Assignment-2 Questions
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f20212587Assignment-2 Questions
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f20212587PROCESS DYNAMICS AND CONTROL
Assignment – 2
(Due on 25.04.2021)
Dynamic Response of First and Second Order Systems
1. Derive the transfer function H’(s)/Q’(s) for the liquid-level system shown below
when
(a) The tank level operates about the steady-state value of hs= 1 ft
(b) The tank level operates about the steady-state value of hs= 3 ft
The pump removes water at a constant rate of 10 cfm (cubic feet per minute); this
rate is independent of head. The cross-sectional area of the tank is 1.0 ft2, and the
resistance R is 0.5 ft/cfm.
2. Consider the stirred-tank reactor shown below
The reaction occurring is A → B and it proceeds at a rate r= kCo
Where, r = (moles A reacting)/(volume)(time)
k = reaction rate constant
Co(t) = concentration of A in reactor at any time t (mol A /volume)
V = volume of mixture in reactor
Further, let
F = constant feed rate, volume/time
Ci(t) = concentration of A in feed stream, moles/volume
Assuming constant density and constant volume V, derive the transfer function
relating the concentration in the reactor to the feed-stream concentration. Prepare
a block diagram for the reactor. Sketch the response of the reactor to a unit-step
change in Ci.
3. (a) Find the transfer functions H2/Q and H3/Q for the three-tank system shown
below:
Where H2, H3, and Q are deviation variables. Tank 1 and tank 2 are interacting.
(b) For a unit-step change in q (that is, Q = 1/ s), determine H3(0) and H3(), and
sketch H3(t) versus t.
4. Design a mercury manometer (i.e., find its length and diameter) that will
measure pressures up to 2 atm absolute and will give responses that are slightly
underdamped (that is, zeta = 0.7). Specific gravity of mercury is 13.6 and its
viscosity is 1.526 cP.
Length must be sufficient to allow a steady state deflection corresponding to 2 atm
(i.e., 152 cm Hg) plus enough additional length (around 30 cm) to allow for the
bottom of the "U" shape, plus more to allow for the transient overshoot (assume to
be 10% of steady state deflection).
5. The two-tank system shown below is operating at steady state. At time t = 0, 10
ft3 of water is quickly added to the first tank. Using appropriate figures and
equations, determine the maximum deviation in level (feet) in both tanks from the
ultimate steady-state values and the time at which each maximum occurs.
Data:
A1 = A2 = 10 ft2
R1 = 0.1 ft/cfm
R2 = 0.35 ft/cfm
6. Determine y(0), y(0.6) and y() if
a) Using analytical method
b) Using SIMULINK (show the SIMULINK block diagram and the figure)
c) Using MATLAB command ‘ilaplace’ and ‘ezplot’.
7. Starting from the following equation for second-order underdamped response,
derive the time to first peak (tp).
1 2 1 2
t /
y(t ) KM 1 e cos( t) sin( t)
1 2
8. For the process described by the exact transfer function
(a) Find an approximate transfer function of second-order-plus-time-delay form
that describes this process.
(b) Simulate (using SIMULINK) and plot the response y(t) of both the approximate
model and the exact model on the same graph for a unit step change in input x(t).
(Attach the printout of Simulink model and the Plot).
(c) What is the maximum error between the two responses? Where does it occur?
9. The control system shown in Fig. Q.9 contains a PID controller.
10. In the control system shown in Fig. Q.10, find the value of Kc for which the
system is on the verge instability. The controller is replaced by a PD controller, for
which the transfer function is Kc (D s +1). If Kc = 10, determine the range of D ,
for which the system is stable. Use Routh Array and Root locus methods.
Figure Q.10.
N.B.: Please submit your Assignment in A4 size white project/practical
sheets (handwritten by you – scan and upload). Marks will be deducted for
late submission.
