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JOYCE ANN C.

GUNO SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and SOCIETY


2BSCS-1 TF 2:30 PM – 4:00 PM

PROTECTED AREAS AND WILDLIFE BUREAU ( PAWB )

Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau (PAWB) is a government agency under the Department of Environment and
Natural Resources mandated by Executive Order No.192 to establish and manage protected areas; conserve wildlife;
manage coastal biodiversity and wetlands ecosystems; information and education on biodiversity and nature; manage
Ninoy Aquino Parks and Wildlife Center and the Hinulugan Taktak National Park; negotiate biodiversity-related multilateral
environmental agreements, and monitor national implementation.

1. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT

Keeping our natural resources and the environment safe have always been an important issue in the Philippine
government that’s why Executive Order No. 192 have been implemented. Executive Order No. 192 is about “ Providing
for the reorganization of Department of Environment, Energy and Natural Resources, Renaming it as the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources ” wherein it focuses on the need to protect and enhance the quality of the country’s
environment and to attain this objective, environmental and natural resources concern should be given equal attention
by the Department. And to accomplish its mandate, the Department was guided by the following objectives that will serve
as basis for policy formulation: (a) Assure the availability and sustainability of the country’s natural resources through
judicious use and systematic restoration or replacement, whenever possible; (b) Increase the productivity of natural
resources in order to meet the demands for forest, mineral and land resources of a growing population; (c) Enhance the
contribution of natural resources for achieving national economic and social development; (d) Promote equitable access
to natural resources by the different sectors of the population; (e) Conserve specific terrestrial and marine areas
representative of the Philippine natural and cultural heritage for present and future generations. They also established
policies and implement programs, an example is the preservation of cultural and natural heritage through wildlife
conservation and segregation of national parks and other protected areas. Staff sectoral bureaus on the other hand was
composed of: (a) Forest Management Bureau, (b) Lands Management Bureau, (c) Mines and Geo-Sciences Bureau, (d)
Environmental Management Bureau, (e) Ecosystems Research and Development Bureau, and last but not the least (f)
Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau (PAWB). This Executive Order have been approved in the City of Manila, last June
10, 1987 by former president Corazon C. Aquino.

The first important legislation that formed the basis of the current system of national parks and protected areas
in the Philippines is the Philippine Commission Act No. 648 enacted in 1903 by the US Congress. This act authorized
the Civil Governor to "reserve for civil public purposes, and from sale or settlement, any part of the public domain not
appropriated by law for special public purposes."

A total of eight national reserves had been established on July 26, 1904 pursuant to this law. These are: Lamao
Forest Reserve in Bataan, Mariquina Reserve in Rizal, Angat River Reserve in Bulacan, Caliraya Falls Reserve in Laguna, La
Carlota Reserve in Negros Occidental, San Ramon Reserve in Zamboanga, Magalang Reserve in Pampanga, and Hacienda
JOYCE ANN C. GUNO SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and SOCIETY
2BSCS-1 TF 2:30 PM – 4:00 PM

San Antonio in Isabela. In the same year, the Forest Act of 1904 (Act No. 1148) was adopted that expanded the scope of
protected areas in the Philippines. Among the first of such mountain forest reserves to be declared was Mount
Maquiling declared on November 21, 1910.

On February 1, 1932, the National Parks Act (Act No. 3195) was enacted that formally established the national
parks system in the country. Mount Arayat became the first national park in the Philippines established on June 27, 1933
following this act.

A series of acts and legislations were passed in the next decades that aimed to further strengthen these policies,
including the Revised Forestry Code of 1975 (Presidential Decree No. 705) and Forest Administrative Order No. 7.
Following the 1987 Constitution, the National Integrated Protected Areas System Act was enacted which further
enhanced the administration and classification of protected areas, and broadened the mandate of the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources in enforcing its provisions.

Protected areas in the Philippines encompass 40,700 square kilometres (15,700 sq mi) of terrestrial areas and
13,800 square kilometres (5,300 sq mi) of marine areas. They are managed according to the following classifications
described in Section 4 of the National Integrated Protected Areas System Act of 1992 (NIPAS Act).

