PTE ESSAYS

1. Mass Media

Mass media plays a pivotal role in our life. Many people and businesses rely on these mediums
for their day to day transactions. On the flip-side it also bombards us with too much or unwanted
information. This essay will shed a light on various aspects of this issue. Newspapers, radio,
television, and the Internet—including e-mail and blogs—are significantly influential on our
society, especially in affirming attitudes and opinions that are already established. The news media
focus the public’s attention on certain personalities and issues, leading many people to form
opinions about them
Mass media sets the news agenda, which shapes the public's views on what is newsworthy and
important. It is a system used by advertisement agencies and media outlets, such as television
channels and radio stations to "convince" their audiences to do or act in a certain way. It appeals
to the vulnerability of the desired target. For instance famous person or persons who are
recognized, admired by whole communities. These individuals have the "Power" to convince their
followers or fans into taking any kind of action or decision. Therefore, these famous people
usually are linked or work for some media outlet and are used, to influence the community
accordingly.

The media has changed significantly in the past years.  Because of the availability of television
and radio all populations and classes have been exposed to various types of media.  The Internet
has provided an even newer media resource. The majority of people live in a very fast paced
society.  They have very little time for reading and exploring the truth of information. The
producers of media publication are aware of this and use the media to influence public choice
and opinion.  The problem lies in that many people are gullible and society as a whole is easily
influenced by the media representations. The media also responds to public demand and provides
the information that the public craves.

A positive aspect of the media’s bias has been that it has facilitated change in people’s
perception of races in a positive manner, exposed people to other cultures, made people aware of
environmental needs, and the needs of people far away.  While there can also be negative
implications the media also has to reflect the public’s point of view.  With the growing
representation of Hispanics, African Americans, and other minority groups, the media is under
pressure to present them in a more positive light.

  

2. Climate Change/Global Warming

Since last few decades climate change is afflicting our planet severely. What really is the proper
role for individuals and institutions in addressing climate change? An immediate and natural
response may be that everyone should do their part. Yes it's is the duty of the government,
companies, and individuals to reduce carbon emission to save the planet. This essay will outline
the role of each party in combating climate change.
First as individual, we must significantly reduce the amount of heat-trapping emission we are
putting into the atmosphere. For example use of public transport instead of car or bike to
commute to office regularly by which we can save our own money and reduction in carbon
dioxide emission.
Second the institutions or the company decisions affecting carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, for
example, decisions by companies about how to produce electricity, as well as thousands of other
goods and services with less carbon emission.
Third and last to fully address the threat of global warming, we must demand action from our
elected leaders to support and implement a comprehensive set of climate solutions: such as,
expand the use of renewable energy and transform our energy system to a cleaner one. Place
limits on the amount of carbon that polluters are allowed to emit. Build a clean energy economy
by investing in efficient energy technologies, industries, and approaches. For example, increasing
in solar energy plants and decrease in thermal power generation.  Reduce tropical deforestation
and its associated global warming emissions.

Finally to conclude it is everybody responsibility to control the global warming to give better
future to our next generation.

3. Do you think consumers should avoid over packaged products or is it the

responsibility of producers? (Discussion Essay)

A matter of considerable controversy at present is the issue of whether it is the responsibility of

consumers to avoid the over-packaged products. Some people maintain that the producers are
the ones who should be held responsible for this matter.  Both sides of this contentious issue will
be put under scrutiny in this essay, and my opinion as to which holds more weight will be given.

To begin with, I will now consider what I hold to be the causes of this phenomenon. Packaging
ensures that people can buy and use products when they want them, in good condition and with
little wastage. However, it is undeniable that some goods have too much packaging. Moreover,
the packaged goods industry is highly competitive, and packaging manufacturers are under
pressure to come up with new and better packaging solutions to compete in their market. The
more resources the packaging needs, the higher the cost of the products and eventually,
consumers will have to bear that extra cost.

From consumers’ perspective, the packaging does not really matter for most buyers as what they
care about is the quality and the price of the products. From a personal experience, I am not
really concerned how the packaging actually looks as long as the item that I am purchasing is
what I need. In addition, it is worth pointing out that the packaging will be a waste of money and
investment no matter how good or how thick it is if the quality of the product does not meet the
requirement of the consumers.

Taking these points into consideration, from a personal perspective, I am inclined to believe that
manufacturers are more responsible to avoid over-packaging the goods as it would be wasting
the consumers’ money for no practical benefits. 

4. Many people think that regions affect successful person. What is your opinion about
native region and accomplished person’s influence on the region he belongs to
Whether one's success is very much dependent on his or her native regions is a debatable topic.
This essay will express complete disagreement with this statement and will offer reasons for this
viewpoint.

