Datamaster DMT Breath Test Operator Training Course Manual

DMT OPERATOR TRAINING MANUAL
Minnesota Department of Public Safety

Bureau of Criminal Apprehension
Forensic Science Services
Breath Alcohol Calibration Laboratory
DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 ii
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DATAMASTER DMT BREATH TEST OPERATOR
TRAINING COURSE MANUAL
Version 4.0
September 3, 2019
Minnesota Department of Public Safety

Bureau of Criminal Apprehension
Forensic Science Services
Breath Alcohol Calibration Laboratory
1430 Maryland Avenue East
St. Paul, Minnesota 55106
(651) 793-2777
Written and instructed by:

(Listed alphabetically)
Hannah Clamons - Forensic Scientist

Karin Kierzek - Forensic Scientist
Aaron Olson - Forensic Scientist
Shauna Richardson – Forensic Scientist
DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 iii

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DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 iv
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
General Course Information .......................................................................................................................................................... 1
Concepts of Alcohol Testing .......................................................................................................................................................... 7
DMT ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 17
Dry Gas ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 25
Touch Screen Menu ..................................................................................................................................................................... 29
ID TECH Keyboard and Integrated Barcode Reader ....................................................................................................................... 39
Hewlett Packard LaserJet P1606dn ............................................................................................................................................... 43
Testing with the DMT .................................................................................................................................................................. 47
Status Messages .......................................................................................................................................................................... 57
Sample Test Records .................................................................................................................................................................... 61
DMT Training Practice Laboratory ................................................................................................................................................ 73
Pharmacology and Toxicology of Alcohol ..................................................................................................................................... 87
Widmark Formula ........................................................................................................................................................................ 97
Definitions ................................................................................................................................................................................. 105
Portable Breath Test (PBT) Instruments ..................................................................................................................................... 111
Appendices ................................................................................................................................................................................ 127
DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 v

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DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 vi
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General Course Information
DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 1

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Instructor _____________________________
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Introduction
Handouts supplement the material taught by the staff of the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal
Apprehension (BCA) Forensic Science Services Breath Alcohol Calibration Laboratory and are
intended only as an aide to training. They do not contain the complete content of the course nor are
they an authoritative statement of Minnesota statute, rule, regulation, policy or procedure. Every effort
has been made to provide correct information at the time of writing.
Required P.O.S.T Statement
The BCA is a continuing education sponsor approved by the Board of Peace Officer Standards
and Training (P.O.S.T). Peace officers who successfully complete this course will receive continuing
education credits toward their P.O.S.T. license renewal. Operator training for new operators, as a basic
course, constitutes twenty one (21) hours of approved continuing education credit.
The BCA endeavors to provide training in an environment free of discrimination or prejudice.

Discriminatory or prejudicial acts or comments by faculty members, staff or students will not be
tolerated. Complaints of inappropriate behavior based on race, gender, creed, age, color, religion,
national origin or marital status may be communicated in any form to any representative of the BCA.
All complaints received will be handled in accordance with BCA policy.
Class credit and fee
If you need to leave because of a business or personal emergency, please let a course instructor
know. You must attend 90% of the course to receive P.O.S.T. credit. Your department will be charged
the full registration fee if your absence is not cleared with an instructor.
Maintenance
All DMT maintenance must be performed or authorized by the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal
Apprehension Forensic Science Services Breath Alcohol Calibration Laboratory. Any unauthorized
repairs could invalidate all subsequent subject tests. Any instrument problem should be brought to the
immediate attention of the Bureau of Criminal Apprehension Forensic Science Services Breath Alcohol
Calibration Laboratory.
Operator Requirements
1. Minnesota DMT operators are required to attend and satisfactorily complete the Bureau of Criminal
Apprehension Breath Test Operator course. During the course the student will run tests, prepare
breath test documentation for court, and learn the theory and background of breath testing
sufficiently for competent court testimony. To complete the course the student must obtain a
minimum written exam score of 70% and a minimum lab exam score of 90%.
2. To maintain an active certification, an operator must take a recertification course periodically as

instructed by the BCA and achieve a passing grade on the final exam.

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Summary
The Breath Test Operator training program has been developed to assist with enforcement of DWI
statutes. The DMT test procedure and operator requirements are the result of the experiences of the
Bureau of Criminal Apprehension Forensic Science Services Breath Alcohol Calibration Laboratory and
the recommendations of the National Safety Council’s Committee on Alcohol and Other Drugs. The
high standards placed on operators and instruments in Minnesota have established the DMT as an
accurate and impartial test for alcohol concentration. It is imperative that this quality be maintained.
Bureau of Criminal Apprehension and Laboratory Rules
1. 1430 Maryland is a smoke free building. Smoking is permitted only outside the building.
2. Side arms are prohibited in class whenever alcohol is being consumed. Lockers are provided for
their storage.
3. Clean up spilled liquids promptly and properly. Notify an instructor immediately of any spill.
4. Return all materials to their proper storage areas at the conclusion of their use. Dispose of all refuse
properly. Containers for recycling are provided. Please use them for cans, bottles and paper.
5. Keep all working areas clean and neat.
Policy on Breath Test Students Who Have a Positive Alcohol Concentration Outside of the
Controlled Drinking Session
At any time during a Breath Test class, other than a controlled drinking session, if a student is
found to have alcohol in their system (as tested by PBT or DMT-G), the following will occur:
 Breath Alcohol Calibration Laboratory staff will immediately notify Supervisor and Directors
who will ensure that:
 Student is removed from class and not allowed to drive regardless of alcohol concentration.
 The law enforcement agency that employs the student will be contacted and attempts to
speak with a direct supervisor will be made.
 An appropriate response will be agreed upon between agency and BCA.

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DMT Certification Course Schedule
Day 1: Tuesday Day 2: Wednesday Day 3: Thursday

8:00
Course Orientation
Status Codes Legal Aspects
8:30
Concepts of Alcohol
9:00 Testing
9:30
Lab Mock Trials
10:00
DMT Inside and Out
10:30
11:00
Pharmacology and
Ancillary Equipment Quiz and Review
11:30 Toxicology of Alcohol
12:00
Lunch Lunch
12:30 Lunch and Drinking
Session
1:00
Observation Period
eCharging
1:30
Minnesota Test
2:00 Sequence
Course Review
2:30 Testing of Drinking
Introductory Lab
Subjects
3:00
Widmark Theory Written and Lab Finals

3:30

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Concepts of Alcohol Testing

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Instructor _____________________________

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Chemistry of Alcohol
H H H
C = Carbon | | |
H = Hydrogen H --- C ---C --- OH H --- C --- OH
O = Oxygen | | |
H H H
Ethyl alcohol Methyl alcohol
H OH H OH H H O H
| | | | | | || |
H --- C --- C --- C --- H H --- C --- C --- H H --- C --- C --- C --- H
| | | | | | | |
H H H H OH H H H
Isopropyl alcohol Ethylene Glycol Acetone
Ethyl alcohol, a simple organic compound, is composed of two carbon atoms, five hydrogen atoms
and a hydroxyl group (C2H5OH). A hydroxyl group (OH) is an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom
bound together, and is common to all alcohols. Ethanol is the alcohol which is contained in all alcoholic
beverages. The first byproduct of ethanol is acetaldehyde, followed by ethanoic acid, commonly known
as acetic acid or vinegar. Ethyl alcohol is also known as ethanol, alcohol, grain alcohol, neutral spirits
and spirit of wine. The term alcohol is from the Arabic word AL-KOHL. Ethyl alcohol is a clear,
colorless, volatile liquid with a slight characteristic odor, which is detectable at 10 parts per million
(PPM) in air and becomes disagreeable at around 500 PPM. It mixes well with water. It is flammable
and considered a hazardous material. Boiling point = 78.5° C (173.3° F) freezing point = -114.1° C (-
173.4° F). The density is .791 @ 20° C and .787 @ 25° C (water = 1). The vapor density is equal to
1.6 (air = 1).
Methyl alcohol, also called methanol or wood alcohol, contains one carbon atom, three hydrogen
atoms and a hydroxyl group (CH3OH). Methanol is extremely toxic to the human body. The metabolic
byproducts of methanol are the reason for its toxicity. The first byproduct is methaldehyde, commonly
known as formaldehyde. The body converts this to formic acid. Formic acid will dissolve the rods and
cones in the retina resulting in vision impairment or blindness. Formic acid unchecked results in death
by causing the kidneys to cease functioning.
Isopropyl alcohol, also called isopropanol or rubbing alcohol, contains three carbon atoms, seven
hydrogen atoms and a hydroxyl group (CH3CHOHCH3). The body converts Isopropanol into acetone.
Ethylene Glycol, commonly called anti-freeze, contains two carbon atoms, four hydrogen atoms and
two hydroxyl groups.
Acetone, contained in fingernail polish remover, contains three carbon atoms, seven hydrogen
atoms and one oxygen atom. While acetone is not an alcohol, acetone vapors may be present in the
breath of diabetics, dieters or highly exercised individuals. The presence of acetone is recognized by

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the IR filters and fuel cells do not react with acetone. The DMT will treat the presence of acetone on
the breath as an Interference.
Beverage Labeling
The following are different means of measuring how much alcohol is contained in an alcohol beverage.
Percent by volume
Percent by Volume is the most common expression of a beverage’s alcohol concentration. All
distilled beverages list their alcohol concentration under the term Percent by Volume. To
determine the Percent by Volume, take the volume of pure ethyl alcohol divided by the total
volume of the alcoholic beverage multiplied by 100.
Volume of Pure Ethyl Alcohol x 100% = Percent by Volume

Total Volume
Percent by weight
Percent by Weight is the weight of pure ethyl alcohol divided by the total weight of the alcoholic
beverage multiplied by 100.
Weight of Pure Ethyl Alcohol x 100% = Percent by Weight

Total Weight
Proof
In the United States, all distilled beverages list their alcohol concentration under the term proof.
Before scientific methods, beverage strength was measured by mixing equal amounts of spirit
and gunpowder. When ignited, if the mixture did not burn it was too weak. If it burned too rapidly
it was too strong. If it produced an even blue flame it was proved. This concentration is now
known to be about 50 percent alcohol.
Proof is twice the percent of ethyl alcohol by volume. Therefore, pure (100%) ethyl alcohol is
200 proof; 50% alcohol by volume distillates are 100 proof and 40% alcohol by volume distillates
are 80 proof.
Percent by Volume x 2 = Proof
Alcohol Production
Fermentation
Ethyl alcohol is produced naturally through the process of fermentation of sugar or starch by
yeast. Fermentation is the only process by which beer and wine are produced, and it is the first
step in the product of distilled spirits. Because natural, common yeast cannot survive in high
levels of alcohol, fermentation stops at about 14% ethyl alcohol by volume.

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Distillation
Ethyl alcohol is traditionally concentrated through distillation. This is accomplished by heating

the fermented mixture (mash) to evaporate the alcohol. The type of grain or cereal used in the
mash along with the manner of processing determines the type of beverage produced. The
vapors from the heated mash are collected and cooled to form a liquid. The liquid distillate
portion contains the ethanol plus some water and flavorings. Simple distillation can generate
95% ethyl alcohol by volume. Pure 100% ethyl alcohol is produced by dehydration of the 95%
distillate.
Fortification
Fortification is the process of increasing the alcohol concentration of a fermented beverage by

adding alcohol distillate. It is used primarily to produce sweet dessert wines such as Port,
Sherry, and Madeira.
The names, sources and approximate alcoholic content of various beverages
Process Beverage Raw Material Percent by Volume

Beers and Ales Cereals 2.3 – 6.0
Ciders Apples 8.0 – 10.0
Fermentation Wines Grapes 9.0 – 14.0
Wine and Malt Wine or beer 4.0 – 7.0
Coolers
Whiskey Beer 40.0 – 55.0

Rum Molasses 40.0 – 75.5
Distillation Brandy Wine 40.0 – 55.0
Vodka Neutral Spirits 40.0 – 55.0
Gin Grain 35.0 – 50.0
Fortification Sherry, Port, Madeira Grapes 17.0 – 22.0
Congeners
After the distillate is collected it is commonly placed in charred wooden barrels for aging. During
the aging process certain chemicals are leached from the wood and dissolved in the distillate.
These compounds are called congeners. Congeners are responsible for the variable taste, aroma
and color of different beverages. Congeners can also be responsible for hangover potential.

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Analytical Techniques for Measuring Alcohol Concentration in Breath
Chemical / Photoelectric Devices
A sample of breath passes through crystals or a solution that contains a colored chemical
substance. The substance reacts with alcohol to produce a color change that can be measured.
The intensity of the color change reflects the amount of alcohol in the sample.
Gas chromatography
A sample of breath passes through a tubular column to a detector. Substances in the breath move
through the column at different rates and arrive at the detector at different times. The detector
measures the amount of each substance and the alcohol concentration can be reported by a data
system. Gas chromatography can identify and measure substances in the breath other than alcohol
and it can be used to analyze other body fluids, such as blood or urine.
Infrared Absorption
A breath sample passes into a chamber of fixed volume and temperature. A beam of infrared light
passes through the chamber. When the light beam exits the chamber, it is filtered to remove
undesired wavelengths. The remaining wavelengths are converted to an electrical signal directly
proportional to the concentration of the alcohol in the breath sample.
Platinum Fuel Cell
The alcohol in the breath sample reacts with the device to produce electricity. The amount of
electricity produced reflects the amount of alcohol in the sample.
Catalytic Detector
The alcohol in a breath sample comes into contact with a semiconductor and increases the voltage
across it. This voltage increase is directly proportional to the amount of alcohol in the sample.

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Evidentiary Instruments
Instrument Name Developer(s) and year Material analyzed and Method for quantitation
volume
Drunkometer Harger and co-workers Rebreathed air, volume Potassium
1938 varies permanganate in sulfuric
acid
Alcometer Greenberg and Keator Alveolar breath, 15 ml Iodic acid
1941
Breathalyzer Borkenstein Alveolar breath, 52.5 ml Potassium dichromate
1954 and silver nitrate in
sulfuric acid
Gas chromatograph Forrester and Alveolar breath, .25 ml Electronic flame
Intoximeter Associates 1968 ionization detector
Intoxilyzer 4011 Omnicron Systems Alveolar breath, 600 ml Infra-red absorption
Corporation 1972
Intoxilyzer 5000 MPD – CMI Inc. 1983 Alveolar breath, 81.4 ml Infra-red absorption
Intoxilyzer 5000EN MPD – CMI Inc. 1997 Alveolar breath, 82.2 ml Infra-red absorption
DMT- G with Fuel NPAS, Inc. 2010 (2011) Alveolar breath, 23 ml Infra-red absorption &
Cell Option (Rev- Platinum Fuel Cell
A)
Preliminary Breath Testing Devices
Instrument Name Developer(s) and year Material analyzed and Method for quantitation
approved volume
Alert J2 Borg Warner 1973 Alveolar breath Catalytic Detector
Alert J3A, +C Borg Warner 1978 Alveolar breath Catalytic Detector
Alco-Sensor PWF Intoximeters Inc 1982 Alveolar breath, 1ml Platinum Fuel Cell
CMI – LION SL-2 MPD – CMI Inc. 1989 Alveolar breath, 1ml Platinum Fuel Cell
Alco-Sensor IV Intoximeters Inc 1992 Alveolar breath, 1ml Platinum Fuel Cell
Alco-Sensor III Intoximeters Inc 1997 Alveolar breath, 1ml Platinum Fuel Cell
CMI – LION SD-2 MPD – CMI Inc. 1997 Alveolar breath, 1ml Platinum Fuel Cell
FC-10 LifeLoc Technologies Alveolar breath, 1ml Platinum Fuel Cell
2001
FC-20 LifeLoc Technologies Alveolar breath, 1ml Platinum Fuel Cell
2002
Alco- Sensor FST Intoximeters, Inc. 2004 Alveolar breath, 1ml Platinum Fuel Cell
Alco-Sensor V XL Intoximeters, Inc. 2012 Alveolar breath, 1ml Platinum Fuel Cell
Concepts of Breath Testing
A basic assumption underlies breath alcohol testing:
 There is a determinable ratio between the alcohol concentration in the blood (and the brain) and the
alcohol concentration found in the breath.
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The National Safety Council Committee on Alcohol and other Drugs ad hoc committee, and most
experts in the field, have concluded that 2100 parts of alveolar (deep lung) air contain the same amount
of alcohol as 1 part of blood. Hence, the breath to blood ratio is 2100:1
Strengths of Breath Testing:
Quick Results – The results are obtained very quickly.
Subject Identity – There is very little question as to the identity of the subject.
Easy Collection – The sample is easy to obtain, therefore requires less technical expertise than
the collection and analysis of body fluids and tissues.
Low Cost – Breath test equipment and facilities cost less per test than performing alcohol tests in
a laboratory.
Concerns with Breath Testing:
Cooperative Subject – The subject must be cooperative to give a proper sample.
Further analysis – The sample cannot be reanalyzed for drugs or alcohol.
Mouth Alcohol – Alcohol remains in the mouth after ingestion and can be introduced through
products such as breath fresheners, cough syrups and medications. The operator should perform
an observation period, usually 15 minutes, to ensure that mouth alcohol has dissipated.
Interference – The DMT is designed to detect substances other than ethanol on the breath and will
report them as Interference.
Other Substances in the Mouth – The mouth must be free of foreign matter, such as gum, candy,
cough drops, medications and tobacco products, during the observation period and the test. This
prevents possible damage to the instrument and blockage of the breath flow.
Smoking – Components in smoke can affect instrument performance. Smoke can destroy fuel cells
and can cause the DMT lenses to become cloudy.
Acetone – Acetone vapors may be present in the breath of diabetics, dieters or highly exercised
individuals. The presence of acetone is recognized by the IR filters and fuel cells do not react with
acetone. The DMT will treat the presence of acetone on the breath as an Interference.
Alveolar Air – Deep lung air provides a more accurate representation of the true alcohol
concentration of a person. A shallow breath sample can produce an erroneously low reading.
Although the DMT and most PBTs are designed to ensure a deep lung sample, encourage subjects
to blow in a long and steady manner.
Temperature – Temperature variances can affect the alcohol readings. The DMT will not allow a
test to be run if the instrument temperatures are not in the proper working ranges. PBTs should be
warmed or cooled to operating temperature before administering a test.
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Moisture – Breath condensation can result if the instrument is not at operating temperature. This
moisture can absorb alcohol and cause a low reading. The DMT provides a heated path for incoming
breath to prevent this from happening.
History of Breath Testing
Many procedures have been developed to analyze alcohol in human body fluids and tissues. The
first reported breath alcohol studies were in 1847 on rabbits, and in 1874 on human subjects. Tests for
alcohol have been the most commonly performed forensic chemical examination over the past 50
years, the great majority being performed to determine the extent of alcoholic influence in drivers and
victims of traffic accidents.
Timeline for DWI and Breath Testing
1621 – The Pilgrims landed in America

1683 – William Penn opened the first commercial brewery in the U.S.
1814 – Steam Locomotive invented
1830 – First passenger trains
1840 – Concern about intoxicated railroad engineers
1843 – New York Central Railroad bans employee drinking
1847 – Alcohol recognized on the breath of humans and rabbits
1874 – Anstie determines mouth alcohol dissipates after 15 minutes
1898 – First patent for the automobile
1904 – Many drunk driving fatalities
1913 – First chemical test for alcohol concentration in body fluids
1914 – Widmark relates urine alcohol to driving impairment (Sweden)
1920 – Prohibition began
1930’s – American Medical Association called for alcohol testing
1933 – Prohibition repealed
1938 – First law enforcement breath test instrument (Drunk-o-meter)
1939 – Indiana passed the first per se law at 0.15
1954 –Breathalyzer introduced
1972 –Intoxilyzer introduced
1975 – Modern PBTs with fuel cells introduced
1986 – DataMaster introduced
2005 – Minnesota adopts per se limit of 0.08
2010 – DMT-G with fuel cell option introduced
2018 – Utah adopted per se limit of 0.05

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DMT

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DMT
DMT

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DMT
Instructor _____________________________

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DMT
In 2013, National Patent sold the DataMaster DMT product line to Intoximeters, Inc. With this sale,
the name changed from DataMaster DMT-G with Fuel Cell Option or DataMaster DMT-G with Rev. A
Fuel Cell Option to IntoxDMT. Regardless of the official name, the breath test instruments used
throughout Minnesota are most often referred to as DMT.
The DMT is designed for counter top or mobile breath alcohol testing. The DMT uses the proven
method of absorption of infrared energy to quantify breath ethanol levels and guard against false
positives from potentially interfering compounds. This instrument incorporates a 2D barcode reader, an
IDTech keyboard with a magnetic stripe reader and a Hewlett Packard printer. Read the respective
sections for more information on these items.

