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Background Knowledge of TBLT

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BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE OF TBLT

Task-Based language teaching (TBLT) is an approach to communicative


language teaching because a task involves a primary specialize in meaning, real-
world processes of language use and any of the four language skills such as
reading, writing, speaking and listening skills. It refers that teaching efficiency is
improved when the learners and their learning are the main target of attention rather
than the teacher. It is a communicative approach. The aim of Task-Based Language
teaching (TBLT) is to integrate all four skills and to move from fluency to accuracy
plus fluency.

Besides, Task-Based language teaching (TBLT) was presented as a logical


development of communicative language teaching by Jane Willis and other
proponents. As for the background, the idea of language is primarily a method of
creating meaning. There are multiple models of language inform Task-Based
language teaching (TBLT) which are structural, functional and interactional models of
language. Lexical units are central in language use and learning. Conversation is
that the central focus of language and therefore the keystone of language
acquisition. Meanwhile, the idea of learning is that the tasks provide both the input
and output processing necessary for language acquisition. The task activity and
achievement are motivational while the educational difficulty is negotiated and fine-
tuned for particular pedagogical purposes.

Moreover, Task-Based language teaching (TBLT) benefits students because


it is more student-centered, allows for more meaningful communication, and
infrequently provides for practical extra-linguistic skill building. Because the tasks are
likely to be familiar to the students and it are more likely to be engaged, which can
further motivate them in their learning. The main target is on the method instead of
the merchandise. The essential elements are purposeful activities and tasks that
emphasizes communication and meaning. Learners learn language by interacting
communicatively and purposefully while engaged in activities and tasks. As for the
activities and tasks is either people who learners might have to achieve in reality or
people who have a pedagogical purpose specific to the classroom. Those activities
and task of a task-based syllabus are sequenced in step with difficulty.
Based on the table below refers to Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT)
framework supports these conditions (exposure, use, motivation and instruction) in a
classroom environment :

EXPOSURE USE MOTIVATION INSTRUCTION


to as rich but of the language to to listen and read in language in
comprehensible do things in the language and example, chances
input of real example, to speak and write to focus on form.
spoken and written exchange in example, to
language in use. meanings. process and use
the exposure.

Furthermore, teacher’s and students’ have their roles respectively. As for the
teacher’s role that are implied are selector and sequencer of task. It defines because
the central role of the teacher is in selecting, adapting and/or creating the tasks
themselves and so forming these into an instructional sequence keep with learner
needs, interests and language skill level. Besides, preparing learners for tasks is
additionally one amongst the role. It means the activities might include topic
introduction, clarifying task instructions, helping students learn or recall useful words
and phrases to facilitate task accomplishment and providing partial demonstration of
task procedures.

Meanwhile, as for the students’ primary roles that are implied by task work are
group participant. Many tasks are exhausted pairs or in small groups. The second
role are monitor. In Task-Based language teaching (TBLT), tasks do not seem to be
employed for his or her own sake but as a method of facilitating learning. Class
activities should be designed so students have the chance to note how language is
employed in communication. Risk-taker and innovator defines as many tasks would
require learners to make and interpret messages that they lack full linguistic
resources and prior experience. The abilities of guessing from linguistic and
contextual clues, requesting clarification and consulting with other learners may
additionally have to be developed.
Teachers in Task-Based language teaching (TBLT) practises that any
attention to make, in example, grammar or vocabulary, increases the chance of
distracting learners from the task itself and caring with finding and correcting
mistakes and/or looking up language in dictionaries and grammar references.
Although there is also many successful structures to construct a task-based learning
lesson, Willis 1996 recommends the subsequent sequences of activities. Within the
pre task, during the introduction to topic and task, the teacher explores the subject
with the category, highlights useful words and phrases, helps students understand
task instructions and prepare. Within the task cycle, during the task phrase, students
do the task, in pairs or small groups and therefore the teacher monitors from a
distance. While, during the planning phrase, students prepare to report back to the
full class either orally or in writing how they did the task, what they decided or
discovered. During the report phrase, some groups present their reports to the
category, or exchange written reports and compare results. The last are the
language focus, during the analysis phrase, students examine and discuss specific
features of the text or transcript of the recording. While, during the practise phrase,
teacher conducts practice on new words, phrases and patterns occurring within the
data, either during or after the analysis.

Task-Based language teaching (TBLT) has its advantage and disadvantage


respectively. As for the benefits, it is applicable and suitable for students of all ages
and background. Students will have a way more varied exposure to language and
that they are unengaged to use whatever vocabulary and grammar they know,
instead of just the task language of the lesson. It allows meaningful communication
and students are exposed to a full range of lexical phrases, collocations and patterns
also as language forms. It encourages students to be more ambitious within the
language. As for the disadvantages, Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT)
requires a high level of creativity and initiative on the a part of the task. It requires
resources beyond the textbooks and related materials usually found in language
classrooms. It is not teacher-centered and it requires individual and group
responsibility and commit mention the a part of students. There is a risk for learners
to realize fluency at the expense of accuracy.

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