To begin with, a variety of reasons can be offered to explain why I am not in favour of this.
Foremost among these, I believe that achieving success in life depends on many factors such as
determination, discipline, clear visions of your goals and ambitions, motivation and most
importantly hard work. Moreover, support from friends and family around you would also play an
important part in your journey to success. Although there is no doubt that being in a good and
cohesive environment is beneficial, a person who is disciplined and determined to achieve his
goals will find ways to his success no matter where they are.
Firstly to accomplish anything in life required immense hard work and commitment. Success
means earning respectable position, monetary gains and secured future. Industrious as a key has
a lion's share in achieving success and remarkable position in the society. Moreover, people those
who have marked themselves as examples for others have burnt the midnight oil for reaching at
desired positions. To illustrate, people like, Bill Gates, Ratan Tata, APJ Abdul Kalam and list goes
other eminent personalities are the perfect cases of successful leaders in their respective fields. 
To wrap up, the connection between people belong to native regions and accomplished forks
have a very small or trivial effect in overall success stories of any person. Basic fundamentals will
remain static and identical to earn respectable position in this universe. 

5. Company’s top level authorities should get their employees in decision making
process. Discuss

Decision making is a crucial step in the success of a company. The moot question is that whether
involvement of employees is required for the decision making process.
The solid foundation of any successful company is its people. Employees represent a source of
knowledge and ideas, but oftentimes that resource remains untapped. Involving employees in the
decision-making process not only empowers them to contribute to the success of an
organization, but also saves the company time and money. It also increases productivity and
reduces outsourcing.
Improving Morale-Actively engaging workers in the decision-making process increases overall
company morale. Employees understand that their ideas are an important contribution to the
company, and give them the power to influence the innovative outcome of their work, leading to
increased job satisfaction and a positive attitude.
Internal Resources-Using employees in the decision-making process, rather than outsourcing,
saves money, time, and offers the company long-term reliable assistance from those who know
the corporation well.
Teamwork-Participation in the decision-making process gives each employee the opportunity to
voice their opinions, and to share their knowledge with others. While this improves the
relationship between manager and employee, it also encourages a strong sense of teamwork
among workers.
Innovations and ideas is something which has brought us to this technologically developed world.
Perhaps, it has been accepted by all by now. Organization can only flourish well where its
employees are given the freedom to innovate and rewarded for the same. Top level management
should be smart enough to judge its plausibility of implementation, as the final decision has to be
taken by them.

6. Some people think law changes our behaviour. Discuss.

Everyone knows that laws are the rules laid by the government on the citizens of their respective
country.  It helps in smooth functioning of the nation by governing the behaviour of people. It is
disagreed that laws can change behaviour of a person. It can only assist in creating a disciplined
environment for the society and controlling the crime to some extend but not eliminating it.
Firstly, imposing laws has created a sense of fear among people of getting punished. For instance,
damaging the historical monuments, books, paintings, sculptures or other form of art is
considered a crime and is punishable under vandalism law. This example shows that a person with
moral responsibility will take care of other’s assets but a person who is not worried about the
consequences will deface them. Thus, we can say that human’s action can be regulated by laws
but cannot be changed completely.
In addition, in our day to day life, we follow rules without even realizing them. Traffic law is an
example of this. Today, most of us follow the traffic signals out of habit. We stop at a red light,
start an indicator before a turn and wear seat belt when we are on road. Thus, we can say that
laws embed some changes in human behaviour to some extent. However, we are still facing road-
accidents which clearly show that rules and regulations have controlled the behaviour of mankind
without altering them completely.
In conclusion, we can say that rules and regulations can help in controlling the behaviour that is
dangerous.  Laws not only help in checking the reckless nature of people but are necessary for
the development of society.

7. Pros and Cons of extreme/adventure sports. Or Dangerous activities like extreme

skiing, bungee jumping etc. and whether u support them or not.

The popularity of extreme sports has continued to grow over the last decade. These activities are
undertaken at high speed, high altitude, and high degree of physical exertion. It is agreed that no
amount of words are adequate to convey the thrill of skiing, deep sea diving, bungee jumping,
water rafting or any other adventure sport. This argument can be proven by looking at how these
kinds of sports teach self-reliance, teamwork and let everyone leave their comfort zone.
Firstly, the risk-taking sports help in development of self-confidence and independence. For
instance, by successfully facing up the challenge of adventurous sports like rock-climbing, young
people overcome their fears and apprehensions along the way and develop a feeling of unusual
accomplishment. This makes it clear that climbing mountain, instead of an indoor game, helps in
developing the balance, using more muscle groups, and taking on a journey in an uncontrolled
environment that stimulates brain with countless variables. Thus, achieving your goals in an
unpredictable weather, recognizing the thrill of beating storm and making it back home safely
result in enhancement of overall personality of an adventurous person.
Moreover, many people are reluctant to try new things like mountain biking, scuba diving, white
river rafting, Para-gliding etc., thinking that they do not possess the skills or have an ability to
enjoy it. Encouraging people to try new activities results in building up team spirit, promoting
positive attitude and making them come out of their comfort zone. Thus, we can say that by
trying out dangerous sports, one can get rid-off the negative feeling and develop a feeling of
working as a team.
Looking at the above, we can say that adventure sports have many impressive benefits including
problem solving, improved communication skills, self-confidence and team work. However, it is
recommended that these sports should be tried under proper guidance and supervision of a
guard.

