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    Assign, Ent Biochem

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    roshan khan
    Biological membranes are selectively permeable barriers composed of a phospholipid bilayer with integral and peripheral proteins. The phospholipid bilayer forms the main structure of the membrane, with hydrophilic heads facing outwards and hydrophobic tails in the middle. Lipids play a key role by giving the membrane its fluid structure and maintaining selective permeability, with hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads sorting molecules based on their properties. Lipid rafts also form to organize specific proteins and processes within the membrane.

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    Assign, Ent Biochem

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    roshan khan
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    Biological membranes are selectively permeable barriers composed of a phospholipid bilayer with integral and peripheral proteins. The phospholipid bilayer forms the main structure of the membrane, with hydrophilic heads facing outwards and hydrophobic tails in the middle. Lipids play a key role by giving the membrane its fluid structure and maintaining selective permeability, with hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads sorting molecules based on their properties. Lipid rafts also form to organize specific proteins and processes within the membrane.

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    Biological membranes are selectively permeable barriers composed of a phospholipid bilayer with integral and peripheral proteins. The phospholipid bilayer forms the main structure of the membrane, with hydrophilic heads facing outwards and hydrophobic tails in the middle. Lipids play a key role by giving the membrane its fluid structure and maintaining selective permeability, with hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads sorting molecules based on their properties. Lipid rafts also form to organize specific proteins and processes within the membrane.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    30 views3 pages

    Assign, Ent Biochem

    Uploaded by

    roshan khan
    Biological membranes are selectively permeable barriers composed of a phospholipid bilayer with integral and peripheral proteins. The phospholipid bilayer forms the main structure of the membrane, with hydrophilic heads facing outwards and hydrophobic tails in the middle. Lipids play a key role by giving the membrane its fluid structure and maintaining selective permeability, with hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads sorting molecules based on their properties. Lipid rafts also form to organize specific proteins and processes within the membrane.

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    Significance of lipids in biological membranes:

    Lipids play a vital structural and functional role in biological membranes. Before we study their
    importance we should know about the biological membranes.
    What are Biological Membranes?
    Biological membranes are present inn living organisms and they act as a selectively permeable
    barrier allowing few molecules to pass through while hindering the flow of others e.g. the plasma
    membranes that surround the eukaryotic cell.
    Plasma membrane:
    It is present outside the animal cell and beneath the cell wall in plant cell and act as a semi
    permeable barrier allowing only selective molecules to pass through.
    Selective permeability of plasma membrane:
    Probably the most important feature of a biomembrane is that it is a selectively permeable
    structure. This means that the size, charge, and other chemical properties of the atoms and
    molecules attempting to cross it will determine whether they succeed in doing so.
    Structure:
    The structure of membrane is described by the fluid mosaic model. It was first proposed
    by S.J. Singer and Garth L. Nicolson in 1972 to explain the structure of the plasma membrane.

    Composition of plasma membrane:

    Phospholipids:
    It forms a phospholipid bilayer and is the main fabric of membrane.
    Cholestrol:
    It is present on and in between the phospholipid bilayer
    Integral Proteins:
    They are embedded within the phospholipid bilayer.
    Peripheral proteins:
    They are present on the inner or outer surface of bilayer.
    Carbohydrate:
    They are attached to the proteins on lipid bilayer.

    Significance of lipids in biological membrane:


    Biological membranes are fluid (liquid–crystalline) lipid bilayers, into which, proteins can insert
    or associate at the surface.
    Phospholipid bilayer is the main part of a biological membrane which gives it the structure and
    also maintains the fluidity of cell. A typical phospholipid bilayer is as follows:
    The biological membranes are made up of lipids which have:
    1. hydrophobic tail:

    The hydrophobic tails are hydrocarbon tails whose length and saturation is important in
    characterizing the cell.
    The tail (composed of the fatty acids) has no charge.
    2. hydrophilic heads:

    The main fabric of the membrane is composed of amphiphilic or dual-loving,


    phospholipid molecules. The hydrophilic or water-loving areas of these molecules are in
    contact with the aqueous fluid both inside and outside the cell.
    The head (the phosphate-containing group) has a polar character or negative charge.
    Lipid rafts occur when lipid species and proteins aggregate in domains in the membrane. These
    help organize membrane components into localized areas that are involved in specific processes,
    such as signal transduction.
    The typical structure of a phospholipid is as follows:

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