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  • EE359 - Lecture 10 Outline: Announcements

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    Hussain Naushad
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    This document outlines the key topics covered in Lecture 10 of EE359 including: 1) Probability of error, outage probability, and average error probability in fading channels. 2) The combined effect of average error and outage probability. 3) How Doppler spread and intersymbol interference impact error probability and create error floors. 4) An alternate representation of the Q-function that simplifies calculations of error probability in fading channels.

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    Lecture 10

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    This document outlines the key topics covered in Lecture 10 of EE359 including: 1) Probability of error, outage probability, and average error probability in fading channels. 2) The combined effect of average error and outage probability. 3) How Doppler spread and intersymbol interference impact error probability and create error floors. 4) An alternate representation of the Q-function that simplifies calculations of error probability in fading channels.

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    36 views10 pages

    EE359 - Lecture 10 Outline: Announcements

    Uploaded by

    Hussain Naushad
    This document outlines the key topics covered in Lecture 10 of EE359 including: 1) Probability of error, outage probability, and average error probability in fading channels. 2) The combined effect of average error and outage probability. 3) How Doppler spread and intersymbol interference impact error probability and create error floors. 4) An alternate representation of the Q-function that simplifies calculations of error probability in fading channels.

    Copyright:

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 10

    EE359 – Lecture 10 Outline

     Announcements:
     Project proposals due Friday (post; email link)
     Midterm will be Nov. 4, 8:45-10:45am. Rm TBD.
     Probability of error in fading
     Outage probability
     Average Ps (Pb)
     Combined average and outage Ps
     Ps due to Doppler and ISI
    Review of Last Lecture
     Capacity of ISI Channels
     Modulation Tradeoffs
     Amplitude/Phase Modulation
     Constellations, Differential Modulation, bit mappings
     Error Probability for Amp/Phase Modulation


    Ps   M Q  M  s 
     Traditional Q function representation
     1  x2 / 2
    Q ( z )  p( x  z )   e dx, x ~ N (0,1)
    z
    2
     Infinite integrand with argument in integral limits
    Alternate Q Function
    Representation
     New representation (Craig’93)
    1  / 2  z 2 /(sin 2  )
    Q( z)   e d
     0
     Leads to closed form solution for Ps in PSK
     Very useful in fading and diversity analysis
    Linear Modulation in Fading

     In fading s and therefore Ps random


     Performance metrics:
     Outage probability: p(Ps>Ptarget)=p(<target)
     Average Ps , Ps:

    Ps  P
    0
    s ( ) p ( ) d 

     Combined outage and average Ps


    Outage Probability
    Ts
    Ps Outage
    Ps(target)

    t or d

     Probability that Ps is above target


     Equivalently, probability s below target
     Used when Tc>>Ts
    Average Ps
    Ps   Ps ( s ) p( s )d s
    Ts
    Ps
    Ps
    t or d
     Expected value of random variable Ps
     Used when Tc~Ts
     Error probability much higher than in AWGN alone
    1  /2

    
     z 2 /(sin 2  )
     Alternate Q function approach: Q ( z )  e d
    0
     Simplifies calculations (Get a Laplace Xfm)
    Combined outage and average Ps
    Ps(s) Outage
    Ps(s)
    Pstarget

    Ps(s)
     Used in combined shadowing and flat-fading
     Ps varies slowly, locally determined by flat fading
     Declare outage when Ps above target value
    Doppler Effects

     High doppler causes channel phase to


    decorrelate between symbols

     Leads to an irreducible error floor for


    differential modulation
     Increasing power does not reduce error

     Error floor depends on BdTs


    ISI Effects
     Delay spread exceeding a symbol time
    causes ISI (self interference).
    1 2 3 4 5

    0 Ts Tm

     ISI leads to irreducible error floor


     Increasing signal power increases ISI power

     ISI requires that Ts>>Tm (Rs<<Bc)


    Main Points
     In fading Ps is a random variable, characterized by
    average value, outage, or combined outage/average
     Outage probability based on target SNR in AWGN.
     Fading greatly increases average Ps .
     Alternate Q function approach simplifies Ps calculation,
    especially its average value in fading (Laplace Xfm).
     Doppler spread only impacts differential modulation
    causing an irreducible error floor at low data rates
     Delay spread causes irreducible error floor or
    imposes rate limits
     Need to combat flat and frequency-selective fading
     Focus of the remainder of the course

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