But because of its expanding responsibilities particularly on biodiversity conservation, Protected Areas and
Wildlife Bureau have been renamed as Biodiversity Management Bureau (BMB) last January 2014, even though it was
renamed the agency will retain its mandate under the Executive Order No. 192 issued on 1987. BMB also mandates
Establishing and Managing Protected Areas, Conserving Wildlife, Promoting and Institutionalizing Ecotourism, Managing
Coastal Biodiversity and Wetlands Ecosystems, Conserving Caves and Cave Resources, Information and Education on
Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Managing Ninoy Aquino Parks and Wildlife Center, and Negotiating biodiversity-
related Multilateral Environmental Agreements and Monitoring National Implementation.
2. PEOPLE WHO WORKED ON TO THIS CONCEPT

Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau an agency of Department of Environment and Natural Resources was made
under the Executive Order 192 that was approved by former President , Corazon Aquino, and was also signed by the
Executive Secretary during that time who was Mr. Joker P. Arroyo. In order to protect, to conserve and sustainably manage
the country's biodiversity wherein their goals was to prevent the extinction of species, strengthen the implementation of
NIPAS and fostering other effective area-based conservation measure, promote biodiversity-friendly practices, and
mainstream the biodiversity across local, sectoral and national development plans and programs.
JOYCE ANN C. GUNO SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and SOCIETY
2BSCS-1 TF 2:30 PM – 4:00 PM

3. IMPLICATIONS IN ECONOMY, SOCIETY and LIFE


 GOOD

Ecotourism is a vital approach in protected and natural resources management, providing benefits to all involved
– tourists looking for a breath of fresh air, local communities that nurture nature destinations, protected area managers
and personnel tasked with the conservation of increasingly fragile natural resources, and more importantly, the wildlife
and ecosystems that require protection and care.

 BAD

I think the bad implication here is that even though it have many laws and policies that was implemented in this
agency is that sometimes people still don’t give importance of what this agency was doing in order to protect the
biodiversity here in the Philippines. They were still connive on what is happening in our biodiversity which shows that we
aren’t still fully-oriented about it. And sometimes the ecotourism is a bad impact, just like for example the news about
tourists who disobeyed the policies implemented in Boracay, it is one implication that they don’t value the way we take
care of our places here in the Philippines. I think the bad implication here is the way on how people will give importance
on the issues of the biodiversity in our country because as what I have said there are many laws and policies that was
implemented to protect our biodiversity but still people don’t take it seriously.

4. FUTURE

Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau envisions a perpetual existence of biological and physical
diversities in a system of protected areas and such other important biological components of the environment
managed by a well-informed and empowered citizenry for the sustainable use and enjoyment of present and
future generations.

5. POLICIES AND LAWS

 REPUBLIC ACTS (1987-1996)


 Republic Act No. 6964 - AN ACT CONVERTING THE HINULUGANG TAKTAK RECREATION AREA INTO
A NATIONAL PARK TO BE KNOWN AS THE HINULUGANG TAKTAK NATIONAL PARK, AND
APPROPRIATING FUNDS
 Republic Act No. 7586 - AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF
NATIONAL INTEGRATED PROTECTED AREAS SYSTEM, DEFINING ITS SCOPE AND COVERAGE, AND
FOR OTHER PURPOSES
 Republic Act No. 7954 - AN ACT TO DECLARE FIFTY METERS ON EACH SIDE OF THE BANGAN HILL
ROAD IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF BAYOMBONG, PROVINCE OF NUVA VIZCAYA, AS A NATIONAL
PARK AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
JOYCE ANN C. GUNO SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and SOCIETY
2BSCS-1 TF 2:30 PM – 4:00 PM

 REPUBLIC ACTS (1997-2006)


