Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 626 views

    Arinc 429 PDF

    Uploaded by

    parantn
    The document discusses the ARINC 429 data bus standard which is commonly used to transfer digital data between avionics systems on commercial aircraft. Some key points: - ARINC 429 uses a simplex data bus with one transmitter and up to 20 receivers connected via a twisted-shielded pair. It operates at 12.5 kHz (low speed) or 100 kHz (high speed). - Data is transmitted in 32-bit words containing a 24-bit data field, 8-bit label, parity bit, and 2-bit sign/status matrix. Communication uses bipolar return-to-zero encoding. - Topologies include star, bus drop, and multiple bus designs. Data types include signed

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Arinc 429 PDF

    Uploaded by

    parantn
    626 views32 pages
    The document discusses the ARINC 429 data bus standard which is commonly used to transfer digital data between avionics systems on commercial aircraft. Some key points: - ARINC 429 uses a simplex data bus with one transmitter and up to 20 receivers connected via a twisted-shielded pair. It operates at 12.5 kHz (low speed) or 100 kHz (high speed). - Data is transmitted in 32-bit words containing a 24-bit data field, 8-bit label, parity bit, and 2-bit sign/status matrix. Communication uses bipolar return-to-zero encoding. - Topologies include star, bus drop, and multiple bus designs. Data types include signed

    Original Title

    ARINC 429.pdf

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses the ARINC 429 data bus standard which is commonly used to transfer digital data between avionics systems on commercial aircraft. Some key points: - ARINC 429 uses a simplex data bus with one transmitter and up to 20 receivers connected via a twisted-shielded pair. It operates at 12.5 kHz (low speed) or 100 kHz (high speed). - Data is transmitted in 32-bit words containing a 24-bit data field, 8-bit label, parity bit, and 2-bit sign/status matrix. Communication uses bipolar return-to-zero encoding. - Topologies include star, bus drop, and multiple bus designs. Data types include signed

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    626 views32 pages

    Arinc 429 PDF

    Uploaded by

    parantn
    The document discusses the ARINC 429 data bus standard which is commonly used to transfer digital data between avionics systems on commercial aircraft. Some key points: - ARINC 429 uses a simplex data bus with one transmitter and up to 20 receivers connected via a twisted-shielded pair. It operates at 12.5 kHz (low speed) or 100 kHz (high speed). - Data is transmitted in 32-bit words containing a 24-bit data field, 8-bit label, parity bit, and 2-bit sign/status matrix. Communication uses bipolar return-to-zero encoding. - Topologies include star, bus drop, and multiple bus designs. Data types include signed

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 32
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    ARINC 429 is a standard digital data bus commonly used to transfer data between avionics systems on commercial aircraft. It can operate at low or high speeds and uses a twisted pair cable with star or bus drop topologies.

    ARINC 429 is used to transfer digital data between avionics systems on commercial aircraft.

    The main components of an ARINC 429 data word are the parity bit, sign/status matrix, data field, source/destination identifier, and label.

    ARINC 429

    Data bus for Civil Aircraft

    Prepared
    by

    A.Kaviyarasu
    Assistant Professor
    Department of Aerospace Engineering
    Madras Institute Of Technology
    Chromepet, Chennai
    • This presentation is about ARINC 429 Data bus which is commonly used in all
    civil aircrafts.

    • ARINC- stands for “Aeronautical Radio INC”

    • ARINC is a private corporation organized in 1929 comprises of a airlines,


    aircraft manufacturers and avionics equipment manufacturers to produce
    specifications and standards for avionics equipment.

    • ARINC 429 is a standard for requirements for transfer of digital data between
    avionics systems on commercial aircraft.

    • ARINC 429 is also known as the Mark 33 DITS (Digital Information Transfer
    system) Specification.
    Typical photographic of ARINC 429
    • ARINC 429 uses simplex, twisted shielded pair data bus.

    • It consist of one transmitter and multiple receiver (up to 20 receiver connected to one
    twisted pair of wire).

    • It does not have Bus monitor, Remote terminal or Bus controller as like that of 1553B
    data Bus.

    • A transmitter may „talk only‟ to a number of receivers on the bus, up to 20 on one wire
    pair, with each receiver continually monitoring for its applicable data, but does not
    acknowledge receipt of the data.

