
fire
resistance
shall be
provided
at appropriate places along the escape route.
Fire doors with 2 h fire resistance shall be provided at
appropriate places along the escape route
STANDARDS
It is recommended that smoke exhaust equipment should have a minimum capacity of 12 air changes per hour.
NOTE— The total occupants from a particular floor must evacuate within 2 1/2 minutes for Type 1 construction,
Any mercantile building having area more than 500 m2 on each floor shall have a minimum of two staircases. One is
may be enclosed type and another one is directly open to external surface of building block

Group F Mercantile Buildings D), small business (Subdivisions E-1 ) and retail mercantile
These shall include any building or part of a (Group F) buildings, or mess which are under development
building, which is used as shops, stores, market, for such occupancies.
for display and sale of merchandise, either Restrictions on the Type of Construction for New Buildings.
wholesale or retail. Buildings erected in Fire Zone No. 1 shall conform to
Mercantile buildings shall be further sub-divided construction of Type 1, 2, 3 or 4.
As follows: For buildings 15 m in height or above non-combustible materials
Sub-division F-1 Shops, stores, departmental should be used for construction and other material of
stores markets with area up to 500 sqmt. Sub- construction with minimum of 2 h rating.
division F-2 Shops, stores, departmental stores A high rise building during construction shallbe provided with the
markets with area more than 500 sqmt. Sub- following fire protection measures, which shall be maintained in
division F-3 Underground shopping centres. good working condition at all the times:
Fire Zone No. 1 — This shall comprise areas a. Dry riser of minimum 100 mm diameter pipe
having residential (Group A), educational (Group with hydrant outlets on the floors constructed
B), institutional (Group C), and assembly (Group with a fire service inlet to boost the water in the
STANDARDS
dry riser and maintenance should be as
per the requirements laid down in good
practice.
b. Drums tilled with water of 2000
litres capacity with two fiie buckets on
each floor; and
c. A water storage tank of minimum
20000litres capacity, which may be
used for other construction purposes
also.
STANDARDS
National Building Code-
STANDARDS
2005
STANDARDS
R — Required
NR — Not Required
2. Required to be installed in basement if area of basement exceed s200 sqmt.

STANDARDS
4 .Additional value given in parenthesis shall be added if basement area exceeds200sqmt.
STANDARDS
SANITARY INSTALLATIONS
Sanitary facilities for customers in shops and shopping malls having a net sales
area more than 1000 m2 and assuming equal numbers of male and female
customers.
METRIC
HANDBOOK
- david alder
The ratio of fittings in male and female toilets shall be 3:5, for There should be at least a 900mm clearance in front of
example, 1 WC and 2Urinals for male: 5 WC.s for female the WC to any wall, fixture or door.
which is in accordance to the NEA’s COPEH. supply a predetermined quantity of not more than 4.5
Urinals litres of water per flush after each use.
Individually wall-hung urinal units shall be at least 300mm (a) Mechanical Ventilation
wide and the lip of the collection area shall project from the Where mechanical means are used for ventilation, there
wall by at least 300mm. should be cross ventilation and the air exchange rate
A urinal should not be set closer than 450mm from its centre should have a minimum of 15 air changes per hour.
to any side wall, partition, vanity or other obstruction, or The exhaust air should be discharged to the exterior of
closer than 900mm centre-to-centre between adjacent the building at a position at least 2 m above the
fixtures. pavement level and at least 5 m from any window or
There should be at least a 900mm clearance in front of the fresh air intake.
urinal to any wall, fixture or door. (b) Natural Ventilation
Urinals should be separated by modesty boards of not less
For natural ventilation, suitable fresh air inlet grilles shall
than 300mm x 1800mm (Height) to act as a visual barrier
be provided to ensure an
between urinals.
air exchange rate of 5 air changes per hour.
Wash Basins
Examples of good materials for toilets:
Wash basins should be substantial in size. The basins should (a) Floor
have a minimum size of 500mm in length and 400mm in
Non-slip ceramic tiles, natural stone, homogeneous tiles,
width.
terrazzo.
Water Closets (WCs)
(b) Wall
A WC should not be set closer than 450mm from its centre
to any side wall, partition, vanity or other obstruction.
Ceramic tiles, natural stone, homogeneous tiles, stainless Mineral fibre board, fibrous plaster
steel, enamelled steel panels, glass block, aluminium panels, board,
phenolic cladding. Aluminium panels or strips
(c) Ceiling
-A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and
Maintenance
Third Edition 2013
Provision of Facilities Off-set entrance maze without doors
(a) Soap Dispensers
(b) Litterbins
(c) Electronic Hand-Dryers/Paper Towel Dispensers
(d) Toilet Paper Dispensers
(e) Toilet Seat Sanitizers/Covers
(f) Water Tap Points within Cubicles
(g) Air Fresheners
(h) WC / Urinal Sanitizers
(i) Coat Hooks
( j) Cleaning Attendant’s Sink & Equipment StorageSpace Directional signage
For toilets, the provision of the following
user-friendly features is strongly recommended.
(a) Accessible Toilet
(b) Toilet for the Ostomates.
(c) Baby Seats
(d) Diaper Changing Stations
(e) Urinals and WC’s for Children
(g) Signages for cubicle doors
(h) Full-Length Mirrors
(i) Waiting Areas
Looscaping
The ambience of public toilets can be enhanced further by:
(a) Introducing plants which can be easily maintained inside
the toilets as well as surrounding the public toilets.
(b) Placing of wall pictures and illuminated with delicate lighting. The pictures or
wallpapers should be waterproof (e.g. made of impervious material).
(c) Placing of ornaments or sculptures at the ‘dead’ corners of the toilets. -A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance
Third Edition 2013
-A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance

