Art Appreciation (Module)

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Visual Arts 1
Course Module
Module 1-2 Introduction of Art
Welcome to the first module on the Visual Arts
It is believed that life is how you make it and that the quality of one’s life can
be developed, enriched and made productive through finer things in life is
limitless and that we only to exert time and effort for the arts to work for us.
At the end of this module you are expected to:
1) Define what Art is.
2) Identify the purposes of art.
3) Recognize and analyze the role of humanities in man’s life and the general
view of the arts
What is Art?
It refers to arts- visual arts such as architecture, painting, and sculpture;
music, dance, theater or drama and literature. They are branches of learning
concerned with human thoughts, feelings and relations and how they are
expressed.
Art is not, as the metaphysicians say, the manifestation of some mysterious
idea of beauty or God; it is not, as the aesthetical physiologists say, a game in
which man lets off his excess of stored up energy; it is not the expression of
man’s emotions by external signs; it is not the production of pleasing objects.
According to Wikipedia Art is the process or product of deliberately arranging
elements in a way that appeals to the sense or emotions. It encompasses a
diverse range of human activities, creations, and modes of expression including

music and literature.
Purposes of Art
Many philosophers have argued that art serves no function and that is
existing for its own sake. In fact, several Filipino artists like Jose Garcia Villa
shared in this belief. On the other hand, some have asserted that there is
something about the essence of art that transcends the human occupation
with usefulness. Others have held that there is the tendency to lose sight of
art’s beauty and wonderment if one analyzes it too closely.
It provides us with the opportunity to examine what it takes and what it
means to be human. It reminds us how inadequate it is to understand
ourselves as automous beings and subjects separate and independent from
all others.
It helps us recognize fundamental values and principles such as beauty, truth,
love, justice, and faith
It develops our capacity for critical thinking and appreciation for cultural
heritage as reflected in different Filipino works of art.
It fosters understanding across barriers of race, class, gender, or ethnicity.
The vision of an artist, a philosopher, or a historian is a special one that helps
us to better understand who we are and what sort of life might be a good life
to lead.
It helps us address the challenges we face together in our families, our
communities and our nation and it emphasizes the dignity and worthiness of
every human being.
Role of Humanities in Man’s Life
Humanities can regulate the type of behavior that is considered appropriate

to an individual thus the teaching of humanities is essential in order for one
to gain the knowledge to achieve the status of a cultured man. A cultured
man is perceived as one who is well versed in the arts, in philosophy and the
language. Humanities of our time or the humanistic education of our youth
must deal with the interface between social personhood and personal politics
so that humanities will make art a condition of possibility, like a sword and
plowshare, a spear and pruning hook. It is an active force as we pursue our
life goals.
General View of the Arts
Arts are defined by historical process. The aesthetic standards of art vary
from one culture to another since an ideal beauty is a construct created and
agreed upon people in society so much so that art activities grow out of a
social cultural order. There is no set of aesthetics principles which is good for
all people for all the times.
Art was derived from the Aryan root word “AR” which means to put together,
while still another, while still another origin of the word art came from Latin
“ars” which means ability or skill. Hence, when we try to create dance steps
to a given music or song we are trying to apply our skill and that when it
comes out beautifully because it has unity, balance, evolution, and hierarchy
then it has aesthetic value. A work of art is the product of the imagination of
the artist dependent on the following factors like the material/ medium,
subject, theme, values, influences period, belief inspiration, preparation and
other.
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References and Supplementary Materials
Books and Journals
1. Fernandez, Steven Patrick (2010) Making Theatre; The Craft of the Stage. Iligan City:
MSU – Iligan City: MSU Iligan Institute of Technology, Mindanao State University
2. Lucivila L. Marcos,Ph.D, Marilyn B. Ferianiza, Pedrito Jose V. Bermudo,Ph.D, Antonio
Jan Yango,Ph.D (2010) Introduction to the Humanities Visual and Performing Arts:
Mindshapers Co.,Inc.
3. Linda R. Bascara, Ph.D, Adela T. Avillanoza,M.A- Rex Bookstore Inc.
.Online Supplementary Reading Materials
1. http://www.saylor.org/courses/arth101b
2. http://www.sbctc.edu
3. https://courses.lumenlearning.com/sac-artappreciation/part/context-andperspectives/
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Course Module
Module 3 Living with Art
Welcome to the second module on the Visual Arts
Great artworks do not just happen by accident. They take planning, patience,
and knowledge in carefully selecting, combining or contrasting all the visual
elements that would carry the artist’s intended meaning.
1) Identify the Ten Reasons Why art is Indispensable
2) Enumerate the Types of Art

3) Identify the steps to begin an artwork.
The Importance of Art
10 Reasons Why Art is Indispensable
1) Art communicates feelings and emotions expressively and forcefully;
2) It connects people around the world
3) It stimulates our thoughts when recreating the message of the artist
4) It is a great tool for learning
5) It reminds us of people’s selfless actions and nationalism
6) It serves as a source of inspiration and aesthetic pleasure;
7) It makes the surrounding look better and complete
8) It commemorates certain occasions
9) It transforms us into highly cultured and respectable human beings and
10) It makes us human
TYPES OF ART
A. Major Arts
1. Architecture- is the art or science of building specifically the art or
practice of designing and building structures and especially habitable
ones.
2. Dance- is a sport and art form that generally refers to movement of
the body usually rhythmic and used as a form of expression, social
interaction or presented in a spiritual or performance setting.
3) Fashion Design- is the applied art dedicated to clothing and lifestyle
accessories created within the cultural and social influences of a specific
time
4) Literature- comes from the Latin word littera which means letter. In a
broad sense, it means any written work
5) Music- is an art form whose medium is sound organized in time. Common
elements of music are pitch which governs melody and harmony rhythm,
tempo, meter and articulation, dynamics and the sonic qualities of timbre
and texture.
B. Minor Art
1) Decorative Art- is concerned with design and decoration of object that is
chiefly prized for its utility, rather than for its purely aesthetic qualities
like ceramics, metal ware, furniture, textiles, clothing, and others
2) Graphic Art- refers to the art of drawing or painting or print making
which focuses on visual communication and presentation
3) Industrial Art- is tantamount to practical arts, such as engineering, metal
working or carpentry
4) Plastic Art includes those visual art that involve the use of materials that
can be molded or modulated in some way often in three dimensions clay,
paint and plaster
5) Popular Art- refers to any dance, literature, music, theatre, or other art
form intended to be received and appreciated by ordinary people in a
literate and technologically advanced society dominated by urban
culture.
6) Painting -is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other
medium to a surface like wall, paper, canvas wood and glass
7) Sculpture- It can be defined as the art or practice of creating three
dimensional forms or figures through carving, modeling, and casting
STEPS TO BEGIN AN ARTWORK

