1.design IoT PDF
1.design IoT PDF
1.design IoT PDF
Design Expectations
• Fulfil all operational requirements
• Simplicity
• Usability and Flexibility
• Secure
• Easy upgrade
Design Thinking
• Empathise
• Define (the problem)
• Ideate
• Prototype
• Test
IoT Design Methodology
Purpose & Requirements
Define Purpose & Requirements of IoT system
Decision Box
State
Process Diagram
Mode
Auto Manual
Light-level Light-state
Active Digital
Human User
Artefact
App
Invokes/subscribes
Room Room
Service associated with
associated with
Virtual Entry relates to Physical Entity
exposes Appliance Appliance
acts on
Resource associated with
hosts Device
Minicomputer
attached to attached to Type
Network OnDevice
Resource Resource Object
Sensor Actuator
LDR Relay Type: Entity, service, resource
One way Association
Object : device, attribute
Generalization/Specification
Aggregation Relationship
Information Model
• Defines the structure of all the information in IoT system
• Attributes of virtual entities
• Relation etc.
• Does not describes how information is represented or stored
• Adds more details to the Virtual Entities by defining their attributes
and relations
• In the given example …………….
Information Model
EntityType:Room EntityType:Appliance
EntityType:Room
ID:Room1 ID:Light1
ID:Room1
RoomID:Room1
Attribute:
Light-level Attribute:state
Light-level Light-State
Attribute:
Attribute:state
Light-level
AttributeName: lightlevel AttributeName:lightState
AttributeType: level AttributeType:state
has schedule
Mode: Auto/Manual Interval:
has input
State: On/Off Every 5 sec
Service
Name: Controller
Type: Native
has output
Output
State: On/Off
Output
Current Mode:
has output
Auto/Manual
Service
Name: Mode
Type: Rest
has input
has service Endpoint
Input
Endpoint
Service
Name: State
Type: Rest
has input
has service Endpoint
Input
Endpoint
State:On/Off Endpoint:/home/State/
Protocol:HTTP
Deployment Design of home automation IoT System Local Cloud
App
REST
services
Database
Controller Service
Resources
Device
Monitoring Node
performs analysis, stores data
IoT Level Specification
• Which level of design
• The given example is Level -1
Functional View
• Defines various functional groups of IoT System
• Device Group : All the devices - Single board mini computer, light
sensor, relay switch
• Communication Group : Handles all the communications of IoT
System like
• REST API (with HTTP) for exchange of data over network ( at application layer)
• TCP at transport layer
• IPV4 (at network layer)
• 802.11 at Link layer
Application Layer
HTTP CoAP WebSockets
Transport Layer
TCP UDP
Network Layer
Link Layer
802.3-Ethernet 802.16-WiMax 2G/3G/LTE-
Cellular
802.11-WiFi 802.15.4-LR-WPAN
Function Groups Continued..
• Services Group :
• Two REST services (Mode and State service)
• One native service (Controller service)
• Management : In the given example Database maps to this FG
• Security : All security protocols and procedures
What next ?
Read Sensor
Store Value
Wait
User
Active Digital
Human User
Artefact
App
Invokes/subscribes
Environment Environment
Service associated with
exposes
hosts
Device
Minicomputer
attached to attached to
Network OnDevice
Resource Resource Sensor Sensor Sensor
Sensor
Temperature Pressure Humidity
Light Sensor
One way Association Sensor sensor Sensor
Generalization/Specification
Aggregation Relationship
Virtual Entity:
Environment
EntityType:
Environment
Read Sensor
Store Value
Wait
Information Model
Virtual Entity:
Environment
EntityType:
Environment
Controller Service: Runs as a native service on the device. Gets the current temperature,
pressure, humidity and light readings and sends to the cloud database.
Service
Name: Controller
Type: Native
Output Schedule
Temperature Interval
Pressure Every 15 sec
Humidity
Light
Local Cloud
Observer
Node App Observer
REST Node
Communication
Resource Resource
Database
Device Device