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DMT
Infrared Breath Testing: The Analytical System

Analytical Bench
Testing for the presence and quantity of a chemical such as ethanol using Infrared absorption has
been in use by law enforcement for breath alcohol testing since the early 1970’s.
The molecular bonds of chemical compounds such as alcohol have the characteristic of being
“excited” at certain wavelengths of infrared (IR) energy, meaning that the molecular bonds holding the
atoms of hydrogen and carbon together begin to vibrate when the IR energy is focused on them. When
they vibrate, they absorb some of the energy.
If it is known how much IR energy was present before the alcohol was in the sample chamber and
it is known how much remains while the alcohol is in the sample chamber, measuring the difference
will tell how much alcohol is in the sample chamber. By allowing only the wavelengths of IR energy
that are sensitive to ethanol to pass through the sample, it precludes the possibility of something other
than alcohol adding to the measurement.
The DMT provides a controlled and consistent environment by maintaining the temperature of the
sample chamber at 48ºC ± 4 to prevent condensation.
The DMT employs the theory that in infrared testing the longer the distance the energy must travel
through the chemical, the better opportunity it will have to be absorbed and therefore a more precise
differential in before and after measurement may be obtained. This is referred to as “Resolution” and
is a direct function of the length of the sample chamber. The longer the sample chamber, the better
the Resolution, thus the length of the sample chamber is 54 centimeters.
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DMT
The DMT also employs the theory that the more pure the sample of the chemical being tested, the
better the accuracy. In breath testing, it is more desirable to have a small sample of alveolar air than a
larger sample of air, which would, of necessity, include more air that was not alveolar. The smaller the
volume, the better the accuracy, thus the volume of the sample chamber is 23 milliliters.
For greater sensitivity, there should be as great a temperature differential as possible between the
emitted IR energy and that of the detecting element. This makes the detector more responsive and
gives a better signal. The DMT cools the detector to 0ºC. The cooler the detector, the better the
sensitivity and precision.
The DMT employs three filters at three different wavelengths. After the breath sample is accepted
as adequate by the instrument, the sample is measured at each of the three wavelengths. 3.37 Microns,
3.44 Microns and 3.50 Microns. The results are compared to each other for acceptable ratios and to
ensure the sample being measured does not contain an interferent.
The quartz plate is an opaque glass filter that absorbs IR light, designed to simulate an alcohol
concentration and is the Internal Standard. The filter absorbance is established during the adjustment
of each DMT. The results of the Internal Standard, during each subsequent Diagnostics, must measure
±4% of the value established during the most recent adjustment.
The DMT is approved for use in the state of Minnesota using only Infrared technology or Infrared
in conjunction with a fuel cell. It was determined that the lifespan of the fuel cells used in the DMT
was inadequate. As a result, the fuel cell option of the DMT was turned off in May 2012
Sample Acceptance
The DMT sampling system incorporates the following criteria to establish an acceptable breath
sample:
(1) The subject must provide the breath sample above the minimum flow rate of 2.87 L/m.
(2) The subject must provide a minimum total volume of 1.5 L in a single breath sample.
(3) The slope of the alcohol concentration must be level. The DMT deems the slope to be level
when:
a. The 1.5 L total volume requirement has been met at the point when the flow rate drops
below 2.87 L/m.
b. The increase from the second-to-last two-point average to the last is less than or equal
to 0.001 g/210L and not a negative slope. To be considered a negative slope, the change
in consecutively compared averages must be greater than 0.001 g/210L in the negative
direction.
c. The absolute value of the change between the final two, two-point averages must be
0.001 g/210L or less.
(4) The subject’s flow rate must drop below the minimum flow rate of 2.87 L/m.
***FAILURE TO MEET ANY ONE OF THE CRITERIA WILL INHIBIT SAMPLE ACCEPTANCE***

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DMT
Criteria (1):
The breath sample must be provided at a minimum flow rate of 2.87 L/m to change the flashing
“Please Blow” indicator on the display to a non-flashing “Please Blow” and an audible “beep” to a
constant tone. The breath flow rate is measured by a flow sensor located adjacent to the breath path.
Criteria (2):
The sample volume is calculated as long as the continuous breath flow rate meets or exceeds 2.87
L/m. When a minimum volume of 1.5 liters of air has passed into the system, the minimum volume
requirement is met. The DMT requires that the subject deliver a minimum volume of 1.5 L to accept a
sample.
Criteria (3):
As a subject blows, the percentage of alcohol in the breath moving through the sample chamber
will increase. The first part of a breath sample is mouth air, which has little alcohol relative to lung air.
The DMT displays rising numbers as mouth air, and then lung air passes through the sample chamber.
When the subject reaches the deep lung or alveolar air, which is characterized by a relatively uniform
concentration of alcohol, the reading will rise at a slower rate. Although some rise can still be detected,
the subject is beginning to run out of breath.
The DMT monitors the rise in alcohol concentration for a corresponding plateau. If the subject
stops blowing before the instrument notes a uniformity of concentration (deep lung or alveolar air), the
breath sample will not be accepted. The subject may start blowing again and introduce a sufficient
amount of breath into the instrument as long as it is completed within the three minutes allowed. If the
three-minute time limit is exceeded the DMT will display and print “Deficient” as the test result.
Criteria (4):
After the first three criteria are met, the fourth criteria, a reduction of the flow rate, can then be
established. At this time the breath sample will be accepted.

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DMT
The DMT: Rear Panel
Rear Panel
1. PUMP OUT: This port is used when conducting a re-circulating simulator test. This port should be
connected to the “In” port of the simulator (usually this is the highest port on the simulator). The
simulator may remain connected to this port as long as desired.
2. VAPOR IN: This port is used when conducting a re-circulating simulator test. This port should be
connected to the “Out” port of the simulator (usually this is the lowest port on the simulator). The
simulator may remain connected to this port as long as desired.
3. CAL: This port is used to vent the sample cell during a purge and is used to provide recirculation
during the calibration procedure. It is never used while conducting a simulator test.
4. SIM TUBES POWER: This plug provides a source of power for the simulator hose heaters. It is
also used to monitor the temperature of the simulator hoses.
5. BREATH TUBE: The breath tube is used to introduce a subject sample into the instrument.
6. BREATH TUBE POWER: This plug provides a source of power for the breath tube heater. It is
also used to monitor the temperature of the breath tube.
7. SIM TEMP: The RS-232 port is used for serial communication with an external device. This is
usually a simulator capable of communicating information to the DMT.
8. ETHERNET: The RJ-45 port is used to connect the DMT to an Ethernet network for data
transmission with the DMT.
9. USB: The USB ports serve a variety of functions on the DMT. The primary uses are for the
keyboard connector and for the printer cable as the DMT utilizes an external USB capable printer.

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DMT
10. DC/OFF/AC: This switch controls power to the DMT. The switch is equipped with two positions.
Pressing the switch to the “AC” side allows for the use of AC power. Pressing the switch to the
“DC” side allows for the use of DC power. The instrument may be turned off during periods of
prolonged inactivity. An internal battery backup system will maintain correct time and date.
11. 12 VDC: For use in mobile testing with the supplied power cord (if applicable).
12. 100/240 VAC 47/63 HZ: Use only the grounded power cord furnished with the instrument.
13. DRY GAS: Allows for the instrument to be used with an external dry gas standard.

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Dry Gas
Dry Gas
Dry Gas
Instructor _____________________________

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Dry Gas
CONTROL SAMPLES AND DRY GAS CYLINDERS

Dry Gas Controls
A control is defined as a material of known alcohol concentration that is analyzed with test
samples in order to evaluate the accuracy of an analytical procedure. The DMT utilizes a dry gas
cylinder with an approximate alcohol concentration of 0.080 g/210 Liters as the control sample. Dry
gas cylinders for use in the DMT are provided by the BCA at no cost to departments. The cylinders
cannot be mailed so pickup or delivery arrangements must be made early to ensure you have the
replacement when needed.
Dry Gas Cylinder Labels and Certificates

The dry gas lot number, expiration date and control concentration information are required to run
the Control Change after installing a tank into the DMT. Each dry gas cylinder provided by the BCA
comes with a certificate of analysis as well as an exchange card that contain the information needed
to run a Control Change. This information is also available on the dry gas cylinder label.
Dry Gas Cylinder Installation

The cylinder is installed by carefully laying it on the guides located in the dry gas housing at the
rear of the DMT. Push the cylinder into the compartment until you feel it enter the connection port.
Turn the tank clockwise to lock it in place. The DMT will sense the tank pressure and will notify the
user accordingly in the display status bar.
Dry Gas Cylinder Removal

To remove the cylinder, turn the cylinder counter-clockwise until it unlocks from the connection port.
Carefully remove the tank from the dry gas housing.
Barometric Pressure
Barometric pressure has an effect on the alcohol concentration value when delivered from a
compressed gas cylinder. The DMT compensates for this through the use of an integrated barometric
sensor. As a result, a control target value is established for the test that will be slightly different than
the value printed on the label, which is established at sea level. For example, the concentration on the
label may read 0.080, but the control target printed on the test record is 0.077 due to the barometric
pressure at the time of the test. The control samples analyzed by the DMT must read within 0.005
g/210L of the control target printed on the test record, not the alcohol concentration value printed on
the label and Certificate of Analysis.
Tank Pressure
An integrated pressure sensor for the gas cylinder is utilized by the DMT. This feature allows the
user to monitor the dry gas cylinder level. The dry gas tank pressure in Pounds per Square Inch (PSI)
can be found in the status bar of the main page on the display. A full tank will usually contain around
1000 PSI of pressure. When the tank pressure reaches 200 PSI, the operator will be notified with the
message “Tank pressure getting low”. This should allow sufficient time for the department to arrange
for and receive a new dry gas cylinder from the BCA. If the tank pressure drops below 25 PSI during
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Dry Gas
a test, the operator will receive the message “Tank Pressure Too Low” and the test will end prior to
completion. When the tank pressure is below 25 PSI, the operator will not be allowed to begin a test.
The operator will be required to exchange the empty cylinder with a full one and perform a Control
Change before additional tests can be administered.
Expiration
The DMT will monitor the expiration date of the dry gas cylinder and notify the operator with the
message “Change Control Soon” when the gas is within 30 days of expiration. This should allow
sufficient time for the department to arrange for pickup or delivery of a new dry gas cylinder from the
BCA. The DMT will not allow any tests to be performed after the dry gas has expired.
Control Change
A new tank must be installed when the dry gas cylinder is below 25 PSI or the tank has expired.
After a new cylinder has been installed a Control Change must be performed by a certified operator.
Under the DMT drop-down menu select Control Change. Log in and follow the prompts to enter the lot
number, alcohol concentration and expiration date. Each of these values is found on the dry gas
cylinder label, the Certificate of Analysis and the exchange card included with the cylinder. After
pressing OK the instrument will begin a diagnostic test sequence followed by sampling the dry gas
cylinder three times. Each sample will be measured to verify the results are within the acceptable range
of ± 0.005 g/210L from the target concentration. At the end of the test the operator will be prompted to
enter remarks and sign their signature.
Dry Gas Cylinder Disposal

There are penalties for improper disposal or misuse of pressurized cylinders. Do NOT place
cylinders in the garbage. Completely drain the dry gas cylinder and contact your local refuse company
to determine the proper disposal procedure.
A dry gas cylinder draining tool can be used to drain and disable the valve of certain brands of dry
gas cylinders. If the tank is no longer pressurized the cylinder is recyclable. See Appendix 9 for
further information and purchasing details.

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Touch Screen Menu
Touch Screen Menu

Touch Screen Menu
Instructor _____________________________

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Touch Screen Menu
Main Screen
The DMT is equipped with a color LCD touch screen display. The main screen allows you to view
the date and time, monitor tank pressure, begin a subject test or quick test or print a copy of the last
test run.
DMT Icon Drop Down Menu

Selecting the DMT icon in the top left corner opens a drop down menu with several functions. Tests
and functions can be initiated by trained operators by selecting the appropriate option on the display.
If a menu item is not accessible to an operator it will be grayed out or will notify the operator that they
do not have a high enough security level to access that function.
Setup
The setup menu allows certain parameters to be set. When a setup function is selected from the
left screen, additional options may appear on the right screen.
DMT
Serial Number – The DMT serial number is displayed. Operators do not have access
to change the serial number of a DMT.
Title – The title “State of Minnesota” appears on each test record and has been set
by factory trained BCA personnel. Operators do not have access to change the title of
the DMT.
Location – The location should indicate where the DMT is located. Double tap in the
space to the right of Location. Using the keyboard, enter the department name where the
DMT is located.
Units
Alcohol concentration is set to report in grams per 210 Liters (g/210L). Operators do
not have access to change the units on the DMT.
Simulator
Factory trained BCA personnel set the control type to dry gas. Additional control
parameters can also be set. Operators do not have access to the simulator function of
the DMT.
Subject
Operators can change the number of copies automatically printed at the completion
of a subject test. Double tap the value listed after Copies and enter the desired value (1-
5) from the drop down menu. Each printed copy will be identical. Additional parameters,
such as when a control will run during the subject test, can be set by factory trained BCA
personnel.

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Touch Screen Menu
Control
of a control test. Double tap on the value listed after Copies and enter the desired value
(1-5) from the drop down menu. Each printed copy will be identical.
Monthly Test
Factory trained BCA personnel set the DMT to perform an automatic control test on
the first of every month and the hour at which the test will occur. Operators do not have
access to the monthly test function of the DMT.
Control Change
of a control change test. Double tap on the value listed after Copies and select the desired
value (1-5) from the drop down menu. Each printed copy will be identical.
Diagnostic
Operators can set the number of copies automatically printed at the completion of a
diagnostic test. Double tap on the value listed after Copies and enter the desired value
(1-5) from the drop down menu.
Printer
Operators can turn the printer On or Off. While the DMT operates without a printer,
in most instances this will be set to On. Network Printer should be set to No and the
Printer IP Address should remain blank.
Control Panel
Operators can set up the DMT to communicate with the FTP server at the BCA. Select
the DMT drop down menu, Setup, Control Panel then Network. Double tap the
NCPLBCE-SMSC91181 icon. Enter the appropriate IP Address, Subnet Mask and
Default Gateway information for your department. Select OK. Close the box by tapping
on the X in the top right corner of the display. Select the Save button. If a connection
has been made to the BCA, you will see the network connection and the folder symbol
on the bottom right corner of the display. This may not appear immediately.
Functions
The functions menu allows certain functions to be initiated.
Set Date/Time
Operators can set the current time and date.

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Touch Screen Menu
Return to Service
Factory trained BCA personnel can return an instrument to a functional status after
having previously been removed from service. Operators do not have access to this
function of the DMT.
Remove from Service

Factory trained BCA personnel can select this option to make an instrument non-
functional to operators in the field. Operators do not have access to this function of the
DMT.
Purge Sample Chamber

Operators can run an air blank that will continue for five minutes or until the Exit button
is selected. This function would be used if liquid were believed to have entered either the
breath tube or the sample chamber. It can also be used after a test result of Detector
Overflow to assist in clearing the alcohol out of the breath path of the DMT.
Import/Export
Factory trained BCA personnel can import or export DMT tables, software or data via
a USB port. Operators do not have access to this function of the DMT.
Reset Options
Factory trained BCA personnel can use this function to reset default settings on the
DMT. This does not invalidate the existing control change or delete any transmitted data.
Operators do not have access to this function of the DMT.
Invalidate Instrument Setup

Factory trained BCA personnel can ensure all settings are appropriate for field use
by selecting this function. This function does invalidate the existing control change.
Filter Test
Factory trained BCA personnel can test the functionality of the filter assembly of the
DMT. Operators do not have access to this function of the DMT.
Training Mode
Factory trained BCA personnel can set the instrument to Training Mode to ensure
results from training tests are appropriately marked and are not included in field reports.

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Touch Screen Menu
Instrument Setup
This function allows for the location of the DMT to be entered and set up the DMT to
communicate with the FTP server at the BCA. After Location, enter the department name
where the DMT is located. Select the Set Local IP button. Double tap the NCPLBCE-
SMSC91181 icon. Enter the appropriate IP Address, Subnet Mask and Default Gateway
information for your department. Select OK. Close the box by tapping on the X in the top
right corner of the display. Select the Save button. If a connection has been made to the
BCA, you will see the network connection and the folder symbol on the bottom right corner
of the display. This may not appear immediately.
Reports
Operators may view and print test records of previous tests run on this DMT while at its
current location. After selecting Reports, the most recent test will be displayed on the left. Select
the Print button to print this test record. To view or print a previous test, use the plus (+) symbol
to expand the selection of the test type on the top right display. Use the plus (+) symbol to expand
the date of the test. Select the appropriate time for the test. The test record will now be displayed
on the left screen. Select the Print button to print the record or the Exit button to exit Reports.
Subject Test
Operators may begin an evidential subject test. Refer to Subject Test under Testing with
the DMT for further information.
Control Test
Operators may begin a control test. Refer to Control Test under Testing with the DMT for
further information.
Diagnostic
Operators may begin a diagnostic test. Refer to Diagnostic under Testing with the DMT for
further information.
Adjustment
Factory trained BCA personnel can initiate the portion of the certification procedure used
when calibration criteria are not met. Operators do not have access to this function of the DMT.
Technician Mode
Factory trained BCA personnel can access the technician screen that allows for monitoring
and adjusting of several settings. Operators do not have access to this function of the DMT.
Control Change
Operators may begin a control change test. Refer to Control Change under Testing with the
DMT for further information.

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Touch Screen Menu
Verification
Factory trained BCA personnel can initiate a verification test. This test is run as part of the
DMT certification procedure. Operators do not have access to this function of the DMT.
Security
Operators may enter their password to log into the DMT to conduct tests and log off at the
completion of testing.
Enter Password
If an appropriate operator certification number and passcode are entered the
operator’s name will appear on the lower left corner of the display.
Log Off
Select Log Off to sign out of the DMT at the completion of testing.
Help
About
The software version installed in the DMT will be displayed.

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Touch Screen Menu

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ID TECH Keyboard and HP LaserJet Printer
ID TECH Keyboard and Integrated

Barcode Reader

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Instructor _____________________________

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Installation and Operation
The VersaKey is a standard size keyboard with an integrated magnetic stripe (MagStripe) reader.
When the VersaKey is initially plugged into the DMT, it performs a self-test and initiation sequence with
the DMT. During the self-test the MagStripe reader will beep and the keyboard power LED will light to
indicate power is applied. The LEDs will show the status of the Scroll Lock, Num Lock, & Caps Lock
functions.
Magnetic Stripe Reader
The magnetic stripe reader can be used during the data entry portion of a subject test to retrieve
necessary information from the subject’s driver’s license. To use the magnetic stripe reader, select
Swipe DL as your method of data entry. When told, swipe a magnetic stripe card through the reader
slot. The magnetic stripe must be facing the front of the keyboard with the magnetic stripe towards to
bottom then swipe right to left. A beep will sound to indicate a good read on each of the three magnetic
tracks. There will be three beeps for a complete swipe.
The magnetically encoded data on the MagStripe is decoded (read) by the card reader. The stripe
data has a fixed format defined by ISO standards. The VersaKey Reader is an intelligent magnetic
stripe reader that decodes, verifies, and transmits stripe data.
If the license swipe is not complete, the DMT will reject it and offer the operator an opportunity to
Scan the 2D bar code instead. If the operator does not read the entire message or misinterprets it,
they may swipe the magnetic stripe again. This will result in data being assigned, in whole or in part,
to the wrong field in the subject information portion of the test record as in the following example. The
same result will occur if the operator selects Scan as the method of data entry, but instead swipes the
magnetic stripe of the driver’s license.