Against
               While every sport has a danger, extreme sports athletes are at a high risk of serious
injuries. For example, back-country snowboarders are known for riding on an unpredictable terrain
where avalanches are common. Since these off-piste riders do not ride on a groomed slope,
hazards such as large boulders and fallen trees can be easily hidden under large deposits of
newly fallen snow. As can be seen from this example, even a smallest misstep can plummet big
wave surfers more than 30 feet below the breaking ocean waves. Thus, we can say that
adventurous people are prepared to gamble their safety in search of adrenaline rush. 

8. In education system, assessment through formal written examination still valid?

Without a doubt formal written examination is used widely as assessment criteria in most of the
educational institutes for decades. The moot question as to whether the formal written
assessment is still?
Evaluation method of a student’s performance has always been an area of contention around the
world. Many believe that this can be done by continual assessment of their assignments and
project work. On the other hand, people are also in favour of formal examination. I believe the
latter is more appropriate option. This can be proved by analysing the fact that the homework
and projects done at home can be copied and also memory of a student can be tested only
through a formal assessment.
Firstly, the work book assignments submitted by the students are not always done by them. A
study by education department of India proved that many parents help their children in
completion of assignments. Not only this, the projects are also copied in order to submit the
same on time. Thus, we can say that it is not a reliable method to judge student capabilities.
Secondly, the examination that is taken in education institutes make students learn the concept
and also memorize the same that they have studied in their class. Moreover, these are conducted
in the presence of invigilator. That restricts students to take any external help. This shows how
much grasping power does an individual have. Therefore, this can be considered as a more
reliable method of testing one’s ability.
To conclude, looking at the discussion it is clear that advantages of formal testing outweighs the
advantages of testing by assignments and projects. I believe the method should be implied across
the globe and it can be predicted that many countries will adopt this way of assessment because
of its effectiveness.

9. Large shopping malls are replacing small shops. Your opinion? Good or bad

GOOD
This is a true fact to consider that present world has become a global village. Therefore, people
are motivated to buy their necessities from competitive market. As a result, a great number of
shopping malls has established in past two decades in almost all cities of the world. The question
whether this boom of mall's trend is positive or negative is a complex issue, upon which opinion
varies greatly.   
There are reasons for people to believe that large shopping malls are important to be established
as multi stories shopping malls come with a large number of stores and other facilities under one
roof.  First and foremost time saving from shopping from such multi-complex buildings could be
significant factor.  It may be defined as majority of them prefer to go to the shopping malls
rather than the single stores because varieties of options are available in one complex. For
example, clothes, groceries, banks, pharmacies, cinemas, food courts, and restaurants etc. are all
available under a single roof and people get better environment from such establishment. 
There are some groups who are in favour of single shops and opine that this trend should be
continued. They have their reasons as well.  In spite of views discussed above regarding why large
shopping malls are ideal to the modern society.  Parking problems could be substantial reason
behind the opponent's viewpoint. There including excursive crowding in the shopping complex,
especially on weekends and holidays. As a result shoppers have to spend a long time in the
parking bays rather than the shopping in small shops.  The prices in large shopping malls are
often unreasonable and people end up purchasing more than they actually need. The large
shopping malls are not often convenient for lower and middle class population.
In last, undoubtedly, whether shopping in a large shopping complex or single small shops could
be matter of discussion; however, as far as I am concerned, big shopping malls have immense
benefits to the modern society that outweigh the options and conveniences offered by the small
shops.
BAD
In the fast-paced of life, urban citizens like to buy daily items in big supermarket chains rather
than shopping in small stores and local markets. It is argued that chief among causes this, are
convenience and hygienic environments. Yet there remains some disagreement as to whether the
overall effect of shopping at the chains has been positive or negative. I personally believe that the
drawbacks of this tendency far outweigh its benefits. This argument will be analysed how buying
products in the supermarkets can lead to lose local identity and the price will be controlled by
chains

First of all, it is an undeniable fact that the huge supermarket chains are seriously eroding the
features of the local district. For instance, in Hong Kong, a lot of small unique retail stores were
closed down due to big multiple shops that can afford to pay high rent. Therefore, all the shops
will become homogenous and lose the local characteristics. Admittedly, although I certainly agree
that this kind of market is convenient, it has severely violated the regional identity.

Secondly and even more importantly, the supermarkets will monopolize the market and control
the price due to less and weak competitors. To illustrate, they can set up exorbitant price of their
products because customers only can buy it from them. Thus it creates an unbalanced market and
also deprives consumers’ right to search for more affordable alternatives. It is obvious from this
that this development has indeed been bad.

Following this look at how losing the local identity and dominate prices by the supermarket, it is

proven that shopping in the large markets is an unfavourable development.  Also, I believe that it
seems highly advisable for residents to consume in local markets.

