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    Tennessee Williams

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    fmassiah20
    Tennessee Williams was an American playwright born in 1911 in Mississippi. He had a turbulent family life that influenced his writing. He studied at the University of Missouri and the University of Iowa, and began writing plays in the late 1930s. His breakthrough play was The Glass Menagerie in 1944, which drew from his own life experiences. Williams went on to write many successful plays that explored themes of alienation, desire, and social pressures, such as A Streetcar Named Desire and Cat on a Hot Tin Roof. He struggled with depression and addiction for much of his life and died in 1983.

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    Tennessee Williams

    Uploaded by

    fmassiah20
    223 views4 pages
    Tennessee Williams was an American playwright born in 1911 in Mississippi. He had a turbulent family life that influenced his writing. He studied at the University of Missouri and the University of Iowa, and began writing plays in the late 1930s. His breakthrough play was The Glass Menagerie in 1944, which drew from his own life experiences. Williams went on to write many successful plays that explored themes of alienation, desire, and social pressures, such as A Streetcar Named Desire and Cat on a Hot Tin Roof. He struggled with depression and addiction for much of his life and died in 1983.

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    Tennessee Williams was an American playwright born in 1911 in Mississippi. He had a turbulent family life that influenced his writing. He studied at the University of Missouri and the University of Iowa, and began writing plays in the late 1930s. His breakthrough play was The Glass Menagerie in 1944, which drew from his own life experiences. Williams went on to write many successful plays that explored themes of alienation, desire, and social pressures, such as A Streetcar Named Desire and Cat on a Hot Tin Roof. He struggled with depression and addiction for much of his life and died in 1983.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    223 views4 pages

    Tennessee Williams

    Uploaded by

    fmassiah20
    Tennessee Williams was an American playwright born in 1911 in Mississippi. He had a turbulent family life that influenced his writing. He studied at the University of Missouri and the University of Iowa, and began writing plays in the late 1930s. His breakthrough play was The Glass Menagerie in 1944, which drew from his own life experiences. Williams went on to write many successful plays that explored themes of alienation, desire, and social pressures, such as A Streetcar Named Desire and Cat on a Hot Tin Roof. He struggled with depression and addiction for much of his life and died in 1983.

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    Tennessee Williams and Charlotte Bronte were both renowned playwrights and authors. Williams drew inspiration from his own life experiences for his plays, while Bronte faced hardship early in life at a strict boarding school.

    Williams got his first taste of literary fame in an essay contest and saw a production of Ibsen's Ghosts in college, inspiring him to become a playwright. He also drew from his experiences working at a shoe factory with a man named Stanley Kowalski, who later inspired the character in A Streetcar Named Desire.

    Charlotte Bronte and her sisters Maria and Elizabeth attended the harsh Clergy Daughters' School at Cowan Bridge as children. There they suffered poor conditions, cold, and poor food. Her sisters both died of consumption there, affecting Charlotte greatly.

    Tennessee Williams

    Thomas Lanier Williams was born on March 26, 1911 in


    Columbus, Mississippi. The second of three children, his family
    life was full of tension. His parents, a shoe salesman and the
    daughter of a minister, often engaged in violent arguments that
    frightened his sister Rose.

    In 1927, Williams got his first taste of literary fame when he took
    third place in a national essay contest sponsored by The Smart Set
    magazine. In 1929, he was admitted to the University of Missouri
    where he saw a production of Henrik Ibsen's Ghosts and decided to
    become a playwright. But his degree was interrupted when his
    father forced him to withdraw from college and work at the International Shoe
    Company. There he worked with a young man named Stanley Kowalski who would
    later resurface as a character in A Streetcar Named Desire.

    Eventually, Tom returned to school. In 1937, he had two of his plays (Candles to the
    Sun and The Fugitive Kind) produced by Mummers of St. Louis, and in 1938, he
    graduated from the University of Iowa. After failing to find work in Chicago, he
    moved to New Orleans and changed his name from "Tom" to "Tennessee" which was
    the state of his father's birth.

