CHAPTER 12 – FLUID MACHINERY

1. The volumetric efficiency of a compressor having clearance factor c is given by:

A. 1+c - c(P2/P1)1/n
B. 1+c + c(P2/P1)n - 1
C. 1+c – c(P2/P1)n
D. 1+c + c(P2/P1)n + 1

Answer: A

2. In case of axial flow compression for minimum fluid friction and blade tip clearance losses,
the blades of an axial flow compressor are designed for ___________.

A. 80% reaction
B. 85% reaction
C. 60% reaction
D. 53% reaction

Answer: D

3. Centrifugal blowers can supply

A. large volumes of air at low pressure

B. small volumes of air at high pressure
C. large volumes of air at high pressure
D. small volumes of air at low pressure

Answer: A

4. Which of the following is a safety device on a compressor?

A. Relief valve
B. Strainer
C. Over speed shut down
D. Over pressure shut down

Answer: A

5. In a four stage compressor system, the first and third stage pressures are 1 and 9 kg/cm2
respectively. What is the fourth stage delivery pressure?

A. 9 kg/cm2
B. 81 kg/cm2
C. 27 kg/cm2
D. 243 kg/cm2

Answer: C

6. For a six compression of air set, the minimum work conditions are:

A. pressure rise per stage will be equal

B. work done in successive stages will be in geometrical progression
C. cylinder volumes will be same
D. temperature rise in the cylinders will be the same

Answer: D

7. Which of the following give the optimum intermediate pressure in case of two stage
compression?

A. P
B. P
C. P2 =
D. P2 = P1 +

Answer: C

8. In air compressor performance curve a surge line represents what?

A. limit of compressor efficiency

B. limit of compressor discharge
C. limit of stable operation
D. lower critical speed of shaft

Answer: C

9. Which of the following is a displacement compressor?

A. Reciprocating air compressor

B. Vane blower
C. Centrifugal blower
D. Axial flow compressor

Answer: B

10. Stalling of the blades of axial flow compressor is:

A. an unsteady periodic and reversal of flow

B. the fixed mass flow rate irrespective of pressure ratio
C. the reduction in lift force at higher angle of incidence D. all of the above

Answer: C

11. Surging is

A. an unsteady, periodic and reversal of flow in the compressor

B. the fixed mass flow rate irrespectively of pressure ratio
C. the reduction in lift force at higher angle of incidence
D. none of the above

Answer: A

12. In an axial flow compressor, the pressure rise takes place in:

A. fixed blades only

B. moving blades only
C. both fixed and moving blades
D. none of the above

Answer: C

13. An axial flow compressor is suitable for:

A. high volume flow rates with small pressure rise

B. low volume rates with low pressure rise
C. high volume flow rates with high pressure rise
D. low volume flow rates with high pressure rise

Answer: A

14. Which of the following is a positive displacement rotary compressor?

A. Roots blower
B. Centrifugal compressor
C. Axial flow compressor
D. None of the above

Answer: A

15. Choking is

A. change of mass flow rate in proportion to pressure ratio

B. change of mass flow rate in inverse proportion to pressure ratio
C. fixed mass flow rate irrespective of pressure ratio
D. all of the above
Answer: C

16. Crankshaft of a reciprocating compressor is basically made of what?

A. semi – steel
B. aluminum alloy
C. steel forging
D. cast iron

Answer: D

17. Most plant air system to operate the tool s and machines which require 70 to 90 psig are
maintained at __________.

A. 90 to 110 psig
B. 110 to 130 psig
C. 130 to 150 psig
D. 70 to 90 psig

Answer: B

18. The capacity of portable air compressors used for construction, mining, road building, and
painting ranging from _________.

A. 1 ft3/min to 2000 ft3/min

B. 30 ft3/min to 2500 ft3/min
C. 1 ft3/min to 2500 ft3/min
D. 30 ft3/min to 2000ft3/min

Answer: A

19. The capacity of portable air compressors used for construction, mining, road building, and
painting ranging from _________.