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When this occurs, the instrument will bypass the first screen of data entry. Operators can use the
“Previous” button at the bottom of the display to go back and review the data captured on the first
screen. If the data is not correct, the operator can cancel the test and begin again or make manual
corrections. If data entry errors are noticed on the test record, a DMT Data Correction Form listing
the necessary changes can be submitted to the BCA and the corrections will be made by BCA
personnel.
2D Barcode Reader
The 2D barcode reader is integrated into the left-hand side of the DMT. Licenses from most states
can be read. Select Scan DL. With the barcode facing forward, insert the license into the slot. Select
OK to scan.

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Hewlett Packard LaserJet P1606dn

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Instructor _____________________________

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The printer supplied with the DMT-G is the HP LaserJet P1606 dn. It connects with the DMT-G via
a USB cable. This printer uses a toner cartridge that can easily be replaced after several hundred tests.
Each department is responsible for replacement toner cartridges. The part number is CE278A.
Printer Lights
1. Toner light: When toner is low, the toner light illuminates. When toner is empty, the toner light
blinks.
2. Attention light: Indicates that the toner cartridge door is open or other errors exist.
3. Ready light: When the printer is ready to print the ready light is on. When the printer is
processing data the ready light blinks.
4. Go light: Indicates that there is an error (along with the attention light).
5. Go button: To print a configuration page, press and hold the go button, then release the button
when the ready light blinks. To print a demo page, press and release the go button. When
the go light is flashing, press the go button to continue the print job.
6. Cancel button: To cancel the print job, press the cancel button.
Paper Jams
Occasionally paper can become jammed during printing. A common cause of paper jams is
overfilling the paper tray or loading paper incorrectly. When you add new paper, always remove the
paper from the tray and straighten the entire stack. This helps prevent multiple feeds and reduces
paper jams. Additionally, the printer may need to be cleaned to remove paper dust and other particles
from the paper path. Loose toner might remain in the product after a paper jam. This toner clears up
after a few sheets print.

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To Clear a Paper Jam

1. Open the toner cartridge door and remove the toner cartridge.
2. Keep the toner cartridge door open, using both hands grasp the side of the jammed paper
that is most visible (this includes the middle), and carefully pull it free from the printer.
Replacing the toner cartridge

1. Open the toner cartridge door and remove the old toner cartridge. Follow the recycling
information inside the toner cartridge box.
2. Remove the new toner cartridge from the packaging. To prevent damage to the print
cartridge, hold the print cartridge at each end.
3. Pull the tab and completely remove the tape from the cartridge. Put the tab in the toner
cartridge box to return for recycling.
4. Insert the new toner cartridge into the printer and close the toner cartridge door.

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Testing with the DMT

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Instructor _____________________________

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DMT Setup
Installing a new DMT or exchanging an instrument at a location requires a series of connections.
The following steps will install an instrument; some are unnecessary when exchanging an instrument.
A keyboard carrel (organizer) with an upper shelf for the DMT and a roll out keyboard drawer is provided
at each instrument location. This step-by-step setup assumes you are using the carrel.
 Install the carrel in the location where the instrument will be used. Provide sufficient space for
the subject to stand.
 Install the keyboard in the drawer and route its cable out the back of the carrel.
 Position the instrument on the upper shelf of the carrel with the front edge just over the front
edge of the organizer.
 Plug the power cord socket end into the AC plug-in on the back panel and its plug into a 110V
AC outlet.
 Turn on DMT and wait for main screen to appear.
 Plug the USB connector of the keyboard cable into a USB jack on the DMT back panel.
 Position the printer in a convenient location adjacent to the instrument. Generally this should
be to the right of the DMT away from where the test subject is likely to be standing. If not
already in place, install a toner cartridge in the printer. Place paper in the paper input bin.
 Plug the printer power cord into the back of the printer and its plug into an AC outlet wall
receptacle. Turn printer on. Plug the printer USB cable into the back of the printer and into a
USB jack on the DMT back panel.
 Install a dry gas cylinder. The tank is installed by carefully laying it on the guides located in the
side compartment of the rear of the DMT. Push the tank into the compartment until you feel it
enter the connection port. Turn the tank clockwise to lock it in place. The DMT will sense the
tank pressure and will notify the user accordingly on the display.
 After a sufficient warm up period, perform a control change.

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Control Change
After the dry gas cylinder has expired or depleted below 25 PSI, replace the cylinder then perform
a Control Change. If the DMT has been exchanged, the replacement DMT will have a dry gas cylinder
already inserted. If the dry gas cylinder is being replace because it is empty or expired you will need
to replace the cylinder. Note the information found on the cylinder label then perform a Control Change.
 Note the lot number, alcohol concentration and expiration date of the dry gas being installed.
Each dry gas cylinder provided by the BCA will come with a certificate of analysis as well as
an exchange card that contain the information needed to run a Control Change. This
information is also available on the dry gas cylinder label.
 Install the dry gas cylinder in the housing by carefully laying it on the guides located in the side
compartment of the rear of the DMT. Push the tank into the compartment until it enters the
connection port. Turn the tank clockwise to lock it in place. The DMT will sense the tank
pressure and will notify the user accordingly on the display. Ensure the gas is not leaking by
monitoring the tank pressure on the display and listening for leaks. If a leak is observed remove
the tank and attempt to reseat it in the housing.
 Select Control Change under the DMT drop-down menu or press F8.
 Enter your DMT Certification number and passcode. Select OK.
 Enter the lot number, alcohol concentration and expiration date of the dry gas. Select OK.
 The instrument will automatically begin the diagnostic test sequence followed by measuring
three samples from the dry gas cylinder with air blanks between. Each of the three samples
must measure within ±0.005 from the control target. The control target value has been adjusted
for barometric pressure and is not the same value as printed on the label or Certificate of
Analysis.
 When the Remarks / Comments box appears, enter remarks regarding the test (i.e. dry gas tank
changed). Select OK to accept the entered remarks.
 An Operator Signature box will appear on the display. Using a stylus, sign your signature. To
clear the signature and sign again, select Clear. To accept your signature as it appears, select
Accept.

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Observation Period
Recent alcohol ingestion or reintroduction of alcohol into the mouth from actions such as belching,
regurgitating or refluxing stomach contents into the mouth are possible sources of mouth alcohol.
Alcohol vapors can remain in the mouth for as long as 15 minutes. A test subject should be observed
for a minimum of 15 minutes prior to administering a breath test to ensure nothing is placed in the
mouth and nothing erupts into the mouth. Note the start time of the observation period. This time is
required to be entered during the data entry portion of the test. The DMT will not allow a test to begin
until 15 minutes have elapsed.
Subject Test - Minnesota Test Sequence (DABACABA)

A subject test is performed as a means of determining a person’s breath alcohol concentration for
evidential purposes.
 If the DMT is in stand-by mode, touch the display anywhere other than the scrolling Minnesota
State seal.
 Under DMT icon: select Security then select Enter Password. Enter DMT Certification number
and passcode then Select OK.
 Initiate a test by pressing the Run button on the display, the F1 key on the keyboard or selecting
Subject Test in the DMT drop-down menu.
 Indicate the method you intend to utilize to enter the driver’s information.
Scan DL indicates you intend to use the bar code scanner on the left side of the instrument.
Scanning the 2D bar code on the driver’s license will auto-fill the subject’s last name, first name,
middle name, driver’s license number, State of issue and date of birth. You must manually enter
the subject’s height, weight and gender. Review the information for accuracy.
Swipe DL indicates you intend to use the magnetic stripe reader on the keyboard. Swiping the
license will auto-fill the subject’s last name, first name, middle name, driver’s license number,
State of issue, date of birth, height, weight and gender. Swiping the license is only effective on
licenses issued by the State of Minnesota. Review the information for accuracy. If three beeps
are not heard or there is an error in the data capture, see below.
Manual indicates you intend to enter all required information manually.
Incomplete Swipe
If an operator does not hold the license level during the swipe or the swipe is not complete, the
DMT will recognize that the swipe was not complete and reject it. The DMT will offer the operator
an opportunity to Scan the 2D bar code on the back of the license. Do not attempt to swipe the
license at this point. Swiping the license will result in some of the data being assigned to the
wrong field or fields in the subject information portion of the test record, such as portions of the
address appearing in the subject name field. The same result will occur if the operator selects
Scan as the method of data entry, but instead swipes the magnetic stripe of the driver’s license.

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Data Entry Review and Correction
After swiping a license, the data captured from that license is displayed on the first of three
sequential DMT display screens. The first screen shows the subject information captured and
the field to which it was assigned. If the first swipe fails and a second swipe is attempted, the
instrument will bypass the first screen. Use Previous at the bottom of the display to go back
and examine the data entered on page one. If the data is not correct, the operator can make
manual corrections. If this step is missed, a test record with license data in improper fields is
created. Review the data and correct data entry errors to ensure the test record contains
accurate information. If data entry errors are noticed on the test record after the test is
complete, a DMT Data Correction Form listing the necessary changes can be submitted to the
BCA so the necessary corrections can be made. The DMT Data Correction Form can be found
on the BCA website or obtained through the Breath Alcohol Calibration Laboratory.
 Enter the subject’s race. This is not a required field.
 Select the Next button.
 Operator Information is auto-filled based on the log-in information. Verify the information is
correct. If the name is incorrect, cancel the test, log that individual out of the DMT and log in
using your certification number. If your department has changed you can correct this field for
each test you run, however you must notify the BCA for a permanent change to occur.
 If the Arresting Officer and test Operator are the same person touch the Same as Operator
box, this auto-fills the last name, first name and department of the arresting officer. If they are
not the same, manually enter the information.
 Enter the arresting department ORI number, MN#######. The MN is automatically entered.
The seven digits must be entered manually. For police and sheriff's offices, the first three
numbers are the county number (Minnesota has 87 counties so the first of these will be zero).
When eCharging, it is imperative that this number exactly matches the number stored in the
eCharge database for this record to automatically attach. Check County for accuracy and
correct if needed. For State agencies the county must be selected from the drop down menu.
 Select the Next button.
 Using the drop down menu, select the appropriate Type of Test: Traffic, Boating, Underage
Consumption, Court - Corrections, ATV – Snowmobile, Other, Hunting, Hand Gun Possession.
 Enter the PBT result, up to 12 characters are allowed. This is not a required field.
 Enter the Date of Stop or press the space bar to auto-fill today’s date.
 Enter the Time of Stop.
 Enter the Case Number. This is not a required field.
 Indicate whether the subject was driving a commercial vehicle by selecting Y for Yes or N for
No.

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 Enter the start time of the Observation Period. The time entered must be after the time of stop
and prior to the current time. You will be required to wait additional time if 15 minutes from the
time entered have not elapsed.
 Enter the name of the individual that conducted the Observation Period.
 Select the OK button to begin testing.
 DIAGNOSTIC After data entry is complete, the instrument will automatically begin the
diagnostic test. Each step and outcome is shown on the display, however after the diagnostic
test is complete only a summary stating Diagnostic Check Passed or Diagnostic Check Failed
will appear. If the instrument fails the Diagnostic Check, the test will not continue.
 AIR BLANK An Air Blank consists of a Purge, Ambient Zeroing and a Blank Test. During the
Purge, room air is drawn through the breath tube and sample chamber and is expelled out the
back of the DMT, purging the system of residual alcohol. The Ambient Zeroing sets a zero
reference point. The Blank Test verifies that the DMT is measuring an alcohol concentration
of zero. If the result is not 0.000 the test will not continue.
 BREATH SAMPLE When "PLEASE BLOW!" is flashing and the tone is beeping, the
instrument is ready for the subject to provide a breath sample. Insert a new mouthpiece and
instruct the subject to provide a long and steady sample. While the subject is blowing into the
breath tube, the "PLEASE BLOW" and tone are constant. The subject is allowed three minutes
to provide a breath sample. The sample will be accepted by the DMT when a single exhalation
reaches a minimum volume of 1.5 Liters of air at a flow rate at or above 2.87 Liters per minute,
the slope of the alcohol concentration is deemed to be level, and the flow rate drops below
2.87 Liters per minute.
 CONTROL SAMPLE The dry gas control is sampled and measured between the two breath
samples. The known alcohol concentration is approximately 0.080, but is adjusted for
barometric pressure and may vary from test to test. The result of the control sample must be
within ±0.005 from the control target on the display and printed on the test record or the test
will not continue.
o The DMT will ensure that three minutes have elapsed between the two subject breath
samples. You will see a countdown on the status bar on the display.

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instrument is ready for the subject to provide a breath sample. Insert a new mouthpiece and
instruct the subject to provide a long and steady sample. While the subject is blowing into the
breath tube, the "PLEASE BLOW" and tone are constant. The subject is allowed three minutes
to provide a breath sample. The sample will be accepted by the DMT when a single exhalation
 A Remarks / Comments box will appear on the display. Using the keyboard, enter remarks.
Typical comments include remarks regarding the observation period and a description of how
the subject provided the breath samples. After you have completed your remarks, select OK.
An Operator Signature box will appear on the display. Using a stylus, sign your signature. To
clear the box and sign again, select Clear. To accept the signature as it appears, select
Accept.
 After the signature is accepted, the DMT will create a PDF and display Saving PDF in the
status bar. This will be followed by Printing if you have the printer function turned on. The test
data will then be transmitted to the BCA via a secure Ethernet connection and the message
Transmitting data can be seen on the status bar at the bottom of the DMT.

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Quick Run
 If the DMT is in stand-by mode, touch the display anywhere other than the scrolling Minnesota
State seal.
 Under DMT icon select Security and select Enter Password then input DMT Certification
number and passcode. Logging in is not required for a Quick Run test
 Initiate a test by pressing Quick Run on the display.
 Enter the data requested: Type of Test, Subject Last Name, First Name and Middle Initial. If
you are logged into the DMT prior to selecting Quick Run, the operator information will be auto-
filled based on your certification number. If you are not logged in enter the operator’s last
name, first name and department. Note: this test can be performed by a non-certified operator.
 Select OK to begin the test.
 DIAGNOSTIC After data entry is complete, the instrument will automatically begin the
diagnostic test. Each step and outcome is shown on the display, however after the diagnostic
test is complete only a summary stating Diagnostic Check Passed or Diagnostic Check Failed
will appear. If the instrument fails the Diagnostic Check, the test will not continue.
instrument is ready for the subject to provide a breath sample. Insert a mouthpiece and instruct
the subject to provide a long and steady sample. While the subject is blowing into the breath
tube, the "PLEASE BLOW" and tone are constant. The subject is allowed three minutes to
provide a breath sample. The sample will be accepted by the DMT when a single exhalation

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Status Messages
Status Messages

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Status Messages
There may be occasions when a Subject Test is incomplete and does not report a final alcohol
concentration. Below are the most common status messages, however, this is not a complete list of
all possible messages.
0.02 AGREEMENT NOT MET – DEFICIENT TEST

The subject provided two adequate breath samples, however the results between the two breath
samples exceeded the maximum allowed difference of 0.020. This can be caused by mouth alcohol,
but is more commonly a result of the subject providing the two samples in an inconsistent manner. If
mouth alcohol may be the cause, conduct a new observation period before beginning a new test.
0.02 AGREEMENT NOT MET – SECOND DEFICIENT TEST

The subject provided two adequate breath samples, however the results between the two breath
samples exceeded the maximum allowed difference of 0.020. This can be caused by mouth alcohol,
but is more commonly a result of the subject providing the two samples in an inconsistent manner. This
has occurred on two consecutive tests and may serve as a basis for statutory refusal.
AMBIENT FAIL
The DMT was unable to establish a zero alcohol reference when measuring the air around the
instrument during the initial air blank. This can be caused by a poorly ventilated room that does not
allow for sufficient clearing of alcohol vapors, a breath tube pointed toward a subject, room deodorizers
or hand sanitizers, etc. If possible, remove the source of ambient alcohol or move it farther away from
the instrument and begin a new test.
BLANK ERROR
The DMT was unable to establish the same zero alcohol reference when measuring the air around
the instrument compared to the previous air blank. This can be caused by a poorly ventilated room
that does not allow for sufficient clearing of alcohol vapors, a breath tube pointed towards a subject,
room deodorizers or hand sanitizers, etc. If possible, remove the source of ambient alcohol or move it
farther away from the instrument and begin a new test.
DEFICIENT
The DMT sampling system incorporates the following criteria to establish an acceptable breath
sample:
 The subject must provide the breath sample above the minimum flow rate of 2.87 L/m.
 The subject must provide a minimum total volume of 1.5 L in a single breath sample.
 The subject’s flow rate must drop below the minimum rate of 2.87 L/m.
 The slope of the alcohol concentration must be level. The DMT deems the slope to be level
when:

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Status Messages
 The 1.5 L total volume requirement has been met at the point when the flow rate drops
below 2.87 L/m.
 The increase from the second-to-last two-point average to the last is less than or equal
to 0.001 g/210L and not a negative slope. To be considered a negative slope, the
change in consecutively compared averages must be greater than 0.001 g/210L in the
negative direction.
 The absolute value of the change between the final two, two-point averages must be
0.001 g/210L or less.
INTERFERENCE
The expected ratios between the filters have been exceeded. The breath sample submitted may
contain a substance other than alcohol or a combination of alcohol and an interfering substance.
Obtain a warrant and collect blood or urine for analysis.
INVALID
An Invalid message can be an indication of mouth alcohol, but can also be the result of the subject’s
blowing behavior. An Invalid can be triggered in the following ways:
 There were three consecutive quarter-second average comparisons where the slope was in the
negative direction of greater than 0.001 g/210 L, after first seeing at least six positive
comparisons within the same continuous breath sample.
 A final result ≥ 0.060 g/210 L was less than 95% of any previous high reading during that
successfully delivered sample, or
 A final result ≥ 0.003 g/210 L but < 0.060 g/210 L that is lower than any previous high reading
during that successfully delivered sample by at least 0.003 g/210 L.
Invalid is one of three safeguards against mouth alcohol. In addition, we require the subject be
observed for a minimum of 15 minutes prior to the test to ensure nothing is placed in the mouth and
nothing erupts into the mouth. During data entry, the DMT operator is required to enter the start time
of the observation period. The test will not begin until 15 minutes have lapsed.
RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE (RFI)
High levels of radio frequencies have been detected and ended the test. This can be caused by
keying a radio in the vicinity of the instrument or a static discharge to the breath tube that holds the RFI
antenna. Turn off radios and restart the test.
STABILITY FAIL
The instrument detected a shift in the detector voltage during the diagnostic test. This is usually
caused by ambient alcohol around the instrument. Also see AMBIENT FAIL and BLANK ERROR. If
possible, remove the source of ambient alcohol or move it farther away from the instrument and begin
a new test.

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DMT Training Practice Laboratory

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Sample Test Records

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DMT Control Change Record showing three control samples run after a new tank was installed to
ensure the DMT is measuring alcohol accurately. The results must measure within ±0.005 from the
control target.

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DMT Test Record showing a complete breath test consisting of two adequate samples
using IR technology.

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DMT Test Record showing a Deficient in the first breath sample. This means that one or
more of the sample acceptance criteria was not met in any of the subject’s attempts. The
DMT will run an air blank, the control sample and a final air blank before ending the test. A
second breath sample will not be requested from the subject during this test sequence.
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DMT Test Record showing a Deficient in the second breath sample. This means that one or
more of the sample acceptance criteria was not met in any of the subject’s attempts during the
second breath sample.
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DMT Test Record showing a Deficient in the first breath sample. The subject did not blow at
a flow rate above 2.87 L/m at the beginning of the sample, therefore there was initially no
dashed line on the graph, however alcohol was measured and graphed. The sample
acceptance criteria were not met within the three minute window and the test ended as
Deficient. DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 66
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DMT Test Record showing an Invalid in the first breath sample. This means there were three
consecutive quarter-second average comparisons where the slope was in a negative direction of
greater than 0.001 g/210L, after first seeing at least six positive comparisons within the same
continuous breath sample. The DMT will run an air blank, the control sample and a final air blank
before ending the test. A second breath sample will not be requested from the subject during this
test sequence. DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 67
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DMT Test Record showing an Invalid in the first breath sample. The final result is ≥ 0.06, but
less than 95% of the previous high reading during that successfully delivered sample. A
second breath sample will not be requested from the subject during this test sequence.
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DMT Test Record showing 0.02 Agreement Not Met – Deficient Test. This means the
results between the two samples are more than 0.02 apart (0.202 – 0.181 = 0.021).
Administer a second breath test.
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DMT Test Record showing 0.02 Agreement Not Met – Second Deficient Test. The
DMT specifically identifies the result as the second deficient test to demonstrate two
consecutive tests ending in 0.02 Agreement Not Met by the same subject.