10. Nowadays, people spend too much time at work to the extent that they hardly have
time for their personal life. Discuss. WORK LIFE BALANCE

Long working hours are the norm these days and that is hardly surprising. In this competitive job
scenario people are forced to work harder and harder. When people spend more hours working,
they get less time for themselves. This is not necessarily a positive development because it can
lead to health problems as well as the disruption of families and personal relationships.
For one thing, there is absolutely nothing to prove that long working hours improve productivity.
In fact, when people work longer than they should, what happens is that their productivity
decreases. They fail to concentrate and take longer to finish jobs. Traveling far for work doesn’t
help either. In many major cities people often have to travel several hours to reach their work
place. When at last, they reach home braving the traffic and a hard-working day, they have little
energy left in them. In addition, studies have proved that people who spend long hours in the
office are also more likely to develop major health problems like heart disease and dementia.
We have already seen that long working hours doesn’t necessarily translate into improved
productivity. Another problem with this set up is the effect it has on a person’s family and social
life. When people spend long hours in the office, they get little time to spend with their dear
ones. Parents, who work long hours, often fail to take proper care of their young children. This
can be quite a problem in families where both parents work. When children are deprived of the
attention they deserve, it will affect their emotional well-being. It can also have a negative impact
on their academic performance. In extreme cases, failure to strike a balance between work and life
can lead to the breakup of families.
As explained above, long working hours are in nobody’s interest. They don’t improve an
individual’s productivity. In fact, they make them less productive. What’s more, when people
spend more time in the office, their family life suffers. In other words proper work-life balance is
absolutely essential to lead a contented life. It is hoped that companies arrange their working
hours in such a way that employees also get some time for themselves.

11. It is usually foolish to get married before completing your studies and getting
established in a good job? Do you agree or disagree".

Getting married before finishing studies and getting employed can be arduous at times. Although
some people may believe in getting married prior to settle their career, I would still advocate that
getting married later is much better as one can focus on his career.
There are numerous disadvantages to getting married while still a student. It can create a greater
problem when you are dependent on parents to support you. There is the probability of more
tension on the part of both sets of parents. Expecting your parents to continue paying your
tuition as though you were still a child once you have chosen to take on the very adult
responsibility of marriage can also create tension.
Another reason to wait is the time constraint on enrolled newlyweds. Balancing time at home,
adjusting to a new life and spending time on academics is a daunting task, regardless of how
organized you are. Married college students are often left with not enough time to do housework,
study or have couple time. Little time is left for each other so there’s less time to work on
personal growth and the marriage. The college marriage often results in restriction of college
experiences, participation in college functions and of relationships of college friends.
Not only that, but she also finds that marriage affects academics. “There is often a drop in grades
due to added responsibilities or having to take on a full time job. The distractions that marriage
brings are endless and normal, but if yours current schedule and goals make marriage too much
to handle on top of your college life, then the smartest decision may be taking care of your
college career before saying your vows.
Sometimes the engaged couple isn’t actually ready to decide what they want out of marriage yet.
College is a time of growth and maturing. Getting married too soon can cut growth and
maturation short.  Most students need some time to be self-supporting, living on your own and
making decisions as you mature. An early marriage can prevent students from ever getting that
time to mature. 

12. Talk about pros/cons of this era as it is full of daily inventions

In today's world, where just about everything is more convenient and accessible due to advances
in technology across almost all sectors, it may seem as though it's a misnomer to even mention
any disadvantages of technological advances. However, despite how far technology has taken
humans and no matter how convenient it may make things, there are some disadvantages
accompanying this level of access.
Technology advances show people a more efficient way to do things, and these processes get
results. For example, education has been greatly advanced by the technological advances of
computers. Students are able to learn on a global scale without ever leaving their classrooms.
Agricultural processes that once required dozens upon dozens of human workers can now be
automated, thanks to advances in technology, which means cost-efficiency for farmers. Medical
discoveries occur at a much more rapid rate, thanks to machines and computers that aid in the
research process and allow for more intense educational research into medical matters. This
results in cost savings for business owners, allowing them to invest in growth in other areas of the
business, which contributes on a positive level to the economy as a whole.
The more advanced society becomes technologically, the more people begin to depend on
computers and other forms of technology for everyday existence. This means that when a
machine breaks or a computer crashes, humans become almost disabled until the problem is
resolved. This kind of dependency on technology puts people at a distinct disadvantage, because
they become less self-reliant.
At the same time, human workers retain less value, which is a disadvantage of technological
advances. Because machines automate processes and do the work of 10 people with one
computer, companies find they don't need to employ as many people to get the job done. As
machines and computers become even more advanced and efficient, this will continue to be a
growing disadvantage of technology and an issue that has a global impact.

