Section 28 - Aggregate Base Course (Faa P-208) 28-1 General
Section 28 - Aggregate Base Course (Faa P-208) 28-1 General
Section 28 - Aggregate Base Course (Faa P-208) 28-1 General
Date
28-1 GENERAL
The Contractor shall perform all work required by the plans and specifications for construction
of aggregate base course for, use under runway shoulder, taxiway shoulder and roadway
pavement, in accordance with the Standard Specifications, except as specified otherwise in FAA
Specification Item P-208, as included and modified hereafter, and as shown on the Plans.
[For base course under runway and taxiway surfaces, use Section 29, FAA Item P-209.]
MATERIALS
The crushed slag shall be air-cooled, blast furnace slag and shall consist of
angular fragments reasonably uniform in density and quality and shall be
reasonably free from thin, elongated, or soft pieces, dirt, and other objectionable
matter. It shall weigh not less than 70 pounds per cubic foot as determined by
ASTM C 29.
The crushed gravel shall consist of hard, durable stones, rock, and boulders
crushed to specified size and shall be free from excess flat, elongated, soft or
disintegrated pieces, dirt, or other objectionable matter. The method used in
production of crushed gravel shall be such that the fractured particles occurring
in the finished product shall be as nearly constant and uniform as practicable and
shall result in a minimum of 60% of the material retained on the No. 4 sieve
having at least 2 fractured faces and 75% having at least 1 fractured face.
The crushed coarse aggregate shall have a percent of wear not more than 50 at
500 revolutions as determined by ASTM C 131.
All material passing the No. 4 mesh sieve produced in the crushing operation of
either stone, slag, or gravel shall be incorporated in the base material to the
extent permitted by the gradation requirements.
2 inch 100 -- --
1-1/2 70- 100 --
inch 100
1 inch 55-85 70-100 100
3/4 inch 50-80 55-85 70-100
No. 4 30-60 30-60 35-65
No. 40 10-30 10-30 10-25
No. 200 5-15 5-15 5-15
(
The gradations in the table represent the limits that shall determine suitability of
aggregate for use from the sources of supply. The final gradations decided on
within the limits designated in the table shall be well graded from coarse to fine
and shall not vary from the low limit on one sieve to the high limit on the adjacent
sieves, or vice versa.
The amount of the fraction of material passing the No. 200 mesh sieve shall not
exceed one-half the fraction passing the No. 40 mesh sieve. The aggregate blend
shall not contain more than 3% material finer than 0.02 mm unless all materials
are produced from crushed stone.
The portion of the filler and binder, including any blended material, passing the
No. 40 mesh sieve have a liquid limit not more than 25 and a plasticity index not
more than 6 when tested in accordance with ASTM D 4318.
The selection of any of the gradations shown in the table shall be such that the
maximum size aggregate used in any course shall be not more than two-thirds the
thickness of the layer of the course being constructed.
The additional filler may be composed of sand, but the amount of sand shall not
exceed 20% by weight of the total combined base aggregate. All the sand shall
pass a No. 4 mesh sieve and not more than 5% by weight shall pass a No. 200
mesh sieve.
CONSTRUCTION METHODS
To protect the underlying course and to ensure proper drainage, the spreading of
the base shall begin along the centerline of the pavement on a crowned section or
on the high side of the pavement with a one-way slope.
dispersion of the moisture is complete. The machine shall move at a uniform rate
of speed and this speed shall be regulated to fix the mixing time. If a windrow-
type of travel plant is employed for mixing, the aggregate shall be placed in
windrows parallel to the pavement centerline.
The windrow volume shall be sufficient to cover exact areas as planned. The
windrow contents shall produce a mixture of the required gradation and bonding
qualities. If a travel plant is used which is of the type that mixes previously
spread aggregates in-place, the material shall have been spread in such thickness
and proportions as may be handled by the machine to develop a base course of
the thickness of each layer and of the gradation required. With either type of
equipment, the mixed material shall be at a satisfactory moisture content to
obtain the maximum density.
208-3.4 PLACING.
When more than one layer is required, the construction procedure described
herein shall apply similarly to each layer.
During the mixing and spreading process, sufficient caution shall be exercised to
prevent the incorporation of subgrade, subbase, or shoulder material in the base
course mixture.
The moisture content of the material during placing operations shall not be
below, nor more than 2 percentage points above, the optimum moisture content as
determined by ASTM 3017.
Each lot shall be divided into two equal sublots. One test shall be made for each
sublot. Sampling locations will be determined by the Engineer on a random basis
in accordance with statistical procedures contained in ASTM D 3665.
Each lot will be accepted for density when the field density is at least 100 percent
of the maximum density of laboratory specimens prepared from samples of the
material delivered to the jobsite. The specimens shall be compacted and tested in
accordance with ASTM D 1557. The in-place field density shall be determined in
accordance with ASTM D 1556 or ASTM D 2167. If the specified density is not
attained, the entire lot shall be reworked and/or recompacted and two additional
random tests made. This procedure shall be followed until the specified density is
reached.
208-3.7 SURFACE TEST. After the course has been completely compacted, the
surface shall be tested for smoothness and accuracy of grade and crown. Any
portion lacking the required smoothness or failing in accuracy of grade or crown
shall be scarified, reshaped, recompacted, and otherwise manipulated as the
Engineer may direct until the required smoothness and accuracy are obtained.
The finished surface shall not vary more than 3/8 inch from a 16-foot straightedge
when applied to the surface parallel with, and at right angles to, the centerline.
Hauling equipment may be routed over completed portions of the base course,
provided no damage results and provided that such equipment is routed over the
full width of the base course to avoid rutting or uneven compaction. However, the
Engineer in charge shall have full and specific authority to stop all hauling over
completed or partially completed base course when, in his/her opinion, such
hauling is causing damage. Any damage resulting to the base course from
routing equipment over the base course shall be repaired by the Contractor at
his/her own expense.
moisture content of the full depth of base is less than 80% of the optimum
moisture of the base mixture. The drying shall not continue to the extent that the
surface of the base becomes dusty with consequent loss of binder. If during the
curing period the surface of the base dries too fast, it shall be kept moist by
sprinkling until such time as the prime coat is applied as directed.
The Contractor shall remove all survey and grade hubs from the base courses
prior to placing any bituminous surface course.
METHOD OF MEASUREMENT
BASIS OF PAYMENT
TESTING REQUIREMENTS
ASTM D 4318 Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index of Soils
The quantity of uncrushed or crushed aggregate base course to be paid for shall be the number of
cubic yards of base course material placed, bonded, and accepted in the completed base course.
The quantity of base course material shall be measured in final position based upon depth test, or
cores taken as directed by the Engineer, or at the rate of 1 depth test for each 300 square yards of
base course, or by means of average end areas on the complete work computed from elevations
to the nearest 0.01 foot. On individual depth measurements, thicknesses more than 1/2 inch in
excess of that shown on the plans shall be considered as specified thickness plus 1/2 inch in
computing the yardage for payment. Base materials shall not be included in any other
excavation quantities.
Payment shall be made at the contract unit price per cubic yard for aggregate base course of the
type noted in the bid schedule. This price shall be full compensation for furnishing all materials
and for all operations, hauling, and placing of these materials, and for all labor, equipment, tools,
and incidentals necessary to complete the item.
No separate payment will be made for constructing the item under construction sequencing
restrictions, including limited access or nighttime work areas.
Item 28.1 [Crushed][Uncrushed] Aggregate Base Course – P-208...... per cubic yard
END OF SECTION 28