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DMT Test Record showing Interference on the first breath sample. This means the ratio
between the three filters was not acceptable. The DMT will run an air blank, the control
sample and a final air blank before ending the test. A second breath sample will not be
requested from the subject during this test sequence.
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DMT Quick Test Record. This is not an evidential test due to the lack of a second breath
sample and a control sample.
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Instructor _____________________________
This page was left blank for your notes.

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In this laboratory session you will run a series of exercises to familiarize yourself with how the DMT
operates and practice a few of the many possible situations you may encounter when testing subjects
in the field.
Navigation through the different data entry fields is as follows:
“Tab” key moves the cursor between the fields of data entry
“Enter” key selects the “Next” or “OK” buttons
Drop down fields will only allow entry of data listed – some will auto-fill data
Data fields have data validation and require valid data
Touch display allows you to move between fields and edit data in a field out of order
 Touch the display to bring the DMT out of screen saver mode, if necessary.
Exercise 1 ************************************************************************************
OBJECTIVE: Use the drop down menu to set the date and time.
 Select the DMT icon in the upper left corner of

the display to show the drop down menu.
 Select the “Functions” item in the menu.
 Select the “Set Date/Time” item under
“Functions”.
 Set the date by selecting the correct day from
the calendar.
 Set the time by entering the correct time in the
time field.
 Select the “OK” button to set the date and time
currently displayed.

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Exercise 2 ************************************************************************************
OBJECTIVE: Use the drop down menu to set the instrument location that will be printed on each
printout.

 Select the “Setup” item in the menu.
 Select “DMT” in the left column.
 Double tap the “Location” property in the right
column then type in the testing location name.
 Select the “Save” button to accept the changes
made. (Note: If the “Exit” button is chosen the
changes are rejected without confirmation.)
Exercise 3 ************************************************************************************
OBJECTIVE: Use the drop down menu to set the number of copies that will be printed for each
subject test.

 Select the “Setup” item in the menu.
 Select “Subject” in the left column.
 Double tap the “Copies” property in the right
column then type in the quantity needed.
 Select the “Save” button to accept the changes
made. (Note: If the “Exit” button is chosen the
changes are rejected without confirmation.)

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Exercise 4*************************************************************************************
OBJECTIVE: Enter IP Address to establish communication between the DMT and the BCA
 Select the DMT icon in the upper left corner of the display to show the drop down menu.
 Select the “Functions” item in the menu
 Select “Instrument Setup”
 Verify the Instrument Location is
appropriate, then select “Set Local IP”
 You will see three network icons,
double click on the
NCPLBCE-SMSC91181 (middle) icon
 Notice (do not change) the IP Address,
Subnet Mask and Default Gateway.
These are unique to each department
and will need to be entered when a
new DMT is installed in your
department.
 Select OK, X, then Save
Exercise 5 ************************************************************************************
OBJECTIVE: Use the drop down menu to view previously run tests.

 Select the “Reports” item in the menu. The
reports window will display the last test run.
To find a previous test:
 Expand the record type you want to view by

touching the plus (+) next to the title.
 Expand the date of the test you want to view by
touching the plus (+) next to the appropriate
date.
 Select the test you want to view by touching the
time of the test. The virtual test record will
appear on the left side of the display and the associated graphs will appear in the lower right.
 Select the “Print” button to print the test record.
 Select the “Exit” button to close the reports window. (Note: The report window will automatically
close after 5 minutes of no activity.)
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Exercise 6 ************************************************************************************
OBJECTIVE: Run a control change (required when a dry gas tank is installed).
 The test can be started by pressing the F8 key on the keyboard or selecting “Control Change” from
the drop down menu. Select the DMT icon in the upper left corner of the display to show the drop
down menu, then select the “Control Change” item from the menu.
DATA ENTRY FIELD OPERATOR RESPONSE
 Lot Number Type in the lot number from the dry gas tank
 Concentration Type in the concentration as printed on the label of the dry gas
tank.
 Expiration Date Type in the expiration date of the dry gas tank.
 Certification Number Review – This is taken from your log in and cannot be changed.
 Operator Last Name Review – This is taken from your log in and cannot be changed.
 Operator First Name Review – This is taken from your log in and cannot be changed.
 Operator Department Review – This is taken from your log in. You can change this field if
you have changed departments or are employed by multiple
departments.
 Select the “OK” button to start the control change. This test cannot be cancelled after data entry
has been accepted.
 Observe test process (Note: Displays diagnostic details while diagnostic is running then reports
the status in pass/fail form on the virtual test record. Three control samples are measured during
a successful control change.)
Exercise 7 ************************************************************************************
OBJECTIVE: Observe the effect of an incomplete driver’s license swipe.
 Select the “Run” button on the display. The test can also be started by pressing the F1 key on
the keyboard or selecting the DMT icon in the upper left corner of the display to show the
drop down menu then choosing the “Subject Test” item from the menu.
 Select Scan as the method of data entry for the subject information.
 Use the magnetic stripe reader on the keyboard to automatically fill the subject information.
 Observe that the data entry review begins on the second data entry screen.
 Select the “Previous” button on the bottom of the display to return to the first data entry screen
and observe the incorrectly captured data.
 Select Cancel

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Exercise 8 ************************************************************************************
OBJECTIVE: Run a Minnesota Test Sequence (DABACABA).
 Select the “Run” button on the display. The test can also be started by pressing the F1 key on the
keyboard or selecting the DMT icon in the upper left corner of the display to show the drop down
menu then choosing the “Subject Test” item from the menu.
 Select the method of data entry for the subject information:
Scan – Use the 2-D bar code scanner on the left side of the DMT to automatically fill the subject
information through the date of birth.
Swipe – Use the magnetic stripe reader on the keyboard to automatically fill the subject information
through the gender.
Manual – Use the keyboard to type the information.
 Last Enter or review the subject’s last name.

 First Enter or review the subject’s first name.
 Middle Enter or review the subject’s middle name.
 Driver’s License Number Enter or review the subject’s DL number.
 State of Issue Enter or review the DL State of issue.
 Date of Birth Enter or review the subject’s date of birth.
 Height – ft. Enter or review the foot portion of the subject’s height.
 Height – in. Enter or review the inch portion of the subject’s height.
 Weight Enter or review the subject’s weight.
 Gender Enter or review the subject’s gender.
 Race Enter the subject’s ethnicity.
 Select the “Next” button to move to the next page.
 Certification Number Review – This is taken from your log in and cannot be changed.
 Operator Last Name Review – This is taken from your log in and cannot be changed.
 Operator First Name Review – This is taken from your log in and cannot be changed.
 Operator Department Review – This is taken from your log in but can be changed.
 Same As Operator Selecting this box will copy the operator information to the
arresting officer fields.
 Arresting Officer Last Enter or review the arresting officer’s last name.
Name
 Arresting Officer First Enter or review the arresting officer’s first name.
Name
 Arresting Department Enter or review the arresting department’s name.
 Arr. Dept ORI Enter the arresting department’s ORI.
 County Enter or review the county of arrest.
 Select the “Next” button to move to the next page.

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 Type of Test Enter or select the reason for the test being performed.
 PBT Result Enter the roadside PBT result if known.
 Date of Stop Enter the date of the stop or first contact.
 Time of Stop Enter the time of the stop or first contact.
 Case or ICR Number Enter the ICR or case number assigned to this test.
 Commercial Vehicle Enter whether the stop involved a commercial vehicle.
 Observation Start Time Enter the time the observation period began.
 Observed By Enter the name or identifying information of the person
performing the observation period.
 Select the “OK” button to start the test.
DISPLAY OPERATOR RESPONSE
 Diagnostic checks Observe all diagnostic checks pass

 Air blank – Virtual test record Observe blank
 Breath sample – Real time Attach mouthpiece and have subject provide an adequate
graph of subject sample sample. Remove the mouthpiece after the subject has
finished providing the sample.
 Control sample – Virtual test Observe control sample
record
 Breath sample – Real time Attach mouthpiece and have subject provide an adequate
graph of subject sample sample. Remove the mouthpiece after the subject has
finished providing the sample.
 Remarks Enter observations of subject behavior and sample delivery
along with other remarks.
 Signature Sign the record on the display using the stylus.
 Printing Observe test record printing
Exercise 9 ************************************************************************************
OBJECTIVE: Print a test record after a printer error.
 Correct the printer problem then select “Copy” on the DMT display.
(Note: Printing a test record with the “copy” button applies only to the last test run.)

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Exercise 10 ************************************************************************************
OBJECTIVE: Run a test with a deficient first sample.
 Press the “Run” button on the display to start a Minnesota Test Sequence.
 Enter information as requested by the DMT. At the "scan/swipe/manual" option, select “manual”
and enter the subject’s information manually through the keyboard.
SUBJECT SAMPLE 1
 Blow into the DMT until tone starts and the volume and AC is displayed then stop blowing when
the volume bar displayed is 1/3 filled.
 Allow the DMT to timeout a "Deficient Sample". This will take three minutes. Acknowledge the
deficient sample when the message box appears on the display.
CONTROL
 Observe the Control.
SUBJECT SAMPLE 2
 Because the first sample was deficient there will be no request for a second sample.
Exercise 11 ************************************************************************************
OBJECTIVE: Log out of the DMT.
 Press the “DMT icon” on the display to show the drop down menu.
 Select ‘Security’ then ‘Logout’. Your name should no longer appear in the lower left portion of the
display.

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The next four (4) exercises will be run at stations 1,2,3,4. Beginning at the instrument you are
currently at, follow the instructions for that station. When the person working at the station to
your left has completed their work, advance clockwise around the instrument pod to the next
station. Read the instructions for each station's exercise before you begin doing the exercise.
STATION 1 ***********************************************************************************
OBJECTIVE: Observe the effect of two samples outside of .02 agreement.
 Log into the DMT using your operator credentials.
 Press the F1 key or ‘RUN’ button to start a test.
 Enter the data the DMT requests.
SUBJECT SAMPLE 1
 When the display reads "PLEASE BLOW", connect the 0.08 AC simulator to the breath tube and
put your mouthpiece in the piece of tubing on the simulator inlet tube.
 Blow an adequate sample through the simulator into the DMT.
 As soon as you complete blowing this sample, disconnect the simulator from the breath
tube.
CONTROL
 Observe the control.
SUBJECT SAMPLE 2
 When the display reads "PLEASE BLOW", connect your mouthpiece to the breath tube and blow
an adequate sample.
 The DMT will display “.02 agreement not met” at the end of the test.
 Log off of the DMT.

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STATION 2 ***********************************************************************************
OBJECTIVE: Observe the effect of acetone in a subject sample.
SUBJECT SAMPLE 1
 When the display reads "PLEASE BLOW", connect the "acetone" simulator to the breath tube and
place your mouthpiece in the piece of tubing on the simulator inlet tube.
 Blow an adequate sample into the DMT through the simulator containing acetone. The DMT will
display “Interference” instead of the AC result.
 As soon as you complete blowing this sample, disconnect the simulator from the breath
tube.
CONTROL
 Observe the Control.
SUBJECT SAMPLE 2
 Note: The above situation will result in no request for a second sample.

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STATION 3 ***********************************************************************************
OBJECTIVE: Observe the effect of ethanol introduced during an air blank.
SUBJECT SAMPLE 1
 When the display reads "PLEASE BLOW", place your mouthpiece in the breath tube and blow an
adequate sample.
 As soon as you complete blowing this sample, remove the mouthpiece from the breath tube
and place the open container next to the breath tube.
 During the air blank the instrument will draw in the ambient alcohol from around the
container and display ‘blank error’.
CONTROL
 Note: The above situation will result in no control sample and no request for a second sample.

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STATION 4 ***********************************************************************************
OBJECTIVE: Observe the effect of mouth alcohol on a subject sample.
 Swish your mouth with alcohol provided.
SUBJECT SAMPLE 1
 When the display reads "PLEASE BLOW", place your mouthpiece in the breath tube and blow an
adequate sample.
 As soon as you complete blowing this sample, remove your mouthpiece from the breath
tube.
 Acknowledge the “Invalid sample” when the message box appears on the display.
CONTROL
 Observe the Control.
SUBJECT SAMPLE 2
 Note: The above situation will result in no request for a second sample.

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Pharmacology and Toxicology of Alcohol

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Pharmacology and
Toxicology of Alcohol

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Instructor _____________________________

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Absorption of Alcohol
Ethanol can enter the human body in several different ways: injection, inhalation, and ingestion.
Ethanol has not been observed to accumulate in the body as a result of absorption through the skin.
Injection of ethanol directly into the body is an extremely dangerous procedure because it produces a
localized concentration of ethanol that can severely affect the heart and other vital organs (this
phenomenon is referred to as the "bolus effect").
Another possible route for ethanol to enter the body is through inhalation of alcoholic vapors. When
the alcoholic vapors come into contact with the lungs and mucous membranes lining the nasal
passages and throat, the ethanol can diffuse through these membranes into the blood. However, to
reach significant levels of alcohol concentration requires exposure to a severely irritating environment
for an extended period of time. It is, therefore, very unlikely that any individual would become
intoxicated in this manner.
The usual method for alcohol to enter the body is by ingestion of an alcoholic beverage. Ethanol
is not digested, but absorbed unchanged. The absorption of ethyl alcohol begins immediately following
the introduction of the alcoholic beverage into the digestive system. Ethanol is readily absorbed through
all mucosal surfaces, including the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract.
Alcohol can be absorbed through the lining of the mouth; however, the amount is normally
insignificant since fluid leaves the mouth rapidly. A mouth rinsed with liquor will be free of residual
alcohol in less than 15 minutes. About 20 to 30 percent of alcohol is absorbed through the stomach
wall. The remainder, about 70 to 80 percent of alcohol, is absorbed from the duodenum, the first 8 to
10 inches of the small intestine.
Rate of Absorption
Absorption rates vary somewhat from person to person. Individual absorption rates can also vary
depending on the condition of the body. Alcohol begins to pass into the blood stream within one to
two minutes after it is consumed. Most alcohol is absorbed within 15 minutes, nearly 90 percent within
one hour, and the rest within about 1.5 hours.
A portion of the ethyl alcohol can be absorbed into the blood through the walls of the stomach. The
length of time the ethanol remains in the stomach before being passed on to the remainder of the
gastrointestinal tract can vary due to several factors. The most significant factor is the amount of food
in the stomach. The pyloric sphincter controls the passage of material from the stomach to the small
intestine. On a full stomach, the pyloric sphincter remains closed longer. Ethanol remains in the
stomach for a longer period of time delaying its absorption. Slowing the alcohol absorption decreases
the peak alcohol concentration and may prolong the time to reach the peak concentration.
When subjects weighing 150-pounds consumed 1-ounce of 50 percent by volume whiskey every
hour their alcohol concentration (AC) rose slowly, reaching 0.05 after 7 hours. When the dose was
doubled their AC rose rapidly, reaching 0.12 in less than 2.5 hours. Individuals who consume several
drinks in a very short period may not reach their peak AC until 45 to 75 minutes after consuming the
last drink. A heavier person needs to consume more alcohol than a lighter one to attain the same AC.

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The AC curve when drinks are consumed successively over time
0.20
0.18
0.16
0.14
0.12
% BrAC 0.10
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0.00
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Time in hours
24male subjects 1 oz. /hr /150lbs. 10 male subjects 2 oz. /hr /150lbs.
Distribution of Alcohol
Once ethanol has been absorbed, it travels via the blood stream from the stomach and small
intestine to the liver, then to the right heart, lungs, left heart, and then to the brain and the rest of the
body.
The amount of ethanol in the organs and tissues depends on the water content of each tissue or
organ. Since ethyl alcohol is miscible with water, it will rapidly diffuse from an area of high alcohol
concentration to an area of low concentration.

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Alcohol has an affinity or attraction for water so alcohol distributes into body tissues and fluids
according to their water content. The distribution ratios below are average values for alcohol in tissues
and fluids compared to alcohol in whole blood, which has been assigned a value of 1.0.
Breath 0.00043 Blood Serum 1.2 Liver 0.9

Urine 1.3 Blood Clot 0.8 Fat 0.02
Brain 0.8 Saliva 1.1 Whole body – men 0.67
Blood Plasma 1.2 Vitreous Humor 1.2 Whole body – women 0.55
During early absorption phases of drinking, the AC in arterial blood can exceed the AC in peripheral
venous blood. At all times, however, the blood as it passes through the lungs and the brain is similar
in alcohol content.
Body Type and Total Body Water

The total amount of water in the body can vary from one individual to another based upon the
weight (mass) of the person. Assuming the same body type, a 200 pound man must consume more
ethanol than a 100 pound man to reach the same alcohol concentration. This is because the 200 pound
man has more body water to dilute the alcohol. The amount of fat tissue also affects the total amount
of body water. Since fat tissue has very little water it does not absorb ethyl alcohol. A 200 pound obese
person will have less body water to dilute the alcohol than a 200 pound lean person.
Gender
Total body water content also varies according to gender. On average, women have less body
water than men do on a per pound basis due to body composition. The same ethanol intake in terms
of body weight results in a higher alcohol concentration in women than in men. For example, a 100
pound man would have to consume more alcohol than a 100 pound woman to achieve the same
concentration, because the man has more water in his body with which to dilute the ethyl alcohol.

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Brain
Lungs
Heart
Liver Stomach
Large Intestine Small Intestine
Brain and Internal Organs
Elimination of Alcohol
Alcohol is removed or eliminated from the body by metabolism and excretion. Between 90 and 98
percent of alcohol is metabolized (or oxidized) by the liver. As the alcohol is transported through the
body with the blood, the liver continually metabolizes using the enzyme Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH).
The ethanol is oxidized to simpler compounds such as acetaldehyde and acetic acid. These are then
broken down by other processes into carbon dioxide and water.
An individual's rate of metabolism is fairly constant, but the elimination rate can vary from person
to person. The average rate of elimination is 0.015 AC per hour and the normal range of reported
elimination rates varies from about 0.010-0.025 g/210 L per hour. Higher rates can occur in individuals
that are alcohol abusers or alcohol dependent.
Since ethyl alcohol is miscible with water, between two and ten percent of ethanol is excreted
unchanged in urine, sweat, and breath. Excretion of ethanol in the breath is the basis of the breath
alcohol test. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the small tissue sacs of the lungs
called the alveoli. The lungs contain about 300 million alveoli. Blood vessels in the lungs end in
capillaries in the walls of the alveoli. Alcohol from the blood is imparted to the alveolar (deep lung) air
through the alveoli. Alcohol in the alveolar air is in equilibrium with alcohol in the blood, and the
accepted ratio of alcohol in the alveolar air to alcohol in the blood is 2100 to 1.
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Lung Alveoli
Elimination is time dependent. Any attempt to eliminate alcohol through increased perspiration,
urine output or drinking coffee has little or no effect.
Effects on the Body

Skin. Alcohol is an antiseptic. It imparts a cool and soothing feeling when rubbed on skin. Following
absorption, alcohol enlarges the capillary blood vessels near the skin, which increases
circulation and causes the flushed appearance of the drinker.
Circulation. A single drinking episode has little effect on the circulatory system, other than the effect
on the skin described above. At ACs of 0.45 or higher, death may result from respiratory arrest.
Liver. Alcohol can interfere with the oxidative metabolism of other drugs, potentially causing liver
toxicity. Chronic alcohol use can cause a buildup of fatty tissue in the liver, inflammation, and
cirrhosis.
Kidney. Alcohol is a mild diuretic (it increases urine output).

