Erice Vs Sison
Erice Vs Sison
Erice Vs Sison
FACTS:
Complainant Erice, then Vice Mayor of Caloocan City, filed a complaint against then Mayor Enrico R. Echiverri, et al
before the Office of the Ombudsman, for alleged violation of the Government Service Insurance System Act. 4
The Ombudsman issued an Order5 of Preventive Suspension (Order of Suspension) on July 18, 2011 against
Echiverri, et al.,
Aggrieved by the Order of Suspension, Echiverri, et al. went to the Court of Appeals (CA). CA affirmed the
Ombudsman decision.
Echiverri, et al. filed a Petition for Declaratory Relief with Prayer for TRO and/or Writ of Preliminary Injunction 9 with
the RTC of Caloocan City, Echiverri, et al. prayed that the RTC "make a definite judicial declaration on the rights and
obligations of the parties asserting adverse legal interests with respect to the implementation of [their]
suspension."
On even date, RTC Executive Judge Eleanor R. Kwong issued a 72- hour ex-parte Order to enjoin the DILG and Erice
from implementing the Order of Suspension.
On January 11, Judge Sison noted that the 72-hour TRO of the Order of Suspension would be expiring the next day
and that the parties ought to finish with the presentation of evidence before noon of January 12, 2012. Counsel for
the DILG informed Judge Sison that the OSG was not informed that the summary hearing. Nevertheless, Judge
Sison proceeded with the hearing and allowed Echiverri, et al. to present their evidence until 5:00 p.m. that day.17
The OSG invoked its right to cross-examine the witnesses earlier presented by Echiverri, et al. but Judge Sison
denied the same.
With this, Erice filed a case of (i) gross misconduct constituting violations of the Code of Judicial Conduct, (ii)
knowingly rendering an unjust judgment or order as determined by a competent court in an appropriate
proceeding, and (iii) gross ignorance of the law or procedure against Judge Sison.
ISSUE:
Whether or not the case be a valid subject matter for Declaratory relief
RULING:
No.
In any event, Judge Sison should have, at the very least, been aware that court orders or decisions cannot be the
subject matter of a petition for declaratory relief.47 They are not included within the purview of the words "other
written instrument"48 in Rule 6349 of the Rules of Court governing petitions for declaratory relief. The same
principle applies to orders, resolutions, or decisions of quasi-judicial bodies,50 and this is anchored on the
principle ofresjudicata.51 Consequently, a judgment rendered by a court or a quasi-judicial body is conclusive on
the parties, subject only to appellate authority.52 The losing party cannot modify or escape the effects of judgment
under the guise of an action for declaratory relief.53
Here, Echiverri, et al.'s Petition for Declaratory Relief specifically prayed that the RTC "make a definite judicial
declaration on the rights and obligations of the parties asserting adverse legal interests with respect to the
implementation of the [order of] preventive suspension,"54 effectively putting into question the CA-affirmed
Ombudsman Order of Suspension - a matter clearly beyond the ambit of the RTC's jurisdiction. This, coupled with
the deference to the basic precepts of jurisdiction required of judges, leads to no other conclusion than that Judge
Sison acted in gross ignorance of the law in proceeding with the issuance of the writ of preliminary
injunction.1âwphi1