1) Conceptualize a good subject
v The first step in making a good art is to conceptualize what you
want to communicate with your intended audience. This would
serve as your starting point.
2) Choose the size you want
v How big do you want to portray your object? The scale of an art
can change its entire feel, so it’s essential to have a purpose for
making artwork larger or smaller than life remembers the size
matters.
3) Create your own crop
v Often the most powerful lines in a work of art are the four things
the most artists don’t even think to control. The edges of your
canvas or paper are responsible for containing and shaping your
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final work of art. Why settle for drawing inside somebody else’s
lines.
4) Think about placement
v The way you place shapes on a 2 dimensional surface lend levels of
importance meaning and balance to a piece. The edges of your
canvas or paper are responsible for containing and shaping your
final work of art
5) Control your line
v Any subject you choose will have at least an outline as well as

other lines to give it depth, texture and detail. Our eyes naturally
follow lines so use that to your advantage in capturing the viewers
gaze. Let your lines flow to the center of your work or to spots that
you want the viewer to look at. Angled or curved lines are
generally add more visual interest and movement, but too much
can be chaotic. Horizontals and verticals lend strength solidity and
impressiveness but can be boring.
6) Balance positive and negative space
v Positive space is any object or shape that stands out from the
background and registers to the eyes as something. Negative space
is the background or space around objects. Usually its suggested
that you keep approximately equal amounts of positive and
negative space to make a work feel more balanced.
7) Add Contrast
v Visual art should have a full range of values from dark to light.
Without bright highlights and dark shadows an image will often
fell gray or washed out and will be interesting. Darker areas in
predominantly light section will stand out and draw the eye and
the same is true for the reverse.
8) Simplify distracting element,
v Too many shapes, lines or colors can distract or confuse viewers. If
you want the viewer to notice or return consistently to one part of
the painting simplify the rest of it. Decide what the focus should
be and it your eyes get distracted change it. Another way to
simplifying your art is to get closer to a single object.

9) Choose your colors deliberately
v Bold color will catch attention so use them purposefully where you
want people to look. Any color that all alone surrounded by
another color will make objects closer to the viewer so use them to
create depth and space cold colors blue purple and some green
will cause objects to recede in the distance. When an object in the
back of your painting is too warm it’ll distract from your overall
composition and pull attention where you don’t want it.
Books and Journals
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Course Module
Module 4 Basic Elements and Principles of Art
Welcome to the third module on the Visual Arts
be developed, enriched, and made productive through finer things in life’s is
limitless and that we only have to exert time and effort for the arts to work
for us.
1) Identify the Basic Elements of the Arts
2) Identify the Principles of Art
Basic Elements of the Arts
Subject, medium, line, color, texture, volume, perspective, form and style
Elements of Music
v Rhythm, melody, dynamics, harmony, texture, form, color, style
Elements of Literature
v As to poetry, as to novels, as to short story, as to essay
“What makes any work of art great?”
1) Sincerity- satisfies the questions on whether the artist’s intention is
perfectly honest of if he/she is striving for effect either by sentimentality
or sensation. Subjects of artwork like in the case of “Spoliarum” are
fraught with frustration and sentimentality/
2) Universality- is the quality of artwork that should answer the elements of
truth in the artwork which is something permanent and not just of the
momentary value. Like in the case of the sculpture of Our Lady of Peace of
Edsa. It speaks of man’s universal belief in the power of prayer in fighting
for a cause.
3) Magnitude- is a criterion that tells about the scope and significance of a
work of art. A very good example is the work of Micheleangelo which is
the Sistine Chapel and Juan Luna’s “spolarium. These pieces can be seen
several times and yet one cannot exhaust the depth and extent of its
meaning.
4) Craftmanship- is perceived from the point of viewof a master or a group
of artists who represents a style that reflects period and form of elements
and technical skills.
Principles of Art
Composition is a process- the act of composing or organizing the elements of art.
Artistic composition takes place according to aesthetic principles such as proportion and
scale, unity, balance, and rhythm. Through the use of these principles of organization,
beautiful works are created by artists.
1) Proportion- is the comparative relationship of the parts of or composition to
each other and to the whole. Much of classical Greek Parthenon was constructed
according to the principle of the golden section, which states that a small part
must relate to a larger part as the lager part relates to the whole.
Scale- is the relative size of an object compared with others of its kind, its
setting, or human dimensions.
2) Unity/Harmony- is oneness or wholeness. A work of art achieves unity when its
parts are necessary to the composition. In the visual arts, it is achieved by
establishing a pleasing relationship between the different elements. There is
unity and harmony if the various parts of a design will give an appearance of
belonging together.
Organic Unity and Unity in Variety. This means that each element in a work of
art is necessary to its value. It must be unified and must “hang together” as one
entity. Each element of the art used is essential to the work.
Repetition of angles and curves, shapes, lines and color will give a harmonious
effect. If overdone though, repetition may become monotonous and it may fail to
hold the attention and interest of observers.

3) Balance- A work of art possesses balance when its visual or actual weights or
masses are distributed in such a way that they achieve harmony. Balance gives a
feeling of stability and rest
Balance may either be formal or informal
Formal Balance- It is also called symmetrical balance. This is achieved by
making both sides exactly alike. Objects of the same size and shape when
arranged on two sides of center will produce formal balance.
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Informal or asymmetrical balance – It is called occult balance. It is more
difficult to achieve than formal balance however, the results are more
interesting. It is achieved when objects of unequal weight or unequal attractions
are placed at object with a stronger attraction is placed near the center while the
smaller object or the one with less striking attraction is moved farther out from
the center.
4) Rhythm-is the regular repetition of sensory impressions. A series of units
repeated one after another produces rhythmic movement. Rhythmical pattern
help the eye to move easily from one part of the room to another or from one
part of a design to another. Therefore, rhythm helps to create harmony in a
design or a room. It is used as the most effective way of creating aesthetic unity
in prose, music, dance, painting, architecture and sculpture.
5) Emphasis- means giving the proper importance to the parts or to the whole.
Emphasis is the most noticeable in the art of advertising. The aim is to call
attention to a particular product or object. It is therefore necessary to emphasize

one feature in an advertisement so that it will stand out from the rest.
Color is also used to create emphasis. Contrast of colors can be used to produce a
center of interest. A black object placed against a white background will easily
catch the attention. A brightly colored accessory like a belt or a brooch used with
a dress of neutral color catches more attention than we used with a dress of
intense color. Emphasis is important because it relieves monotony. It can also be
used to call attention to pleasing center of interest.
Books and Journals
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Course Module
Module 6-9 Art and Artisans: Production Process,
Medium, Technique, Curation

