Chapter 3 Psychrometric Chart PDF
Chapter 3 Psychrometric Chart PDF
Chapter 3 Psychrometric Chart PDF
PSYCHROMETRIC CHART
BFB 40603 BUILDING SERVICES II
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Introduction to Psychrometry
The Atmosphere
Psychrometry is the study of atmospheric
air and its associated water vapour.
Air comprises a mixture of gases of which
nitrogen makes up 78%, oxygen 21% and
carbon dioxide and the inert gases (such
as argon, neon, krypton, helium etc.)
These are known as the dry gases of the
atmosphere.
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Introduction to Psychrometry
Water Vapour
In addition to these dry gases, the air also contains varying amounts of water vapour. At
normal temperatures and pressures, water is able to exist in both a liquid and a gaseous
(or vapour) form, but it cannot be treated in the same way as the other gases of the
atmosphere because its quantity, and hence proportion are continually varying.
Water vapour is said to be associated with dry air and the more vapour associated with
the dry gases, the more humid the air.
At sea level, atmospheric pressure is normally within the range 95 to 105 Pa, but this
depends upon weather conditions.
The agreed international standard atmosphere has a pressure of 101.325 kPa (1013.25
mbar) and this reduces at the rate 0.013 kPa per metre of height above sea level and
increases at the same rate below sea level.
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Introduction to Psychrometry
Water Vapour
The water vapour is completely
independent of the dry atmospheric
gases, and its behaviour is not affected
by their presence of absence, but for any
given temperature there is a maximum
amount of vapour that can be absorbed
or associated with a given volume of air.
In addition, although the actual quantity
of water is quite small, it can have a
dramatic effect on our perception of
comfort.
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Psychrometric Chart
Air conditioners are used to condition air. AC will be used to control properties of air.
Psychrometry and psychrometric chart is vital for designing and sizing air conditioners.
There are six dimensions of parameters involved in defining an air condition. These parameters,
are inter-related between each other. Additionally, there are numerous data points from
experiments, that need to be recorded. Putting these data into a set of is possible. However, the
drawback is, air conditioner designers and contractors have to flip-and-flip-back the pages to
get necessary data.
A chart, named known as the psychrometric chart is formed, incorporating all six parameters.
Data referencing made easy. Psychrometric chart is defined as the representation of air
properties, in graphical form.
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Psychrometric chart:
(i) Humidity
Humidity is the amount of water vapor in an air sample.
There are three different ways to measure humidity: absolute humidity, relative
humidity, and specific humidity.
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Psychrometric Chart - Air Characteristics
The maximum absolute humidity of warm air at 30°C is approximately 30g of water
vapor – 30 g/m3. The maximum absolute humidity of cold air at 0°C is approximately 5g
of water vapor - 5 g/m3.
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Psychrometric Chart - Air Characteristics
temperatures greater
than 30° C will be
considered too hot,
and less than 20°C
will be considered
too cold.
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Psychometrics Processes
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Psychometrics Processes - Heating or cooling
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American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)
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Psychrometer
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