Transfusion Medicine 1

TRANSFUSION MEDICINE 1 – DOC PADILLA LECTURE NOTES
TRANSFUSION MEDICINE Acute febrile illness 3 weeks after recovery

- Blood banking o For self-limiting only
- Selection and utilization of blood components o If bacterial – start
- Removal of blood and its components counting after last
o Remove through component separation dose of antibiotic
Involves the ff process: Previous donation/miscarriage 3 months
- Blood collection Major/minor operation, Dental 12 months
- Blood preservation surgery, Blood transfusion o Make a leeway for the
- Pre-transfusion testing infection
- Transfusion reactions Skin piercing, tattoo, ear holing, 1 year
In the hospital needle puncture
- Blood transfusion committee Exposure (sexual partners, fam
o Section of blood bank w/ HIV/hepB/HepA)
▪ In-charge of the safety of blood units Skin lesions (veni site) deferred until healed
DONOR SELECTION Malaria 3 years after cessation of
(BASIC QUALIFICATIONS of potential blood donors) symptoms or treatment
REGISTRATION INFO AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Tuberculosis 2 yrs after recovery
- DONOR’S FULL NAME, ADDTL ID, RACE, OCCUPATION Tetanus, toxoplasma, 6 mos after recovery
o Additional: birth mark, tattoo encephalitis, septicemia
o Tattoo: 1 year deferred Alcohol intake 12 hours after last intake
- ADDRESS AND PHONE NUMBER
Dengue fever 1 month after recovery w/o
- GENDER
transfusion
o Females: have regular menses
Rubella (german measles) 6 weeks after recovery
▪ 1 week after menses – OK for donation
- DOB AND AGE (16-60 YO)
VACCINES
o 16-17 – needs parental consent
o 61 above – depends on the physicians discretion KILLED VACCINES AND TOXINS may donate anytime if w/o post
▪ 61-65 – if galloners – still qualified (hep B, DPT, IPV, Cholera, vaccination symptoms
Typhoid, typhus, influenza)
• If 1st time – not allowed
- DATE OF DONATION Live attenuated vaccines
o Interval: 3 months (RBCs lifespan) Mumps, Measles, ORAL POLIO, 2 weeks
- DONOR’S CONSENT = OBTAINED BEFORE DONATION YELLOW FEVER, BCG
o Located at the end of the form – check if there is German measles 1month
signature Rabies 1 yr
- TIME OF LAST MEAL – donors should eat breakfast or they
should eat (not fatty foods) Medications
WHEN DONOR GOES TO THE BLOOD CENTER: Antibiotics 3 weeks
- They will fill-up a form - Follow acute febrile illness
- Disclosing sexual and medical history Anti-TB 2 years after recovery or
DAVAO: 2 BLOOD DONATION SITES (PRC and DBC) treatment
DAVAO REGION: 4 CENTERS Aspirin/anti-hypertension may donate anytime
- PRC - But not for platelet
- DBC preparation
- DRMC - Anti-htn – can donate for
- PEEDO as long as controlled
BASIC QUALIFICATIONS Oral contraceptive Donate anytime
- GOOD HEALTH Anti-acne 2 months after treatment
- Sleep: at least 6 hours Bronchodilators Anytime
- Weight: ≥ 50kg 450 mL (40kg- 250mL) - Ask if persistent asthma →
o Less than 50 – not allowed in mass donations may not allowed to
▪ Lack of 250mL blood bag donate
- PR: 50-100 bpm Anti-convulsant NEVER
o Athletes – has BP lower than 50 - May have history of
o Up to physician if they will allow epilepsy
o >100 bpm – not allowed Analgesics, vitamins, anti- donate anytime
- BP: systolic: 90-160 mmHg; diastolic: 60-100 mmHg histamines
o > than the allowed – can donate; but needs to Insulin NEVER
consult physician d/t uncontrolled BP Antifungal Oral - 5 days after last dose
- HGB: 125 g/L (F); 135 g/L (M) Topical - donate anytime
o Copper sulphate – used in blood donations SPECIAL CASES:
o If the blood stays on top – low Hgb – disq - Hypertensive – allowed provided under control
o If blood goes down – accepted - Donors w/ hazardous profession – may donate
TEMPORARY DEFERMENT: o Refrain for work 24 hours after donation
SITUATION MONTHS/YEARS
PREGNANT WOMEN 9 mo after childbirth
3 mo after weaning
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PERMANENT DEFERMENT - Apply pressure dressing
- CANCER PATIENTS - Follow up
- USE OF PROHIBITED DRUGS - d/t Arterial puncture
o Encourage full disclosure from patient
- CARDIAC PROBLEMS BLOOD TESTING
- SEVER LUNG DISEASES DETERMINE ABO AND RH TYPE:
- LIVER DISEASES FORWARD TYPING – examines donor RBCs
- ↑ RISK OCCUPATION - Anti-A and anti-B
- AUTOIMMUNE DSE - ANTI-A REAGENT – placed in blue container (BLUE Angel)
- PSYCHIATRIC PX - ANTI-B – placed in yellow container (YELLOW Bird)
- STD
- PROLONGED BLEEDING
- UNEXPLAINED WEIGHT LOSS (>5KG in 6 mos)
- CHRONIC ALCOHOLISM
- INMATES
PHLEBOTOMY
- Donor placed in supine position
- PROPER ID of blood bag, sample tubes and donor record
o Serial number as ID
o Blood type, Rh group
- Aseptic technique
- Blood removed through closed container system
- Mixing of blood and anticoagulant done during the procedure
- GAUGE: 18
- Venipuncture duration: 7-10 min
- Clamp tube near the needle; remove needle
- Tube is sealed for future usage
- Countercheck labels REVERSE TYPING – examines donor serum
- Blood collected is stored at 1-6C - Known A and B cells
o Platelet production – store at RT
▪ Platelet separation must be done w/in 8
hour after collection
o Blood volume: spring balance
▪ 450 mL – 570gm
▪ 250 mL – 370gm
DONOR REACTIONS
- Secondary to vasovagal reaction and hypovolemia
- Vasovagal reaction:↓ PR
- Hypovolemia: did not eat, may have ↑ PR
Common donor reaction:
- Lightheadedness
- Weakness RH TYPING
- Tingling sensation - Examines Red cells
- Palpitation - Anti-D reagent – gray or colorless container
What to do: - Same with forward typing
- Reassuring conversation - NEGATIVE RH
- Elevate donor’s feet o Test w/ AHG for DU variants
- Apply cold/wet towels to neck and forehead o w/ coagulation – consider as Rh (+) Du variant
- Provide sweets DISEASES:
- Breathe into the paper bag – for anxious patients ANTI- HIV1 AND 2 – EIA, PA, IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHY
Fainting spells – discontinue blood donation HBsAg – EIA, immunochromatography
- Elevate donor’s feet Anti-HCV – EIA, PA, IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHY
- Administer glucose Syphilis – RPR card test, VDRL slide test, EIA,
Convulsion Malaria – BSMP, immunochromatography
- Discontinue donation - needs to have proficient MT
- Elevate feet POSTIVE RESULTS
- Restrain extremities - quarantine
- Maintain airway - must be tested TWICE
Hematoma - call the donor
- Elevate arm and apply compression - if positive 2x – proceed to SL- SACCL for further testing
- Cold compression thereafter (CONFIRMATORY)
- Reassurance
- May be caused by fragile veins; improper technique
Jet-like pulsating bleeding w/ bright red blood
- Discontinue immediately
- Apply firm pressure – 10 mins
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© AMG 2021
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© AMG 2021

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TRANSFUSION MEDICINE 1 – DOC PADILLA LECTURE NOTES

TRANSFUSION MEDICINE Acute febrile illness 3 weeks after recovery

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