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Effects on the Central Nervous System

Alcohol is a central nervous system depressant. Initially alcohol produces exhilaration due to a
depression of the inhibitory processes. As the AC rises a progression of deterioration that affects
concentration, decision-making abilities, coordination, and vision is followed by a loss of self-
restraint until finally automatic body functions, such as breathing, are affected.
Divided attention. Alcohol impairs divided attention skills (the ability to perform more than one task at
the same time) at ACs as low as 0.005.
Mental processes. Information processing and short-term memory are affected at an AC of 0.01.
Inhibitions are reduced at 0.02, the ability to concentrate is affected at 0.03, and judgment and
reasoning are affected at 0.04.
Vision. Tracking ability is affected starting at an AC of 0.01. Visual focus and scanning ability are
affected at 0.02. Horizontal gaze nystagmus begins to appear at 0.04. At 0.06 diplopia (double
vision) ensues, at 0.08 visual acuity is impaired, and at 0.09 glare recovery is affected.
Reaction time and coordination. Complex reaction time is affected at an AC of 0.02. Muscular
coordination and balance are affected at 0.04.
Driving. Evidence strongly suggests that impairment of some driving-related skills begins at ACs below
0.01. By 0.05 most individuals show impairment of driving skills, and at 0.08 all drivers exhibit
impairment of driving skills.

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Tolerance
Chronic tolerance. Chronic, heavy drinkers can develop a rate of elimination up to three times normal,
as well as greater tissue tolerance.
Acute tolerance. Tolerance can also be acquired over the course of a single drinking episode.
Individuals can learn to compensate for some of the effects of alcohol during a drinking episode
(for example, by standing with their feet farther apart to minimize swaying).
 Z
 X  Y
Mellanby Effect
X - Compare self to when sober

Y - Compare self to peak (Z)

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Symptoms of Alcoholic Influence
Common symptoms of alcoholic influence include:
Odor of alcoholic beverages on the breath Confusion

Flushed appearance Unusual mental changes
Muscular incoordination Unsteady gait
Disorderly or out of the ordinary conduct Sleepiness
Speech difficulties, such as slurred Nausea
Horizontal gaze nystagmus Dizziness
Impairment of attention or memory Tremors
Impaired social functioning Stupor or coma
Impaired judgment Vomiting
Any one symptom or combination of symptoms does not necessarily mean that the subject is
intoxicated, as some illnesses or injuries can produce similar symptoms. A low alcohol concentration
may indicate that the abnormal behavior of the subject is due to the presence of other drugs.
Alcohol Combined with Other Drugs

Alcohol has some degree of interaction with a wide spectrum of other drugs.
 Marijuana. Marijuana impairs divided attention skills, complex reaction time, and the ability to
concentrate. The combined effects with alcohol are synergistic.
 Stimulants (methamphetamine, cocaine, etc.). Enhanced impairment of divided attention skills
occurs when alcohol is used with either methamphetamine or cocaine.
 Depressants (sedatives, tranquilizers, etc.). A greatly enhanced depressant effect can occur
when alcohol is used with other CNS depressants. Use of depressants with alcohol can
cause serious problems.
 Narcotics (heroin, morphine, propoxyphene, etc.). The combination of narcotics and alcohol
creates a synergistic enhancement of the depressant characteristics of alcohol.
Blood versus Urine

Blood advantages. Drugs detected in blood indicate recent drug exposure. A blood test can sometimes
determine that the subject is under the influence of alcohol and/or other drugs, or if the subject
is misusing medication as prescribed by a physician.
Urine advantages. Urine is easier to obtain than blood. Drugs tend to be present in greater amounts
in urine than in blood, and they are usually detectable for longer periods following exposure.
Other Considerations
Endogenous alcohol refers to alcohol that is normally in the body, and it is generally at an AC of
less than 0.0001.
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Widmark Formula
Widmark Formula

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Widmark Formula
Instructor _____________________________

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Widmark Formula
Widmark Formula
Erik M. P. Widmark, a Swedish scientist and pioneer in alcohol research, developed the means of
estimating the amount of alcohol in a person’s body that produces a given alcohol concentration (AC).
This formula is used and accepted in the scientific community as a means to:
 estimate a person’s AC when the amount of alcohol consumed is known; or

 estimate the amount of alcohol in the body when the AC is known.
In the event of an alleged post driving consumption defense, the Widmark formula can be used to
estimate the contribution of the ethanol consumed after driving to the final result.
The Widmark formula to estimate the fluid ounces of pure Ethyl Alcohol (ETOH) in the body at the
time of the test is:
E = W * R * (AC100) * 16
SG
Where: E = Fluid ounces of pure ETOH.

W = Body weight
AC = Alcohol concentration
R = Widmark’s rho factor
SG = Specific Gravity of ETOH
Fluid ounces of pure ETOH (E)

After a person’s alcohol concentration is determined, the Widmark formula can
be used to estimate the fluid ounces of pure ethanol in their body at the time of
the test.
Body Weight (W)

The weight of the subject is printed on their driver’s license and captured by the DMT from the
driver’s license swipe during data entry. If the Widmark formula is being used for court
purposes the subject’s weight is often verified through testimony.
Alcohol Concentration (AC)

If the amount and type of alcohol a person consumed is known, the Widmark formula can be
used to estimate their alcohol concentration.
Widmark’s Rho Factors (R)

The rho factor represents the percent of a person’s body weight due to body water and is also
referred to as the volume of distribution. According to Widmark’s distribution ratios:
Men - 0.67 of the adult male’s total body weight absorbs alcohol, thus the R factor for
men is 0.67.
Women - 0.55 of the adult female’s total body weight absorbs alcohol, thus the R factor
for women is 0.55.

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Widmark Formula
Specific Gravity (SG)

Specific gravity expresses the density of a compound. There are no units to SG, it is simply a
comparison to water.
The SG of water = 1. A SG greater than 1 is more dense than water. A SG less than 1 is less
dense than water. Ethanol has a specific gravity of 0.794. Through conventional rounding this
becomes 0.8.
Percent
Percent compares a partial quantity to the total quantity possible on a scale of 100. For example,
with a score of 27 out of 35 possible questions correct on a test, the percentage is calculated as
follows:
27 ÷ 35 x 100 = 77%.
In other words, if the test consisted of 100 questions, 77 would have been correct.
In Minnesota, a breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) is reported in g/210 L, which is statutorily

equivalent to measuring a blood alcohol concentration (BAC), which is reported in g/100 ml or a
urine sample, which is reported in g/67 ml. A BrAC of 0.08 g/210 L is equivalent to a BAC of
0.08 g/100 ml or % BAC. The alcohol concentration must be converted to the decimal equivalent
to be used in the Widmark Formula.
0.08% BAC ÷ 100 = 0.0008
Percent can also be used to determine a specific fraction of the whole. Alcoholic beverages are
labeled with percent ethanol concentration by volume (% by volume). The value listed indicates
the percentage of the beverage that is pure ethanol. To determine how many ounces of pure
ethanol are in a 12 ounce can of 4.5% by volume beer, first convert the percent ethanol
concentration to the decimal equivalent by dividing by 100.
4.5% ÷ 100 = 0.045
Then multiply the total volume of the beverage by the decimal form ethanol concentration.
ounces beverage x decimal equivalent of % by volume = ounces of pure ethanol
12oz. X 0.045 = 0.54 oz. pure ethanol
To determine how many ounces of beverage were consumed, divide the number of ounces of
pure ethanol in the subject’s body by the percent ethanol concentration of the beverage
consumed.
0.54 oz. pure ethanol ÷ 0.045 = 12 ounces of beverage

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Widmark Formula
A person has 2.5 ounces of pure ethanol in his body. How many ounces of 40% by volume vodka did
the person consume? First, convert the percent ethanol concentration to decimal form by dividing by
100.
40% ÷ 100 = 0.40
Then divide the ounces of pure ethanol by the decimal form of the percent ethanol concentration to
get the ounces of beverage.
ounces of pure ethanol ÷ decimal equivalent of % by volume = ounces beverage
2.5 ounces pure ethanol ÷ 0.40 = 6.25 ounces vodka
Proof
The alcohol contained in a beverage may also be labeled as Proof. This is easily converted to
% by volume by dividing by two.
Proof ÷ 2 = % by volume
If you have a bottle of rum that is 80 proof, what is the % by volume?
80 ÷ 2 = 40% by volume
This means that 40% of the bottle is pure ethanol.
Using the Widmark Formula

Determine the amount of pure ethanol in the body at the time of the test when a 200 pound male
has an AC of 0.15.
E = 200 * 0.67 * (0.15100) * 16

0.8
Step 1: Divide the AC of 0.15% by 100 to convert it from a percent to a decimal equivalent.
0.15 ÷ 100 = 0.0015
Step 2: Multiply the weight (W) in pounds (200), the Widmark rho (R) factor for men (0.67),
the decimal equivalent from step 1 (0.0015) and 16 (to convert from pounds to ounces).
200 x 0.67 x 0.0015 x 16 = 3.216
Step 3: Divide the result from step 2 (3.216) by 0.8 (the specific gravity of ethanol) to
convert the weight ounces of ethanol to fluid ounces of ethanol.
3.216 ÷ 0.8 = 4.02

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Widmark Formula
E = 4.02 fluid ounces of pure ethanol
The 200 pound man had 4.02 fluid ounces of pure ETOH in his body at the time of the test.
Suppose the subject had been drinking 86 proof or 43% by volume whiskey. Determine how much
whiskey he consumed.
ounces of pure ethanol ÷ decimal equivalent of % by volume = ounces beverage
4.02 (ounces of pure ethanol (E from step 3 above))
 0.43 (decimal equivalent of 43% by volume (43% ÷100 = 0.43))
= 9.34 (ounces of 43% by volume beverage)
The subject had 9.34 ounces of 86 proof or 43% by volume whiskey in his system at the time of the
test. He consumed a minimum of nine one ounce drinks.
If the subject was drinking 12 ounce cans of 4.5% beer, we can determine the number of beers in
his system as follows:
4.02 ounces of pure ethanol from step 3 above
 0.045 (decimal equivalent of 4.5% by volume (4.5% ÷ 100 = 0.045))
= 89.3 ounces of 4.5% by volume beer
 12 ounces per can of beer
= 7.44 beers
The subject had 89.3 ounces of 4.5% by volume beer in his system at the time of the test or nearly
7 ½ cans of 12 ounce beers.
As with any formula, if all but one of the quantities are known, the unknown can be solved. If we
know a person’s weight and the amount of alcohol consumed, the maximum AC can be calculated. It
is the maximum because the rate of elimination has not been considered.
AC = E * 0.8 *100
W * R * 16
AC = 4.02 * 0.8 * 100

200 * 0.67 * 16
Step 1: Multiply the ounces of pure ethanol (4.02) by 0.8 (the specific gravity of ethanol) to convert the
fluid ounces to weight ounces, and by 100 (to convert AC from a decimal to a percent
equivalent).
4.02 x 0.8 x 100 = 321.6

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Widmark Formula
Step 2: Multiply the weight in pounds (200), the Widmark factor for men (0.67) and 16 (to convert from
ounces to pounds).
200 x 0.67 x 16 = 2144
Step 3: Divide the result from step 1 by the result from step 2.
321.6 ÷ 2144 = 0.15 AC
A 200 pound adult male with 4.02 fluid ounces of pure ETOH in his body at the time of the test will
have an AC of 0.15.

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Widmark Formula
The alcohol concentration charts for males and females, which estimate alcohol concentration (AC) in
the blood, are based on number of drinks and body weight. To use these tables:
1. Count drinks consumed (one drink equals 1 ounce of 50% liquor or one 12-ounce bottle of beer).
2. Find the Alcohol Concentration listed under number of ‘drinks’ and opposite ‘body weight’.
3. Subtract from this number the alcohol concentration eliminated during the time elapsed since first
drink. Burn-off equals 0.015 AC per hour. Example: A 180 pound man has 8 drinks in 4 hours:
0.167 minus (0.015 * 4 = 0.060) = 0.107.
Body
Weight (lbs.) DRINKS
Males 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
100 .038 .075 .113 .150 .188 .225 .263 .300 .338 .375 .413 .450
110 .034 .066 .103 .137 .172 .207 .241 .275 .309 .344 .379 .412
120 .031 .063 .094 .125 .156 .188 .219 .250 .281 .313 .344 .375
130 .029 .058 .087 .116 .145 .174 .203 .232 .261 .290 .320 .348
140 .027 .054 .080 .107 .134 .161 .188 .214 .241 .268 .295 .321
150 .025 .050 .075 .100 .125 .151 .176 .201 .226 .251 .276 .301
160 .023 .047 .070 .094 .117 .141 .164 .188 .211 .234 .258 .281
170 .022 .045 .066 .088 .110 .132 .155 .178 .200 .221 .244 .265
180 .021 .042 .063 .083 .104 .125 .146 .167 .188 .208 .228 .250
190 .020 .040 .059 .079 .099 .119 .138 .158 .179 .198 .217 .237
200 .019 .038 .056 .075 .094 .113 .131 .150 .169 .188 .206 .225
210 .018 .036 .053 .071 .090 .107 .125 .143 .161 .179 .197 .215
220 .017 .034 .051 .068 .085 .102 .119 .136 .153 .170 .188 .205
230 .016 .032 .049 .065 .081 .098 .115 .130 .147 .164 .180 .196
240 .016 .031 .047 .063 .078 .094 .109 .125 .141 .156 .172 .188
250 .015 .030 .044 .059 .074 .089 .104 .118 .133 .148 .163 .178
260 .014 .028 .043 .057 .071 .085 .100 .114 .128 .142 .157 .171
For clarification, if the 180lb. male had all the alcohol from 12 ounces of 100 proof whiskey or twelve
12 ounce bottles of beer in his body at one time, he would have an alcohol reading of .250.
Body
Weight (lbs.) DRINKS
Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
90 .050 .101 .151 .202 .252 .303 .354 .404 .454 .505 .556 .607
100 .045 .091 .136 .182 .227 .273 .318 .364 .409 .455 .500 .545
110 .041 .083 .124 .165 .207 .248 .289 .331 .372 .413 .455 .496
120 .038 .076 .114 .152 .189 .227 .265 .303 .341 .379 .417 .455
130 .035 .070 .105 .140 .175 .210 .245 .280 .315 .350 .385 .420
140 .032 .065 .097 .130 .162 .195 .227 .260 .292 .325 .357 .390
150 .030 .061 .091 .121 .152 .182 .212 .242 .273 .303 .333 .364
160 .028 .057 .085 .114 .142 .170 .199 .227 .256 .284 .312 .341
170 .027 .053 .080 .107 .134 .160 .187 .214 .241 .267 .294 .321
180 .025 .051 .076 .101 .126 .152 .177 .202 .227 .253 .278 .303
190 .024 .048 .072 .096 .120 .144 .167 .191 .215 .239 .263 .287
200 .023 .046 .068 .091 .114 .137 .159 .182 .205 .228 .250 .273

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Definitions
Definitions

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Definitions
Instructor _____________________________

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Definitions
0.02 AGREEMENT NOT MET - DEFICIENT TEST

The subject provided two adequate breath samples, however the results between
the two breath samples exceeded the maximum allowed difference of 0.020. This
can be caused by mouth alcohol, but is more commonly a result of the subject
providing the two samples in an inconsistent manner. If mouth alcohol may be the
cause, conduct a new observation period before beginning a new test.
0.02 AGREEMENT NOT MET – SECOND DEFICIENT TEST

The subject provided two adequate breath samples, however the results between
the two breath samples exceeded the maximum allowed difference of 0.020. This
can be caused by mouth alcohol, but is more commonly a result of the subject
providing the two samples in an inconsistent manner. This has occurred on two
consecutive tests and may serve as a basis for statutory refusal.
ADJUSTMENT The portion of the certification procedure used when calibration criteria are not
met. This process is performed by factory trained BCA personnel in the lab.
AMBIENT FAIL The DMT was unable to establish a zero alcohol reference when measuring the
air around the instrument during the initial air blank. This can be caused by a poorly
ventilated room that does not allow for sufficient clearing of alcohol vapors, a
breath tube pointed toward a subject, room deodorizers or hand sanitizers, etc. If
possible, remove the source of ambient alcohol or move it farther away from the
instrument and begin a new test.
BLANK ERROR The DMT was unable to establish the same zero alcohol reference when
measuring the air around the instrument compared to the previous air blank. This
can be caused by a poorly ventilated room that does not allow for sufficient clearing
of alcohol vapors, a breath tube pointed towards a subject, room deodorizers or
hand sanitizers, etc. If possible, remove the source of ambient alcohol or move it
farther away from the instrument and begin a new test.
BREATH TUBE TEMP INVALID

The temperature of the breath tube is outside the proper range of 38°C to 50°C.
This can be caused by not plugging in the power cord, plugging it into the wrong
receptacle or damage to the breath tube or wires. Verify the power cord is properly
plugged in. After a sufficient warm up period begin a new test. If the message
persists contact the BCA.
CALIBRATION The procedure that verifies the accuracy of the adjustment and linearity of the
DMT.
CERTIFICATION The procedure performed on a DMT prior to being used in the field. This includes
instrument maintenance, adjustment (if needed) and calibration followed by
technical and administrative reviews.
CONTROL A material of known alcohol concentration that is analyzed to evaluate the

accuracy of the analytical procedure. The DMT uses dry gas standards at
approximately 0.08 g/210 L as the control.

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Definitions
CONTROL FAIL The result of the Control test is outside the acceptable range of .005 from the target
alcohol concentration. This can be caused by a data entry error if this occurs
during a control change test or could be an indication that the DMT needs an
adjustment.
DEFICIENT See Deficient Sample
DEFICIENT SAMPLE
One or more of the acceptance criteria for a breath sample was not met. The
subject must blow at a flow rate at or above 2.87 Liters per minute, must meet or
exceed the minimum breath volume of 1.5 liters,the alcohol concentration slope
must be sufficiently level., and the flow rate must drop below 2.87 Liters per minute.
Each of these criteria must be met in a single attempt during the three minute time
limit.
DEFICIENT TEST See 0.02 Agreement Not Met
DEPRIVATION PERIOD
See Observation Period
DETECTOR OVERFLOW
The instrument measured an alcohol concentration above the operating range of
0.600. This could be the result of mouth alcohol. Conduct a new observation
period and begin a new test.
FC See FUEL CELL
FILTER WHEEL ERROR

A misalignment of the filter wheel was detected. Begin a new test. If the same
message occurs, call the BCA Breath Alcohol Calibration Laboratory.
FILTER (1, 2 OR 3) WON’T ZERO

The DMT is unable to obtain a zero reference value at filter noted. Begin a new
test. If the same message occurs, call the BCA Breath Alcohol Calibration
Laboratory.
FUEL CELL Fuel cell is a technology used to measure the alcohol concentration on a person’s
breath. The fuel cell has two platinum electrodes with a porous acid-electrolyte
material between them. As the breath from the subject flows past one side of the
fuel cell, the platinum oxidizes the alcohol in the breath and produces acetic acid,
protons and electrons. The electrons flow through a wire from the platinum
electrode. The protons move through the lower portion of the fuel cell and combine
with oxygen and the electrons on the other side to form water. The more alcohol
oxidized, the greater the electrical current. The subject’s alcohol concentration is
calculated based on the current measured.

