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Experiment 3 Compaction Test

The document describes an experiment to determine the workability of concrete using a compaction factor test. The test involves partially and fully compacting a concrete sample in a cylinder apparatus. The ratio of the partially to fully compacted weights gives the compaction factor. The sample's compaction factor of 0.94 indicates high workability, suitable for sections with congested reinforcement but not vibration.

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Anis Nurfarahanim Abdul Halim
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© © All Rights Reserved
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761 views

Experiment 3 Compaction Test

The document describes an experiment to determine the workability of concrete using a compaction factor test. The test involves partially and fully compacting a concrete sample in a cylinder apparatus. The ratio of the partially to fully compacted weights gives the compaction factor. The sample's compaction factor of 0.94 indicates high workability, suitable for sections with congested reinforcement but not vibration.

Uploaded by

Anis Nurfarahanim Abdul Halim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENT 3 : COMPACTION TEST

INTRODUCTION

Compaction factor testing is the laboratory-driven concrete workability test.

The compaction factor is the compact-to-compact concrete weight ratio. It was

developed by the United Kingdom Road Research Laboratory and is used to

determine concrete's workability. The weight of partially compacted concrete in

relation to its fully compacted state is a reasonably good indication of the workability

of concrete.

Compacting factor also is a useful tool for determining the workability of very

low-workability concrete mixes such as vibration-compacted ones normally used.

Concrete mix with maximum aggregate size not exceeding 38 mm can be tested with

compacting factor testing for workability. This sample scores in greater reliability and

accuracy relative to the concrete slump test.

The test is based on the principle that the workability of concrete is

reflected or indicated by its compaction by standard amount of work done on it,

by allow it to fall under gravity through a standard height.

THEORY

The compaction factor is defined as the ratio of the weight of partially

compacted concrete to the weight of fully compacted concrete. It shall normally to be

stated to the nearest second decimal place.

The compaction factor test has been found to have several limitations; it

has to be performed in specific conditions i.e. it is not suitable for field


application, it is not consistent and there is always a chance of the mix getting

stuck to the sides of the hoppers of the compaction factor apparatus.

The following table shows the consistency or degree of workability of concrete;

Degree of Compacting
Workability Factor Description
(mm)
Very dry mixes, used in road making. Road vibrated
Very low 0.78
by power operated machines.
Low workability mixes, used for foundations with
Low 0.85 light reinforcement. Roads vibrated by hand operated
machines.
Medium workability mixes, manually compacted flat
slabs using crushed aggregates. Normal reinforced
Medium 0.92
concrete manually compacted and heavily reinforced
sections with vibrations.
High workability concrete, for sections with
High 0.95 congested reinforcement. Not normally suitable for
vibration.

APPARATUS AND MATERIAL

 Tamping rod
 Scale / Balance
 Hand float
 Sampling tray
 Scoop
 Steel Trowel
 Brush
 Oil
 Wet Concrete Specimen
 Compacting Factor Apparatus
PROCEDURE

 The apparatus is cleaned and kept on the ground, and oil is applied to the inner

surfaces of the cylinder and the hoppers.

 The two trap doors of the hoppers are closed and the opening of the cylinder is

covered.

 The fresh concrete is placed into the upper hopper to the brim.

 The trap-door is opened to let the concrete falls into the lower hopper.

 The trap-door of the lower hopper is opened and the concrete is allowed to fall

into the cylinder.

 The excess concrete remaining above the top level of the cylinder is removed

with the help of plane blades and the outside of cylinder is cleaned.

 The concrete in the cylinder is then weighed and recorded as 𝑤𝑝 .

 The cylinder is then emptied and filled with the same concrete mix in 6 layers

and every layer is tamped 25 times with a tamping rod.

 The surface of the cylinder is leveled using the hand float, and the outside of

the cylinder is cleaned.

 The weight of the cylinder is measured again, this time getting the weight of

the fully compacted concrete, 𝑤𝑓 .

RESULT AND DATA CALCULATION

Weight of concrete partially compacted, (𝑤𝑝 ) = 13.40

Weight of concrete fully compacted, (𝑤𝑓 ) = 13.54

𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑


Compaction factor =
𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 𝐹𝑢𝑙𝑙𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑
13.12
=
13.96
=0.94
DISCUSSION
The compaction factor test measures workability of concrete that has a

compaction factor that ranges from 0.7 to 0.98. The range for normal concrete

compaction factor is 0.8 to 0.92.

Based on the experiment, the value of compaction value for our specimen is

0.94. The value of compaction factor is outside of the normal range. The concrete

specimen is in the high workability based on the table above.

CONCLUSION

The concrete mix we used from the compaction factor test has a compaction

factor of 0.94 which falls within the range of high concrete workability. Highly

workable concrete can lead to lower strength. Throughout the experiment, we have

noticed that the materials to which concrete is produced are important and should be

kept indoors to prevent the concrete mix being modified.

For sections with congested reinforcement, the type of concrete produced in

our experiment can be used. Unfit for vibration. The conclusion in our slump test for

the concrete is therefore high workability and low strength.

REFERENCES

 Mudavath, K., Mudavath, K., Mudavath, K., & Mudavath, K. (2018,

September 9). Compacting factor test of Concrete. Retrieved from

https://wecivilengineers.wordpress.com/2017/10/17/workability-test-of-

concrete/.

 Compacting Factor Test Lab Report. (n.d.). Retrieved from

https://www.stuvia.com/doc/363736/compacting-factor-test-lab-report.
APPENDICES

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