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Week-4a (Architecture)

The document discusses control system architecture in industrial automation. It describes the principle that the structure of the control system should mirror the structure of the plant it controls. An ideal architecture has each plant unit controlled by its own controller, interacting with related unit controllers. The document provides examples of control system architectures, including a centralized hierarchical structure and a decentralized structure that allows peer-to-peer communication between controllers.

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sajjad yousuf
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© © All Rights Reserved
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64 views

Week-4a (Architecture)

The document discusses control system architecture in industrial automation. It describes the principle that the structure of the control system should mirror the structure of the plant it controls. An ideal architecture has each plant unit controlled by its own controller, interacting with related unit controllers. The document provides examples of control system architectures, including a centralized hierarchical structure and a decentralized structure that allows peer-to-peer communication between controllers.

Uploaded by

sajjad yousuf
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Industrial Automation

Automation Industrielle
Industrielle Automation

1.5 Control System Architecture


Arquitectura de control
Architecture de Contrôle - Commande
Leittechnik-Architektur
1.5 Control System Architecture

1 Introduction
1.1 Automation and its importance
1.2 Applications of automation
1.3 Plants and controls
1.3.1 Open loop and closed loop control
1.3.2 Continuous process
1.3.3 Discrete process
1.3.3 Dual plants
1.4 Automation hierarchy
1.5 Control System Architecture

Industrial Automation Control system hierarchy 1.5 - 2


Principle

The control system is a communication system consisting of


controllers and links.

The structure of the control system should reflect the


structure of the plant

Ideally, each unit of the plant should have its own controller,
interacting with the controllers of the other, related units,
mirroring their physical interaction.

Example: Airbus: a wing is delivered with its own computers.

Industrial Automation Control system hierarchy 1.5 - 3


System Architecture

Conceptual model presenting


• Structure
• Relationships
• Behavior

Including
• Description of most important elements of system
• Mapping of functionality onto hardware and software components
• Description of top-level human interaction with components

Goal:
• support reasoning about elements, structure and behavior
• guide for implementation

Industrial Automation Control system hierarchy 1.5 - 4


Buses and processors in industrial plants

instrument bus
(mimic board)
open network, WAN
Operator panel
disk Mimic board
Process pictures

Process Data Base workstation bus

Logging station station

plant network (500m .. 3 km) – includes control network

processor pool P P P C P P C P
PLC nodes
node bus
(multi-processors)
I/O MEM I/O MEM BC
fieldbus (30m..2 km)

directly coupled control backplane bus


input/ stations
output
sensor bus sensor bus (0,5.. 30 m)

transducers

M plant (Werk, usine)


valve thermo-couple position motor

Industrial Automation Control system hierarchy 1.5 - 5


Example: Production management system

production
planning
enterprise network

scheduling maintenance quality control

plant network

transportation cell manufacturing


cell control cell control

floor network
robot milling
controller machine

rail-guided
vehicle

Industrial Automation Control system hierarchy 1.5 - 6


Centralized (Hierarchical) Control Architecture

Central Computer
(Mainframe)

Group Group Group


PLCs
Control Control Control

Sensors, Actors plant

Classical, hierarchical, centralized architecture.


The central computer only monitors and forwards commands to the PLCs

Industrial Automation Control system hierarchy 1.5 - 7


Decentralized Control System (DCS)

hierarchical
(vertical communication)

engineering operator
data logger
workstation workstation

peer-to-peer (horizontal communication)


plant bus

controller controller controller controller

field bus

plant

all controllers can communicate as peers/equally (without going through a central


master), restricted only by quantity and modularity considerations.

Industrial Automation Control system hierarchy 1.5 - 8

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