Unit Exam No.

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HIGHER SURVEYING “Set A”

CONTROL SURVEYS LESSON NUMBERS 20 THRU 27

1. Control surveying is referred to as the determination of the precise position of a number of

stations which are distributed over a large area. Control surveys are usually divided into
a) primary and secondary controls
b) triangulation and trilateration controls
c) high precision and low precision controls
d) horizontal and vertical controls
e) main and auxiliary controls
2. The establishment of a network of reference bench marks is the main objective of
a) primary control surveys d) high precision control surveys
b) vertical control surveys e) horizontal control surveys
c) auxiliary control surveys
3. A method of extending horizontal control for topographic and similar surveys which require
observations of triangular figures whose angles are measured and whose sides are determined
by trigonometric computations is termed
a) triangulation d) networking
b) trilateration e) topographic mapping
c) traversing
4. Trilateration consists of a series joined or overlapping triangles where
a) angles are measured and the sides are computed
b) all sides and angles are measured
c) only the angles are measured
d) all the angles and sides are measured
e) sides are measure and angles are computed
5. Station adjustment is sometimes referred to as local adjustments. Its objective is to make the
sum of the angles about each
a) base line equal to 360°
b) triangulation station equal to 180°
c) check base equal to (n-2) 180°
d) triangulation station equal to 360°
e) figure of the triangulation system equal to 180°
6. A type of triangulation system which is composed of a group of triangles having within it a
station which is at a vertex common to all the triangles is called a chain of
a) quadrilaterals d) pentagons
b) multiple triangles e) hexagons 1
c) polygons
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7. In any triangulation system the computation of sides will involve only two or three angles of
each triangle. In the length computations, the angles used are referred to as
a) opposite angles d) direction angles
b) alternate angles e) distance angles
c) length angles
8. Given in the accompanying sketch is a quadrilateral with an interior station and one diagonal.
The known side is AB.

Diagonal D
C

A B
Known Side Interior Station

If all stations were occupied and all lines observed in both directions, the value of the strength of
figure factor D is

a) 16 d) 12
b) 14 e) 15
c) 10

9. In item no. 8, the number of conditions to be satisfied in the figure is

a) 5 d) 8
b) 4 e) 7
c) 6

Solution:

D = 16 C = (n’ – s’ + 1) + (n – 2s + 3)

n’ = 9 C = (9 – 5 + 1) + [9 – 2(5) + 3]

s’ = 5 C=7

n=9

s=5

10. In item no. 8, the value of the strength of figure factor F is

a) 0.56 d) 0.67
b) 0.64 e) 0.65
c) 0.60 2
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 Solution:
D–C 16 – 7
F= = = 0.56
D 16

11. Given the triangulation figure shown below which has already been adjusted. The length of the
base line EF is 8,243.46 meters.
E

20° G

Base 45°
44°
line 72°

43°
71°

31° 34°
F
H

Using the route with EG as the common side, the length of GH is

a) 12,292.95 m d) 11,022.87 m
b) 5,527.95 m e) 4,134.07 m
c) 10,989.96 m

Solution:
EG EF 8,243.46(sin71°)
= sin45° ; EG =
sin71° (sin45°)

GH EG EG(sin20°)
= sin43° ; GH =
sin20° (sin43°)

8,243.46(sin71°)(sin20°)
GH = = 5,527.94 m
(sin45°)(sin43°)

12. In item no. 11, and still using EG as the common side in calculating the length of side GH, the
distance angles for triangle EGH are, respectively
a) 45° and 64° d) 20° and 43°
b) 64° and 71° e) 44° and 45°
c) 45° and 72°
13. In item no. 11, for the distance angles of triangle EFG (i.e., 45° and 71°) the value of [𝛥𝐴2 +
𝛥𝐴 𝛥𝐵 + 𝛥𝐵2 ] in units of 6th decimal place is
a) 4.93 d) 6.44
b) 6.49 e) 4.13
c) 5.92

Solution:

ΔA = 2.106 ΔB = 0.725

[ ΔA 2 + ΔA ΔB + ΔB 2 ] = [ (2.106)2 + (2.106)(0.725) + (0.725) 2 ] = 6.49 3

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 ANGLE SINE LOG SINE DIFF. FOR 1”
45°00’00” 0.7071067812 9.849485002 87.108 – 85.002
45°00’01” 0.7071102093 9.849487108 = 2.106
71°00’00” 0.9455185756 9.975670065 70.790 – 70.065
71°00’01” 0.9455201540 9.975670790 = 0.725

14. The angles of a quadrilateral (see accompanying sketch) after station adjustment are given in
the accompanying tabulation

ANGLE MEASURED VALUE

c
C
a 33°12’15”
b d b 62°40’35”
e
c 41°54’04”
f
d 42°1’33”
a
g e 45°30’39”
A
h
D f 50°22’20”
g 56°00’22”
h 28°05’25”

The adjusted values of angles a and c by employing only the angle equations are
a) 33°11’51.87” and 41°53’40.63”
b) 33°12’33.62” and 41°54’22.38”
c) 33°12’38.13” and 41°53’45.62”
d) 33°12’38.13” and 41°54’27.37”
e) 33°12’35.87” and 41°54’22.63”

Solution:

Triangle ABC = a + b + c + d

=33°12’15’’ + 62°40’35’’ + 41°54’04’’ + 42°11’33’’

=179°58’27’’

d1 = 180° - 179°58’27’’

= 1’33’’