Third Edition 2013
SHOPPING
AIR CONDITIONING, MALL...
HEATING AND MECHANICAL VENTILATION 33.
PLANNING DESIGN CRITERIA (Fundamental Requirements)
The object of installing ventilation and air
conditioning facilities in buildings shall be to provide
conditions under which people can live in comfort,
work safely and efficiently.
Ventilation and air conditioning installation shall aim at
controlling and optimizing following
factors in the building: a) Air
purity and filtration,
b) Air movement,
c) Dry-bulb temperature,
d) Relative humidity,
e) Noise and vibration,
f) Energy efficiency, and
g) Fire safety.
DUCT SYSTEMS
Classification :
Low pressure systems:
Velocity ≤ 10 m/s, static pressure ≤ 5 cm HO (g) .
Medium pressure systems:
Velocity ≤ 10 m/s, static pressure ≤ 15 cm HO (g).
High pressure systems:
Velocity > 10 m/s, static pressure 15<p ≤ 25 cm HO (g).
Recommended air velocities depend mainly on the application
And the noise criteria.
Residences: 3 m/s to 5 m/s
Theatres: 4 to 6.5 m/s
Restaurants: 7.5 m/s to 10 m/s
Chilled Beam Chilled beams
are
predominantly used for cooling
and ventilating spaces, where a
good indoor environment and
individual space control is
valued. Chilled beams use
water to remove heat from a
room and are located in the
room space.
Chilled beams are primarily
used in locations where the
humidity can be controlled.
Chilled beam also supplement
the flexible use of available
space, at the same time as the
high temperature cooling and
low temperature heating
maximizing the opportunity for
free cooling and heating. Chilled Beam
Operation of the chilled beams
is used where the internal
humidity loads are moderate,
the primary air is dehumidified and any infiltration through the building is limited and controlled.
HANDBOOK OFFICE BUILDING
- CPWD
10. To be installed in entire building. “
11. TO be installed in all floors at appropriate places and in consultation with local fire authorities.
12. Building above 30m in height not to be permitted for Group B, Group C, Group D and Group F occupancies.
13. All underground
shopping areas
should be fully air-
conditioned.
General Requirements
of All Individual
Occupancies
Exceptions and
Deviations
Occupation of
Buildings under
Construction
Maximum Height
Floor Area Ratio
Open Spaces
Mixed Occupancy
Openings in
Separating
Walls and Floors
Vertical opening
Fire Stop or Enclosure
of Openings
Electrical Installations
Air-conditioning and Ventilation
Smoke Venting
Glazing
National Building C ode- 2005
Rain Water Harvesting
Since June 2001, the Ministry of Urban affairs and Poverty Alleviation has made rainwater harvesting mandatory in all
new buildings with a roof area of more than 100 sq m and in all plots with an area of more than 1000 sq m, that are
being developed
BARRIER FREE PARAMETERS
To accommodate the persons with disabilities and elderly. Few integral
components of the building design can be planned following these
considerations.
Kerb Ramp
• Width should not be less than 1200mm
• Useful for a smooth transition.
• Footpath flushed with roadway, at a gradient not exceeding that
1:12.
• Warning strip to be provided on the kerb side edge of the slope.
Foothpath • Obstruction-free for the convenience of all users.
Rain Water Harvesting tank
• Height of the footpath not to be more than 150 mm form the road level.
• Change in level on the footpath should be made clearly visible.
• Width of the footpath should 1800 mm and minimum clear unobstructed path should be 1200 mm.
• Street furniture should be placed outside the path of travel.
• Resting Places should be provided along travel routes.
• Protruding elements should be avoided.
• Bollards should be 1000 mm high, painted in contrasting colour stripes with clear minimum gap of 1200 mm.
Parking
• Parking should be within 30 meters of the main entrance the building.
• Two accessible parking lots with dimension 3600mm X 5000mm.
• International symbol of accessibility painted on the ground and also on a signpost/board.
• Directional signs guiding people to the accessible parking.
• Wheel stoppers to be provided, to
- CPWD
Ramps
• Gentle slope: 1:12 max. 1800 x 1800 landing after 9m of travel distance.
• Width: 1800mm or more.
• Handrails to be on both sides and at two levels – 760mm and 900mm. Extend 300mm beyond top and bottom of
ramp.
• Warning tile should be placed at 300mm before and the ramp edges.
Steps and Stairs
• Uniform risers : 150mm and tread: 300mm.
• Stair edges should have 50mm wide, bright/ contrast colour band.
• Maximum height of a flight between landings to be 1200mm.
• Landing should be 1200mm clear of any door swing.
• The steps should have an unobstructed width of at least 1200mm.
• Continuous handrails on both sides including the wall (if any) and at two levels –
760mm and 900mm.
• Warning tile to be placed 300mm at the beginning and at the end of all stairs.
• Nosing should be avoided.Handrails
Handrails/ Grab bars are extremely important features and must be designed to be easy to
grasp and to provide a firm and comfortable grip so that the hand can slide along the rail
without obstruction.
Handrails should be circular with a diameter of 38mm, at least 50mm clear two levels
– 760mm and 900mm form the finished floor, extend by at least 300mm. Grab bars
should: -
• Be slip-resistant with round ends;
• Have a circular section of 38-50 mm in diameter;
• Be free of any sharp or abrasive elements;
• Have continuous gripping surfaces, without interruptions or obstructions that canbreak a hand hold;
- CPWD
 Have a minimum clear space of 50 mm from the wall;
 Be installed at a height of 760 mm to 900 mm
Tactile Surface:-
Line-type blocks (Guiding tile): indicate the correct path/ route to follow.
Dot-type blocks (Warning Tile): indicate warning signal, to screen off obstacles, drops– offs or other hazards, to
discourage movement in an incorrect direction and to warn of a corner or junction.
 These tiles shall be placed 300mm at the beginning and end of the ramps, stairs and entrance to any door.

