Study Material Unit IV

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ENGLISH-UNIT-IV
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Subject: English (Subject Code: P02)
Study Materials
Unit-IV - MODERN LITERATURE (1832 to the present day) contains 80 pages of

study materials and nearly 500 relevant objective type questions.
Unit-IV - MODERN LITERATURE (1832 to the present day)
DOVER BEACH
Title DOVER BEACH
Author Mathew Arnold
Birth 1822, England – The valley of Thomas
Death 1888
Post Worked as Professor in Oxford in 1857
Period Victorian Age
Introduction Touchtone method- The term used for Middle class-
Philistine
Published in In New poems - 1867

Type Lyric poem with melancholy
Theme /about Modern condition- Optimism, Spiritual discontent, Decline
of spiritual belief
High seriousness & criticism of life
He read most Bhagvad Gita. His view of culture is best described by light and
sweetness. He was the eldest son of Dr. Thomas Arnold
1. The Strayed Reveller and Other Poems - 1849
2. Empedocles on Etna and Other Poems - 1852: The poem is written on Greek
theme.
3. Poems - 1853
4. New Poems - 1867: It contains famous critical preface. It contains poems as
Dover Beach and A Summer Night. Dover Beach depicts modern conditions.
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5. The Scholar Gypsy: The poem is written on the life of Clough.

6. Culture and Anarchy – 1869. It is a series of periodical essays by
Matthew Arnold, first published in Cornhill Magazine 1867-68 and collected as
a book in 1869. The preface was added in 1875. Arnold's famous piece
of writing on culture established his High Victorian. .
7. Literature and Dogma - 1873: It deals with poetry and religion.
8. Sohrab and Rustum: It is based on a Persian theme.
9. Memorial Verse: It mourns on the death of Wordsworth, Gothe and Byron.
10. Thyrsis: It was an elegy on the death of Clough.
11. Essays on Criticism (1865 and 1889): This is his prose work contains the best of
his critical work
Religious faith was at a low ebb during this age. Charles Darwin’s theory of
evolution shacked people’s faith in Christianity, there was much industrial unrest in the
country. In the poem Dover Beach, Arnold says that true love is the only remedy for all
problems.
The scene described in the poem is the English Channel at Dover, with the
chalk-cliffs looking bright in the soft moonlight. The ‘love’ addressed in the poem is
Arnold’s newly married wife Frances Lucy Wightman with whom he visited Dover.
Dover Beach is pervaded by melancholy.
“Dover Beach” is a short lyric poem. It was first published in 1867 in the collection New
Poems.
The title, locale and subject of the poem’s descriptive opening lines is the shore
of the English ferry port of Dover, Kent, facing Calais, France, at the Strait of Dover, the
narrowest part of the English Channel, where Arnold went honeymoon with his newly
married wife Frances Lucy Wightman in 1851.

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Summary
Arnold is in his bed-room, and looking out through the window. The place Dover
Beach is very near from the French Coast. The poet asks his beloved to come to the
window and watch the beautiful scene. The waves are ebbing and flowing. This to-
and-fro movement produces a crashing noise. The poet says that there is something
sad about this sound.
Arnold compares himself with the ancient Greek dramatist Sophocles.
Sophocles a 5th-century BC Greek playwright who wrote tragedies on fate and the will
of the gods, might have stood on the Aegean coast in Greece and watched the waves
moving forwards and backwards. The ebb and flow is a symbol of human misery.
Religion having declined, a vacuum has arisen in human minds. Arnold feels
that this vacuum can be filled up only with mutual love. People are mentally pained.
They are like an army fighting one another in the dark. They kill their own friends,
mistaking them for foes. There is misunderstanding everywhere. Only sincere love can
console distraught men and women
He hears the sound of the sea as “the eternal note of sadness”. Sophocles,
would have also heard this sound.
Arnold turns to the action of the tide itself and sees in its retreat for the loss of
faith in the modern age. But now I only hear its melancholy, long, withdrawing roar. But
the poem opens with the image of beauty.
Questions asked from previous year question paper

1. Arnold’s poetry is characterized by
A) a sense of epicurean pessimism B) a note of Victorian Compromise
C) a brooding paralysis of action D) all these
2. The Dover Beach highlights the …………….. of the Nineteenth Century.

A. spiritual discontent B. infernal discontent
C. mortal discontent D. secular discontent.

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3. Arnold’s “The Dover Beach” is marked with

A) Nihilism B) Scepticism
C) Hellenism D) Optimism
4. “Ah, Love, let us be true

To one another ! for the world, which seems”
These lines are taken from Arnold’s:
(A)To Marguerite (B) Dover Beach
(C) The Scholar Gypsy (D) Palladium
Unit-IV - MODERN LITERATURE (1832 to the present day) contains 80 pages of

study materials and nearly 500 relevant objective type questions.
Course Details
OPTIONS AVAILABLE
 Regular Batch
 Week End Batch
 Online/ Virtual Classes with Printed Study materials
FEE STRUCTURE
 Coaching & Study Materials - Rs.12000/-

 Study materials only - Rs. 7000/-
The study materials set includes

English Literature as per syllabus 10 Books
Education Methodology &
Educational Psychology 10 units 1 Book
General Knowledge 10 units 1 book
Practice question Papers 30 sets (Each 150 questions)
Previous years question paper 8 sets
Model Exam questions set 3 sets

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LOTUS VIDYALAYA- MADURAI -9344108030-TRB

Teachers Recruitment Board

Unit-IV - MODERN LITERATURE (1832 to the present day) contains 80 pages of

Unit-IV - MODERN LITERATURE (1832 to the present day)

Published in In New poems - 1867

1 LOTUS VIDYALAYA- MADURAI -9344108030-TRB

5. The Scholar Gypsy: The poem is written on the life of Clough.

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Questions asked from previous year question paper

2. The Dover Beach highlights the …………….. of the Nineteenth Century.

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3. Arnold’s “The Dover Beach” is marked with

4. “Ah, Love, let us be true

Unit-IV - MODERN LITERATURE (1832 to the present day) contains 80 pages of

 Coaching & Study Materials - Rs.12000/-

The study materials set includes

4 LOTUS VIDYALAYA- MADURAI -9344108030-TRB

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