"Language Function" Giving Advice Apologizing

LANGUAGE FUNCTION
"Language Function" is language that we use to perform various "functions"

such as giving advice or apologizing. Functional language typically uses fixed
expressions for each function–for example "if I were you" or "my suggestion is" in
giving advice, and "it was my fault" or "please forgive me" in apologizing.
1. Expressing permission
Study the following dialog. Then practice it with your friend and answer the
questions.
A : Dad, can I go to the movies with Tim and the guys tonight?
B : No, you may not. You’ve been twice to the movies this week.
A : Please, Dad. Please let me go. Tonight’s the last night. I’ll do anything you want
me to.
B : Will you clean the garage this afternoon before you go?
A : Uhmmm…. Okay, deal.
B : Deal. You can go with your friends but don’t be too late.
A : I won’t Dad and thanks, Dad. You’re the best.
2. Offering
Reservation : Good morning Kimuni Hotel, May I help you?
Mr Chris Scott : I want to book a room
Reservation : All right Sir. We have 3 types of room, and 3 types
is
standard, deluxe, and suite. Which type of room would you like to book, sir ?
Mr Chris Scott : I want to book a deluxe room for me and my wife,
and can i get a discount ?
Reservation : yes of course. May i know your name?
Mr Chris Scott : My name is Mr Chris Scott
Reservation : ok, Mr Chris Scott. We will wait you in our
hotel and good morning
3. Farewells
Jane : Hi, Helen! How are you?
Helen : Fine, thanks and you?
Jane : i’m fine. Where are you going?
Helen : I will go to hotel .
Jane : Oh. Well, I’ll see you later then. Good luck!
Helen : Thanks. See you later.
Jane : see you. Good-bye
4. Self- introduction
A: Hello. I'm Sasha.
B: Hi Sasha. I'm Brent.
A: Nice to meet you Brent. Where are you from?
B: Chicago, Illinois. And you?
A: I'm from Australia. I live in a small town near Sydney.
B: Australia. Wow. I've always wanted to go there. How long have you been in
Canada?
A: I just arrived this week. It's my first day of school.
B: Really? I think you'll love Vancouver. It's not too hot and not too cold.
5. LF Introduction someone
A : Vandy, this is Adit. Adit, this is Vandy
C : Nice to meet you, Adit? Are you Joni’s you friend ?
A : Yes, of course. We are friend
B : No, I’m his guide
C : Where do you work ?
B : I work in PT. DENA TOUR & TRAVEL
C : Have you ever been here?
B : Yes, I have
6. LF Thanking
PA : Excuse me sir. May I help you somehow?
Guest : Oh well…yeah. Actually I am waiting my friend here, but I can’t reach him
on the phone.
PA : Oh I see. Is he a guest here? I could call him on the room telephone if
you want.
Guest : That would be great. Thank you.
PA : No problem at all, sir. May I ask for your room number please?
Guest : Certainly. That’s 302.
PA : Thank you very much, I will call him immediately. Could you give me your
name, so I can tell him who is waiting for him?
Guest : Sure . It’s John Mayer.
PA : Perfect. Just moment sir. I will call him.
Guest : Thanks a lot!
7. Command/request
A : Do you mind if I ask you a question?
B : Not at all. What do you want to know ?
A : I've been waiting to know how you can be a successful guide. Do you
have any tips to give me?
B : I must admit it's not easy, but I took one step at a time and don't ever give
up. You should find a way if you come to a dead end.
A : Is that so? I will put your words into mind. Would you do me a favor,
Sir? How would you like to be a speaker at a seminar which will be held at my office
next month?
B : Next month? I have to check my agenda first.
8. Must/Obligation
Nopita : “ Ehm, Anik I will tell you something..! ”
Anik : “ What ?”
Nopita : “ I get invitation from Ana, to dinner in her restaurant tomorrow ”
Anik : “ So.. ? Why you look confused? ”
Nopita : “ Yes, because tomorrow I can’t come. I must go with my
family. Do you have any advice for me? ”
Anik : “ Why don’t you try call her tonight? ”
Nopita : “ Her handphone is busy ”
Anik : “I think better you explain to Ana, if you can’t dinner in her
Restaurant. because you must go with your family”
Nopita : “ good idea, thank you Anik…”
9. Apology /Excuse /Regret

