Dhurba Pokhrel (075MSTrE003)

Assignment 6

(Design of Transportation Facilities - Railway Engineering)

Problem 1. Find the steepest gradient on a 2° curve for a MG line with a ruling gradient of 1 in 200.

Solution:

R= MG(Meter Gauge) i.e. Gauge(G)= 1058mm

Compensation for 2° curve= 0.03*2 =0.06%

ruling gradient is 1 in 200 = 0.5%

now, allowable gradient to be provided = 0.5 -0.06 =0.44 = 1 in 227.27

we have gradient ranges

For rails in Plains, 1 in 150 to 1 in 200

And for rails in Hilly Regions, 1 in 100 to 1 in 150

So, the steepest gradient might be 1 in 150 if rails is in plains and 1 in 100 if rails is in hilly regions.

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Problem 2. Find out the super elevation to be provided and the maximum permissible speed for 2 0
BG transition curve on a high speed route having a maximum sanctioned speed of the section as
100 km/hr. For calculating the equilibrium super elevation the speed given as 75 km/hr and the
booked speed for goods traffic is 50 km/hr.

Solution:

Given,

BG(Broad Gauge) i.e. Gauge(G)=width of gauge+ width of rail head = 1676+74 = 1750mm

D=20

vm=100 km/hr

ve=75 km/hr

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vg=50 km/hr

Now, we know

R=1750/D=1750/2=875m

Maximum superelevation(em)=Gvm2/127R = (1750*1002)/(127*875) =157.48mm

Equilibrium superelevation (ee)=Gve2/127R = (1750*752)/(127*875) =88.58mm

Then, cant deficiency (cd) =em-ee=157.48-88.58 =68.9 75mm (ok)

Superelevation for goods train(eg)= Gvg2/127R = (1750*502)/(127*875) =39.37mm

Cant excess(ce)=88.58-39.37=49.21mm

Now, actual cant provided (ca)=ce+eg = 49.21 + 39.37 =88.58mm 90mm

Maximum permissible speed (Vp) = 0.27√( ) =0.27√( ) =100.6768kmph

Therefore, the super elevation to be provided is 90mm and the maximum permissible speed is
100.6768kmph.

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Problem 3. On a MG route involving high speed, A 100 m transition curve has been provided and a
super elevation of 80 mm has been managed. The degree of curve is 1 0 and the maximum
sanctioned speed for the curved section is 170 km/hr. Determine maximum permissible speed on
the curve. (Hints: Assume Cant deficiency suitably)

Solution:

Given,

MG(Meter Gauge) i.e. Gauge(G)= 1058mm

D=10

vm=170 km/hr

transition curve length=100m

superelevation provided(ep)=80mm

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Now

R=1750/D=1750/1=1750m

Maximum superelevation(em)=Gvm2/127R = (1058*1702)/(127*1750) =137.57mm

We have, formula of desirable length of transition curve,

L=cavm/125

Or, 100 = ca*170/125

Or, ca=73.529mm

Then, cant difficiency (cd)=em-ep = 137.57 – 80 =57.57 75mm (ok)

Or assume cd=75mm

Next

We know,

V=0.347√( )

=0.347*√( )

= 0.347*478.98

=166.206kmph

Therefore, the maximum permissible speed on the curve is 166kmph.

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Problem 4. What would be the on a curved MG track with a 7° curve for an average speed of 50
km/h? Also calculate the maximum permissible speed after allowing a maximum cant deficiency
of 5 cm. The formula given by the Railway Board is 𝑉=4.35√( −67)

Solution:

Given,

MG(Meter Gauge) i.e. Gauge(G)= 1058mm

D=70

vavg or ve = 50 km/hr

maximum cant deficiency(cd)=5cm = 50mm

we know,

R=1750/D = 1750/7 = 250m

Now,

V = 4.35*√

V = 4.35*√

= 4.35 * 13.5277

= 58.8457kmph

Equilibrium super elevation (ee ) = Gve2/127R = (1058*502)/ (127*250) =83.307mm

Therefore, the equilibrium cant is 83.307mm and the maximum permissible speed is
58.8457kmph.