Welcome to the six module on the Art Appreciation.
In the Art Appreciation, it helps to develop students’ personal artistic styles,
artistic techniques for the different art medium and the ability and evaluate
great art.
1. Value the true meaning of Arts Medium and Techniques
2. Enumerate the basis of medium
3. Enumerate the mediums of visual arts, sculpture, and music
Definition of Medium
The word medium, which comes from the Latin word medium, denotes
the means by which an artist communicates his idea. It is the stuff out of
which he creates a work of art. These are the materials which the artist
uses to translate his feelings or thought into a beautiful reality. This may
be pigment in painting, stone, wood brick, concrete and various building
materials in architecture, steel, marble, bronze, and wood in sculpture,
sound in music and words in literature.
On the basis of medium, the arts are primarily classified as: Visual and
Auditory.
Visual- The visual or spaces are those whose mediums can be seen and
which occupy space. These are grouped into two classes. The first is the
dimensional or two dimensional arts which include painting, drawing
printmaking, and photography. The community planning, industrial
design and the crafts like ceramics and furniture making
Auditory- or time arts are those mediums that can be heard and which are
expressed in time. These are music and literature. The combined arts are
those whose mediums can be both seen and heard, and these exist in both
space and time.
The Artist and His Mediums
The artist thinks feels and gives shape to his vision in terms of his mediums. When an artist
chooses his medium, he believes that this can best express the idea he wants t convey. Most
often an artist employs more than one medium to give meaning to his creative production.
Oftentimes, the matter of selecting the medium depends entirely on the artist himself since
this is a part of the artistic inspiration. The distinctive character of the medium determines
the way it can be worked on and turned into a work of art. The nature of each medium
determines how a work of art may be realized.
Definition of Technique
Technique is the manner in which the artist controls his medium to achieve the desired
effect. It is the ability with which he fulfills the technical requirement s of his particular
work of art. It has to do with the way he manipulates the work of art. It has to do with the
way he manipulates his medium to express his ideas. Apparently, artists differ from one
another in technique even if they use the same medium..
The Mediums of Visual Arts
Watercolor- as a medium is difficult to handle because it is difficult to produce warm and
rich tones. While changes may be made once the paint has been applied such changes
normally tend to make the color less luminous. This defect however are rendered by
watercolor artists through some techniques
An example is the method of gouache, an opaque watercolor painting the major effects of
which are caused by the whitepaper itself. The gouache, is done by mixing zinc white with
the regular watercolor paints to tone them down giving the appearance of sobriety suitable
for dramatic purposes

Fresco- This is the painting on a moist plaster surface with colors ground in water or a
limewater mixture. The colors dry into plaster, and the picture becomes a part of the wall.
Fresco must be done quickly because it is an exacting medium
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Tempera- paints are mineral pigments mixed with egg yolk or egg white and ore. They are
often used as a binder due to its film forming properties and rapid drying rate.
Pastel- This is a stick of dried paste mage of pigments ground with chalk and compounded
with gum water. Its colors are luminous, and it is a very flexible medium. Some artists use a
fixing medium or a protecting surface such a glass, but when the chalk rubs, the picture
loses some of its brilliance.
Encaustic- This is one of the early mediums used by the Egyptians for the painted portrait
on mummy cases. This is done by painting with wax colors fixed with heat. Painting with
wax produces luster and radiance in the subject making them appear at their best in
portraits.
Oil- painting is one of the most expensive art activities today because of the prohibitive
cost of materials. In oil painting, pigments are mixed with linseed oil and applied to the
canvas. One good quality of oil paint as a medium is its flexibility. The artist may use brush,
palette knife or even his bare hands when applying paint in his canvass. In some cases we
do not even notice the artist’s strokes because the paint is applied very smoothly. One
distinctive characteristic of oil paints, compared with other mediums, is that they dry
slowly and the painting may be changed and worked over a long period of time. Painting
done in oil is glossy and lasts long.
Acrylic- This medium is used popularly by contemporary painters because of the

transparency and quick drying characteristics of water color and the flexibility of oil
combined. This synthetic paint is mixed with acrylic emulsion as binder for coating the
surface of the artwork. Acrylic paints do not tend to break easily, unlike oil paints which
turn yellowish or darker over a long of period of time.
Mosaic- art is a picture or decoration made of small pieces of inlaid colored stones or glass
called “tesserae” which most often are cut in into squares glued on a surface with plaster or
cement. Mosaic is usually classified as painting. Although the medium used is not strictly
pigment. Mosaic art is an important feature of Byzantine churches. A prominent religious
artwork in Manila done in mosaic is found in the altar of Sta. Cruz Church showing a
wounded white lamb, symbolizing Christ, with a stream that flows down directly to the
tabernacle
Stained Glass- as an artwork is common in Gothic Cathedrals and churches. This is made
by combining many small pieces of colored glass which are held together by bands of lead.
Tapestry – This is a fabric consisting of a warp upon which colored threads are woven by
hand to produce a design, often pictorial and for wall hangings and furniture covering.
During the middle Ages, they were hung on the walls of palaces and in Cathedrals on festive
occasions to provide warmth.
Drawing- is usually done on paper, using pencil pen and ink, or charcoal. It is the most
fundamental of all skills necessary in the arts.
Drawing can be done with different kinds of mediums and the most common is pencil
which comes in different degrees of hardness or softness, with the pencil lead (graphite)
depending on the kind of drawing the artists will undertake. For line work, hard pencil lead
is applied. Ink, one of the oldest mediums still in use, offers a great variety of qualities,
depending on the tools and techniques used in applying the ink on the surface.
Bistre- is a brown pigment extracted from the soot of wood, and often used in pen and
wash drawings.
Crayons- are pigments bound by wax and compressed into painted sticks used for drawing
especially among children in the elementary grade. They adhere better on paper surface.
Charcoal- These are carbonaceous materials obtained by heating wood or other organic
substances in the absence of air. Charcoal is used in representing broad masses of light and
shadow. Like drawing pencil, soft charcoal produces the darkest value, while the darkest
produces the lightness tone.
Silverpoint- In this medium, the artist has technique of drawing with a silver stylus on
specially prepared paper to produce a thin grayish line that was popular during the
Renaissance period.
Print making- a print is anything printed on a surface that is a direct result from a
duplicating process. Ordinarily, the painting or graphic image, is done in black ink on white
paper and becomes the artist’s plate.
Five Major Types of Prints
1) Woodcut
v As the name implies, this is made from a piece of wood. The design stands as a
relief, the remaining surface of the block being cut away. A woodblock prints just
as do the letters of a typewriter. The lines of the design are wood, so they are
very fine. Woodcuts can be identified because of their firm, clear and black lines.
2) Engraving
v This is the art of forming designs by cutting, corrosion by acids. In engraving, the
lines of the designs are cut into a metal plate with ink and transferred from the
plate to the paper. The lines of an engraving are cut by hand with an instrument
called burin, a steel tool with an oblique point and rounded handle for carving
stone and engraving metal.