A. 1hp to 500hp
B. 1/2hp to 500hp
C. 1hp to 1000hp
D. 1/2hp to 1000hp

Answer: B

20. Most permanent installations use piston compressors available as stock items in size ranging
from

A. 1ft3/min to 2000ft3/min
B. 30ft3/min to 2500ft3/min
C. 1ft3/min to 2500ft3/min

D. 30ft3/min to 2000 ft3/min

Answer: B

21. Most permanent installations use piston compressors available as stock items of what
pressure?

A. 150 psi
B. 200 psi
C. 250 psi
D. 300 psi

Answer: A

22. When the piston is top center of the cylinder in a double-acting reciprocating compressor:

A. all suction valves are open and all discharge valves are closed
B. all suction valves are closed and all discharge valves are closed
C. all suction valves are closed and all discharge valves are open
D. all suction valves are open and all discharge valves are open

Answer: B

PAST ME BOARD EXAM

23. Pump use to increase air pressure above normal, air is then used as a motive power.

A. Air cooled engine

B. Air compressor
C. Air condenser
D. Air injection

Answer: B

24. A device used for raising fluids from a lower to higher level.

A. Compressor
B. Pump
C. Turbine
D. Blowers Answer: B

25. When a pump is operating at a vacuum of 4 in Hg, Which of the following is not correct?
A. The pressure is 25.92 in Hg

B. The pressure is 10.721 psia

C. The pressure is 158.4 torr
D. The pressure is 0.8663 atm

Answer: C

26. The amount of energy actually entering the fluid from a pump is the

A. brake horsepower
B. hydraulic horsepower
C. theoretical horsepower
D. hydraulic, theoretical, or water horsepower

Answer: D

27. Primary purpose of a pump in a fluid loop is to

A. add energy to the flow

B. add mass to the flow
C. extract energy from the flow
D. none of the above

Answer: A

28. The isentropic efficiency of a pump is given by the

A. ratio of actual to ideal energy extracted

B. ratio of ideal to actual energy supplied
C. ratio of ideal to actual energy extracted
D. ratio of actual to ideal energy supplied

Answer: B

29. The electrical efficiency of a device is the ratio of the:

A. electrical energy output to the electrical energy input

B. mechanical energy input to the mechanical energy output of the device
C. actual energy extracted to the ideal energy extracted
D. actual to the ideal energy input

Answer: A

30. The adiabatic pump efficiency is the ratio of the

A. electrical energy output to the electrical energy input
B. mechanical energy input to the electrical energy output of the device

C. ideal energy input to the pump to the actual energy input

D. actual energy extracted to the ideal energy extracted

Answer: C

31. A condenser’s water – circulating pump is belt-driven by an electric motor with an adjustable
pitch motor sheave. This sheave

A. permits adjustment pump speed

B. prevent overload and/or burnout of the pump and motor
C. prevents excessive wear on the belt and motor shaft bearings
D. facilitates belt replacement

Answer: C

32. The function of a pump or compressor is to

A. transfer heat from one fluid to another

B. increase the total energy content of the flow
C. extract energy from the flow
D. exchange hat to increase energy to the flow

Answer: B

33. An after cooler on a reciprocating air compressor is used primarily to:

A. cool the lubricating oil

B. condense the moisture in the compressed air
C. improve compressor efficiency
D. increase compressor capacity

Answer: B

34. A receiver in an compression system is used to

A. avoid cooling air before using

B. increase the air discharge pressure
C. collect water and grease suspended in the air
D. reduce the work needed during compression

Answer: C

35. Crankshaft of reciprocating compressor is basically made of:

A. semi-steel
B. aluminum alloy

C. Cast iron
D. steel forging

Answer: C

36. Cooling water system consists of equipment to dissipate heat absorbed by the engine jacket
water, lube oil and the heat to be removed from air intercooler is measurable to keep the engine
outlet water temperature constant and the differential of the cooling water at a minimum
preferably not to exceed:

A.10 to 30 deg. F
B. 10 to 50 deg. F
C. 10 to 20 deg. F
D. 10 to 40 deg. F

Answer: C

37. Which of the following is one of the most popular types of compressor utilized for
supercharging engine?

A. Roots type blower

B. Pule turbo charger
C. Constant pressure turbo charger
D. Turbo compressor

Answer: A

38. The power required to deliver a given quantity of fluid against a given head with no losses in
the pump is called:

A. wheel power
B. brake power
C. hydraulic power
D. indicated power

Answer: C

39. Fluids that are pumped in processing work are frequently more viscous than water. Which of
the following statement is correct?