- CPWD
Circulation Area
• Corridors should have an unobstructed width of 1800mm.
• Level differences should be beveled.
• Thresholds and gratings should not be more that 10mm.
• Protruding objects (more that 100mm form the wall) to be placed either
in a niche or above 2100mm form the floor.
• Open spaces below ramps, escalator and stairs should be blocked out
completely by protective guard rails, raised curbs or marked with a
tactile surface.
Door
• Should provide a clear opening of 900mm.
• Be fitted with lever action locks and D shape handles of circular section,
between 800mm and 1000mm form floor level.
• Also be fitted with vision panels at least between 900mm and 1500mm
form floor level.
• Be colour contrasted with the surrounding walls and should not be
heavier than 22N to open.
• A distance of 400mm to 600mm should be provided beyond the leading
edge of door to enable a wheelchair user to maneuver and to reach the
handle.
• Kick plates are recommended 300mm form the bottom, to resist wear
and tear.
Accessible Toilet
A minimum of one toilet compartment with minimum size of 2000 x
1750mm is required on each floor having all barrier free provisions.
Accessible Lift A minimum of one 13 passenger lift is required having all barrier
free provision.
HANDBOOK OFFICE
BUILDING- CPWD -
CPWD
SERRAMAR PAQUE SHOPPING MALL... 48.
The proposal was to develop a mall to meet tourists and also the population of
Caraguatatuba and neighboring cities in the north coast of São Paulo.
This shopping mall is all accommodated on one floor. This is important to
note since shoppers and mall visitors have a tendency to avoid vertical
movements and hence facilities/shops on upper levels do not get as much
use as those in the lower levels.
This also removes the challenge of disabled visitors having to be
accommodated on the upper levels.
To meet the clients needs, the mall has to be made sustainable shopping
mall financially, i.e. with low maintenance cost. so, the architects opted for
a ground floor location, no elevators or escalators.
The Serramar Shopping mall has ;
• 100 stores, including anchors, megastores and satellite stores .
• Hypermarket.
• Home center.
• food court with fast networks food and restaurants, •four movie
theaters and
• 1,000 parking spaces.
LITERATURE STUDY
Architect: Aflalo and Gasperini Architects
Location:Caraguatatuba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Built Area: 30,3033 sqm. Site Area:
119,000 sqm.
Year ; November, 2011
INTRODUCTION
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SERRAMAR PAQUE SHOPPING MALL...SERRAMAR PARK
SHOPING... 33.
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 This shopping mall is located in Caraguatatuba, a seaside town
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SAO PAULO STATE in São Paulo state, Brazil
 The proposal for this project was to develop a mall for tourists
LOCATION
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MOUNTAINS
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•
54.
SERRAMAR PAQUE SHOPPING MALL... An open space integrated with nature concept was
adopted, different from the concept of a closed mall.
•An opened ground floor mall with planted wooded
courtyards was developed to compliment and
highlight the beach climate.
SITE PLAN
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•The provision of four entrances into the mall ensures that there is no congestion at anygiven entrance.
•Most of the entrances face the parking, while only one faces the main road .
•This is because of the fact that most people visit shopping mall in cars and hence, most of the traffic is
•Expected the mall from the parking lot. Reduces the distance of walking from their car to the inside of the mall.
•Visitors on foot don’t have to go all the way to the parking in order to access the mall, as they can branch off
the main road and access it directly from here.
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PARKING
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•All the parking spaces
There is the use of signs to enhance quick flow of traffic and