3) Intaglio
v Is a printing process in which the design or the text is engraved into the surface
of the place and the ink is transferred to paper from the groover. The design is
engraved or etched into a metal plate.
4) Stencil Printing
v Is a very common art activity done by high school students these days as a part
of their practical arts courses. It is a process which involves the cutting of the
design on special paper cardboard or metal sheet in such a way that when ink is
rubbed over it, the design is reproduced on the surface.
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5) Relief
v Involves the cutting away from a block of wood or linoleum the parts of the
design that the artist wants to be seen. Leaving the portion of a design to stand
out wants to be seen, leaving the portion of a design to stand out on a block or on
the linoleum. The apparent projection of parts of the design gives the
appearance of the third dimension. Color prints are made by preparing a
separate block for each color to be used. It is important that only the parts to be
printed with precision are on the proper area
The Mediums of Sculpture
There are a number of materials available for a sculpture to work with according to the
artists interest in the subject- stone, marble, jade, and granite, to name a few. Each of them
presents an interesting motivation to challenge the sculptor’s creativity.
Stone- is the hard substance formed from mineral and earth material. The finish is granular
and dull in appearance. These are normally used for gravestones in cemeteries.
Granite- is a granular igneous rock composed of feldopars and quartz, usually combined
with other minerals and is quite difficult to chisel. This is good for large works with only a
few designs.
Marble- is limestone in a more or less crystalline state and is capable of taking a high
polish, occurring in many varieties. It is easier to carve than granite
Jade- is a fine, colorful stone usually green, and used widely in Ancient China. It is highly
esteemed as an ornamental stone for carving and fashioning jewelry.
Ivory- which comes from the main parts of the tasks of elephants is the hard white
substance use to make carvings and billiards balls. In the home of some well to do families
in the Philippines, faces and hands of images of saints are made of ivory. The bodies are
made of wood, carved and painted.
Metals- include any of a class of elementary substances as gold, silver or copper all of
which are characterized by capacity, ductility, conductivity and peculiar luster when
freshly fractured. Traditionally, the metals that have been the medium for sculpture are
copper, brass, bronze, gold, silver, and lead. Aluminum is a recent addition to the list
Bronze is another by product of metal consisting of copper and tin with color and is one of
the most universally popular metals for sculpture. Bronze as a material is strong, durable
and resistant to any atmospheric corrosion.
Brass -an alloy of copper and zinc is not popularly used by artists because of its limitations
as a medium. Although it has many practical uses, brass does not rust and it takes a brilliant
polish.
Copper – which has a peculiar brilliance, is used as a costing medium. This is basically
shaped by hammering. It can into relief forms.
Gold and Silver- are used as casting materials for small objects like medals, coins and
pieces of jewelry. Because they are quite expensive, they are used for either personal
accessories or religious adornments.
Lead- a bluish gray metal is used for casting and forging. With the help of a welding torch
iron, it can be worked into a variety of unique and exciting forms.
Plaster – is a composition of lime, sand and water. Plaster is worked on an armature of
metal wires and rods in addition to various materials and fibers. This is applied on walls
and ceilings and allowed to harden and dry. The medium is used extensively for making
manikins, models, molds, architectural decorations and other indoor sculpture.
Clay- is a natural earthy material that has the nature of plasticity when wet, consisting
essentially of hydrated silicates of aluminum used for making bricks and ceramics.
Glass- is a medium that is hard, brittle, noncrystalline, more or less transparent substances
produced by fusion, usually consisting of mutually dissolved silica and silicates and
contains soda and lime.
Wood- as a medium is perhaps easier to carve than any other mediums available because it
can be intricately carved and subjected into a variety of treatment not possible with stone.
The Mediums of Music
Basically, music deals with sound. The medium of music is the sound. The medium of music
is the sound produced by man and the human voice and by most musical instruments. The
musical instruments which have a vibrator, a resonator and a system for producing and
regulating fixed pitches are grouped into four main types- stringed, woodwind, brass and
percussion instruments.
Stringed Instruments
v The violin is the smallest of the stringed instruments and has the highest pitch.
v The cello is much larger than the violin and has longer, thicker and heavier strings
v The viola and violin are played by tucking the instrument under the chin of the
musicians when they are playing
v The cello is bigger than the violin and the viola it resets on the floor when it is
played. The large protruding pin at its base holds it firmly on the floor
v The double bass is the longest of the string instruments and has the lowest pitch.
The distinguishing feature of the string instruments is that the smaller the size, the
higher is its pitch and the larger it is lower is its pitch.
v The Harps one of the oldest string instruments consisting of a triangular frame
formed by a sound box, a pillar and curved neck, and having strings that are
stretched between the sound box and the neck are plucked with fingers
v The guitar is a stringed musical instrument with a long fretted neck a flat somewhat
violin-like body and has six strings which are plucked
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Woodwinds
The wind instruments consist of tubes usually made of wood which have holes on the sides.
When one or another of these holes is opened or closed, air inside the tube is changed, thus
producing tones of varied pitches. The keys are set and arranged to suit the natural
position of the fingers of the musician while he plays the instrument
v The Flute is a musical wind instrument consisting o a tube with a series of finger
holes or keys in which the wind is directed against a sharp edge. The flute produces
a melodious sound, and so it often plays solo parts in orchestral compositions in a
concert
v The Clarinet is a woodwind instrument in the form of a cylindrical tube with a
single reed attached to its mouthpiece. It has a wide range and usually plays the alto
part when the flute plays the melody.
v The Piccolo is a small flute, sounding an octave higher than the ordinary flute
v The oboe is a wood wind instrument having a slender conical body and a double
reed mouthpiece. The tone of the oboe is nasal
v The Bassoon is a larger woodwind instrument of low range with a doubled tube and
a curved metal crook to which a double reed is attached.
v The Saxophone is a musical wind instrument consisting of a conical, usually brass
tube with keys or valves and mouthpiece with one reed. This musical instrument is
not a regular member of the orchestra
Brass Instruments
The brass instruments consist of cylindrical brass tubes of varying length.
v The trumpet is a brass instrument with a powerful, penetrating tone, consisting
of a tube commonly curved once or twice around on it and having a cup shaped
mouthpiece at one end and bell at the other. Because of its piercing tone when
played, it is associated with martial pomp.
v The horn is a wind instrument originally formed from the hollow horn of an
animal but now usually made of brass or other metals
v The trombone is a musical wind instrument consisting of a cylindrical metal
tube expanding into a bell and bent twice in U shape, usually equipped with a
slide
v The tuba is the bass of the brass choir. It is also a valued brass wind instrument
having a low range.
Percussion Instruments
The word percussion simply means the striking of one body against another with
some sharpness. The striking or tapping or scratching of the instrument with the
hand generates some excitement ad enlivens the orchestral sound.
v The chimes is a musical instrument consisting of a set of slabs of metals
which produce musical tones when struck
v The glockenspiel is a musical instrument composed of a set of graduated
steel bars mounted in a frame and struck with hammers and used especially
in bands
v The cymbal is a concave plate of brass or bronze that produces a sharp,
ringing sound when struck played either in pairs, by being struck together or
simply by being struck by a drumstick
v The xylophone is a musical instrument consisting of a graduated series of
wooden bars, usually sounded by striking with small wooden bars usually
sounded by striking with small wooden hammers
v The Kettledrum is a drum consisting of a hallow hemisphere of brass or
copper over which is stretched a skin
v The percussion instruments can produce tones of different and definite
pitches.
Books and Journals
VISUAL ARTS
Visual Arts 1
Course Module
Module 11 Elements and Principles of Different
Arts
Welcome to the eleven module on the Art Appreciation
be developed, enriched, and made productive through finer things in life’s is
limitless and that we only have to exert time and effort for the arts to work
for us.
1. Enumerate the Elements of the Visual Arts
2. Enumerate the Properties and Classification of Colors
