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Use of Capital Letters and Number Formats: Capitalization Rules

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Use of Capital letters and Number formats

Capitalization Rules

Capitalization is the use of an uppercase letter for the first letter of a word and lowercase for the remaining
letters. The general rules of use are as under:

 A sentence always begins with a capital letter


 Capital letters are used for headings in reports, articles, newsletters, and other documents
 Capital letters are used for titles of books, magazines, and movies
 Capitalize the first word, and all other important words in a heading or title (conjunctions and
prepositions are normally not capitalized). Example: The Lion and the Mouse
 Proper nouns must always be capitalized. Examples: Dr. Prasad is my physician. I love South Indian
food.
 Capitalize the name of months, days, cities, states, and countries. Examples: January, Monday, New
Delhi, India, Maharashtra.
 Some abbreviations use capital letters. Examples: NDTV, ATM, HTML
 Capitalize titles that come before personal names. Examples: Ms., Dr., Officer-in- Charge, Col.
 Capitalize abbreviations for academic degrees and other professional designations that follow
names. Examples: M. Radhakrishnan, PhD.
 Do not capitalize seasons. Examples: winter, spring, summer

Writing Numbers

There are rules for expressing numbers as figures or words. General guidelines for writing numbers
include:

 Numbers one through nine should be spelled out with words. Numerals should be used for the
number ten and anything greater. Examples: One clerk and three workers were needed to form a
team. The teacher placed an order for 35 notebooks.
 Use words for numbers that are indefinite or approximate. Examples: About fifty people offered to
donate blood. There were approximately ten thousand new cases of H1NI last year.
 When a number begins a sentence, it should be spelled out. Example: Thirty copies of the report
should be made.
 When two numbers come together in a sentence, use words for one of the numbers. Example:
There are 9 thirty-year-old people in my team.
 Use words to express fractions. A hyphen comes between each word. Example: The owner offered
one-half of the sales proceeds for the day to his employees.
 When expressing time, use numerals followed by a.m. and p.m. designations. Always spell out the
number that appears before the term “o’clock”. A colon is used between numerals expressing hours
and minutes, but is omitted when using the 24-hour system. Examples: 2:30 p.m.; eight o’clock; 16:00
hrs.; 1345
 Use numerals for days and years in dates. Do not write “th”, “nd”, “rd”, or “st” after a number.
Examples: I started my journey on March 24, 2017. I quit my job on January 2, 2017.

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