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Problem 5. Find out the length of transition curve for a four degree BG circular curved track having
a cant of 15 cm. The maximum permissible speed on the curve is 90 km/hr. Find out the shift and
offset at every 15 m interval of the curve. Draw the transition curve also. (Hint: Assume Cant
deficiency suitably; Sℎ𝑖ft = 𝐿2/24 ; Offset (𝑌) = 𝑥3/64𝐿R )

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Solution:

Given,

BG(Meter Gauge) i.e. Gauge(G)= 1750mm

D=40

e= 15cm = 150mm

vmax = 90kmph

we know,

R=1750/D = 1750/4 = 437.5m

Cant deficiency (cd) =75mm (assumed)

Length of the transition curve,

a) L = 7.2e = 7.2 * 150 = 108m

Here, the length of curve will be t greatest o f three values i.e. 108m

Shift= 𝐿2/24 =1082/(24*437.5) = 1.11m

Next, for the offset at every 15m interval is calculated by the cubic parabola equation as follows,

At 15m,

Offset1 (𝑌1) = X3/6𝐿R = 153/(6*108*437.5)=0.0119m=1.19cm

Similarly, at 30m

Offset2 (𝑌2) = X3/6𝐿R = 303/(6*108*437.5)=0.095238m=9.5238cm

At 45m,

Offset3 (𝑌3) = X3/6𝐿R = 153/(6*108*437.5)=0.3214m=32.14cm

……………………………………………………………………………………….. and so on.

L= 108 m
R= 437.5 m

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 X(m) Y(m) Y(cm) remarks
15 0.011905 1.190476 Y1
30 0.095238 9.52381 Y2
45 0.321429 32.14286 Y3
60 0.761905 76.19048 Y4
75 1.488095 148.8095 Y5
90 2.571429 257.1429 Y6
105 4.083333 408.3333 Y7
108 4.443429 444.3429 Y8

Transition Curve
5
4.5
4
3.5
3
Y (m)

2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
X (m)

Fig. Transition Curve

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Problem 6. If a 6o curve track branches off from a main track in an opposite direction in the layout
of a BG yard, Calculate Super elevation and maximum permissible speed on branch line if the
maximum speed on the main line is restricted to 45 km/hr.

Solution:

Given,

BG(Meter Gauge) i.e. Gauge(G)= 1750mm

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D=60

vmax main = 45kmph

e= ?

vmax branch = ?

we know,

R=1750/D = 1750/6 = 291.67mm

Main track superelevation(em)=Gvm2/127R = (1750*452)/(127*291.67) =95.67mm

Also, em=x+cd

Or, x=em-cd [cd=75mm assumed]

Or, x=95.67-75 = 20.67 mm

So, superelevation for main rail is 20.67mm

And superelevation for branch rail provided is -20.67mm

So, eb=x+cd [eb is equilibrium super elevation for branch line]

or, eb = -20.67 + 75 =54.33mm

now,

let the branch curve as well be of 60

then, R=1750/6=291.67mm

and

eb= Gvb2/127R

or, vb = √

or, vb = √ [G=1750 for BG rail]

or, vb=33.911kmph <45kmph(main rail speed)

Therefore, the super elevation and maximum permissible speed on branch line are -20.67 mm and
33.911kmph respectively.

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Problem 7. A rising gradient of 1 in 150 m meets a falling gradient of 1 in 250. The intersection
point has a chainage of 1000m and its RL is 100 m Calculate Length of vertical curve, RL of start of
vertical curve, RL of end of vertical curve. (Hint: Length of Vertical Curve=((𝑔1−𝑔2)× )/100)

Solution:

Given,

First gradient (g1) =+ 1/150=+ 0.0067=+0.67%

Second gradient (g2) =- 1/250= -0.004=-0.4%

Difference in gradient (g1-g2)=+0.67%-(-0.4%) = 1.07%

Now Length of Vertical Curve,

Length of Vertical Curve = ((𝑔1−𝑔2)× )/100

= 1.07*4000/100 [R=4000m for Group A route]

=42.8m

Then,

Chainage of beginning point A=1000-(42.8/2) = 978.6m

Chainage of ending point B=1000+(42.8/2) = 1021.4m

Next,

RL of beginning point A=100-.0067*(42.8/2) = 99.857m

RL of ending point B=100-.004*(42.8/2) = 99.9144m

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