13.  Imitating celebrities in sports and movies good or bad?

Hero worship is in our blood. In this day and age, media and sports personalities are the heroes.
They are everywhere – on the billboards, in the newspapers, on TV and internet. This
omnipresence has earned them widespread fame and millions of fans who try to imitate
everything that they do. Is this a positive development? Let’s examine.
Imitating film and sports personalities is nothing unusual but unfortunately it isn’t always good. A
large number of our celebrities don’t set good examples. Many of them are known for their
extravagant and wasteful lifestyles. They don’t mind spending millions of dollars on shopping.
They wear expensive designer garments and drive super luxury cars. They earn millions of dollars
every year so it doesn’t really matter to them. Unfortunately, they inspire middle class people,
who can hardly afford this, to adopt the same life style. Wafer thin models promote unhealthy
eating habits. Anorexia has become a major health issue these days. Models and film stars who
look nearly perfect because of Photoshop effects have given rise to a generation obsessed with
looking perfect. Even extramarital relationships are now considered perfectly acceptable because
several celebrities have multiple partners.
Celebrities are human beings too and they have their own weaknesses. Just because they happen
to excel in a particular field, we can’t expect them to be paragons of virtue. They are influential
people and it would be great if they can be good role models, but the truth is that that is where
most of them fail.
On the other hand, we do have something to learn from these famous people. They are achievers.
Many of them had humble beginnings. Still, they rose to fame because of their determination and
hard work. We can also achieve the same if we make a sincere attempt.
After analysing the situation, it is not hard to see that admiring and imitating film and sports
personalities who do not set a good example is bad. Simply admiring them is alright. The
problem begins when you try to imitate everything that they do.

14. Any recent invention that you think proved beneficial or detrimental to society

OR
In the past 100 years, there have been many inventions such as antibiotics, airplanes and
computers. What do you think is the most important of them? Why? Greatest invention in
the last 100 years, medicine, science or technology?
It is evident how life has changed since technology has been introduced in the human life. When
we think about technology mostly the first thing that comes to our mind is the image of a
computer. Technological advancements such as computers have been designed and created with
the only purpose to help humans and make their lives easier. Computers have become
indispensable in any workplace where they are basically considered a compliment for people to
help them on developing their activities. In fact, computers are the greatest invention of all time
because they have multi-tasking features that can minimize your work, they can display and let
you manipulate stored information, and they are used in almost all fields for any purpose.
 First of all computers have multi-tasking features that can minimize the work you have to do. For
example, computers avoid you having to calculate any result on doing math, the only thing you
must do is to type the information needed and your work is done. Secondly, computers can
display and let you manipulate stored information. In other words, you don’t need to use paper in
order to store any information on shelves. You don’t even have to rewrite a whole paper because
you did a mistake or you have to add more information to the written form. You can have as
many files as you can in your computer and organize them the way you like it without having to
use any extra material or space.
 Finally, computers are used in almost all fields for any purpose such as entertainment, education,
and any type of job. For example, you can use computers to play videogames, watch movies,
listen to music or chat on the internet for entertainment. In education or any job you can use
them for videoconferences, PowerPoint presentations or just using their basic features discussed
in the first point. Therefore computers are the greatest invention of all time because they reduce
your time consumption on your activities, you can save your information and edit it anytime, and
they let you do almost everything you need. Computers have become the most powerful tool
ever created.

15. Information revolution has changed the way of mass communications and had some
negative and positive effects on individual lives as well as on society. To what extent
do you agree or disagree?

OR
            Communication has changed significantly in the last 10 years. Discuss pros and cons
impacts.
Information Technology has not only brought the world closer together. Therefore, we can not
only share information quickly and efficiently, but we can also bring down barriers of linguistic
and geographic boundaries. The world has developed into a global village due to the help of
information technology allowing to shares ideas and information with each other. Communication
has also become cheaper, quicker, and more efficient. We can now communicate with anyone
around the globe by simply text messaging them or sending them an email for an almost
instantaneous response. The internet has also opened up face to face direct communication from
different parts of the world thanks to the helps of video conferencing.
Bridging the cultural gap - Information technology has helped to bridge the cultural gap by
helping people from different cultures to communicate with one another, and allow for the
exchange of views and ideas, thus increasing awareness and reducing prejudice.
However, while information technology may have streamlined the business process it has also
crated job redundancies, downsizing and outsourcing. This means that a lot of lower and middle
level jobs have been done away with causing more people to become unemployed.
Privacy - Though information technology may have made communication quicker, easier and
more convenient, it has also bought along privacy issues. Due to website and email hacking,
people are now worried about their once private information becoming public knowledge.
Lack of job security - Industry experts believe that the internet has made job security a big issue
as since technology keeps on changing with each day. This means that one has to be in a
constant learning mode, if he or she wishes for their job to be secure.
Dominant culture - While information technology may have made the world a global village, it
has also contributed to one culture dominating another weaker one. For example it is now argued
that US influences how most young teenagers all over the world now act, dress and behave.
Languages too have become overshadowed, with English becoming the primary mode of
communication for business and everything else.

