Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 50 views

    Tutorial 2: System Dynamics and Process Structures

    Uploaded by

    ggleichgesinnten
    This document discusses system dynamics and process structures. It provides three examples: 1) Analyzing temperature response data to understand physical processes like dead time and order. 2) Determining the process structure, drawing a block diagram, and qualitatively describing models for a system with multiple connected processes. 3) Deriving and analyzing the dynamic response of a system with two continuously stirred tank reactors in series with recycle, including deriving transfer functions and comparing response with and without recycle.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Tutorial 2: System Dynamics and Process Structures

    Uploaded by

    ggleichgesinnten
    50 views4 pages
    This document discusses system dynamics and process structures. It provides three examples: 1) Analyzing temperature response data to understand physical processes like dead time and order. 2) Determining the process structure, drawing a block diagram, and qualitatively describing models for a system with multiple connected processes. 3) Deriving and analyzing the dynamic response of a system with two continuously stirred tank reactors in series with recycle, including deriving transfer functions and comparing response with and without recycle.

    Original Title

    Tutorial 2

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses system dynamics and process structures. It provides three examples: 1) Analyzing temperature response data to understand physical processes like dead time and order. 2) Determining the process structure, drawing a block diagram, and qualitatively describing models for a system with multiple connected processes. 3) Deriving and analyzing the dynamic response of a system with two continuously stirred tank reactors in series with recycle, including deriving transfer functions and comparing response with and without recycle.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    50 views4 pages

    Tutorial 2: System Dynamics and Process Structures

    Uploaded by

    ggleichgesinnten
    This document discusses system dynamics and process structures. It provides three examples: 1) Analyzing temperature response data to understand physical processes like dead time and order. 2) Determining the process structure, drawing a block diagram, and qualitatively describing models for a system with multiple connected processes. 3) Deriving and analyzing the dynamic response of a system with two continuously stirred tank reactors in series with recycle, including deriving transfer functions and comparing response with and without recycle.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    Tutorial 2: System Dynamics and Process Structures

    1. The following graphs have been obtained by making a step to the valve opening and observing
    the temperature response. From the results of this experiment, describe the physical processes
    involved (dead time, system order, etc.)

    2. The following diagram shows several processes being connected into the following process
    structure.

    a. Determine the process structure of this system.


    b. Draw the block diagram of this system.
    c. The models of each process are given as follows:

    where G1(s) is the dynamic model of the tank, G 2(s) is the model of reactor, G3(s) is the
    intermediate product composition and G 4(s) is the final product composition models.
    Qualitatively, describe the dynamic models of the system.
    3. Two stirred tank reactors in series with recycle are shown in the following figure. Each reactor is
    perfectly mixed and the temperature is constant. The reactor volumes, V1 and V2, are constant and
    so is the density of the reacting mixture. The flow into the first reactor, f0, and the recycle flow, fR,
    are constant. The dynamic response of the two reactors is represented by the following
    differential equations:
    dc A 1 (t )
    f 0 c A 0 (t )+f R c A 2 (t )−V 1 k 1 c A 1 (t )−f R c A 1 (t )=V 1
    Reactor 1: dt
    dc A 2 (t )
    f 1 c A 1 (t )−V 2 k 2 c A 2 (t )−f 0 c A 2 (t )−f R c A 2 (t )=V 2
    Reactor 2: dt
    where cA0(t), cA1(t) and cA2(t) = concentration of reactant A, lbmole/ft3, at the feed,
    outlet from reactor 1 and outlet from reactor 2

    k1 and k2 = positive, constant reaction rate coefficient in reactors 1 and 2


    respectively

    Feed
    V1 V2
    f0 f1
    cA0(t) cA1(t) cA2(t)

    Recycle flow

    fR
    a. Laplace-transform the two equations. Re-arrange the results to obtain the gains and time
    constants of the process in terms of V1, V2, f0, fR, f1, k1 and k2. (Laplace transform table is
    available in APPENDIX 1)
    b. Draw a block diagram of the system, clearly labeled to show the relationship between all the
    concentration variables. Let block G1 indicate input-output behavior of the first reactor, G 2 as
    the input-output behavior of the second reactor and G 3 as the behavior of the outlet from
    second reactor being fed back to the first reactor.
    c. Using the block diagram, obtain the overall transfer function CA2(s)/CA0(s).
    5
    G1 = , G = 2.7 , G3 = 0.3.
    d. The transfer function of the block are: 11s+3 2
    Analyze the differences of the dynamic response of the system when it undergoes recycle and
    without recycle processes.
    APPENDIX 1: LAPLACE TRANSFORMS

    Theorem Time Domain s-domain


    Properties
    ∞ −st (t) 1
    Definition L [ f (t )]=F( s)=∫0− f (t )e dt
    1 σ + j∞ (t-kN) e-kNs
    Inverse L−1 [ F( s)]=f (t )= ∫ F (s)est ds
    2πj σ− j∞
    L [ kf (t )]=kF( s) us(t) 1
    Linearity theorem s
    L [ f 1 (t )+ f 2 (t )]=F1 (s )+ F 2 (s ) t 1
    Linearity theorem
    s2
    −at t2 2
    Frequency shift L [e f (t )]=F (s+a )
    s3
    theorem

    L [ f (t−T )]=e
    −sT
    F ( s) tn n!
    Time shift
    theorem s n+1

    1 s e-at 1
    Scaling theorem L [ f (at )]= F
    a a () s+ a
    df 1 - e-at a
    Differentiation
    theorem
    L [ ]
    dt
    =sF ( s )−f (0− ) s(s+a)

    te-at 1
    d2 f
    Differentiation
    theorem
    L
    [ ]
    dt 2
    '
    = s 2 F ( s )−sf (0− )−f (0− ) (s +a )2

    n t2e-at 2
    dn f
    Differentiation
    theorem
    L
    [ ]
    dt n
    =s n F( s )− ∑ s n−k f k −1 (0− )
    k =1
    (s +a )3

    t F( s ) cost s
    Integration
    theorem
    L [∫ 0− ]
    f (τ )dτ =
    s s +ω 2
    2

    Final value f (∞ )=lim sF (s ) sint ω


    s→0 s 2 +ω 2
    theorem

    Initial value
    +
    f (0 )=lim sF ( s ) e-at cost s+ a
    s→∞
    (s +a )2 +ω 2
    theorem
    e-at sint ω
    (s +a )2 +ω 2
    e-at cos(t) cos θ( s+ a)+ω sinθ
    ( s+ a)2 + ω2

    You might also like