avoid accidents and confusion in the parking lot.
 The security lights provided make the parking lot safe at night.
 The wood canopy provided for the pavement from the parking
lot to the mall buildings makes the walk comfortable away
from the suns heat.
 The materials used on this piece (i.e. are wood and concrete),
absorb the heat reflected by the parking lot’s asphalt and thus
making this canopy comfortable.
Canopy providing shade for walk from parking
to mall buildings.
LITERATURE STUDY are angled, set out at a
90o angle.
•Yellow road paint has
been used to demarcate
parking spaces while a
group of parking lots on
the same stretch is
separated by a planted
curb that also holds
the security lights.
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PLAN
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Three wooded courtyards were designed. In the pleasant outdoor space, courtyards
also ensure thermal comfort within the blocks.
Recreational Facilities
There are four cinemas, a food court and indoor play
areas.
Apart from these, the mall has a landscaped area where
patrons can take walks, sit down and relax as they take
in the views of the mountains and stream to the North
of the mall.
Several view areas have been provided as points to take
in the views in the landscaped area.
Decks along the landscaping , Decks provided for circulation However, the indoor play areas and the cinemas don’t
shaded with louvers in the planted areas require the views and this explains their placement in
LITERATURE STUDY
CIRCULATION the design. The recreational activity in these two areas
•The external circulation at Serramar is dynamic and interesting, takes place within only.
due to arrangement of the building blocks of the mall.
•Decks are provided throughout the planted internal squares
between the blocks for navigation and these decks are shaded by
bamboo louvers.
•Internally, each block houses a specific function, and thus
circulation is provided specifically for that •block
according to its function.
•We opted for a nonclimate of the corridors, only mechanical
ventilators to enhance air circulation. The only air-conditioned
areas are the food court and shops. We use bamboo louvers to Indoor play area at Serramar Parque Shopping
shade and protect better the circulation areas. The yellowish
color of bamboo, along with the wood tones found in internal
All thewere
squares foodinserted
areas have beenaset
to have at the
more North Atmosphere.
intimate end of the
mall.This is because the best views of this site are
towards this direction where the mountains and the
stream are visible. Thus, one is able to relax in the
food zone as they dine or drink and this doubles as a
recreational activity.
To favor the panoramic view of the mountains, the food
court is open out of the mall, consisting of an enclosed
area with transparent glasses and heated, and an outside
deck that allows a pleasant contemplation of space to
the mountains, and also to a stream.
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FOOD COURTS
NATURAL COOLING
ducts 60 cm height in the center of the gardens capture the
air as underground ducts carry air to each of the installed totems in courtyards. The design of these totems is designed so
that the air flow does not reach the people at face level. The air movement speed is not high enough to cause discomfort,
but sufficient to cause the cooling sensation of the body. In yards, the
ventilation ducts are buried inside the •We opted for a nonclimate of the
corridors, only mechanical concrete boxes with an opening for air intake above
the ventilators to enhance air circulation. The only air-conditioned ground level.
areas are the food court and shops. We use bamboo louvers to Food court
LITERATURE STUDY
outdoor deck sitting shade and protect better the circulation areas. The yellowish color of bamboo, along with the
wood tones found in internal squares were inserted to have a more intimate Atmosphere.
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COURT YARDS
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Considering STUDY
the climatic conditions of the region, the architects
provides These bamboo canopies have important functional
characteristics as filter direct sunlight, ensuring a shaded area
and minimizing the impact of discomfort in the case of more
heavy rain as it avoids direct splashing in the corridors.
LANDSCAPING
with bamboo roofs that make the shopping internal landscape
and the wood on the decks of the squares and in the outer area
of the food court.
The area is prone to dengue, the breading ground for mosquitoes
So they decided to remove the plants and ensure the peace of
the customers.
Bromeliad is the symbol of the city and for this reason was
chosen by landscaping team.
The plant in its natural environment , as the ecosystem that
forms in plant tank does not allow the development of the larvae
of the mosquito that transmits dengue.
plants like bamboo orchids, ginger Shell, Screen Adam and Agapantos,
Also used in the landscaping0
LITERATURE STUDY
SECTION -A
Sun shading is provided by slanting of the