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Definitions
GAS FLOW ERROR

The DMT is not detecting gas flow from the dry gas cylinder. This can occur when
air flow from the dry gas cylinder is blocked or the tank has low pressure. Verify
the tubing in the dry gas chamber is not kinked. Begin another test. If the same
GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD)

A digestive disease that occurs when stomach acid flows back (refluxes) into the
esophagus. It is commonly alleged to be the source of mouth alcohol during a
breath test. See Observation Period.
GERD See Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
INFRARED (IR) A type of radiant energy that is invisible to the human eye. The DMT uses a
specific range of wavelengths (3.37 – 3.50um) where ethanol is known to absorb
infrared light.
INFRARED ABSORPTION
The technology used by the DMT to measure the alcohol concentration on a
person’s breath. Infrared light is directed through the sample chamber and onto
the detector. When breath containing alcohol is introduced into the sample
chamber, the alcohol absorbs some of the light passing through the chamber and
less light falls on the detector. This change in light intensity is interpreted by the
instrument in terms of the concentration of alcohol in the breath sample.
INTERFERENCE The expected ratios between the filters have been exceeded. The breath sample
submitted may contain a substance other than alcohol or a combination of alcohol
and an interfering substance. Obtain a warrant and collect blood or urine for
analysis.
INTERNAL STANDARD
A quartz plate that simulates a known alcohol concentration is inserted into the
light path. This is used to verify the accuracy of the calibration of the instrument.
The value of the quartz standard is established during adjustment and each
subsequent check during diagnostic tests must be within four percent (4%) of the
target.
INTERNAL STANDARD ERROR

The measurement of the quartz standard is outside of four percent (4%) of the
value established during the previous adjustment. Restart the test. If the same
INVALID The DMT detected a declining alcohol concentration during a subject’s breath
sample. This can be the result of mouth alcohol, however it can also be the result
of irregular blowing patterns by the subject. If mouth alcohol is suspected to be
the cause, conduct a new observation period before beginning a new test.
IR See INFRARED

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Definitions
MOUTH ALCOHOL
Alcohol vapors from recent ingestion can remain in the mouth for as long as 15
minutes or be reintroduced into the mouth from actions such as belching or
regurgitating stomach contents into the mouth. A 15 minute observation period
should be conducted to verify the alcohol concentration in the breath being
measured is not falsely elevated due to mouth alcohol.
OBSERVATION PERIOD
Recent alcohol ingestion or reintroduction of alcohol into the mouth from actions
such as belching, regurgitating or refluxing stomach contents into the mouth are
possible sources of mouth alcohol. Alcohol vapors can remain in the mouth for as
long as 15 minutes. A test subject should be observed for a minimum of 15
minutes prior to administering a breath test to ensure nothing is placed in the mouth
and nothing erupts into the mouth.
PUMP ERROR The DMT did not detect proper air flow through the instrument during an air blank.
This can be caused by a problem with the pump or an obstruction of the breath
path. Remove the mouthpiece from the breath tube during air blanks to prevent
this from occurring. Ensure the screen at the end of the breath tube is clear. Begin
a new test. If the same message occurs, call the BCA Breath Alcohol Calibration
Laboratory.
QUARTZ STANDARD
See INTERNAL STANDARD
RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE

High levels of radio frequencies have been detected and ended the test. This can
be caused by keying a radio in the vicinity of the instrument or a static discharge
to the breath tube that holds the RFI antenna. Turn off radios and restart the test.
RFI See RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE
STABILITY FAIL During the diagnostic test the instrument detected a shift in the detector voltage.
This is usually caused by ambient alcohol around the instrument. Also see
AMBIENT FAIL and BLANK ERROR. If possible, remove the source of ambient
alcohol or move it farther away from the instrument and begin a new test.
TANK PRESSURE LOW

The pressure in the dry gas cylinder is below 200 pounds per square inch (PSI).
This is a notification to the operator to ensure a new dry gas cylinder is available.
TANK PRESSURE INVALID

The pressure in the dry gas cylinder is below 25 pounds per square inch (PSI).
Replace the dry gas cylinder with a new dry gas cylinder and perform a control
change.
VERIFICATION The procedure that verifies the accuracy of the adjustment and linearity of the
DMT.

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Portable Breath Test (PBT) Instruments

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Instructor _____________________________

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Electrochemical Fuel Cell

Fuel Cell Diagram
Breath
ALCOHOL
e- e- e- e- e-
e- e- e- e- (-)
Acetic Acid
Fuel Cell
(+)
O2 H2O CO2
Platinum Black
Fuel Cell Housing
Porous Substrate
The fuel cell is a porous disk coated with a thin layer of platinum black on both faces and saturated
with an electrolyte. As a subject’s breath passes the upper surface of the cell the platinum oxidizes the
alcohol in the breath and produces acetic acid, protons and electrons. This is known as an oxidation
reaction. The electrons flow through a wire from the platinum electrode. The protons move through the
lower portion of the fuel cell and combine with oxygen and the electrons on the other side to form water.
The more alcohol oxidized, the greater the electrical current. The resulting electric current is translated
into a breath alcohol concentration and is digitally displayed. If there is no alcohol present in the breath
sample, no oxidation will occur. Because no electrons will be released, no current will be generated
and the result will be a zero reading.
The fuel cell is selective in what it reacts with (just alcohols) and it will not respond to acetone,
which may be present in the breath of diabetics, dieters or highly exercised individuals. It has no
significant cross sensitivity to any known substance that might be found in a living human subject after
a 15 minute deprivation period.
Dry Gas Cylinder Purchase

The State of Minnesota has a contract for the purchase of dry gas for PBT calibration. Contract
prices are available to State agencies and members of the State’s Cooperative Purchasing Venture.
Contact the BCA Breath Alcohol Calibration Laboratory to determine the current contract price.

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Dry Gas Cylinder Disposal

There are penalties for improper disposal or misuse of pressurized cylinders. Do NOT place
cylinders in the garbage. Completely drain the dry gas cylinder and contact your local refuse company
to determine the proper disposal procedure.
A dry gas cylinder draining tool can be used to drain and disable the valve of certain brands of dry
gas cylinders. If the tank is no longer pressurized the cylinder is recyclable. See Appendix 9 for
further information and purchasing details.

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ALCO-SENSOR III
Power
A nine-volt alkaline battery powers the measuring circuit of the Alco-Sensor III. The battery is
accessible through a sliding cover on the bottom of the unit.
Temperature
The operating temperature range is 20°C to 36°C (68°F - 98°F). Warmer temperatures improve
the performance of the instrument and prevent condensation within the detector. A liquid crystal
thermometer on its back indicates the instrument’s temperature (serial numbers above 1200000 have
a built in electronic thermometer that indicates the instrument’s temperature).
Controls
The Alco-Sensor has two controls, the “SET” button and the “READ” button. The “SET” button,
when fully depressed, will expel 1 ml of air or breath sample from the fuel cell chamber. It locks in its
fully depressed position. The “READ” button has two functions. When pressed slightly it releases the
“SET” button allowing the instrument to draw in a sample. Fully depressed it turns on the instruments
measuring circuit to provide a reading on the digital display.
Indicators
The Alco-Sensor has a three digit digital display.
Test procedure
1. Check the instrument temperature. If the temperature is between 22°C to 36°C, proceed to
step 2. If the instrument is cold, place it in a pocket next to the body for two minutes and then
recheck its temperature.
2. Depress and hold the “READ” button to observe 0.000 on the display, proceed to step 3. If any
other reading, clear the chamber by fully depressing the “SET” button. Wait 1 – 2 minutes and
repeat this step.
3. Press the “SET” button until it locks.
4. Place a mouthpiece on the sample port.
5. Ask the subject to blow steadily into the mouthpiece.
6. After allowing the subject to blow into the mouthpiece long enough to obtain deep lung air (no
less than three (3) seconds), press the “READ” button to take a sample. This must be done
while the subject is blowing.
7. Hold the “READ” button down for forty (40) to seventy (70) seconds after taking the sample to
allow the fuel cell to reach its peak. Note the highest reading obtained as this is the subject’s
breath alcohol result. (with serial numbers above 1200000 the read button does not need to
be held and the final result will be brightly illuminated)
8. Press the “SET” button to clear the fuel cell. If running another test, wait 1 to 2 minutes. If
testing is complete, store the instrument with the “SET” button depressed.
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Calibration check
This check eliminates the need to recalibrate the unit if it is within specifications. The operator
can check the calibration by using the following procedure.
1. Check the temperature (22 - 36°C).

2. Check zero reference (depress and hold the “READ” button to observe 0.000).
3. Depress the “SET” button.
4. Attach Alco-Sensor III to dry gas cylinder with regulator.
5. Depress the dry gas regulator button for five (5) seconds and press the “ON” button at Four (4)
seconds.
6. Hold the “READ” button down and observe display for peak reading, no change in AC for 5
seconds. If peak reading is greater than ± 0.005 from the known value of the dry gas, proceed to
Alco-Sensor III Calibration. (with serial numbers above 1200000 the read button does not need
to be held)
7. Depress “SET” button, and remove the mouth piece.
Calibration procedure
If the PBT result is greater than ± 0.005, it should be recalibrated by the following procedure.
Calibration requires the following:

Dry gas cylinder with regulator
Alco-Sensor mouthpiece
Small screwdriver or trim potentiometer tool
(for serial numbers below 1200000)
1. Check temperature (22 - 36 degrees C).

2. Turn calibration screw 1 full turn (360 degrees) clockwise (CW).
3. Check zero reference (depress and hold READ button to observe .000).
4. Depress SET button.
5. Attach Alco-Sensor III to the dry gas cylinder with a mouthpiece.
6. Depress the regulator button for five (5) seconds and push READ button at four (4)
seconds.
7. Calibrate by turning the Calibration Screw counterclockwise (CCW) when the display value
exceeds the known value of the dry gas until you reach the value of the dry gas. Repeat until
the value on the display does not change for 5 seconds. Example: AC on the dry gas
cylinder Label = 0.082. When display value = 0.083, turn Calibration Screw CCW until
display reads 0.082.

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9. After a 2 minute wait, use a NEW mouthpiece to run a CALIBRATION CHECK with the
same dry gas to confirm the calibration. THE RESULT SHOULD BE WITHIN (±0.005) OF
THE TARGET READING.
(for serial numbers below 1200000)
1. Check the unit’s temperature by pressing both the READ and SET buttons. (15 - 35 °C).
2. To enter into the calibration mode, depress and hold the SET button and depress then release
the READ button. When the temperature is being displayed, depress and release the READ
button three times within two seconds. “CAL” should be displayed followed by “bLn” .
3. Depress the READ button to perform the blank test. A moving dash “-“ should be displayed
followed by “Set” if the blank test is successful.
4. Depress SET button and “CAL” will be displayed.
5. Attach Alco-Sensor III to the dry gas cylinder with a mouthpiece.
6. Depress the regulator button for five (5) seconds and push READ button at four (4)
seconds.
7. A moving dash “-“ should be displayed followed by a calibration result. Calibrate by turning
the Calibration Screw until the value matches the value of the dry gas. Example: Simulated
Breath AC on dry gas Label = 0.082. If display value = 0.083, turn Calibration Screw until
display reads 0.082.
9. After a 2 minute wait, use a NEW mouthpiece to run a CALIBRATION CHECK with the
same dry gas to confirm the calibration. THE RESULT SHOULD BE WITHIN (±0.005) OF
THE TARGET READING.
Mouthpieces
Mouthpieces for the Alco-Sensor are packaged individually and are available through the
manufacturer, Intoximeters, Inc., 8110 Lackland Road, St. Louis, Missouri 63114, telephone is (800)
451-8639.

Authorized by: SB
ALCO-SENSOR IV
Power
A nine-volt alkaline battery powers the measuring circuit of the Alco-Sensor. The battery is
accessible through a sliding cover on the front of the unit.
Temperature
the performance of the instrument and prevent condensation within the detector. The unit has a built
in electronic thermometer that indicates the instrument’s temperature.
Controls
The Alco-Sensor IV has two controls, the “SET” button and the “Manual” button. The “SET”
button, when fully depressed, will expel 1 ml of air or breath sample from the fuel cell chamber. It
locks in its fully depressed position. The “Manual” button will allow the operator to manually take a
sample.
Indicators
The Alco-Sensor has a three digit digital display.
Test procedure
1. Place a mouthpiece into the sample port.
2. Check the instrument temperature, if any temperature between 10°C to 40°C is indicated
proceed to step 3. If the instrument is cold, place it in a pocket next to the body for two minutes
and then recheck its temperature.
3. After the “blank” check, press the “SET” button until it locks.
4. After “TEST” is displayed, ask the subject to blow steadily into the mouthpiece.
5. After unit takes the sample it will analyze it and display the AC result.
6. Press the “SET” button to clear the fuel cell.
7. Press the red eject button to eject the used mouthpiece, never pull it out. If running another
test, wait 1 to 2 minutes. If testing is complete, store the instrument with the “SET” button
depressed.
Calibration Check procedure

2. Check the instrument temperature, if any temperature between 10°C to 40°C is indicated
3. After the “blank” check, press the “SET” button until it locks.
Authorized by: SB
4. After “TEST” is displayed, connect unit to dry gas cylinder. Depress the regulator button for
five (5) seconds and at four (4) seconds press the MANUAL BUTTON.
5. After unit takes the sample it will analyze it and display the AC result. If the result is greater
than  0.005 from the known value of the dry gas cylinder AC, proceed to the Alco Sensor IV
Calibration procedure.
6. Press the “SET” button to clear the fuel cell.
7. Press the red eject button to eject the used mouthpiece, never pull it out.
When a unit does not read a simulator solution within acceptable limits (± 0.005) it must be re-
calibrated by the following procedure. The unit must be calibrated when its temperature is between
23ºC - 27ºC. If the temperature is not within the required range, the unit will not permit a calibration.

Dry gas cylinder
Alco-Sensor IV mouthpiece
Calibration tool
1. Remove battery cover to expose calibration switch access holes.
2. Insert a new mouthpiece and follow standard operation until ALCO-SENSOR IV displays a
blank reading of “.000”.
3. While “.000” is still being displayed, press BUTTON #3 and hold down until “.XXX” is
displayed (The actual number will be that used for the last calibration that was run). When
“.XXX” display appears, release button. If the temperature is not in the range of 23ºC -
27ºC, instead of “.XXX” the display will be “Tmp>” or “Tmp<” and the unit will “Void”.
Remove the mouthpiece and correct temperature before trying again.
4. If, after a few seconds, the display goes to “Set”, the SET BUTTON should be depressed
to cock sample pump. “.XXX” will return to the display.
5. With ”.XXX” shown on the display, if necessary, adjust the number up (BUTTON #1) or
down (BUTTON #2) until the value of the dry gas being use is displayed.
6. Push BUTTON #3 again and display will read “Cal”. This is the equivalent of “Test” in a
normal sequence.
7. Connect unit to dry gas. Depress the regulator button for five (5) seconds and at four (4)
seconds press MANUAL BUTTON. The microprocessor will analyze the output from the
FUEL CELL and will automatically accept the number that was programmed in Step 5.
8. Conclude the test as usual by pressing the SET BUTTON when “SET” appears. Remove
the mouthpiece at the intermittent BEEP.
9. After a 2 minute wait, use a NEW mouthpiece to run a CALIBRATION CHECK test with the
same dry gas to confirm the calibration. IT SHOULD BE WITHIN (0.005) OF THE
TARGET READING.

Authorized by: SB
Alco-Sensor IV MN (650A)
Subject Test Operation
1. Attach New Mouthpiece - Insert mouthpiece and the AS-IV will power ON when the mouthpiece
locks into place.
2. Instrument ON LED display sequence – On power ON the instrument will display and the
Operator should observe the following displays: Temperature, Date, Time and Test Number
3. Blank Cycle - The LED display will display:

3.1 “>”, “<” (alternating) – indicating checking baselines
3.2 “Wait” (sometimes) – indicating baselines settling
3.3 “Blnk” - followed by AS-IV sampling system opening (Click) to take a sample from
mouthpiece and manifold to verify they are free of alcohol.
3.4 “>”, “<” (alternating) –analyzing blank sample
3.5 “.000” – confirming the blank sample has no alcohol in it.
3.6 “Set” – Requiring the Operator to press the “SET” button to reset the sample system for the
subject sample
3.7 “>”, “<” (alternating) – indicating checking baselines
4. Subject Sample
4.1 “Test” When “TEST” appears, instruct subject on how to provide a breath sample.
“Take a deep breath and blow steadily into the mouthpiece for as long as you can”
4.2 “>”, “<” (alternating) –analyzing subject sample
4.3 “.088 %BAC” (Twice) –Result of sample analysis. Note the Subject’s Result.
4.4 “RECALL” – Press “RECALL” to display test result if required.
4.5 Press “SET” button to reset sample system
4.6 Press RED button to eject the Mouthpiece. Ends subject test sequence.
Accuracy Check Operation
1. Attach New Mouthpiece - Insert mouthpiece, the AS-IV will power ON when the mouthpiece
locks into place.
2. NOTE: If Accuracy Check is required because 30-day lockout has been exceeded – press and
hold down F1 when inserting mouthpiece - four □□□□ are displayed.
3. Instrument ON LED display sequence – The instrument will display Temperature, Date, Time
and Test Number.
4. AS-IV MN will continue with Subject Test sequence until:
5. “TEST” is displayed – Then Press the “RECALL” button
5.1 “CHK?” is displayed.
5.2 Press “MANUAL” CHEK is displayed briefly
5.3 4-digits displayed e.g. “0081”. This is the last accuracy check target value entered E.G
“0081”=0.081 %BAC.
5.4 Press “RECALL” to increase expected value and “MANUAL” to decrease expected value
5.5 Press F3 to confirm target value.
5.6 Displays flashing “CHECK”
5.7 Introduce standard gas sample 4 seconds press “MANUAL” while continuing flow for
1-second longer.
5.8 Press “RECALL to redisplay result before ejecting mouthpiece. Note display result.
Authorized by: SB
5.9 Press Red Button to eject the mouthpiece and Power OFF.
Calibration Operation
1. Attach New Mouthpiece - Insert mouthpiece while holding down F1.
2. AS-IV will power ON displaying four □□□□ when the mouthpiece locks into place.
3. LED display sequence – the instrument will display Temperature, Date, Time and Test Number
4. AS-IV MN will continue with Subject Test sequence until:
“.000” – confirming the blank sample has no alcohol in it.
5. When “.000” is displayed press and hold down “F3”
6. When “Set” is displayed press the “SET” button to reset the sample system for the subject
sample
7. 4-digits displayed e.g. “0081”. This is the last target Calibration value entered “0081”=0.081
%BAC.
7.1 Press “RECALL” to increase expected value and “MANUAL” to decrease expected value
7.2 Press F3 to confirm target value.
7.3 Displays flashing “CAL”
7.4 Introduce standard gas sample. Press “MANUAL” at 4 seconds while flow continues until
6 seconds.
7.5 Display will show the Calibration value.
8. After Calibration AS-IV will display “ACC CHK REQUIRED”
8.1 When mouthpiece is inserted AS-IV will automatically go to step 5.3 of Accuracy Check
procedure.
Mouthpieces
451-8639.

Authorized by: SB
ALCO-SENSOR FST
Power
Two AA batteries power the FST. The batteries are accessible through a sliding cover on the
base of the unit.
Temperature
The operating temperature range is 0°C to 50°C (32°F - 122°F).
Controls
The FST has two control buttons, the “ON” button and the “OFF” button. The “ON” button turns
the instrument on and also allows the operator to capture a manual sample. The “OFF” button
powers the instrument down and is also used to select several other features of the instrument.
Indicators
The Alco-Sensor FST has a three digit digital display.
Test Procedure
2. Press the power on button and hold for 1 second.
3. Check the instrument temperature, if any temperature between 0°C and 50°C is indicated
4. After the “blank” check, “blo” will be displayed. Ask the subject to blow steadily into the
mouthpiece.
5. After unit takes the sample it will analyze it and display the AC result for 15 second before the
instrument will power itself off.
Calibration Check Procedure

1. Insert a new mouthpiece and turn the instrument on by pressing the “OFF” and “ON” buttons
simultaneously. Depress the “ON” button until the displayed message reads “ACC” and then
depress the “OFF” button.
2. Connect unit to dry gas cylinder. Depress the regulator button for for 5 seconds and press the
“ON” button (larger button opposite the display) at 4 seconds. The unit will analyze the output
from the fuel cell and will display an alcohol concentration (AC). If result is outside +/- 0.005 of
the target AC the unit must be calibrated.
3. Remove the mouthpiece.