Christina : Hey, Ravi! Why didn’t you turn up at my place last evening?
Everyone was waiting for you to show up, you know! In fact, we waited till 9:00 p.m.
to start!
Ravi : I’m so sorry, Tina I couldn’t get away from the office!
Christina : Well, why didn’t you call me ?
Ravi : I know, can you forgive me, please?
Christina : you know, Suzie came to meet you, and I have problem last
night!
Ravi : i’m so sorry, I promise it will never happen again!
Christina : It’s okay, but you better not repeat this. I don’t know if I can take
it one more time!
Ravi : Please let it pass this time. I promise this will never happen
again!
Christina : All right
Ravi : thank you
10. Forgiving
Arif : Hmmm, are you doing anything this week?
Tika : Nothing. Why?
Arif : Hmm, like you know, this week we will have summer vacation to Bali and I
think that I need you to be my date. Would you mind to come along with me?
Tika : Really? I’m sorry I don’t have free time for this week.
Arif : Well, don’t worry about it how about next week?
Tika : are you really? I’m so sorry
Arif : ok, no problem
Tika : thank you
11. Giving for opinion

Victoria : hi, Kayla. Where are you going anyway?
Kayla : oh, hi Vic. I will go to the hotel.
Victoria : oh. Hey maybe you can also try the new steak in Presiden
Wilson Hotel restaurant
Kayla : well, I think that’s impossible, Vic. Because i’m vegetarian.
Victoria : oh, how about salad? Salad in president wilson hotel is delicious
Kayla : we have different opinion about meat but we have same opinion
about vegatable and I appreciate your opinion.
12. Purpose
Waiter : Good day, madame. Can Ihelpyou?
Kane : Yes, I would like to take the cup cake orders.
Waiter : Can I see proof of payment?
Kane : Yes, of course. This is proof of payment.
Waiter : Please wait, I'll get it
Kane : Thank you.
13. Preference
Gilang : Which one do you like Martin? Jatim Park 1 or Jatim Park 2 ?
Martin : That is a difficult choice.
Gilang : I like Jatim Park 2 than Jatim Park 1. I think Jatim park 2 is the most
interesting place.
Martin : how about sulsel and sulbar ?
Gilang : i prefer sulsel to sulbar
Martin : So?? I’ll follow your agreement.
Gilang : Okey, We’ll have Jatim Park 2 and sulsel for our holiday next week.
Martin : Yeah, and we’ll go to there by our motor cycle.
Gilang : heeeeeeem… I don’think so guys..
Formal Greeting
 Good morning.
 Good afternoon.
 Good evening.
 Good morning, sir.
Expressing happiness
 Oh, I’m so happy.

 I can’t say how pleased I am.
 I had a splendid time there.
 What a marvelous place I’ve ever seen.
 It’s an outstanding adventure.
 It’s an interesting experience.
 It’s a sensational trip.
 Great!
 Exciting!
 Fantastic!
 Super!
 Terrific!
Asking for attention
 Excuse me, I wonder if I could trouble you ….

 May I have your attention, please?
 Excuse me, ….
 Sorry to trouble you.
 Sorry to bother you.
 Look at me!
 Look what I’ve got here.
 Look here.
 Look!
 Hey!
 Attention, please!
 Excuse me!
Offering condolences:
 I’m sorry.
 I’m sorry to hear about your father.
 I’m sorry to hear that your little Tweetie died.
 Let me offer my condolences.
 Let me tell you how sorry I am to hear about your grandmother.
 I know how you must feel.
 You must feel terrible about losing your brother like that.
Telling surprising news:
 Guess what!
 Surprise!
 I’ve got news for you.
 Do you know what?
 You won’t believe it!
sking for advice:
 Do you think I ought to call the police?
 What do you think I should buy him for his birthday?
 Do you have any ideas about how I can sell my car?

 Should I try to talk with him about this matter again?
 If you were me, what would you tell her?
 If you were in my situation, would you forgive him?
 Do you have any advice for me?
 Can you give me some advice?
 Do you have any recommendations about a good hotel inParis?
 Can you recommend a suitable wine for dinner?

Asking permission:
 Can I close the window, please?
 Please let me have the car tonight.
 May I close the door, please?
 Do you mind if I smoke?
 Would you mind if I went with her?
 Permit me to borrow your pen a minute.
 May I have your permission to marry your daughter.

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LANGUAGE FUNCTION

"Language Function" is language that we use to perform various "functions"

A : Uhmmm…. Okay, deal.

A : I won’t Dad and thanks, Dad. You’re the best.

9. Apology /Excuse /Regret

11. Giving for opinion

 Oh, I’m so happy.

Asking for attention

 Excuse me, I wonder if I could trouble you ….

Telling surprising news:

sking for advice:

 Do you think I ought to call the police?

 What do you think I should buy him for his birthday?

 Do you have any ideas about how I can sell my car?

 Can you recommend a suitable wine for dinner?

 Can I close the window, please?

 Please let me have the car tonight.

 May I close the door, please?

 Do you mind if I smoke?

 Would you mind if I went with her?

 Permit me to borrow your pen a minute.

 May I have your permission to marry your daughter.

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