A. Reynolds number varies directly as the viscosity

B. Efficiency of a pump increases as the viscosity increases
C. increased fluid friction between the pump parts and the passing fluid increases useful work D.
Working head increases as the viscosity

Answer: C

40. A reciprocating pump is considered positive displacement pump because

A. displacement of the liquid is affected by the displacement of the piston

B. positive pressure is given to the liquid
C. liquid is discharge with positive pressure
D. liquid is lifted due to the vacuum created inside the cylinder

Answer: A

41. To protect adequately the engine bearings, what type and better arrangement of lubricating
oil filter is most practical?

A. Full-flow type filter installed between the lubricating oil pump and the bearings
B. Duplex filter installed before the lubricating pump
C. Bypass filter with cleanable and replaceable elements
D. Splash lubricating system in the crank case

Answer: A

42. Medium pressure when applied to valves and fittings are suitable for a working pressure of:

A. 862 to 1200 kPa

B. 758 to 1000 kPa
C. 500 to 1000 kPa
D. 658 to 1050 kPa

Answer: A

43. The function of an unloader on an electric motor-driven compressor is to

A. reduce the speed of the motor when the maximum pressure is reached
B. drain the condensate from the cylinder
C. release the pressure in the cylinder in order to reduce the starting load
D. prevent excess pressure in the receiver

Answer: C

44. An unloader is used on air compressor to;

A. relieve air pressure

B. stat easier
C. stop easier
D. run faster

Answer: A

45. The performance of a reciprocating compressor is express as:

A. adiabatic work by adiabatic input B.

adiabatic work by indicated work
C. isothermal work divided by indicated work
D. isothermal work divided by adiabatic work

Answer: B

46. For reciprocating compressor slip at positive or negative displacement.

A. Cd = 1
B. Cd = 1
C. Cd < 1
D. Cd = 0

Answer: C

47. In order that cavitation will not take place in the suction line of a pump, what should be the
sum of the velocity head and pressure head at suction compared to the vapor pressure of the
liquid?

A. Sufficiently lower
B. Constant
C. Adequate greater
D. Equal

Answer: C

48. Which of the following components of a pump converts mechanical energy to pressure
energy?

A. Impeller
B. Valve
C. Shaft
D. Delivery pipe

Answer: A

49. Mr. De La Cruz wanted to buy a pump for his farm. What is suitable for deepwell?
A. Reciprocating
B. Airlift
C. Hand lift

D. Centrifugal

Answer: D

50. A tank contains H2O. What is the intensity of pressure at a depth of 6 meters?

A. 68 kPa
B. 58.8 kPa
C. 78.0 kPa
D. 48.7 kPa

Answer: B

51. In order to avoid cavitation the NPSH of an installation should be:

A. at least equal or greater than the NPSH of the pump

B. at least equal or less than the NSPH of the pump
C. equal to the NSPH of the pump only
D. greater than the NSPH of the pump only

Answer: A

52. The actual head, neglecting the kinetic energy in which the pump work against:

A. delivery head
B. pressure head
C. velocity head
D. suction head

Answer: B

53. Flow water in a pipe have a velocity at 10 meters per second. Determine the velocity head of
the water

A. 50.1 meters
B. 5.1 meters
C. 8.2 meters
D. 100 meters

Answer: B

54. Find the velocity head for a velocity of 18m/s.

A. 33.0 m
B. 0.92 m
C. 1.8 m

D. 16.5 m

Answer: D

55. The size of a steam reciprocating pumps is generally designated by a three-digit number size
as 646. The first digit designates

A. stroke of the pump in inches

B. inside diameter of the steam cylinder measured in inches
C. percent clearance
D. number of cylinders

Answer: B

56. If Qa is the actual discharge flow and Qb is the theoretical discharge flow, what will the
coefficient of discharge be equal to during positive displacement slip?

A. Qa x Qb
B. Qb/Qa
C. Qa/Qb
D. 1 – Qa/Qb

Answer: C

57. Two pumps are connected in series. If Q1 discharge of pump 1 and Q2 is the discharge of
pump 2 where Q1 < Q2, what is the discharge?