Authorized by: SB
Calibration Procedure
When a unit does not read a dry gas cylinder within acceptable limits (± 0.005) it must be re-
calibrated using the following procedure. The unit must be calibrated when its temperature is
between 15ºC - 35ºC. If the temperature is not within the required range, the unit will not permit a
calibration.
Dry gas cylinder

Alco-Sensor FST mouthpiece
1. Press and hold the “OFF” button while turning the unit on. Press the “ON” button multiple
times until the unit displays “CAL”. Press and release the “OFF” button. The FST will
perform an air blank sample then display “CAL” (flashing).
2. Insert a new mouthpiece and connect unit to dry gas cylinder. Depress the regulator button
for 5 seconds and press “ON” button at 4 seconds. The unit will analyze the output from
the fuel cell and will display the last alcohol concentration that was used.
3. Set the display to the alcohol concentration you provided. To change the value press the
“ON” button until the number you want is displayed, then press the “OFF” button to move to
the next digit. Repeat until the desired value is displayed. After the third digit is accepted,
the display will flash three times and store the calibration.
4. Turn unit off. After a 2 minute wait, use a new mouthpiece to run a verification test with the
same dry gas cylinder to confirm the calibration. If result is outside +/- 0.005 of the target
AC the unit must be recalibrated.
Mouthpieces
451-8639.

Authorized by: SB
FC10 / FC20
Power
Four AA 3 volt alkaline batteries power the measuring circuits of the FC10 / FC20. The battery is
accessible through a sliding cover on the back of the unit.
Temperature
the performance of the instrument and prevent condensation within the detector. The unit has a built
in electronic thermometer that indicates the instrument’s temperature.
Controls
The FC10 / FC20 have two controls, the “Execute” button and the “Function” button. The
“Execute” button will allow the operator to manually take a sample. The “Function” button allows the
operator to choose different types of tests to run.
Indicators
The FC10 / FC20 have a graphical LCD backlit display.
Test procedure
1. Place a mouthpiece onto the sample port.
2. Turn on the unit. The instrument will perform a blank check and check the temperature, if
temperature is outside of 10°C to 40°C no tests can be conducted. If the instrument is cold,
place it in a pocket next to the body for two minutes and then recheck.
3. After “AUTO TEST” is displayed, ask the subject to blow steadily into the mouthpiece.
4. After unit takes the sample it will analyze it and display the AC result.
5. A sample can manually be activated by pressing the “Execute” button, if a subject doesn’t
meet the automatic sampling requirements.
6. Remove the used mouthpiece. If running another test, wait 1 to 2 minutes.
Calibration Check procedure

2. Turn on the unit. The instrument will perform a blank check and check the temperature, if
temperature is outside of 10°C to 40°C no tests can be conducted. If the instrument is cold,
place it in a pocket next to the body for two minutes and then recheck.
3. After “AUTO TEST” is displayed, press the “Function” button repeatedly until “Calibration” is
displayed then press the “Execute” button. “WET CHECK” will be displayed, change to “DRY
CHECK”.
4. Attach FC10/ FC 20 to the dry gas cylinder with a mouthpiece.
Authorized by: SB
5. Depress the regulator button for five (5) seconds and push READ button at four (4) seconds.
6. A graph should be displayed followed by a result. If the result is greater than  0.005 from the
known value of the dry gas cylinder, proceed to the FC10 / FC 20 Calibration procedure.
7. Remove the used mouthpiece.
When a unit does not read a dry gas alcohol concentration within acceptable limits (± 0.005), it
must be re-calibrated using the following procedure. The unit must be calibrated when its
temperature is between 19ºC - 37ºC. If the temperature is not within the required range, the unit will
not permit a calibration.
Dry gas cylinder

FC10 / FC20 mouthpiece
2. Press the “Function” button repeatedly until “Calibration” is displayed then press the
“Execute” button. Press the “Function” button until” DRY CHECK” is displayed. If the
value on the display and the dry gas AC matches, proceed to step 4.
3. Press the “Function” button until “CAL SETTINGS” is displayed, then press the
“Execute” button. Adjust the value on the display to match the simulator solution by
pressing the “+” or “-“ buttons. Press the “Function” button until “EXIT” is displayed then
press the “Execute” button. Press the “Function” button until “DRY CALIBRATE” is
displayed.
4. Connect unit to dry gas. Depress the regulator button for five (5) seconds and at four (4)
seconds press the “Execute” button. The microprocessor will analyze the output from
the fuel cell and will automatically accept the number that was programmed in Step 3.
5. Remove the mouthpiece.
6. After a 2 minute wait, use a new mouthpiece to run a Calibration Check test with the
same dry gas to confirm the calibration. It should read within ±0.005 of the target
reading.
Mouthpieces
Mouthpieces for the FC10 / FC20 are packaged individually and are available through the
manufacturer, LifeLoc Technologies Inc., 12441 West 49th Avenue Suite #4, Wheat Ridge, Colorado
80033, telephone is (800) 722-4872

Authorized by: SB
Appendices

Authorized by: SB
Appendices
Appendices

Authorized by: SB
Appendices
Appendices
Appendix 1 ............................................................................................................................................................................... 129
DMT Data Review 129‐130
Appendix 2 ............................................................................................................................................................................... 131
Minnesota Counties by Number 131
State Abbreviations 132
Appendix 3 ............................................................................................................................................................................... 132
DMT testing locations 132‐133
Replacement units available at these locations 133
Appendix 4 ............................................................................................................................................................................... 134
Breath Volume Tables – General Information 134
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) for Males 135
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) for Females 136
Appendix 5 ............................................................................................................................................................................... 137
Commissioner’s Order 137
Certificate of Procedure and Software Approval 138
Appendix 6 ............................................................................................................................................................................... 139
DMT Troubleshooting 139
Appendix 7…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………140
Importing DMT Results into eCharging 140‐141
Appendix 8………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….…142
References and Additional Reading 142
Appendix 9 ............................................................................................................................................................................... 143
Mouthpieces for the DMT 143
Mouthpieces for PBTs 143
Toner Cartridges for the Printer 143
Dry Gas Cylinders and Regulators 143

Authorized by: SB
Appendices
Appendix 1
DMT Data Review
Sample chamber: lowest reading of alcohol concentration from

Length = 54 cm an accepted sample and is reported with the
Volume = 23 ml time from which it is derived. If the values
Temperature = 48°C±4°C are identical, the first result will be the basis
for the reported value.
IR Source: Kanthal Infrared Source Lamp
Test sequence:
Infrared wavelengths: 1) Diagnostics
3.37 microns 2) Air blank
3.44 microns 3) Breath sample
3.50 microns 4) Air blank
5) Control
Detector: Lead selenide element electronically 6) Air blank
cooled to  0C. 7) Breath sample
8) Air blank
Internal tubing: 3/8" ID
Internal standard: A quartz plate is inserted
Reading updates: Infrared AC measurement into the IR light path during diagnostics. The
is updated approximately four times a absorbance is compared to the value obtained
second. during adjustment. These values must be
within 4%.
Sample acceptance: A breath flow of 2.87
L/m is required to initiate volume Printer:
measurement. 1.5 Liters of breath must be Hewlett Packard P1606 DN
provided, the rate of change of alcohol
concentration (slope) must stabilize, and the Physiological data:
flow rate must drop below 2.87 L/m for the Body temperature (normal): 37C (98.6F).
sample to be accepted as adequate.
Average rate of alcohol elimination: 0.015
Dry Gas: The control target will vary AC/hour
depending on the barometric pressure. The
range of acceptable readings is ±0.005 from Alcohol Concentration or AC = grams of
the control target printed on the test record. alcohol per:
The DMT monitors the expiration date and 210 liters of breath
will not allow a test to run if the cylinder has 100 mL of blood
expired or is less than 25 psi. 67 mL of urine
.02 agreement calculation: Using all results, Absorption – Alcohol is primarily absorbed in
subtract the lowest reading from the highest the small intestine.
reading. If the result is greater than .020, Distribution – Alcohol distributes into body
the test is not acceptable. tissues and fluids according to their water
content.
Reported Value: The reported value is
obtained by truncating the third digit of the
Authorized by: SB
Appendices
Elimination – Most alcohol is eliminated by the

liver.
Conversion factors:
Observation period – Alcohol deprivation time F = (Cx 1.8) + 32
of 15 minutes. C = (F- 32)  1.8
% by volume x .8 (specific gravity of ETOH) =
Mouth alcohol – Dissipates at an exponential % by weight
rate and is no longer present within 15 Fluid ounces 100% ethanol  % alcohol by
minutes of last exposure to alcohol. volume of beverage = fluid ounces of
beverage alcohol.
Widmark's Formula: Fluid ounces of beverage alcohol x % alcohol
When using these formulas: of beverage = fluid ounces of 100% ethanol.
AC = alcohol concentration Proof (US) = 2 x % alcohol by volume
W = body weight in pounds 100 proof liquor = 50% alcohol by volume
R = Widmark's R factor 80 proof liquor = 40% alcohol by volume
For Men R = 0.67 1 dL (deciliter) = 100 mL (milliliters)
For women R = 0.55
E = volume of 100% ethyl alcohol in fluid Ethanol Basics:
ounces Percent by volume is the most common way to
measure alcohol.
E = W x R x (AC 100) x 16 Percent by weight is used mainly for taxation
0.8 purposes and beer liquor control.
Fermentation produces ethanol when a sugar
AC = E x 0.8 x 100 and yeast are mixed. (14% by volume)
W x R x 16 Distillation purifies the fermented product. (up
to 95% by volume)
To solve for fluid ounces of alcohol: Fortification is mixing fermented and distilled
products. (0-95% by volume)
W x R x AC  100 x 16  0.8 = E
To solve for AC:
E x 0.8 x 100  W  R  16 = AC

Authorized by: SB
Appendices
Appendix 2
Minnesota Counties by Number

# NAME # NAME # NAME # NAME
01 Aitkin 23 Fillmore 44 Mahnomen 66 Rice
02 Anoka 24 Freeborn 45 Marshall 67 Rock
03 Becker 25 Goodhue 46 Martin 68 Roseau
04 Beltrami 26 Grant 47 Meeker 69 St. Louis
05 Benton 27 Hennepin 48 Mille Lacs 70 Scott
06 Big Stone 28 Houston 49 Morrison 71 Sherburne
07 Blue Earth 29 Hubbard 50 Mower 72 Sibley
08 Brown 30 Isanti 51 Murray 73 Stearns
09 Carlton 31 Itasca 52 Nicollet 74 Steele
10 Carver 32 Jackson 53 Nobles 75 Stevens
11 Cass 33 Kanabec 54 Norman 76 Swift
12 Chippewa 34 Kandiyohi 55 Olmsted 77 Todd
13 Chisago 35 Kittson 56 Ottertail 78 Traverse
14 Clay 36 Koochiching 57 Pennington 79 Wabasha
15 Clearwater 37 Lac Qui Parle 58 Pine 80 Wadena
16 Cook 38 Lake 59 Pipestone 81 Waseca
17 Cottonwood 39 Lake Of The 60 Polk 82 Washington
18 Crow Wing Woods 61 Pope 83 Watonwan
19 Dakota 40 Le Sueur 62 Ramsey 84 Wilkin
20 Dodge 41 Lincoln 63 Red Lake 85 Winona
21 Douglas 42 Lyon 64 Redwood 86 Wright
22 Faribault 43 McLeod 65 Renville 87 Yellow Medicine
State Abbreviations
AB State AB State AB State AB State
AL Alabama KS Kansas NC North Carolina WY Wyoming
AK Alaska KY Kentucky ND North Dakota
AZ Arizona LA Louisiana OH Ohio AB Canadian Prov.
AR Arkansas ME Maine OK Oklahoma AB Alberta
CA California MD Maryland OR Oregon BC British Columbia
CO Colorado MA Massachusetts PA Pennsylvania MB Manitoba
CT Connecticut MI Michigan RI Rhode Island NK New Brunswick
DE Delaware MN Minnesota SC South Carolina NF Newfoundland
DC District of MS Mississippi SD South Dakota NS Nova Scotia
Columbia MO Missouri TN Tennessee NT Northwest Terr.
FL Florida MT Montana TX Texas ON Ontario
GA Georgia NE Nebraska UT Utah PE Prince Edward Is.
HI Hawaii NV Nevada VT Vermont PQ Quebec
ID Idaho NH New Hampshire VA Virginia SK Saskatchewan
IL Illinois NJ New Jersey WA Washington YT Yukon
IN Indiana NM New Mexico WV West Virginia
IA Iowa NY New York WI Wisconsin NA Not Available

Authorized by: SB
Appendices
Appendix 3
DMT testing locations
Aitkin County S.O. Deephaven Police Dept La Crescent Police Dept

Anoka County S.O. - Andover Dodge County S.O. Lac Qui Parle County S.O.
Anoka County S.O. Douglas County S.O. Lake City Police Dept
Anoka Police Dept Duluth Police Dept Lake County L.E.C.
Apple Valley Police Dept Duluth Police Dept - West Lake of the Woods County
Appleton Police Dept Eagan Police Dept S.O.
Becker County S.O. East Grand Forks Police Dept Lakeville Police Dept
Belle Plaine Police Dept Eden Prairie Police Dept Leech Lake Tribal Police
Beltrami County L.E.C. Edina Police Dept Dept.
Benton County S.O. Elko New Market Police Dept Le Sueur County S.O.
Big Lake Police Dept. Ely Police Dept Le Sueur Police Dept
Blaine Police Dept Faribault County S.O. Lincoln County S.O.
Bloomington Police Dept Farmington Police Dept Lindstrom Police Dept
Blue Earth County L.E.C. Fergus Falls Police Dept Lino Lakes Police Dept
Brainerd Police Dept Fillmore County S.O. Mahnomen County S.O.
Breckenridge Police Dept Floodwood Police Dept Maple Grove Police Dept
Breezy Point Police Dept Forest Lake Police Dept Maplewood Police Dept
Breitung Police Dept Freeborn County L.E.C. Marshall County L.E.C.
Brooklyn Center Police Dept Fridley Police Dept Marshall Police Dept
Brooklyn Park Police Dept Golden Valley Police Dept Martin County L.E.C.
Brown County L.E.C. Goodhue County S.O. McLeod County S.O.
Burnsville Police Dept Grant County S.O. Medina Police Dept
Canby Police Dept Hawley Police Dept Meeker County L.E.C.
Cannon Falls Police Dept Hennepin County S.O. - Melrose Police Dept
Carlton County S.O. Brooklyn Park Mendota Heights Police Dept
Carver County S.O. Hennepin County S.O. - Mille Lacs County S.O.
Cass County L.E.C. Water Patrol Mille Lacs Tribal Police Dept
Centennial Lakes P.D. Hermantown Police Dept Minneapolis Police Dept
Champlin Police Dept Hibbing Police Dept Minnetonka Police Dept
Chatfield Police Dept Hopkins Police Dept Minnetrista Police Dept
Chippewa County S.O. Houston County S.O. Moorhead Police Dept
Chisago County S.O. Hoyt Lakes Police Dept Morrison County S.O.
Chisholm Police Dept Hubbard County L.E.C. Mound Police Dept
Clearwater County L.E.C. Hutchinson Police Dept Mounds View Police Dept
Columbia Heights Police Dept International Airport P.D. Mower County L.E.C.
Cook County S.O. International Falls P.D. MSP Hennepin Co
Coon Rapids Police Dept Inver Grove Heights P.D. MSP Olmsted Co
Corcoran Police Dept Isanti County S.O. MSP Ramsey Co
Cottage Grove Police Dept Itasca County S.O. Murray County L.E.C.
Cottonwood County L.E.C. Jackson County L.E.C. New Brighton Police Dept
Crookston Police Dept Jordan Police Dept New Hope Police Dept
Crystal Police Dept Kanabec County S.O. New Prague Police Dept
Dakota County S.O. Kittson County S.O. Nicollet County S.O.
Authorized by: SB
Appendices
Nobles County L.E.C. St. Cloud Police Dept Replacement units available
Norman County S.O. St. Francis Police Dept at these locations:
North Mankato Police Dept St. Joseph Police Dept.
Northfield Police Dept St. Louis County S.O. - Cook
Olmsted County S.O. St. Louis County S.O. - Duluth BCA Laboratory – St. Paul
Orono Police Dept St. Louis County S.O. - MSP 2100 Rochester
Ortonville Police Dept Virginia MSP 2200 Mankato
Osseo Police Dept St. Louis Park Police Dept MSP 2300 Marshall
Ottertail Co S.O. - Ottertail St. Paul Police Dept MSP 2600 St. Cloud
Paynesville Police Dept Staples Police Dept MSP 2700 Duluth
Pelican Rapids Police Dept Steele County S.O. MSP 2800 Brainerd
Pennington County L.E.C. Stevens County S.O. MSP 2900 Detroit Lakes
Perham Police Dept Swift County S.O. MSP 3100 Virginia
Pine County S.O. Todd County S.O. MSP 3200 Thief River Falls
Pipestone County L.E.C. Traverse County S.O.
Plainview Police Dept U of M Police Dept - Twin
Plymouth Police Dept Cities
Polk County S.O. - Fosston Wabasha County S.O.
Pope County S.O. Wadena County S.O.
Princeton Police Dept Waite Park Police Dept
Prior Lake Police Dept Waseca County S.O.
Ramsey County S.O. Washington County S.O.
Ramsey Police Dept Watonwan County S.O.
Red Lake Agency Wayzata Police Dept
Red Lake County S.O. West Hennepin P.S.D.
Redwood County L.E.C. West St. Paul Police Dept
Renville County S.O. White Bear Lake Police Dept
Rice County S.O. Willmar Police Dept
Richfield Police Dept Winona County L.E.C.
Robbinsdale Police Dept Woodbury Police Dept
Rock County S.O. Wright County L.E.C.
Rogers Police Dept Yellow Medicine County S.O.
Roseau County S.O. Zumbrota Police Dept
Rosemount Police Dept
Roseville Police Dept
Sartell Police Dept
Sauk Centre Police Dept
Sauk Rapids Police Dept
Savage Police Dept
Scott County S.O.
Shakopee Police Dept
Sherburne County S.O.
Sibley County S.O.
Silver Bay Police Dept
South Lake Minnetonka P.D.
South St. Paul Police Dept
Spring Lake Park Police Dept
St. Anthony Police Dept
St. Charles Police Dept.
Authorized by: SB
Appendices
Appendix 4
Breath Volume Tables – General Information
The following tables were derived from Title 29 Chapter XVII Part 1910.1043 Appendix C of the Code
of Federal Regulations (CFR).
The Code of Federal Regulations carries the following note:

"LEGAL STATUS
The contents of the Federal Register are required to be judicially noticed (44 U.S.C. 1507).
The Code of Federal Regulations is prima facie evidence of the text of the original
documents (44 U.S.C. 1510)."
Tables 1 and 2 on pages 135 and 136 list average predicted Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) data for male
and female subjects, respectively. The FVC is the total volume of air expired after a full inspiration.
The average predicted FVC values for African Americans must be multiplied by 0.85 to account for
ethnic differences. {See 29CFR1910.1043 (i) (2) (iii)}.
Here is an example of using the tables:
A 53-year-old, 5’9” tall male provides a sample of 3.12 liters of air. This would be 71% of his average
predicted FVC of 4.40 liters (3.12  4.40 x 100 = 71%).

