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    Joan Vecilla
    As an aspiring computer technician, it is important to understand the key hardware components of a computer system, which include the system unit containing the motherboard, CPU, memory, expansion slots and cards, power supply, hard disk drive, and optical drive. Input devices like keyboards and mice allow the user to enter data, while output devices such as printers and speakers allow the computer to display or communicate results. Ports and cables connect these internal and external components.

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    Handout

    Uploaded by

    Joan Vecilla
    88 views1 page
    As an aspiring computer technician, it is important to understand the key hardware components of a computer system, which include the system unit containing the motherboard, CPU, memory, expansion slots and cards, power supply, hard disk drive, and optical drive. Input devices like keyboards and mice allow the user to enter data, while output devices such as printers and speakers allow the computer to display or communicate results. Ports and cables connect these internal and external components.

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    As an aspiring computer technician, it is important to understand the key hardware components of a computer system, which include the system unit containing the motherboard, CPU, memory, expansion slots and cards, power supply, hard disk drive, and optical drive. Input devices like keyboards and mice allow the user to enter data, while output devices such as printers and speakers allow the computer to display or communicate results. Ports and cables connect these internal and external components.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    88 views1 page

    Handout

    Uploaded by

    Joan Vecilla
    As an aspiring computer technician, it is important to understand the key hardware components of a computer system, which include the system unit containing the motherboard, CPU, memory, expansion slots and cards, power supply, hard disk drive, and optical drive. Input devices like keyboards and mice allow the user to enter data, while output devices such as printers and speakers allow the computer to display or communicate results. Ports and cables connect these internal and external components.

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    As an aspiring computer technician, it is very important to know the different components of a computer system.

    These are the


    hardware, software and peopleware. Each component plays an important role, without each other computer systems will not work
    properly.
    1.1 Hardware- the physical, touchable, electronic and mechanical parts of a computer system.
    A. Major hardware components of a computer system
    The following list represents a basic set of hardware found in most PCs.
    1. System Unit- The main part of a microcomputer, sometimes called the chassis. It includes the following parts:
    Motherboard, Microprocessor, Memory Chips, Buses, Ports, Expansion Slots and Cards.
    2. 2. Motherboard / Mainboard / System Board- The main circuit board of a computer. It contains all the circuits and
    components that run the computer.
    3. 3. CPU (Central Processing Unit) - The processor is the main “brain” or “heart” of a computer system. It performs all of the
    instructions and calculations that are needed and manages the flow of information through a computer.
    4. 4. Primary storage- (internal storage, main memory or memory) is the computer's working storage space that holds data,
    instructions for processing and processed data (information) waiting to be sent to secondary storage. Physically, primary
    storage is a collection of RAM chips.
    Two (2) Types of Memory
    a. ROM – (Read Only Memory) ROM is non-volatile, meaning it holds data even when the power is ON or OFF.
    b. RAM – (Random Access Memory) RAM is volatile, meaning it holds data only when the power is on. When the power is
    off, RAM's contents are lost.
    5. 5. Expansion Bus - A bus is a data pathway between several hardware components inside or outside a computer. It does
    not only connect the parts of the CPU to each other, but also links the CPU with other important hardware.
    6. Adapters- Printed-circuit boards (also called interface cards) that enable the computer to use a peripheral device for which
    it does not have the necessary connections or circuit boards. They are often used to permit upgrading to a new different
    hardware.
    7. Power Supply Unit (PSU) - Installed in the back corner of the PC case, next to the motherboard. It converts 120vac
    (standard house power) into DC voltages that are used by other components in the PC.
    8. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) - Also known as hard drive, is a magnetic storage device that is installed inside the computer. The
    hard drive is used as permanent storage for data. In a Windows computer, the hard drive is usually configured as the C:
    drive and contains the operating system and applications.
    9. Optical Drive- An optical drive is a storage device that uses lasers to read data on the optical media. There are three types
    of optical drives: Compact Disc (CD), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) and Blu-ray Disc (BD).
    B. Input Devices - Accepts data and instructions from the user or from another computer system.
    Two (2) Types of Input Devices
    1.Keyboard Entry – Data is inputted to the computer through a keyboard.
    Keyboard - The first input device developed for the PC.
    2.Direct Entry – A form of input that does not require data to be keyed by someone sitting at a keyboard. Direct-entry devices create
    machine-readable data on paper, or magnetic media, or feed it directly into the computer’s CPU.
    Pointing Devices - An input device used to move the pointer (cursor) on screen.
    Mouse - The most common 'pointing device' used in PCs. Every mouse has two
    buttons and most have one or two scroll wheels.
    C. Output Devices - Any piece of computer hardware that displays results after the computer has processed the input data that has
    been entered.
    Printer - A device that prints text or illustrations on paper.
    LCD Projectors- utilize two sheets of polarizing material with a liquid crystal solution between them.
    Speakers - Used to play sound.
    D. Ports - External connecting sockets on the outside of the computer. This is a pathway into and out of the
    computer. A port lets users plug in outside peripherals, such as monitors, scanners and printers.
    E. Cables and Wires- A cable is most often two or more wires running side by side and bonded, twisted or braided
    together to form a single assembly, but can also refer to a heavy strong rope.

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