16. Learning a new language at an early age is helpful for children. Is it more positive for
their future aspect or have some adverse effects. Agree or disagree?

There are several benefits of learning new language in the early age for children. It promotes
better understanding of psychology and diversity and good for their brain development.
Learning a second language does not cause language confusion, language delay or cognitive
deficit, which have been concerns in the past. In fact, according to the recent study in US children
who learn a second language can maintain attention despite outside stimuli better than children
who know only one language. Children will develop selective and conscious cognitive processes
to achieve goals in the face of distraction and plays a key role in academic readiness and success
in school settings.
In other words, cognitive advantages follow from becoming bilingual.  These cognitive advantages
can contribute to a child's future academic success. Bilingualism delays Alzheimer’s disease by as
much as five. Being bilingual can lead to improved listening skills, since the brain has to work
harder to distinguish different types of sounds in two or more languages. Babies brought up in a
bilingual environment have stronger working memories than those brought up with only one
language. This means they are better at mental calculation, reading and many other vital skills.
Better multi-tasking-Bilingual people can switch from one task to another more quickly. They
show more cognitive flexibility and find it easier to adapt to unexpected circumstances.  Learning
a new language can literally change the way you see the world. Learning Japanese, for example,
which has basic terms for light and dark blue, may help you perceive the colour in different ways 

17. In under developed countries, tourism has disadvantages and can be said the
opposite as well.

In recent decades, low cost airfare has made international travel easier and many countries have,
therefore, developed their tourism industries into key sectors of their economies. While it is clear
tourism brings obvious benefits to the countries that host tourists, it is also true to say it may
bring disadvantages as well.
Undoubtedly, there are significant benefits that tourism brings to a country. First, a thriving tourist
industry implies an increasing need for a variety of services such as hotels, transport, restaurants,
and entertainment. This result in a considerable number of jobs being created for people who
lack a college education and also the development of the infrastructure needed to accommodate
visitors. Moreover, tourism is a "green" industry that, unlike factories, generates a low level of
pollution. In fact, because beautiful natural landscapes are often places that tourists come to see,
a country will often be sure to maintain the landscape in order to keep it attractive for tourists.
Despite the benefits, there are aspects of tourism that may prove harmful to a country. For
instance, a country may suffer from the loss of their traditional culture. This is caused by people
in a country changing their lifestyle, customs, and language in order to more effectively serve
visitors or because they become influenced by foreign countries. This can cause stress in a
traditional society and could even lead to animosity towards tourists. In addition, because tourists
often carry expensive objects like cameras and are unaware of their surroundings, they make
good targets for theft. Crime also increases as a result of the increases in drugs and prostitution
that caters to some vacationers.
In summary, global tourism is greatly beneficial to an economy and environment of a country.
However, it can be detrimental in several ways. To my way of thinking, a country should seek to
develop its tourism industry because it can bring steady jobs to many people without their need
for higher education and without the risk of environmental damages.

18. The only thing that interfere with my leaning is my education- Einstein. What does he
mean by that? And do you think he is correct?

Education is an effort of the senior people to transfer their knowledge to the younger members
of society. In traditional education system, the educational system was too small and the content
of education was related to religion, philosophy, metaphysics and scriptural subjects. This is the
reason why Einstein considered education to be the biggest barrier in his learning. This essay will
analyse both sides of the argument.
 According to Einstein, students learn through a formally designed education pattern restricting
their thought process. Also, there are some rigid rules like age of admission, content and duration
of course, procedures of examination, selection of elective subject, etc. which are designed by
government or designated agency such as school. The students are taught and given the answers
to the questions and these questions come in the examination to test their retention power. Thus,
students are not encouraged to think out of the box and search for solution themselves. They all
are expected to provide the same answer which is in books. This example shows why Einstein
believed that formal education hinders the process of learning.
 However, in my opinion, education in schools is important for children as it provides disciplined
environment, proper guidance from teacher, extracurricular activities to develop basic skills like
reading and writing. In addition, modern day education is aided with a variety of technology,
computers, projectors, internet, and many more. There is much to learn and more to assimilate.
For instance, internet provides vast knowledge and students should be allowed to search the
answers to their problems themselves. This will help them in coming up with different solutions
and succeeding in life. Thus, we can say that education plays a vital role in the initial learning
phase.
             Looking at both sides of the argument, we conclude that the current education system
is the building block of learning through proper teacher’s guidance and using new technology
such as internet.

19. The illiterate of the 21st century will not be those who cannot read and write, but
those who cannot learn, unlearn, and relearn. Agree or Disagree? 