    • A transmitter may require acknowledgement from a receiver when large amounts of data
    have been transferred. This handshaking is performed using a particular word style, as
    opposed to a hard wired handshake. When this two way communication format is
    required, two twisted pairs constituting two channels are necessary to carry information
    back and forth, one for each direction.
    • Communication on 429 data bus uses 32 bit words with odd parity. The
    wave form uses is bipolar return to zero with each bit lasting either 70 or 83
    microsec+_2.5 percent or 10microsec+_2.5 percent depends on operating
    speed of bus.

    • ARINC-429 data bus operate in two speeds


    – Low speed (12.5 kHz )
    – High speed (100kHz)

    • Low speed bus is used for general purpose low critical application .

    • High speed bus is used for transmitting large quantities of data's or flight
    critical applications.
    • Transmission from the source LRU is comprised of 32 bit words
    containing a 24 bit data portion containing the actual information,
    and an 8 bit label describing the data itself.

    • LRUs have no address assigned through ARINC 429, but rather


    have Equipment ID numbers which allow grouping equipment into
    systems, which facilitates system management and file transfers.

    • Sequential words are separated by at least 4 bit times of null or zero


    voltage.

    • Transmission rates may be at either a low speed – 12.5 kHz – or a


    high speed – 100kHz.
    Star Topology

    Receiving
    LRU

    Receiving
    LRU Receiving
    LRU

    Transmitting
    LRU

    Receiving Receiving
    LRU LRU

    Receiving
    LRU
    Bus Drop Topology

    Transmitting
    LRU

    Receiving
    LRU
    Receiving
    LRU

    Receiving
    LRU

    Receiving
    LRU
    Multiple Bus Design Topology

    LRU RX RX
    Tx Rx

    Rx Tx Tx
    LRU

    RX

    RX RX RX
    • ARINC 429 data words are 32 bit words made up of five primary fields:
    • Parity – 1 bit
    • Sign/Status Matrix (SSM) – 2 bits
    • Data – 19 bits
    • Source/Destination Identifier (SDI) – 2 bits
    • Label – 8 bits
    Parity BIT

    • Parity bit helps to Detect Error in the receiving words.

    • ARINC 429 uses odd parity as error check to insure accurate


    data reception.

    • The number of Logic 1s transmitted in each word is an odd


    number. The receiver checks the received words having odd
    logic or not.

    • Odd logic 1s - accept the word


    • Even logic 1s- reject the word
    ARINC 429 data types

    • BNR Word Format (Signed Binary Number)


    – Encoded and transmitted by using 2s complement fractional binary notation

    • BCD Word Format (Binary coded Decimal)

    • Discrete Data-combination of Both BNR and BCD


    – Combination of BNR, BCD or individual bit representation

    • Maintenance data and Acknowledgement Data-Requires two way


    communication
    – Alphanumeric Data encoded

    • File data transfers by using Williamsburg/Buckhorn Protocol – A bit-oriented


    protocol.
    ARINC Bnr word Format

    • It represent the entire data as Binary Number using 2s complement method.


    • BIT 29 is used to represent as a signed number.
    • Bit 29 with 1 indicating a negative number – or South, West, Left, From or
    Below.
    • Bit 28 is MSB used to represent half the maximum value of data.
    • Bit 27 is half the value of Bit 28.
    • Bit 26 is half the value of Bit 27.
    ARINC BCD word Format

    • It uses 4 data field bits to represent each decimal digit.

    • 5 subfields are used to represent decimal value. Among 5 data


    fields. MSB Digit 1 only have 3 data field bits (for maximum
    binary value of 7).IF MSB digit is greater than 7 bit 29-17 are
    padded with zero and second subfield become MSB allowing
    4 data field instead of 5data field to represent the data.
    Discrete Data word Format

    • Discrete data can be made up of BNR and/or BCD data,


    or as individual bits representing specific equipment
    conditions. Pass/Fail, Activated/Non-Activated and
    True/False conditions relating to system or subsystem
    operational activity can be represented by setting or
    clearing predefined bits in the word data field.
    Maintenance Data and Acknowledgement
    • It can only employ or access by using Duplex or Two way communication
    between source and the sink (receiver).

    • Since ARINC 429 only uses one way simplex transmission.

    • Two ARINC channels are required for an LRU to send and receive
    maintenance, Acknowledgement and sequence of messages.
    Williamsburg/Buckhorn Protocol
    • Williamsburg/Buckhorn is a bit oriented protocol used to File Transfer across an
    ARINC bus.

    • It is updated version of AIM data (Acknowledge, ISO Alphabet NO.5 and


    Maintenance Data) which was used in earlier version of ARINC 429.

    • File transfer are necessary when more than 21 bits of data are required to
    transmitted.

    • When initiating a file transfer – the source and receiver need to establish first.