faces of East and West facing facades such
that they protrude past the wide windows.
This keeps the form simple without clutter
in sun-shading elements that would
otherwise seem too much in the design of a
shopping mall.
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SECTIONS STUDY
The coatings of the blocks are

simple, with textured pasta
special and the details coated
with brown corrugated sheet
metal.
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ELEVATIONS
ROADSIDE VIEW
MAIN ENTRY
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MATERIAL USED
WOODEN PATHWAYS
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•A composition of bright materials is used in the design of this shopping mall •Materials
to create a cozy ambience. were chosen
• Yellow bamboo louvers are used to provide shade and protection to with a rustic
circulation areas. look, linked
•Timber has also been used to cover walkways from the parking to the built to a more MIMICS WOOD
up area. The use wood and bamboo compliments the wooden tones found in coastal
the inner squares of the mall. language, but
•The finish of the blocks that make up the mall is simple, consisting of also be easy
textured monolithic mass and covered with a brown metal plate detail. to maintain PORCELAIN TILE
•The use of transparent glass on the wide windows especially on the food and present a
court gives a good view to the Mountains and the stream. long life. •The
floor of malls
will be in portuguese mosaic with polishing
near the windows, and an exposed concrete
ceiling.
•Additional balcony, bamboo, giving a warm
Aesthetic sense.
•The food court will have a porcelain tile that mimics wood, decking
cumaru wood will be integrated into the square and brings a
Simple finish of the blocks with a textured viewpoint of the lake,
LITERATURE STUDY
monolithic mass and a brown metal plate. • the bathrooms are in white Granite and the
lining of the blocks will be a textured monocapa.
LITERATURE STUDY

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Alina asif.

shopping mall. Saurabh kumar.

Architectural design – 801

designated the area in the city where

formal and informal assembly.

Modern time shops...

SPENCER PLAZA, CHENNAI...

WHEN SAME LEVEL

DIFFERENT LEVELS OF A MALL

These dimensions apply particularly to shops in 100 percent retail districts .

Basements 8 to 9 ft high, in the clear, permit economical stock storage .

Height from mezzanine floor to ceiling may be as low

DIFFERENT STORE UTILITY SHELVES

RETAIL STORE PLAN MEDIUM

HIGH RETAIL SHOP

Net areas Gross areas

Staff facilities 10–15 per cent 25–30 per

PLANNING GUIDELINES 2.Clear ceiling Height(m)

4.Typical floor kN/m2 loading With floor: floor spacing 4 to 5 m 5.00 m

CIRCULATION:- Minimum area per person in various types of buildings

Overall allowance for public areas in public-handling buildings 2.3 to 2.8

SHOPPING MALL... 15.

ESCALATORS AND PASSENGER CONVEYORS

b) Entrance width on higher side is permitted.

National Building Code- 2005

National Building Code- 2005

2. Required to be installed in basement if area of basement exceed s200 sqmt.

-A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance

HANDBOOK OFFICE BUILDING

There is the use of signs to enhance quick flow of traffic and

Sun shading is provided by slanting of the

The coatings of the blocks are

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