    In 1939, the young playwright received a $1,000 Rockefeller Grant, and a year later,
    Battle of Angels was produced in Boston. In 1944, what many consider to be his best
    play, The Glass Menagerie, had a very successful run in Chicago and a year later burst
    its way onto Broadway. The play tells the story of Tom, his disabled sister, Laura, and
    their controlling mother Amanda who tries to make a match between Laura and the
    gentleman caller. Many people believe that Tennessee used his own familial
    relationships as inspiration for the play. His own mother, who is often compared to the
    controlling Amanda, allowed doctors to perform a frontal lobotomy on Tennessee's
    sister Rose, an event that greatly disturbed Williams who cared for Rose throughout
    much of her adult life. Elia Kazan (who directed many of Williams' greatests
    successes) said of Tennessee: "Everything in his life is in his plays, and everything in
    his plays is in his life." The Glass Menagerie won the New York Drama Critics' Circle
    Award for best play of the season.

    Williams followed up his first major critical success with several other Broadway hits
    including such plays as A Streetcar Named Desire, Summer and Smoke, A Rose
    Tattoo, and Camino Real. He received his first Pulitzer Prize in 1948 for A Streetcar
    Named Desire, and reached an even larger world-wide audience in 1950 and 1951
    when The Glass Menagerie and A Streetcar Named Desire were made into major
    motion pictures. Later plays which were also made into motion pictures include Cat
    on a Hot Tin Roof (for which he earned a second Pulitzer Prize in 1955), Orpheus
    Descending, and Night of the Iguana.

    Tennessee Williams met and fell in love with Frank Merlo in 1947 while living in
    New Orleans. Merlo, a second generation Sicilian American who had served in the
    U.S. Navy in World War II, was a steadying influence in Williams' chaotic life. But in
    1961, Merlo died of Lung Cancer and the playwright went into a deep depression that
    lasted for ten years. In fact, Williams struggled with depression throughout most of his
    life and lived with the constant fear that he would go insane as did his sister Rose. For
    much of this period, he battled addictions to prescription drugs and alcohol.

    On February 24, 1983, Tennessee Williams choked to death on a bottle cap at his New
    York City residence at the Hotel Elysee. He is buried in St. Louis, Missouri. In
    addition to twenty-five full length plays, Williams produced dozens of short plays and
    screenplays, two novels, a novella, sixty short stories, over one-hundred poems and an
    autobiography. Among his many awards, he won two Pulitzer Prizes and four New
    York Drama Critics' Circle Awards.

    http://www.imagi-nation.com/moonstruck/clsc9.htm
    Biography - Charlotte Bronte

    Charlotte Bronte was born on April 21st 1816 at Thornton,


    Bradford in Yorkshire, third child of the six Bronte children. In
    1821 her mother dies of cancer. In 1824 she attended the
    newly opened Clergy Daughters' School at Cowan Bridge.
    While there with her sisters Maria, Elizabeth and Emily they
    suffer the harsh regime, cold and poor food. In June 1825
    Charlotte and her sisters were finally taken away from the school for good. Her
    two eldest sisters, Maria and Elizabeth died of consumption; the poor conditions
    while at the school were largely to blame. The experience of Cowan Bridge and
    the loss of her sisters had an affect on Charlotte.

    In 1829 Charlotte begins to write stories: The Search After Happiness, History
    of the Year, are some of the titles. She also works on stories with Branwell,
    such as the Angrian and Glasstown sagas.

    In January 1831 she enrolled at Roe Head where she met Ellen Nussey who
    becomes a life-long friend. In June 1832 she completed her education at Roe
    Head and in July 1835 returned as a teacher. She resigned in May 1838 and
    returned to Haworth.

    In February 1842 Charlotte and Emily left Haworth for the Pensionnat Heger at
    Brussels. While there they learnt French, German and Music. In January 1843
    Charlotte returned to Brussels to teach English. In January 1844 Charlotte left
    Brussels returning to Haworth. An unsuccessful attempt is made to start a
    school.

    In May 1846 under the Pseudonym of Currer Ellis and Acton Bell, a book of
    Poems was published, Charlotte contributed 19 poems. She tries to have her
    novel the Professor published without success. In August she began to write the
    novel Jane Eyre. October 1847 Jane Eyre is published and quickly becomes a
    bestseller. October 1849 Shirley is published, January 1853 Villette is published.

    June 29th 1854 Charlotte Bronte marries A.B Nicholls; certificate here... March
    31st 1855 Charlotte Bronte dies. April 4th 1855 Charlotte Bronte is laid to rest
    in the family vault at Haworth church.

    In March 1857 "The Life of Charlotte Bronte" by Elizabeth Gaskell is published.


    In June Charlotte Bronte's novel Shirley is published.

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