3. How Light determines color
4. Value the mystery of color perception and uses of the Art Elements
Elements of Visual Arts
The materials the artist uses in creating a work of art are the medium and the elements
put together. An element of art can only be seen in some medium. This element is
independent of the medium for instance a pencil line or an ink line. The medium is the
physical means through which we can come into contact with a work
Line- as an element it is the simplest, most ancient and most universal means for
creating visual art. A line is a prolongation of a point. As a prolongation it may be
straight or curved according to its direction. Line may be broad thin or fine or ragged.
Value (Light and Dark)- Value is the relative degree of lightness and darkness in a
graphic work of art or painting. It indicates the degree of luminosity that is the presence
or absence of light. In a value scale, white is considered as the highest value, and black,
the lowest a point halfway between them is called the medium. The point halfway
between medium and black is classified as dark. It is the transition between lightness
and darkness in an object. It is value which gives the impression of solidity
Light and Shadow- Light and shadow, known as chiaroscuro, from the Italian word for
light and dark is different from value. Light and shadow is a means of modeling a figure
in depth, a means of articulating the form.
Form- This is the external appearance of a clearly defined area. It is the visual shape
of an object or thing found in nature. Forms are used to describe simple objects and
determine the structure of these objects. Some forms are natural, abstract, nonobjective or
geometric. Natural Forms are those we see in nature shapes of leaves,
animals, trees and mountains. Some buildings look like geometric solids. Some
examples are the pyramids the cylindrical towers and box like edifices. Geometric
shapes are evident in these buildings.
Color- is the quality of an object or substance with respect to light reflected by it,
and usually determined visually by measurement of hue, saturation and brightness
of the reflected light. It is a series of wave lengths which strike out retina. Every ray
of light coming from the sun is composed of different waves which vibrate at
different speeds.
Texture- is the surface treatment of an artistic work in order to give variety and
beauty to any work of art. The sense of sight and the sense of touch are involved.
They are the smooth and the rough. Variations in texture of objects, buildings and
structures help avoid a monotonous effect.
Space- is an art element which is concerned with making all parts functional so that
all parts of the work of art will contribute to make the whole a complete work of art.
Space exists as “illusion” in the graphic presentation.
Properties of Color
Hue- This is the particular identity of a color. The principal hues are red, yellow and
blue. This is classified into warm and cool. Color is said to be warm when red or
yellow is dominant and cool when blue is the dominant color.
Value- This term is applied to denote the lightness and darkness of a color. Colors
can be made darker by making the pigments thicker, adding black, or adding a little
of its complement. Colors can be made lighter by adding water or oil or white.
Intensity- This is the term to denote the brightness and dullness of a color. Colors
differ in intensity or vividness. Two colors may both be violet, one just as dark as the
other, but one may be more intense than the other. Powder blue is a dulled blue, old
rose is a dulled red. When a hue is found in its most vivid form, it is said to be in full
intensity. A hue completely neutralized loses its color and becomes gray.
Classification of Colors
The primary colors are red, yellow and blue. These are called primary colors
because all other colors are produced by combining any of the two colors.
The secondary colors are green, violet, and orange. These colors can be produced
by mixing any two of the primary colors.
The intermediate colors can be produced by mixing in equal amounts primary and
secondary colors. These colors are yellow orange, red orange, red violet, blue violet,
blue green and yellow green.
VISUAL ARTS
Visual Arts 3
Course Module
The tertiary colors can be produced by combining in equal mixture any two
secondary such as orange yellow, violet green, and orange green.
Black is the darkest and the dullest of the deep. It is only considered a color when
mixed with other colors. It is only considered a color when mixed with other colors.
It suggests despair, gloom, death and, mourning.
Blue is the color of the sky and of the deep. It gives the impression of vastness and
infinity. It is a symbol of tranquility, calmness and peace.
Gray is the combination of black and white or the three primary colors. It gives the
impression of weight, solidity and neutrality.
Green is the color of still water and vegetation. It is a symbol of growth, freshness
and hope.
Orange is a combination of red and yellow. This color symbolizes deliciousness and
sweetness.
Pink is a combination of red and white symbolizes love
Red is a basic color. It typifies fire, blood, danger, festivity, bravery, war, passion,
energy, and warmth.
Violet is a mixture of red and blue. It suggests shadows, mourning, penance, rovalty
and power.
White when taken independently is not considered a color. It is the lightest of all
colors. It symbolizes simplicity, clarity, purity, and peace.
Yellow is the color of light. This is the color which is often mistaken as a color of
jealousy. It symbolizes life, joy, sunshine, cheerfulness, warmth, splendor and
hospitality.
Yellow green is the kind of color which is hurting to the eyes and which is hurting to
the eyes and which makes one appear darker. It is a color appropriate for those with
fair complexions.
Brown is a mixture red and a little green. It is said to the safest color for all. It
suggests humility and confidence.
Warm colors seem to advance while cool one seems to recede. The warm colors
give the illusion, under certain conditions, that they are closer to us than the cool
colors, and some artists have exploited this quality to deepen or flatten space in
their works.
Color harmony is the correct combination and arrangement of colors so that they
will appear pleasing to the eyes.
Monochromatic harmony employs only one color with its tints and shades. An
example is red. Harmonizing with it are red, medium red, and dark red
Analogous harmony is the use of colors which possess one common color in all
their mixture. These colors are found near each other in the color chart. An example
is orange, red- orange and yellow orange.
How Light Determines Color
With good reason, a woman buying a dress will often take it out into daylight to see
the true colors. She usually finds that any re in the fabric is far more pronounced in
sunlight than under the fluorescent lamps which concentrate much of their energy
in the blue wavelengths of the spectrum, while the energy of sunlight is distributed
evenly through the spectrum, thus giving the fabric sufficient red light to reflect.
A more exaggerated color change occurs on a highway lit by sodium vapor lamps.
These lamps emit nearly all the energy at two wavelengths of the spectrum while
the energy at two wave lengths of the spectrum.
The Mystery of Color Perception
Isaac Newton first speculated on how colors are perceived and yet the phenomenon
of seeing in color which man shares with a number of other animals, including apes,
goldfish and bees is only now beginning to be clearly understood.
It has been a major problem that color vision involves a physiological process,
whereby light energy is transformed into color signals to the brain, and
physiological process, by which the brain interprets the signals. An early theorist,
Thomas Young could present a satisfactory explanation of color vision as purely
physiological action, in which a combination of three primary colors is sufficient to
create any hue.
Uses of the Art Elements
Symbols- These are made up of different shapes used to depict or symbolize
objects. Objects are simplified so that only the prominent part is represented.
Pictures- The use of the art elements gives the difference of how pictures are being
represented. The conservative artists represent things. Exactly as he sees them in
nature while a modernists tries to interpret nature as he feels it.
Emotion- are expressed by the different elements which symbolize or suggest
feelings i.e. despair, mourning, hope, love, passion, hate, anger, fear, and actions like
conflict, struggle, crying, violence, kissing and laughing.
VISUAL ARTS
Visual Arts 5
Course Module
Books and Journals
Module 12 Art History
Welcome to the thirteen module on the Art Appreciation
Art may be considered one of the earliest activities of man.
Man could draw long before he could write. We have no record
of how man spoke 20,000 years ago, but we do know how he
used drawing to communicate certain ideas.
• Examine the History of Art from the Prehistoric Period to
the Contemporary Society.
• Enumerate the Styles of Art
Baroque Art
The baroque style of architecture prevailed in Europe during
the 17th and 18th centuries and was characterized by elaborate
and grotesque forms and ornamentations. In painting, this is
characterized by movement, energy and restleness.
The compositions of baroque painting employs diagonal and
zigzag lines that best express the vitality and movement
quality of the baroque art
Gothic Art
This style of architecture originated in the middle of the
century. It is characterized by pointed arch and ribbed vault.
The Gothic Cathedral with its high pointed spiral striving