'The illiterate of the twenty-first century will not be those who cannot read and write, but those
who cannot learn, unlearn and relearn.' - Alvin Toffler
In present situation of the world we should not stop learning things. For example, a freelance web
developer can’t possibly land a high-paying contract if he can’t write a good proposal letter. A
successful developer should not only proficient in designing schematics and code, but also he
should know how to market himself through writing and by promoting on the internet.
If a person believe that “jack of all trades and master of none” then it is totally wrong in current
society. The truth is that jacks of all trades are valued more highly right now than people with a
very specialized skill set. Additionally it is foolish to think that it is impossible to become master
in many trades which is a is just an excuse to be lazy.
Some people fear in experimenting because there’s always the risk of failing. They would rather sit
comfortably with their proven methods than venture further into the unknown, but it will not
work well in the current speed of technology advances. The death of learning comes when a
person starts to believe that everything has already been learned. This conceitedness closes the
mind to learning new things. It’s like believing that the bottle is already full, and therefore must
be capped shut, when it’s still halfway filled.
Do you believe yourself to be the master of your own trade, that focusing on just one skill is for
the best since it’s been working flawlessly for several years now? And that learning another skill is
just a distraction, or perhaps you don’t have time for it?
If your answer is yes to at least one of those questions, then yes, you are an illiterate of the 21st
century. If your answer is no then you are not an illiterate of the 21st century. Nowadays learning
newer skills is a win-win situation in highly competitive job and commerce market.

20. Value added by travel in Education. Is travel a necessary component of education or

not ? Will scholar sitting at home have more knowledge?

                                                             OR
Travel to study is over rated, we have brilliant scholars who studied locally. Is travel really
required for higher studies?
The development of society is going towards a globalised world where education is an essential
foundation for personal, social and economic success. International studies are becoming a new
trend for young people as a way to expand their education beyond their traditional education
style. It is agreed that adding a foreign qualification has become an integral part of higher
studies. This argument is proven by looking at how it widens people’s perspective and helps them
with better career opportunities.
               Studying abroad helps people increase their awareness about different cultures of the
world. This will contribute in creating individuals with a broader understanding of issues
concerning today’s society rather than limiting them in a scope of home education system. For
example, universities have a large community of students both from the local area and all around
the globe. The diverse academic community enhances the quality of learning by providing wider
spectrum of opinions and expertise. This example clearly shows that international education
enhances outlook and sharpens self-awareness. Therefore, we can say that traveling is an
important element of education.
               Moreover, acquiring a globally recognized qualification or degree opens the doors for
international job market. The students gain more knowledge and expertise when abroad and
apply them to situations requiring international interactions. Also, employers look for the
graduates with international experience either by studying or working abroad. Thus, we can say
that international studies add value to a student’s education.
                In summary, it can be said that travelling to foreign countries for higher studies is a
key to succeed in this globalised planet.

21. "Marketing strategy for big companies should be placed on offer and discounts, and
in what ways this can impact on their reputation

Have you noticed how our shopping culture has changed in the last decade? Everyone, and I
mean everyone, seems to be slashing their prices. 
Why Offer a Discount? Answer is to increase the customer base of the organizations they offer
discounts. Take Groupon for example, someone might get a deal for his or her local restaurant,
and he thinks that "Hey I never been to this restaurant let’s try today". Bam! The restaurant got a
new customer through their door. There are even multi-million dollar businesses that have built
their organizations around the concept of discounting. 

Eventually, discounting can actually hurt organization business in the long run. If a company is
giving discounts it shows that they have lack of confidence on their product, people expect same
price every time it is a bad precedent, and they are making their product lower perceived value,
customer think that the product is not trustworthiness which will lead to the cut down in the
company profit.

What should organizations do instead of giving discounting?  They should focus on value of the
product, know the target audience, and show confidence in their products. It will prove that what
they are selling works. The perfect example for this kind of organization is the Apple Company. I
have not seen Apple giving discounts in general way.

22. The space travel is fantastic these day and they are very fascinate towards its but
there are many environmental problems in our planet we should resolve the
problems or travel space and spend a lot of money

Nowadays, there are many countries spend a large mountain of money in the outer space
traveling. Recently, there are some people think governments should spend as much money as
possible exploring outer space, whoever, some people think governments should spend those
money on our basic needs on earth. I strongly agree with this opinion because our planet needs
more attention to its environment problems, and many people still starving to death in many
parts in our world.
First of all, our planet needs more researches to solve the environment problems. For example,
the air pollution increasing day after day on the earth this is causing the whole in the ozone layer.
This pollution decays from the badly consumption of the human being. I think this problem
deserve more care and attention from the governments instead of spend money in outer space
traveling they should offer a constant budget to fund such these researches because the
outcomes of them will benefit all the human kind and helping to prevent problems in the future.

Secondly, governments should spend much money to support and help the people who starving
to death in many areas in our plants. We can see and read in many media resources about the
hunger in different areas. The question now is; how could the governments help those people? I
think the answer is very simple, by spending more money in supporting the hunger people with
food, and helping them to find their food resources. It interested to travel exploring outré space,
but just in case we can find a solution to our planets problems especially the hunger issue.
Because, it does not make any sense spending billions of money in such these trips and try to
find another places in the universe, and the people in the earth can’t find the enough food to live
in.