A. Q2
B. Q1
C. Q1 + Q2 D. Q1/Q2

Answer: A

58. A pump in which the pressure is developed principally by the action of centrifugal force.

A. Centrifugal pump
B. End suction pump
C. In line pump
D. Horizontal pump

Answer: A
59. A single suction pump having its suction nozzle on the opposite side of the casing from the
stuffing box and having the face of the suction nozzle perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of
the shaft.

A. Centrifugal pump
B. end suction pump
C. In line pump
D. Horizontal pump

Answer: B

60. A pump with a shaft normally in a horizontal position

A. Centrifugal pump
B. End suction pump
C. In line pump
D. Horizontal pump

Answer: D

61. A centrifugal pump whose drive unit is supported by the pump having its suction and
discharge flanges on approximately the same center.

A. Horizontal split case pump

B. End suction pump
C. In line pump
D. Vertical shaft turbine pump

Answer: C

62. A centrifugal pump characterized by a housing which is split parallel to the shaft.

A. Horizontal split case pump

B. End suction pump
C. In line pump
D. Vertical shaft turbine pump

Answer: A

63. A centrifugal pump with one or more impellers discharging into one or more bowls and a
vertical educator or column pipe used to connect the bowls to the discharge head on which the
pump driver is mounted.

A. Horizontal split case pump

B. End suction pump
C. In line pump
D. Vertical shaft turbine pump

Answer: D

64. A pump that takes suction from a public service main or private use water system for the
purpose of increasing the effective water pressure.

A. Horizontal split case pump

B. Submersible pump
C. Booster pump
D. Vertical shaft turbine pump

Answer: C

65. A vertical turbine pump with the pump and motor closed coupled and design to be installed
underground, as in the case of a deepwell pump.

A. Horizontal split case pump

B. Submersible pump
C. Booster pump
D. Vertical shaft turbine pump

Answer: A

66. An underground formation that contains sufficient saturated permeable material to yield
significant quantities of water.

A. Aquifer
B. Wet pit
C. Ground water
D. Well water

Answer: A

67. A timber, concrete or masonry enclosure having a screened inlet kept partially filled with
water by an open body of water such as pond, lake, or steams.

A. Aquifer
B. Wet pit
C. Ground water
D. Well water

Answer: B

68. Water which is available from a well, driven into water bearing subsurface strata (aquifer)
A. Aquifer
B. Wet pit
C. Ground water

D. Well water

Answer: C

69. The level with respect to the pump, of the body of water from which it takes suction when
the pump is not in operation.

A. static water level

B. pumping water level
C. suction head
D. discharge head

Answer: A

70. The level with respect to the pump, of the body of water from which it takes suction when
the pump is in operation.

A. static water level

B. pumping water level
C. suction head
D. drawdown

Answer: B

71. The vertical difference between the pumping water level and the static water level.

A. static water level

B. pumping water level
C. suction head
D. drawdown

Answer: D

72. Imparts velocity to the liquid, resulting from centrifugal force as the impeller is rotated.

A. impeller
B. casing
C. stuffing box
D. shaft sleeve

Answer: A
73. Gives direction to the flow from the impeller and converts this velocity energy into pressure
energy.

A. impeller

B. casing
C. stuffing box
D. shaft sleeve

Answer: B

74. A means of throttling the leakage which would otherwise occur at the point of entry of the
shaft into the casing.

A. impeller
B. casing
C. stuffing box
D. shaft sleeve

Answer: B

75. Protects the shaft where it passes through the stuffing box.

A. impeller
B. casing
C. stuffing box
D. shaft sleeve

Answer: D

76. Keeps internal recirculation down to minimum.

A. wearing rings
B. bearings
C. frame
D. coupling

Answer: A

77. Accurately locate shaft and carry redial and thrust loads,.

A. wearing rings
B. bearings
C. frame
D. coupling
Answer: B

78. Which of the following is used to mount unit rigidly and support bearings.

A. wearing rings

B. stuffing box
C. frame
D. coupling

Answer: C

79. Connects the pump to the driver.

A. wearing rings
B. bearings
C. frame
D. coupling

Answer: D

80. The most common means of throttling the leakage between the inside and outside of the
casing

A. packing
B. gland
C. seal gage
D. mechanical seal

Answer: A

81. To position and adjust the packing pressure.

A. packing
B. gland
C. seal gage
D. mechanical seal

Answer: B

82. Provide passage to distribute the sealing medium uniformly around the portion of the shaft
that passes through the stuffing box. Also known as water seal lantern ring.