upwards to the sky illustrates the symbol and expression of
faith. All the important features of the structure served to
emphasize its verticality.
Modern Art
Modern art is characterized by contemporary styles of visual
art, music and literature. It rejects traditionally accepted or
sanctioned forms and emphasizes individual experimentation
and sensibility. This modern art is the result of various social
factors at the turn of the century that saw the marked
advancement of science and technology.
Styles of Art
Expressionism
Is a manner of painting and sculpturing in which natural forms
and colors are distorted and exaggerated this style of art,
which developed in the 20th century is characterized chiefly by
heavy, often black lines that define form, sharply contrasting
often vivid colors and subjective treatment of thematic
materials.
Surrealism
Is a style of art and literature developed principally in the 20th
century, stressing the subconscious or non-rational
significance of imagery at automatism or the exploitation of
change effects, unexpected juxtapositions and symbolic
objects.
Realism
Is another style of art whose interest and concern centered on
the actual or real problems. It delves on the treatment of forms,
colors, space, as they appear in actuality or ordinary visual
experience. Realism is associated with social consciousness
and transformation occurring during the period. American
society was then suffering from economic depression and
moral decadence.
Realistic paintings
In which form and content try to make a moving human
message are works of artists who are highly sensitive people,
feeling and living with their society and finding art a vehicle for
communicating significant human experience that will
transform human values essential to a truly humane society.
Impressionism
Is a style of painting developed in the last third of the 19th
century, characterized by short brisk strokes of bright colors
used to recreate the impression of light on objects. In literature
this is a practice that emphasizes immediate aspects of objects
or actions without exhaustive examination
Cubism
Is a style of painting and sculpture developed in the early 20th
century characterized chiefly by an emphasis on the formal
structure of a work of art and the reduction of natural forms of
their geometrical equivalent.
Abstract
Is conceived apart from any concrete realities, or specific
objects. It pertains to the formal aspect of art emphasizing
lines, colors, and generalized geometric forms. This kind of art
is a logical extension of cubism with its fragmentation of the
object.
Renaissance Art
Renaissance was the period of economic progress where cities
were built. The term Renaissance came from the French
language meaning rebirth. In this period, another word was
created for man. There was a classical learning in the study of
the ancient greek and roman texts. The period stirred
enthusiasm for the philosophy and artistic values of the
ancients. The ideals of classicism balance, harmony, proportion
and intellectual order became the artistic standard of the time.
Painting and Sculpture
An important characteristic of the period was the spirit of
scientific inquiry and investigation. This new and vital
approach to the materials world led to empiricism, which lay
on the evidence of the senses. The artists strove for a more
naturalistic portrayal of man and developed new techniques
such as modeling shading for a three dimensional effect.
Architecture
Is the art and science of building when one speaks of
architecture it would always by associated with houses,
churches, commercial buildings or any other structures.