Authorized by: SB
Table 1
Age Height
5'0" 5'1" 5'2" 5'3" 5'4" 5'5" 5'6" 5'7" 5'8" 5'9" 5'10" 5'11" 6'0" 6'1" 6'2" 6'3" 6'4" 6'5" 6'6" 6'7" 6'8" 6'9" 6'10" 6'11' 7'0"
60" 61" 62" 63" 64" 65" 66" 67" 68" 69" 70" 71" 72" 73" 74" 75" 76" 77" 78" 79" 80" 81" 82" 83" 84"
17 3.44 3.56 3.69 3.82 3.95 4.07 4.20 4.33 4.45 4.58 4.71 4.83 4.96 5.09 5.22 5.34 5.47 5.60 5.72 5.85 5.98 6.10 6.23 6.36 6.49
19 3.59 3.72 3.85 3.97 4.10 4.23 4.36 4.48 4.61 4.74 4.86 4.99 5.12 5.24 5.37 5.50 5.63 5.75 5.88 6.01 6.13 6.26 6.39 6.51 6.64
21 3.75 3.88 4.00 4.13 4.26 4.39 4.51 4.64 4.77 4.89 5.02 5.15 5.27 5.40 5.53 5.65 5.78 5.91 6.04 6.16 6.29 6.42 6.54 6.67 6.80
23 3.91 4.03 4.16 4.29 4.41 4.54 4.67 4.80 4.92 5.05 5.18 5.30 5.43 5.56 5.68 5.81 5.94 6.06 6.19 6.32 6.45 6.57 6.70 6.83 6.95
25 3.72 3.89 4.05 4.22 4.38 4.55 4.71 4.88 5.04 5.21 5.37 5.54 5.70 5.87 6.03 6.20 6.36 6.53 6.69 6.86 7.02 7.19 7.35 7.52 7.68
27 3.66 3.83 3.99 4.16 4.32 4.49 4.65 4.82 4.98 5.15 5.32 5.48 5.65 5.81 5.98 6.14 6.31 6.47 6.64 6.80 6.97 7.13 7.30 7.46 7.63
29 3.61 3.77 3.94 4.10 4.27 4.43 4.60 4.76 4.93 5.09 5.26 5.42 5.59 5.75 5.92 6.08 6.25 6.41 6.58 6.74 6.91 7.07 7.24 7.40 7.57
31 3.55 3.71 3.88 4.04 4.21 4.37 4.54 4.70 4.87 5.03 5.20 5.36 5.53 5.69 5.86 6.02 6.19 6.35 6.52 6.68 6.85 7.02 7.18 7.35 7.51
33 3.49 3.66 3.82 3.99 4.15 4.32 4.48 4.65 4.81 4.98 5.14 5.31 5.47 5.64 5.80 5.97 6.13 6.30 6.46 6.63 6.79 6.96 7.12 7.29 7.45
35 3.43 3.60 3.76 3.93 4.09 4.26 4.42 4.59 4.75 4.92 5.08 5.25 5.41 5.58 5.74 5.91 6.07 6.24 6.40 6.57 6.73 6.90 7.06 7.23 7.39
37 3.37 3.54 3.70 3.87 4.03 4.20 4.36 4.53 4.69 4.86 5.02 5.19 5.36 5.52 5.69 5.85 6.02 6.18 6.35 6.51 6.68 6.84 7.01 7.17 7.34
39 3.32 3.48 3.65 3.81 3.98 4.14 4.31 4.47 4.64 4.80 4.97 5.13 5.30 5.46 5.63 5.79 5.96 6.12 6.29 6.45 6.62 6.78 6.95 7.11 7.28
41 3.26 3.42 3.59 3.75 3.92 4.08 4.25 4.41 4.58 4.74 4.91 5.07 5.24 5.40 5.57 5.73 5.90 6.06 6.23 6.39 6.56 6.73 6.89 7.06 7.22
Authorized by: SB
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) for Males
43 3.20 3.37 3.53 3.70 3.86 4.03 4.19 4.36 4.52 4.69 4.85 5.02 5.18 5.35 5.51 5.68 5.84 6.01 6.17 6.34 6.50 6.67 6.83 7.00 7.16
45 3.14 3.31 3.47 3.64 3.80 3.97 4.13 4.30 4.46 4.63 4.79 4.96 5.12 5.29 5.45 5.62 5.78 5.95 6.11 6.28 6.44 6.61 6.77 6.94 7.10
DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0

47 3.08 3.25 3.41 3.58 3.74 3.91 4.07 4.24 4.40 4.57 4.74 4.90 5.07 5.23 5.40 5.56 5.73 5.89 6.06 6.22 6.39 6.55 6.72 6.88 7.05
49 3.03 3.19 3.36 3.52 3.69 3.85 4.02 4.18 4.35 4.51 4.68 4.84 5.01 5.17 5.34 5.50 5.67 5.83 6.00 6.16 6.33 6.49 6.66 6.82 6.99
51 2.97 3.13 3.30 3.46 3.63 3.79 3.96 4.12 4.29 4.45 4.62 4.78 4.95 5.11 5.28 5.44 5.61 5.77 5.94 6.10 6.27 6.44 6.60 6.77 6.93
53 2.91 3.08 3.24 3.41 3.57 3.74 3.90 4.07 4.23 4.40 4.56 4.73 4.89 5.06 5.22 5.39 5.55 5.72 5.88 6.05 6.21 6.38 6.54 6.71 6.87
55 2.85 3.02 3.18 3.35 3.51 3.68 3.84 4.01 4.17 4.34 4.50 4.67 4.83 5.00 5.16 5.33 5.49 5.66 5.82 5.99 6.15 6.32 6.48 6.65 6.81
57 2.79 2.96 3.12 3.29 3.45 3.62 3.78 3.95 4.11 4.28 4.44 4.61 4.78 4.94 5.11 5.27 5.44 5.60 5.77 5.93 6.10 6.26 6.43 6.59 6.76
59 2.74 2.90 3.07 3.23 3.40 3.56 3.73 3.89 4.06 4.22 4.39 4.55 4.72 4.88 5.05 5.21 5.38 5.54 5.71 5.87 6.04 6.20 6.37 6.53 6.70
61 2.68 2.84 3.01 3.17 3.34 3.50 3.67 3.83 4.00 4.16 4.33 4.49 4.66 4.82 4.99 5.15 5.32 5.48 5.65 5.81 5.98 6.15 6.31 6.48 6.64
63 2.62 2.79 2.95 3.12 3.28 3.45 3.61 3.78 3.94 4.11 4.27 4.44 4.60 4.77 4.93 5.10 5.26 5.43 5.59 5.76 5.92 6.09 6.25 6.42 6.58
65 2.56 2.73 2.89 3.06 3.22 3.39 3.55 3.72 3.88 4.05 4.21 4.38 4.54 4.71 4.87 5.04 5.20 5.37 5.53 5.70 5.86 6.03 6.19 6.36 6.52
135
Appendices
Table 2
Age Height
4'4" 4'5" 4'6" 4'7" 4'8" 4'9" 4'10" 4'11" 5'0" 5'1" 5'2" 5'3" 5'4" 5'5" 5'6" 5'7" 5'8" 5'9" 5'10" 5'11" 6'0" 6'1" 6'2" 6'3" 6'4"
52" 53" 54" 55" 56" 57" 58" 59" 60" 61" 62" 63" 64" 65" 66" 67" 68" 69" 70" 71" 72" 73" 74" 75" 76"
17 2.45 2.54 2.62 2.71 2.79 2.87 2.96 3.04 3.12 3.21 3.29 3.38 3.46 3.54 3.63 3.71 3.79 3.88 3.96 4.05 4.13 4.21 4.30 4.38 4.47
19 2.64 2.72 2.81 2.89 2.97 3.06 3.14 3.22 3.31 3.39 3.48 3.56 3.64 3.73 3.81 3.89 3.98 4.06 4.15 4.23 4.31 4.40 4.48 4.57 4.65
21 2.65 2.74 2.84 2.93 3.03 3.12 3.21 3.31 3.40 3.50 3.59 3.68 3.78 3.87 3.97 4.06 4.15 4.25 4.34 4.44 4.53 4.62 4.72 4.81 4.91
23 2.61 2.70 2.79 2.89 2.98 3.08 3.17 3.26 3.36 3.45 3.55 3.64 3.73 3.83 3.92 4.02 4.11 4.20 4.30 4.39 4.49 4.58 4.67 4.77 4.86
25 2.56 2.66 2.75 2.84 2.94 3.03 3.13 3.22 3.31 3.41 3.50 3.60 3.69 3.78 3.88 3.97 4.07 4.16 4.25 4.35 4.44 4.54 4.63 4.72 4.82
27 2.52 2.61 2.71 2.80 2.89 2.99 3.08 3.18 3.27 3.36 3.46 3.55 3.65 3.74 3.83 3.93 4.02 4.12 4.21 4.30 4.40 4.49 4.59 4.68 4.77
29 2.47 2.57 2.66 2.76 2.85 2.94 3.04 3.13 3.23 3.32 3.41 3.51 3.60 3.70 3.79 3.88 3.98 4.07 4.17 4.26 4.35 4.45 4.54 4.64 4.73
31 2.43 2.52 2.62 2.71 2.81 2.90 2.99 3.09 3.18 3.28 3.37 3.46 3.56 3.65 3.75 3.84 3.93 4.03 4.12 4.22 4.31 4.40 4.50 4.59 4.69
33 2.39 2.48 2.57 2.67 2.76 2.86 2.95 3.04 3.14 3.23 3.33 3.42 3.51 3.61 3.70 3.80 3.89 3.98 4.08 4.17 4.27 4.36 4.45 4.55 4.64
35 2.34 2.44 2.53 2.62 2.72 2.81 2.91 3.00 3.09 3.19 3.28 3.38 3.47 3.56 3.66 3.75 3.85 3.94 4.03 4.13 4.22 4.32 4.41 4.50 4.60
37 2.30 2.39 2.49 2.58 2.67 2.77 2.86 2.96 3.05 3.14 3.24 3.33 3.43 3.52 3.61 3.71 3.80 3.90 3.99 4.08 4.18 4.27 4.37 4.46 4.55
39 2.25 2.35 2.44 2.54 2.63 2.72 2.82 2.91 3.01 3.10 3.19 3.29 3.38 3.48 3.57 3.66 3.76 3.85 3.95 4.04 4.13 4.23 4.32 4.42 4.51
41 2.21 2.30 2.40 2.49 2.59 2.68 2.77 2.87 2.96 3.06 3.15 3.24 3.34 3.43 3.53 3.62 3.71 3.81 3.90 4.00 4.09 4.18 4.28 4.37 4.47
Authorized by: SB
43 2.17 2.26 2.35 2.45 2.54 2.64 2.73 2.82 2.92 3.01 3.11 3.20 3.29 3.39 3.48 3.58 3.67 3.76 3.86 3.95 4.05 4.14 4.23 4.33 4.42
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) for Females
45 2.12 2.22 2.31 2.40 2.50 2.59 2.69 2.78 2.87 2.97 3.06 3.16 3.25 3.34 3.44 3.53 3.63 3.72 3.81 3.91 4.00 4.10 4.19 4.28 4.38
DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0

47 2.08 2.17 2.27 2.36 2.45 2.55 2.64 2.74 2.83 2.92 3.02 3.11 3.21 3.30 3.39 3.49 3.58 3.68 3.77 3.86 3.96 4.05 4.15 4.24 4.33
49 2.03 2.13 2.22 2.32 2.41 2.50 2.60 2.69 2.79 2.88 2.97 3.07 3.16 3.26 3.35 3.44 3.54 3.63 3.73 3.82 3.91 4.01 4.10 4.20 4.29
51 1.99 2.08 2.18 2.27 2.37 2.46 2.55 2.65 2.74 2.84 2.93 3.02 3.12 3.21 3.31 3.40 3.49 3.59 3.68 3.78 3.87 3.96 4.06 4.15 4.25
53 1.95 2.04 2.13 2.23 2.32 2.42 2.51 2.60 2.70 2.79 2.89 2.98 3.07 3.17 3.26 3.36 3.45 3.54 3.64 3.73 3.83 3.92 4.01 4.11 4.20
55 1.90 2.00 2.09 2.18 2.28 2.37 2.47 2.56 2.65 2.75 2.84 2.94 3.03 3.12 3.22 3.31 3.41 3.50 3.59 3.69 3.78 3.88 3.97 4.06 4.16
57 1.86 1.95 2.05 2.14 2.23 2.33 2.42 2.52 2.61 2.70 2.80 2.89 2.99 3.08 3.17 3.27 3.36 3.46 3.55 3.64 3.74 3.83 3.93 4.02 4.11
59 1.81 1.91 2.00 2.10 2.19 2.28 2.38 2.47 2.57 2.66 2.75 2.85 2.94 3.04 3.13 3.22 3.32 3.41 3.51 3.60 3.69 3.79 3.88 3.98 4.07
61 1.77 1.86 1.96 2.05 2.15 2.24 2.33 2.43 2.52 2.62 2.71 2.80 2.90 2.99 3.09 3.18 3.27 3.37 3.46 3.56 3.65 3.74 3.84 3.93 4.03
63 1.73 1.82 1.91 2.01 2.10 2.20 2.29 2.38 2.48 2.57 2.67 2.76 2.85 2.95 3.04 3.14 3.23 3.32 3.42 3.51 3.61 3.70 3.79 3.89 3.98
65 1.68 1.78 1.87 1.96 2.06 2.15 2.25 2.34 2.43 2.53 2.62 2.72 2.81 2.90 3.00 3.09 3.19 3.28 3.37 3.47 3.56 3.66 3.75 3.84 3.94
Appendices
136
Appendices
Appendix 5
Commissioner’s Order

Authorized by: SB
Appendices
Certificate of Procedure and Software Approval

Authorized by: SB
Appendices
Appendix 6
DMT Troubleshooting
Lock-up - Keyboard
Unplug keyboard USB then plug it in again. Check keyboard for functionality. If it still does not respond,
turn off DMT. Unplug printer and keyboard USB from back of DMT. After DMT has been off for about
10 seconds, turn it back on. After the DMT has rebooted, plug in the keyboard (black) USB cable.
Press the Num Lock key on the keyboard and verify the light above the key turns on. If not, start the
process over from the beginning. If the light above the Num Lock key turns on, plug in the Printer
(white) USB cable. If the keyboard locked at any time during the test and the DMT had to be restarted
the test is lost and must be rerun. Wait until the five-minute warm up period is complete and begin the
test again.
Lock-up – Printer
Turn off DMT. Unplug printer and keyboard USB from back of DMT. After DMT has been off for about
(white) USB cable. Press the “Copy” button on the front of the DMT to verify the printer is responding
properly. After the five-minute warm up period is complete the DMT will be ready to begin a test.
Screen Freeze
Unplug keyboard USB then plug it in again. Check keyboard for functionality. If it does not respond,
turn off DMT. Unplug printer and keyboard USB from back of DMT. After DMT has been off for about
(white) USB cable. If the screen froze at any time during the test and the DMT had to be restarted the
test is lost and must be rerun. Wait until the five-minute warm up period is complete and begin the test
again.
Status Codes (Messages)

Refer to the Status Messages or Definitions Chapter of this manual or the flip chart attached to the front
of the DMT. Follow directions under “Response”. If the message is not listed, begin another test. If
you receive the same message on the second test, offer the subject a blood or urine test and call 651-
793-2777 during normal business hours.
For any problem that cannot be readily resolved, offer the subject a blood or urine test and call 651-
793-2777 during normal business hours.

Authorized by: SB
Appendices
Appendix 7
Importing DMT results into eCharging
The BCA’s DWI eCharging program and the breath testing database are integrated, allowing officers
to import the subject’s breath test or lab results during the eCharging process.
When the peace officer imports the test results the applicable data fields are automatically populated
and a PDF copy of the DMT Test Record (or the BCA Lab Report) is attached to the eCharging event,
relieving records staff from having to manually attach those important supporting documents.
One to two minutes after a DMT test record begins to print, the breath test results become available to
eCharging. On the eCharging Incident Details page, the officer simply clicks “Get Breath Test Results”
(Figure 1). The DMT tests run under that agency’s ORI since the date of arrest are displayed. SELECT
and IMPORT the test result and record (Figure 2).
DMT operators must remember that the breath testing database and eCharging are linked by the
ARRESTING AGENCY ORI. The DMT operator must accurately enter the arresting agency’s ORI into
the DMT during data entry. If the ORI is not accurately entered, the systems will not link and the test
data will not be available to the eCharging user.
 Should that happen, the arresting officer simply needs to enter the alcohol concentration, date
and time of the test sample and first and last name of the breath test operator.
Figure 1
Authorized by: SB
Appendices
Figure 2

Authorized by: SB
Appendices
Appendix 8
References and Additional Reading

Baselt, RC. Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man, seventh edition. Foster City, California:
Biomedical Publications, 2004.
Couper, FJ and Logan, BK. Drugs and human performance fact sheets. DOT HS 809 725. U.S.
Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia, 22161,
2004.
Garriott, JC (editor). Medical-Legal Aspects of Alcohol, fifth edition. Tucson, Arizona: Lawyers and
Judges Publishing, 2008.
Levine, B (editor). Principles of Forensic Toxicology, second edition. Washington, DC: AACC Press,
2003.
Moskowitz, H. and Fiorentino, D. A review of the literature on the effects of low doses of alcohol on
driving-related skills. Herbert Moskowitz, PhD, Incorporated, DOT HS 809 028, U.S. Department
of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia, 22161, 2000.
National Patent Analytical Systems, Inc. Product Overview DMT, 2010

Authorized by: SB
Appendices
Appendix 9
This information is provided as a convenience to agencies using breath testing equipment and is not a
directive to do business with these particular companies. The prices listed may change; check before
you order.
Mouthpieces for the DMT

CMI, Inc. Intoximeters
316 E. Ninth St. 8110 Lackland Road
Owensboro, KY 42301 St. Louis, MO 63114
(800)835-0690 Fax (502)685-6268 (800)451-8639 Fax (314)429-4170
Mouthpieces for PBTs

CMI, Inc. (SD-2 & Alco-Sensor III) Intoximeters (SD-2, Alco-Sensor III, IV & FST)
316 E. Ninth St. 8110 Lackland Road
Owensboro, KY 42301 St. Louis, MO 63114
(800)835-0690 Fax (502)685-6268 (800)451-8639 Fax (314)429-4170
LifeLoc. (FC-10 & FC-20)

12441 West 49th Avenue Unit #4
Wheatridge, CO 80033
(800)722-4872 Fax (303)431-1423
Toner Cartridges for the Printer

HP printers use an HP CE278A toner cartridge. These cartridges are available from most office
supply retailers.
Dry Gas Cylinders and Regulators for PBT Calibration – Call manufacturer for current prices
CMI, Inc 1-800-835-0690
Dry-Gas – 105 Liter
Dry-Gas tank regulator
Intoximeters 1-800-451-8639
PBT Dry-Gas – 108 Liter (C)
Dry Gas Cylinder Draining Tool
(works best with Intoximeters tanks)
LifeLoc Technologies, Inc. 1-800-722-4872

Dry-Gas – 105 Liter

Authorized by: SB

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DMT OPERATOR TRAINING MANUAL

Minnesota Department of Public Safety

Minnesota Department of Public Safety

Written and instructed by:

Hannah Clamons - Forensic Scientist

DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 iii

DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 v

General Course Information

DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 1

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DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 2

General Course Information

Required P.O.S.T Statement

The BCA endeavors to provide training in an environment free of discrimination or prejudice.

Class credit and fee

2. To maintain an active certification, an operator must take a recertification course periodically as

DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 3

Bureau of Criminal Apprehension and Laboratory Rules

DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 4

DMT Certification Course Schedule

Day 1: Tuesday Day 2: Wednesday Day 3: Thursday

Widmark Theory Written and Lab Finals

DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 5

DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 6

Concepts of Alcohol Testing

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DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 8

Ethyl alcohol Methyl alcohol

Isopropyl alcohol Ethylene Glycol Acetone

DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 9

Volume of Pure Ethyl Alcohol x 100% = Percent by Volume

Weight of Pure Ethyl Alcohol x 100% = Percent by Weight

Percent by Volume x 2 = Proof

DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 10

Ethyl alcohol is traditionally concentrated through distillation. This is accomplished by heating

Fortification is the process of increasing the alcohol concentration of a fermented beverage by

The names, sources and approximate alcoholic content of various beverages

Process Beverage Raw Material Percent by Volume

Whiskey Beer 40.0 – 55.0

Fortification Sherry, Port, Madeira Grapes 17.0 – 22.0

DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 11

Analytical Techniques for Measuring Alcohol Concentration in Breath

Chemical / Photoelectric Devices

Platinum Fuel Cell

DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 12

Preliminary Breath Testing Devices

Concepts of Breath Testing

A basic assumption underlies breath alcohol testing:

Strengths of Breath Testing:

Quick Results – The results are obtained very quickly.

Concerns with Breath Testing:

Cooperative Subject – The subject must be cooperative to give a proper sample.

Further analysis – The sample cannot be reanalyzed for drugs or alcohol.

History of Breath Testing

Timeline for DWI and Breath Testing

1621 – The Pilgrims landed in America

DMT Operator Training Manual v4.0 15

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