Triangle BCD = c + d + e + f

=41°54’04’’ + 42°11’33’’ + 45°30’39’’ + 50°22’20’’

=179°58’36’’

d2 = 180° - 179°58’36’’
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= 1’24’’
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Triangle CDA = e + f + g + h

= 45°30’39’’ + 50°22’20’’ + 56°00’22’’ + 28°05’25’’

= 179°58’46’’

d3 = 180° - 179°58’46’’

= 1’14’’

Determining the values of the corrections

1 𝑑3 𝑑1
K= 4 (d2 - - )
2 2

1′14′′ 1′33′′
= ¼ (1’24’’ - - )
2 2

= 0.13’’
𝑑1 1′33′′
V1 = V2 = –K= – 0.13’’
4 4

= 23.12’’ (correction for angle a and b)

𝑑1 1′33′′
V3 = V4 = +K= + 0.13’’
4 4

= 23.38’’ (correction for angle c and d)

a’ = 33°12’15’’ + 23.12’’ = 33° 12’ 38.12’’

c’ = 41°54’04’’ + 23.38’’ = 41°54’27.38’’

15. In item no.14, the adjusted values of angles f and h by employing only the angle equations are
a) 50°22’01.38” and 28°05’06.62”
b) 50°22’38.38” and 28°05’43.38”
c) 50°22’38.62” and 28°05’43.38”
d) 50°22’01.38” and 28°05’48.13”
e) 50°22’43.13” and 28°05’48.13”

Solution:
1’14’’
V5 = V 6 = 4
+ 0.13’’

= 18.63’’ (correction for angle e and f)

d 1’14’’
V7 = V 8 = 4 - k = - 0.13’’
4

= 18.37’’ (correction for angle g and h)

f’ = 50° 22’ 20’’ + 18.63’’ = 50° 22’ 38.63’’

h’ = 28° 05’ 25’’ + 18.37’’ = 28° 05’ 43.37’’

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16. At an average elevation of 855.50 m the measured length of a base line is 13,326.85 m.
Assuming that the mean radius of the earth at the vicinity if the base line is 6,367,350 m, its
equivalent sea level length is
a) 63,664.945 m d) 14,325.850 m
b) 14,324.925 m e) 14,327.850 m
c) 19, 249.172 m

Solution:

Eaverage= 855.50 m

Lbline= 14,326.85 m

Assume: Mradius = 6,367,350 m

Equivalent sea level length=?

Fsl=(1-h/R) = (1-855.50m/6,367,350m) = 0.99986564 (computed sea level RF)

S= d(Fsl) = 143,268.85m(0.999865654) = 14,324.925m

17. It is desired to sight from Apayao Hill (elev=4135.63 m) to Ifugao Hill (elev=4153.92 m) 6.94 km
away. Benguet Hill (elev=4145.68 m), 3.92 km away, obstructs the line of sight. If towers of
identical heights are to be constructed at Apayao Hill and Ifugao Hill so that the line of sight will
clear the ground at Benguet Hill by 2.50 m, the towers should each be
a) 2.00 m high d) 3.50 m high
b) 2.99m high e) 4.00 m high
c) 2.50 m high

Solution:

d3 = d1 + d2 = 6.94km

H = H1 + (H2 - H1)(d1/d3) – 0.065 (d1d2)

H = (-4135.6) + (4153.92 - 4135.63)(3.92/6.97) – 0.065 (3.92x3.02)

H = 4145.1915m

DE = H – H3

DE = 4145.1915 – 4145.68 6
DE = 0.4885m
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H1 = H2 = H =C + DE

H1 = 2.50 + 0.4885

H1 = 2.99m

18. In item no. 17, if no tower is to be constructed at Ifugao Hill, the height of the tower to be
constructed on Apayao Hill so that the line of sight will clear the ground at Benguet Hill by 2.50
m should be
a) 5.32 m d) 5.74 m
b) 3.89 m e) 4.43 m
c) 6.97 m

Solution:

Assuming similarity of triangle formed.

H1/d2 = (c+DE)/d2

H1 = (d3/d2)(c + dE)

H1 = (6.94/3.02)(2.50 + 0.4885)

H1 = 6.87m

19. In item no. 17, if no tower is to constructed at Apayao Hill, the height of tower to be
constructed on Ifugao Hill so that the line of sight will also clear the ground at Benguet Hill by
2.50 m should be
a) 4.43 m d) 5.74 m
b) 6.89 m e) 5.29 m
c) 2.32 m

Solution:

Assuming similarity of triangle formed.

H2/d3 = c+de/d1

H2 = d3/d1 (c+de) = 6.94/3.92 (2.50+0.4885) = 5.29m

20. The interior angles in triangle XYZ are X=82°12’44”, Y=47°39’54”, and Z=50°07’34”. The distance
from X to Y is 12,383.42m. if the average radius of curvature of the earth is 6,372,160 m, the
spherical excess in the triangle is
a) 22.30 seconds d) 0.37 seconds
b) 0.37 minutes e) 1.14 seconds
c) 2.30 seconds
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 Solution:

R=6,372,160m
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎
e”= 𝑅2 𝑠𝑖𝑛01"

Determne length XZ using sine law

𝑥𝑦 𝑥𝑧 𝑥𝑦(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦)
= = xz=
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑧 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑧

12383.42sin(47°39′54")
= sin(50°07′3")

Area=1/2(xz)(xy)sin(x)

=1/2(12383.42)(1197.79)sin(82°12’44”)

=73172249.46
73172249.46
e”= 63721602 𝑠𝑖𝑛01"

= 0.37”

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