Architecture is the art and science of designing and building
structures or large groups of structures in keeping with
aesthetic and functional criteria.
The Styles of Architecture
Egyptian Architecture 3,200 B.C to First Century A.D
The gigantic scale which distinguishes Egyptian Architecture
was made possible not only by the materials, but also by the
methods of quarrying, transporting and raising enormous
blocks of stones into position. Quarrying was done with copper
tools and by the use of timber wedges which, when swollen by
water, split the blocks away from the natural rock. The
outstanding feature of the religion of the Egyptians was their
strong belief in a future state hence the erection of such
everlasting monuments as pyramids for the preservation of the
dead.
Greek Architecture 350- 30 B.C
• Hellenic Period 650-323 B.C
Although temples were then the chief building type, the
earliest resembled the Aegean megaron in plan and in
having timber laced, sun- dried brick walls, stucco covered,
on stone dadocs, timber embraced portals (the origin of the
door architrave), narrowing a little towards the top, timber
antae or upright protecting the free ends of the naos wall
where they embraced the pronaos or porch and a low
pitched roof showing pediments or gables over the narrow

ends.
• Hellenistic Period (323-30 B.C)
This period provided much of the decorative inspiration of
some Roman building types. Greek Hellenic architecture
had mostly benn of a religious character, but from the
fourth century B.C onwards, public buildings multiplied in
type and number and passed into permanent form.
Roman Architecture 300 B.C- A.D 365
The Romans adopted the columnar and trabeated style of the
Greeks, and also developed the arch and the vault from the
beginnings made by the Etruscans. This combined use of
column, beam and arch is the keynote of the Roman style in its
earliest stages.
The Romans added as fourth and fifth orders of Architecture
the Tuscan and the composite order the first three orders
being Ionic, Doric and Corinthian
Romanesque Architecture
The Romanesque style of the tenth to the twelfth centuries was
remarkable for the tentative use of a new constructive
principle, the deliberate articulation of structure, in which each
construction part played a designed role in establishing
equilibrium. The general character of the Romanesque style is
sober and dignified, while formal massing depends on the
grouping of towers and the projection of transepts and choir.
The character depends on the employment of vaulting, based

initially on Roman methods.
Byzantine Architecture 5th Century to the Present
Day
The character of Byzantine Architecture, which dates from the
fifth century to the present day, determined by the novel
development of the dome to cover polygonal and square plans
for churches tombs and baptisteries
The practice of using a domical system of roof construction is
in strong contrast to the early Christian timber tussles. It may
be broadly stated that the Basilican type of plan belongs to
early Christian architecture and the domed centralized type of
plan to the Byzantine.
Early Christian Architecture 313-800
The early Christians, as Roman craftsmen, continued old
roman traditions, but prosperity was declining and it was
natural that the materials from Roman temples had become
useless for their original purposes. Further in their churches,
modeled on Roman basilicas they used old columns which, by
various devices were brought to a uniform height.
On this account, although extremely interesting from an
archaeological point of view, early Christian buildings hardly
have the architectural value of a style produced by the solution
of constructive buildings. Basilican churches had either closely
spaced column carrying the entablature. The Basilican church
with three or five aisles covered by a simple timber roof, is

typical of the early Christian style
Islamic Architecture 7th Century to the Present Day
Islamic Architecture is a product of a major historic event the
rapid conquest of diverse territories by a people with no
architectural tradition and the conquest synthesis of styles
under one philosophy- but in many different circumstances.
Islamic Architecture is fundamentally centered upon god. At its
heart is the mosque and inward looking building where the
prime purpose is contemplation and prayer
Renaissance Architecture 15th to 19th Century
Architecture during the Renaissance was brought to the
construction of aristocratic residences, or palazzos, as well as
churches. Usually three stories high, they were symmetrical,
with flat rusticated façade and regular ornamentation. This
generally consisted of arches above the windows and between
them at regular intervals, flat columns called pilasters with
capitals from the classical orders. The long straight line of the
roof strengthened the massive, horizontal emphasis of the
structure.
The Early Period 1494-1589
The special character of this transitional period lies in the
combination of gothic and renaissance features to form a
picturesque ensemble such as the flying buttresses or
pinnacles. The principal buildings in this period were castles in
the countries around Paris and on the Louvre. The influence of

traditional Gothic craftsmanship was more pronounced in
France.
The Classical Period 1589-1715
This period is notable for the dignity, sobriety, and masculine
quality of its foremost buildings, resulting from the
subordination of plan, composition and detail and the unity of
the whole, and the charity and simplicity with which the
elements were used.
There is a descent from the classical grandeur of the previous
ewra, particularly marked in domestic planning and in interior
decoration
Modern /International Architecture
The asymmetrical plan, evident only at first in domestic
architecture, the house growing organically out of its internal
requirements, seems to have originated with architects later to
be associated with the arts and crafts movement in England
1887 and whose ideas were also absorbed by the young Frank
Lloyd.
Theatre
The drama is an art form in which the performers act a story to
the audience. It is a combination of different arts.
In ancient Greece, the drama began as the worship of the god of
wine, Dionysus. From this, classical Greek drama developed
written by poets and musicians like Aeschylus and Sophocles.
A kind of play was performed in China more than 3,000 years

ago. When the seasons changed young men and women from
different villages met at places where rivers joined and sang
danced and acted in praise of the gods.
Books and Journals
• Fernandez, Steven Patrick (2010) Making Theatre; The Craft of the
Stage. Iligan City: MSU – Iligan City: MSU Iligan Institute of Technology,
Mindanao State University
• http://www.saylor.org/courses/arth101b
• http://www.sbctc.edu
• https://courses.lumenlearning.com/sacartappreciation/part/context-and-perspectives/
Module 13a Soul Making
• Define What is Soul Making
• Identify the word metaphor in soul making
• Recognize Soul Making as Poetry Making and Poetry of
Psyche
Soul Making .
Soul Making is the process where the basic seed of divine
intelligence in all humans goes through necessary experience,
especially suffering the transform into a unique Soul
Soul Making is a Metaphor
The Term soul making is a metaphor. The word "metaphor" is