A. packing
B. gland
C. seal gage
D. mechanical seal

Answer: C

83. Provides a mechanical sealing arrangement that taks the place of the packing.

A. packing
B. gland
C. seal gage
D. mechanical seal

Answer: D

84. A positive displacement pump consisting of a fixed casing containing gears, cams, screws,
vanes, plunges, or similar elements actuated by rotation of the drive shaft.

A. Rotary pumps
B. Reciprocating pumps
C. Deep well pumps
D. Centrifugal pumps

Answer: A

85. A positive displacement unit wherein the pumping action is accomplished by the forward and
backward movement of a piston or plunger inside a cylinder usually provided with valves.

A. Rotary pumps
B. Reciprocating pumps
C. Deep well pumps
D. Centrifugal pumps

Answer: B

86. A type of rotary pump, consist of an eccentrically bored cam rotated by a shaft concentric in
a cylindrically bored casing, with an aburment or follower so arranged that with each rotation of
the drive shaft a positive quantity of liquid is displaced from the space between the cam and the
pump casing.

A. Cam and piston pump

B. Gear pump
C. Screw pump
D. Vane pump

Answer: A
87. A type of rotary pump, consist of two or more gears, operating in closely fitted casing so
arranged that when the gear teeth unmesh on one side liquid fills the space between the gear
teeth and is carried around in the tooth space to the opposite side and displaced as the teeth mesh
again.

A. Cam and piston pump

B. Gear pump
C. Screw pump
D. Vane pump

Answer: B

88. A type of rotary pump, consist of two or three screw rotors so arranged that as the rotors turn
liquid fills the shape between the screw threads and is displaced axially ,as the rotor threads
mesh.

A. Cam and piston pump

B. Gear pump
C. Screw pump
D. Vane pump

Answer: C

89. A type of rotary pump, consist of one rotor in a casing machined eccentrically to the drive
shaft. The rotor is fitted with a series of vanes, blades or buckets which follow the bore of the
casing thereby displacing the liquid with each revolution of the drive shaft.

A. Cam and piston pump

B. Gear pump
C. Screw pump
D. Vane pump

Answer: D

90. A type reciprocating pump having a steam cylinder with no lap on valves, a water cylinder
and a common piston rod.

A. Direct acting steam pump

B. Crank and flywheel reciprocating pump
C. Power driven pump
D. Piston pump

Answer: A
91. A type of reciprocating pump driven by compound, cross compound, or triple expansion
steam engines.

A. Direct acting steam pump

B. Crank and flywheel reciprocating pump
C. Power driven pump
D. Piston pump

Answer: B

92. A type of reciprocating pump that receives its forward and backward motion of the piston
and plunger from the rotary motion of a revolving crankshaft by means of a crank and
connecting rod.

A. Direct acting steam pump

B. Crank and flywheel reciprocating pump
C. Power driven pump
D. Piston pump

Answer: C

93 A type of deep well pump which are refinement of the old hand pump that have played such
an important role in country home and small town water supply from wells.

A. Plunger pump
B. Turbine pump
C. Ejector centrifugal pump
D. Air lift

Answer: A

94. A type of deep well pump that represent the application of vertical centrifugal pump to deep
well service and are built for heads up to 305 meters and for capacities up to 26,495 liters per
minute.

A. Plunger pump
B. Turbine pump
C. Ejector centrifugal pump
D. Air lift

Answer: B

95. A type of deep well pump that has come into wide use for small capacities combines a single
stage centrifugal pump at the top of the well and an ejector or jet located down in the water.
A. Plunger pump
B. Turbine pump
C. Ejector centrifugal pump
D. Air lift

Answer: C

96. A type of deep well pump wherein compressed air is admitted to the well to lift water to the
surface, for successful operation of the system, the discharge pipe must have its lower end
submerged in the well water.

A. Plunger pump
B. Turbine pump
C. Ejector centrifugal pump
D. Air lift

Answer: D