    • Followed by source initiate a predefined code to determine compatibility with


    receiver units.

    • A request to send word (RTS) is Transmitted containing a destination code and


    word count.

    • The receiver responds with a Clear to send word (CTS) retransmitting back to the
    destination and word count information.

    • Upon confirmation of CTS, the source begins the file transfer.


    • Files are transferred in Link Data Units (LDUs) format. Means, the entire file is
    divided into 3 to 255 words of length depends upon size of the file.

    • File transfer begin with a Start of Transmission word (SOT) which includes file
    sequence number, general format identifier(GFI), and LDU sequence Number.

    • After the SOT ,the data words are sent, followed by end of transmission (EOT).

    • The EOT includes a CRC and LDU position in the file being sent. The receiver
    decodes the files depends upon their LDU position.
    Sign/Status Matrix

    • BIT 31-30 are assigned for Sign/Status Matrix or SSM

    • Depending upon the word labels(1-8 bit),the SSM provides


    Different information about status of subsystem and status of
    the word.

    • For BCD ,the SSM can be used to indicate Sign or Direction


    of the data contained in the ARINC word.
    SSM for BCD word
    BIT 31 BIT 30 Decoded Information
    0 0 Plus, North, East, Right, To Above
    0 1 No Computed Data
    1 0 Functional Test
    1 1 Minus, South, West, Left, From, Below

    • Use of sign function for BCD is optional

    • NO Computed Data Code (01) is used to identify a source system that is not
    able to produce reliable data

    • Functional code is transmitted along with an Instruction command code to


    perform a test on receiver unit. The data received back from the receiver
    contains result of the test
    SSM for BNR word
    BIT 31 BIT 30 Decoded Information
    0 0 Failure warning
    0 1 No Computed Data
    1 0 Functional Test
    1 1 Normal Operation

    BIT 29 Decoded Information


    0 Plus, North, East, Right, To Above

    1 Minus, South, West, Left, From, Below

    • Failure warning code (00) indicates a transmitter or source system is failure that could
    not produce an reliable data.
    • NO Computed Data Code (01) is used to indicate unreliable data output by a condition
    other than system failure.
    • Functional code (10)- indicates the word data containing results of the Functional test.
    • Bit 29 is optional in BNR word Format.
    SSM for Discrete word

    BIT 31 BIT 30 Decoded Information


    0 0 Verified Data, normal operation
    0 1 No Computed Data
    1 0 Functional Test
    1 1 Failure warning

    • Use of sign function for BCD is optional.

    • NO Computed Data Code (01) is used to identify a source system that


    is not able to produce reliable data.

    • Functional code is transmitted along with an Instruction command code


    to perform a test on receiver unit. The data received back from the
    receiver contains result of the test.
    Source/DestiNation identifier

    • The source/Destination identifier (SDI) utilizes the bit 9-10.Its is optional bit
    used to identify the source which is transmitting the data or multiple receiver to
    identify which receiver the data is meant for.

    • For Higher resolution file transmission the BIT 9 and 10 may be used instead
    of SDI.
    Label

    • BIT 1-8 contains the ARINC Label also known as Information Identifier.
    • The label is expressed as a 3 Digit octal number.
    • The label is used to identify the word data type whether it is BNR, BCD,
    Discrete word and also contains instruction or Data reporting information.
    • Label may be extend by utilizing the Bits 11-13, as an Equipment Identifier to
    identify the bus transmission source. Equipment IDs are expressed in
    hexadecimal values.
    Cable Characteristic

    • The transmission bus media uses 78 Ω shielded twisted pair cable.


    The shield must be grounded at each end as well as all junction along
    the bus.
    • The transmitting source output impedance should be 75 Ω ± 5 Ω
    divided equally between Line A and Line B. This balanced output
    should closely match the impedance of the cable.
    • The receiving sink must have an effective input impedance of 8kΩ
    minimum.
    • Maximum length is not specified, as it is dependent on the
    number of sink receivers, sink drain and source power.
    • Most systems are designed for under 150 feet, but conditions
    permitting, can extend to 300 feet and beyond.
    Transmission characteristic
    • Data is transmitted in a
    bipolar, Return-to-Zero
    format.

    • This is a tri-state modulation


    consisting of HIGH, NULL
    and LOW states.

    • Voltages presented across the


    receiver input will be
    dependent on line length,
    stub configuration and the
    number of receivers
    connected.

    • Transmission voltages are


    measured across the output
    terminals of the source
    Example ARINC 429 Data format

    You might also like