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    The 13 Disability Categories Under IDEA

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    Jhun Mar T. Bello
    The document summarizes the 13 disability categories covered under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). It explains that to qualify for special education services under IDEA, a child's school performance must be adversely affected by a disability in one of the 13 categories. It provides examples of common disabilities that fall under each category, such as dyslexia under specific learning disability, ADHD under other health impairment, and cerebral palsy under orthopedic impairment. It concludes by noting that when a child qualifies, the next step is to create an individualized education program to meet their needs.

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    The 13 Disability Categories Under IDEA

    Uploaded by

    Jhun Mar T. Bello
    227 views3 pages
    The document summarizes the 13 disability categories covered under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). It explains that to qualify for special education services under IDEA, a child's school performance must be adversely affected by a disability in one of the 13 categories. It provides examples of common disabilities that fall under each category, such as dyslexia under specific learning disability, ADHD under other health impairment, and cerebral palsy under orthopedic impairment. It concludes by noting that when a child qualifies, the next step is to create an individualized education program to meet their needs.

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    SPECIAL EDUCATION

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    The document summarizes the 13 disability categories covered under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). It explains that to qualify for special education services under IDEA, a child's school performance must be adversely affected by a disability in one of the 13 categories. It provides examples of common disabilities that fall under each category, such as dyslexia under specific learning disability, ADHD under other health impairment, and cerebral palsy under orthopedic impairment. It concludes by noting that when a child qualifies, the next step is to create an individualized education program to meet their needs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    227 views3 pages

    The 13 Disability Categories Under IDEA

    Uploaded by

    Jhun Mar T. Bello
    The document summarizes the 13 disability categories covered under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). It explains that to qualify for special education services under IDEA, a child's school performance must be adversely affected by a disability in one of the 13 categories. It provides examples of common disabilities that fall under each category, such as dyslexia under specific learning disability, ADHD under other health impairment, and cerebral palsy under orthopedic impairment. It concludes by noting that when a child qualifies, the next step is to create an individualized education program to meet their needs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    The 13 Disability Categories Under IDEA

    By Andrew M.I. Lee, JD

    At a Glance

    - The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) requires public schools to provide
    special education services to eligible students.

    - IDEA covers 13 disability categories.

    - Not every student who struggles in school qualifies.

    The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) requires public schools to provide special
    education and related services to eligible students. But not every child who struggles in school
    qualifies. To be covered, a child’s school performance must be “adversely affected” by a disability in
    one of the 13 categories below.

    1. Specific learning disability (SLD)

    The umbrella term “SLD” covers a specific group of learning challenges. These conditions affect a
    child’s ability to read, write, listen, speak, reason, or do math. Here’s what could fall in this
    category:

    Dyslexia

    Dysgraphia

    Dyscalculia

    Auditory processing disorder

    Nonverbal learning disability

    SLD is the most common category under IDEA. In 2018, 34 percent of students who qualified did so
    under this category.

    2. Other health impairment

    The umbrella term “other health impairment” covers conditions that limit a child’s strength,
    energy, or alertness. One example is ADHD, which impacts attention and executive function.

    3. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

    ASD is a developmental disability. It covers a wide range of symptoms, but it mainly affects a child’s
    social and communication skills. It can also impact behavior.

    4. Emotional disturbance

    Various mental health issues can fall under the “emotional disturbance” category. They may
    include anxiety disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder,
    and depression. (Some of these may also be covered under “other health impairment.”)
    5. Speech or language impairment

    This category covers difficulties with speech or language. A common example is stuttering. Other
    examples are trouble pronouncing words or making sounds with the voice. It also covers language
    problems that make it hard for kids to understand words or express themselves.

    6. Visual impairment, including blindness

    A child who has eyesight problems is considered to have a visual impairment. This category
    includes both partial sight and blindness. If eyewear can correct a vision problem, then it doesn’t
    qualify.

    7. Deafness

    Kids with a diagnosis of deafness fall under this category. These are kids who can’t hear most or all
    sounds, even with a hearing aid.

    8. Hearing impairment

    The term “hearing impairment” refers to a hearing loss not covered by the definition of deafness.
    This type of loss can change over time. Being hard of hearing is not the same thing as having
    trouble with auditory or language processing.

    9. Deaf-blindness

    Kids with a diagnosis of deaf-blindness have both severe hearing and vision loss. Their
    communication and other needs are so unique that programs for just the deaf or blind can’t meet
    them.

    10. Orthopedic impairment

    An orthopedic impairment is when kids lack function or ability in their bodies. An example is
    cerebral palsy.

    11. Intellectual disability

    Kids with this type of disability have below-average intellectual ability. They may also have poor
    communication, self-care, and social skills. Down syndrome is one example of an intellectual
    disability.

    12. Traumatic brain injury

    This is a brain injury caused by an accident or some kind of physical force.

    13. Multiple disabilities

    A child with multiple disabilities has more than one condition covered by IDEA. Having multiple
    issues creates educational needs that can’t be met in a program designed for any one disability.
    Learn how to find out if a child is eligible for special education. When kids are found eligible, the
    next step will be to create an Individualized Education Program (IEP). For kids who are in
    preschool or younger, you may want to learn about early intervention.

    Key Takeaways

     Each of the 13 disability categories in IDEA can cover a range of difficulties.


     Dyslexia, dysgraphia, and dyscalculia fall under the “specific learning disability” category.
     “Other health impairment” can cover ADHD.

    About the Author

    Andrew M.I. Lee, JD


    is an editor and former attorney who strives to help people understand complex legal, education,
    and parenting issues.

    Reviewed by

    Rayma Griffin, MEd


    has spent 40 years working with children with learning and thinking differences in the classroom
    and as an administrator.

    https://www.understood.org/en/school-learning/special-services/special-education-basics/conditions-covered-
    under-idea

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