 Republic Act No. 8371 - AN ACT TO RECOGNIZE, PROTECT AND PROMOTE THE RIGHTS OF
INDIGENOUS CULTURAL COMMUNITIES/INDIGENOUS PEOPLES, CREATING A NATIONAL
COMMISSION ON INDIGENOUS PEOPLES, ESTABLISHING IMPLEMENTING MECHANISMS,
APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
 Republic Act No. 3571 - AN ACT TO PROHIBIT THE CUTTING, DESTROYING OR INJURING OF
PLANTED OR GROWING TREES, FLOWERING PLANTS AND SCHRUBS OR PLANTS OF SCENIC VALUE
ALONG PUBLIC ROADS, IN PLAZAS, PARKS, SCHOOL PREMISES OR IN ANY OTHER PUBLIC GROUND
 Republic Act No. 9304 - AN ACT TO ESTABLISH MT. MALINDANG NATURAL PARK AS A PROTECTED
AREA AND ITS PERIPHERAL AREA AS BUFFER ZONE
 Republic Act No. 9303 - AN ACT DECLARING MT. HAMIGUITAN RANGE AND ITS VICINITIES AS
PROTECTED AREA AND ITS PERIPHERAL AREAS AS BUFFER ZONE
 Republic Act No. 9237 - AN ACT ESTABLISHING MOUNT APO AS A PROTECTED AREA AND ITS
PERIPHERAL AREAS AS BUFFER ZONES
 Republic Act No. 9154 - AN ACT ESTABLISHING MT. KANLA-ON AS A PROTECTED AREA AND A
PERIPHERAL AREA AS BUFFER ZONE
 Republic Act No. 9147 - AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE CONSERVATION AND PROTECTION OF
WILDLIFE RESOURCES AND THEIR HABITATS, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFORE AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES
 Republic Act No. 9125 - AN ACT ESTABLISHING THE NORTHERN SIERRA MADRE MOUNTAIN
RANGE WITHIN THE PROVINCE OF ISABELA AS A PROTECTED AREA AND ITS PERIPHERAL AREAS
AS BUFFER ZONES
 Republic Act No. 1906 - AN ACT FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF SAGAY
MARINE RESERVE DEFINING ITS SCOPE COVERAGE, AND OTHER PURPOSES
 Republic Act No. 9072 - AN ACT TO MANAGE AND PROTECTED CAVES AND CAVE RESOURCES AND
FOR OTHER PURPOSES. THIS ACT SHALL BE KNOWN AS THE "NATIONAL CAVES AND CAVE
RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND PROTECTION ACT
 Republic Act No. 8991 - AN ACT TO ESTABLISH THE BATANES GROUP OF ISLANDS AND ISLETS AS
A PROTECTED AREA, AND ITS PERIPHERAL WATERS AS BUFFER ZONES
 Republic Act No. 8978 - AN ACT DECLARING THE MT. KITANGLAD RANGE AS A PROTECTED AREA
AND ITS PERIPHERAL AREAS AS BUFFER ZONES, PROVIDING FOR ITS MANAGEMENT AND OTHER
PURPOSES
 REPUBLIC ACTS (2007-2015)
 Republic Act No. 9494 - AN ACT DECLARING THE MAMBILISAN WATERSHED AS A PROTECTED
AREA
 Republic Act No. 10629 - AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE RETENTION BY THE PROTECTED AREA
MANAGEMENT BOARD OF SEVENTY-FIVE PERCENT(75%) OF THE REVENUES ACCRUING TO THE
INTEGRATED PROTECTED AREA FUND (IPAF)
 Republic Act No. 9847 - AN ACT ESTABLISHING MOUNTS BANAHAW AND SAN CRISTOBAL AS A
PROTECTED AREA
 Republic Act No. 9846 - AN ACT ESTABLISHING THE BUHISAN WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE, THE
MANANGA WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE, THE SUDLON NATIONAL PARK, THE CENTRAL CEBU
JOYCE ANN C. GUNO SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and SOCIETY
2BSCS-1 TF 2:30 PM – 4:00 PM

NATIONAL PARK AND THE KOTKOT-LUSARAN WATERSHED FOREST RESERVE INTO ONE
PROTECTED AREA TO BE KNOWN AS THE CENTRAL CEBU PROTECTED LANDSCAPE (CCPL)
 Republic Act No. 10067 - AN ACT ESTABLISHING THE TUBBATAHA REEFS NATURAL PARK AS A
PROTECTED AREA
 REPUBLIC ACTS (2016- 2018)
 Republic Act No. 11038 - AN ACT DECLARING PROTECTED AREAS AND PROVIDING FOR THEIR
MANAGEMENT, AMENDING FOR THIS PURPOSE REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7586, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS
THE "NATIONAL INTEGRATED ROTECTED AREAS SYSTEM (NIPAS) ACT OF 1992". AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES
 EXECUTIVE ORDERS (1987-2015)
 Executive Order 192 - PROVIDING FOR THE REORGANIZATION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENT, ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES, RENAMING IT AS THE DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
 Executive Order 774 - REORGANIZING THE PRESIDENTIAL TASK FORCE ON CLIMATE CHANGE
 Executive Order 533 - ADOPTING INTEGRATED COASTAL MANAGEMENT AS A NATIONAL
STRATEGY TO ENSURE THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY'S COASTAL AND
MARINE ENVIRONMENT AND RESOURCES AND ESTABLISHING SUPPORTING MECHANISMS FOR
ITS IMPLEMENTATION
 Executive Order 578 - ESTABLISHING THE NATIONAL POLICY ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY,
PRESCRIBING ITS IMPLEMENTATION THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY, PARTICULARLY IN THE SULU
SULAWESI MARINE ECOSYSTEM AND THE VERDE ISLAND PASSAGE MARINE CORRIDOR

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