comprised of two greek words Meta- above and Phero- to carry
Metaphor is an image or phrase that carries the reader above
the literal sensory realm of invisible imagination.
Soul Making is Poetry Making
The word making in soul making comes out the greek word
poieo meaning to be the author or maker of something.
The making is not done by impersonal processes but by
intelligent forces. soul making ir really psycho- poeisis for soul
poetry,
The Poetry of Psyche
Soul Making or Psycho Poetic composing of all emotions,
human institutions, feelings, ideas, pains and pleasures and the
writing instruments that compose our souls.
Books and Journals
• Fernandez, Steven Patrick (2010) Making Theatre; The Craft of the
Stage. Iligan City: MSU – Iligan City: MSU Iligan Institute of Technology,
Mindanao State University
• http://www.saylor.org/courses/arth101b
• http://www.sbctc.edu
• https://courses.lumenlearning.com/sacartappreciation/part/context-and-perspectives/
VISUAL ARTS
Visual Arts 1
Course Module
Module 13b Local Arts
Welcome to the seventeen module on the Art Appreciation
Art developed and accumulated in the Philippines from the beginning of
civilization in the country up to present era. It reflects to its society and nonFilipinos the wide
range of cultural influences.
1) Enumerate the Branches of art in the Philippines
2) Enumerate the functional and other forms of art
Branches of art in the Philippines
Traditional arts- bearers of traditional art can be nominated as Gawad
Manlilikha ng Bayan equal to National Artist
1) Folk Architecture- including but not limited to stilt houses, land
houses and aerial houses
2) Maritime Transport- boat houses, boat making, maritime traditions
3) Weaving- basket weaving, back strap loom weaving, headgear
weaving, fishnet weaving and other forms of weaving
4) Carving- including, but not limited to woodcarving and folk non clay
sculpture
5) Folk Performing Arts- dances, plays and dramas
6) Folk graphic and plastic arts- calligraphy, tattooing, folk writing, folk
drawing and folk painting
7) Ornament, textile, or fiber art- hat making, mask making, accessory
making, ornamental metal crafts
8) Pottery- ceramic making, clay pot making and folk clay sculpture
9) Artistic Expressions- non ornamental metal crafts, martial arts,

supernatural healing arts, medicinal arts, and constellation traditions
Non Traditional Arts- bearers of nontraditional arts can be nominated as
National Artist, equal to Gawad Manlilika ng Bayan
1) Dance- dance choreography, dance direction and dance performance
2) Music- musical compositions, musical direction, and musical performance
3) Theater- Theatrical direction, theatrical performance, theatrical
production design, theatrical light and sound design and theatrical
playwriting
4) Visual arts- painting, non- folk sculpture, printmaking, photography,
installation art, mixed media works, illustration graphic arts,
performance art and imaging
5) Literature- poetry, fiction, essay and literary art criticism.
6) Film and broadcast arts- film and broadcast direction, film and
broadcast production, film and broadcast writing, film and broadcast
production design, film and broadcast cinematography, film and
broadcast animation, film and broadcast performance, film and broadcast
new media
7) Architecture and allied arts- non folk architecture, interior design,
landscape architecture and urban design.
8) Design- industrial design and fashion design
Functional Art
1) Kut- Kut
o is a technique combining Ancient Oriental and European art
process. Considered lost art and highly collectible art form
o The technique was practiced by indigenous people of Samar

Islands between 1600 and late 1800 AD
o Is an exotic Philippine art form based on early century techniques
sgraffio, encaustic and layering
2) Hindu- Buddhist iconography
VISUAL ARTS
Visual Arts 3
Course Module
o These religious and cultural influences mostly came through trade
with Southeast Asian Thassalocratic empires such as the Srivijaya
and Majapahit which had turn trade relationships with India.
3) Lingling-o
o Is an omega shaped type of pendant or amulet that has been
associated with various indigenous cultures of the Philippines
since the early metal age.
4) Batanes workshop
o Earlier historians posited that the earliest lingling- o artifacts
found in the Philippines were created outside of the archipelago,
but an expedition to the northern Philippine province of Batanes,
led by archeologist Peter Bell wood in the early 2000s.
5) Architecture
o They ranged from simple Bahay Kubo which is the basis of all
Filipino cultural architecture.
6) Weaving
o Involves many threads measures being measured, cut and
mounted on a wooden platform. The threads are dyed and weaved

on a loom
Other Forms of Art
1) Whang- od
o The last mambabatok and a national icon, performing the batek
tattoo art of the Butbut Kalinga
2) Indigenous Art
o Is sometimes used to refer to the utility of indigenous materials as
a medium for the creation of different kinds of artworks.
3) Tanaga
o Is a type of Filipino poetry
4) Batok
o Is a form of indigenous tattoing of the kalinga people in the
Cordilleras.
Books and Journals

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What are the purposes of art according to the passage?

What are the purposes of art according to the passage?

What is the role of humanities in man's life according to the passage?

What is the role of humanities in man's life according to the passage?

VISUAL ARTS

Module 1-2 Introduction of Art

Welcome to the first module on the Visual Arts

be developed, enriched and made productive through finer things in life is

At the end of this module you are expected to:

1) Define what Art is.

2) Identify the purposes of art.

view of the arts

It refers to arts- visual arts such as architecture, painting, and sculpture;

Art is not, as the metaphysicians say, the manifestation of some mysterious

idea of beauty or God; it is not, as the aesthetical physiologists say, a game in

man’s emotions by external signs; it is not the production of pleasing objects.

According to Wikipedia Art is the process or product of deliberately arranging

elements in a way that appeals to the sense or emotions. It encompasses a

diverse range of human activities, creations, and modes of expression including

art’s beauty and wonderment if one analyzes it too closely.

It provides us with the opportunity to examine what it takes and what it

means to be human. It reminds us how inadequate it is to understand

ourselves as automous beings and subjects separate and independent from

It helps us recognize fundamental values and principles such as beauty, truth,

love, justice, and faith

heritage as reflected in different Filipino works of art.

It fosters understanding across barriers of race, class, gender, or ethnicity.

The vision of an artist, a philosopher, or a historian is a special one that helps

It helps us address the challenges we face together in our families, our

every human being.

Role of Humanities in Man’s Life

Humanities can regulate the type of behavior that is considered appropriate

to gain the knowledge to achieve the status of a cultured man. A cultured

language. Humanities of our time or the humanistic education of our youth

plowshare, a spear and pruning hook. It is an active force as we pursue our

General View of the Arts

all people for all the times.

subject, theme, values, influences period, belief inspiration, preparation and

References and Supplementary Materials

Books and Journals

2. Lucivila L. Marcos,Ph.D, Marilyn B. Ferianiza, Pedrito Jose V. Bermudo,Ph.D, Antonio

3. Linda R. Bascara, Ph.D, Adela T. Avillanoza,M.A- Rex Bookstore Inc.

.Online Supplementary Reading Materials

Module 3 Living with Art

Welcome to the second module on the Visual Arts

and knowledge in carefully selecting, combining or contrasting all the visual

elements that would carry the artist’s intended meaning.

At the end of this module you are expected to:

1) Identify the Ten Reasons Why art is Indispensable

2) Enumerate the Types of Art

The Importance of Art

10 Reasons Why Art is Indispensable

1) Art communicates feelings and emotions expressively and forcefully;

2) It connects people around the world

3) It stimulates our thoughts when recreating the message of the artist

4) It is a great tool for learning

5) It reminds us of people’s selfless actions and nationalism

6) It serves as a source of inspiration and aesthetic pleasure;

7) It makes the surrounding look better and complete

8) It commemorates certain occasions