Finally, I think governments should spend a large mount of money in environment researches and
apply the results of them to make benefits to the human kind. Also, the governments should
spend more money in helping the hunger people in different places in the world. In case we can
find a solution to our planet's problem we can think about discovering the outer places and
arrange the traveling to their.
 23. “In a war of ideas, it is people who get killed”. Does a common man suffer from a
group’s ideology? Express your opinion, and support the same with reasons and
examples

Throughout history, the thinking of a group of people is impacting the lives of thousands of
civilians. Whether it is considered on a political or social level, a set of decisions of a group
explains how a society should work.  It is completely agreed that in the conflict of interest
between different countries or different groups within same country, it is the innocent people
who sacrifice their lives. It can be seen from the incidents of World War II and September 11
attacks in United States of America.
First of all, during World War II, a group of countries namely US, UK and China united and
attacked Japan with explosive atomic bombs destroying the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki,
killing more than one lakh civilians. This is a clear example of the decision laid by a few countries
against Japan to surrender to its Allies. Though, these countries achieved victory in their mission
but Japanese people are still suffering from the radioactive radiation effect which resulted in
blindness and mental disorders. Thus, we can say that political ideologies of a group can
drastically harm society.
 In addition, September 11 attacks on US by a group of 19 militants, associated with Islamic
extremist group, hijacked four airplanes and killed around 3,000 people by colliding airplanes into
symbolic US landmark. This example clearly shows how the decision and planning of these
terrorist activists took lives of thousands of innocent people.
Looking at the above examples, we can say that it is common man who is suffering from the
social, economic and political interests of a few people.  It is hoped that in future, the major
decisions concerning every citizen or the civilians of another country, would be taken considering
its consequences.

24. Nowadays TV has become an essential part of life. Medium to spread news &
awareness and for some it acts like a companion. What is your opinion about this?

The invention of Television around two decades back opened wide frontiers for transmission of
visual communication and awareness. Since then the research and development on this has never
paused, and today we have 3D and curved televisions available as well. In fact, it will be hard to
find any domestic family without watching TV as a part of their daily life. It has helped in making
the world a smaller place to live in by making all sorts of shows, latest news update and
information in all areas via a wide range of channels.
Television provides a wide range to channels to choose from on tourism, travel, foods, lifestyle,
news, general knowledge, movies, music, reality show and many more. In fact, the information is
so useful that many people plan their holiday based on a show on tourism, they try to cook new
items by following the recipe shown, become aware of all sorts of happenings in the world and
least to mention the craze about sports event. For many, TV is almost indispensible as they
believe it to be a friend which is always there when needed.
Television is a great time waster. We no longer have enough time for hobbies, other outside
amusements like theatres, movies, sports got ignored. People have grown addicted to television,
often neglecting the necessary and more important things like meals, sleep, and even work. The
more the viewer watches television, the lazier they become. The TV glues them to the set instead
of allowing them to go out. Television prevents people from communicating with each other
which had caused the harm to the relationship between family members. Families sit and watch
television at dinner instead of talking with each other.
Finally, it is our duty to limit anything in too excess. The benefits which TV has brought into our
daily lives cannot be denied.

25. Parents should be held legally responsible for their children’s acts. What is your
opinion? Support it with personal examples....

Lately there seems to be a great number of young adults making the news for causing harm to
others. Unthinkable acts are being initiated by kids such as setting fellow students on fire, sexually
assaulting an intoxicated and unconscious student, attacking and beating homeless people, and
excessive group bullying leading to suicide.
I think we can all agree that this type of wrongful conduct is inexcusable. The question being
asked is whether or not the parents of these young adults can be held liable for the negligent
and intentional acts of their children. In my opinion, yes parents should be held legally for the act
of their children. For example if the young adults causes any damages to the people property
because of reckless driving and injuring others parents should held financially liable. It is fine if it
is damage to property, what if the act of child causes physical damage to person or loss of life?.
It is parent’s responsibility to take care about their children. They should keep watching his/her
acts and tell them what is wrong and what is right. If they are neglected this and do not look
after the children then they should be definitely held legally for their negligence.
In my capacity as a father to two children, I feel the bottom line is that parents must take a keen
interest in the upbringing of their children. Teaching our children the difference between right
and wrong is our responsibility and should not be delegated to some else. When it comes to
raising children, we all need to walk our talk and teach by example.

26. You are given climate as the field of study. Which area will you prefer? Explain why
you picked up the particular area for your study?

All over the world today, it can be observed that the issue of climate change has grown in
importance over the past few decades. Therefore, if I were given climate as my field of study, I
would like to study the underlying causes of this devastating global phenomenon and possible
solutions to tackle this.
To begin with, a variety of reasons can be offered to explain why I would choose this particular
area of study. Foremost among these is the fact that we have been experiencing the hottest 15
years on record in the last two decades. Linked to this is the fact that millions are at risk of
drought, chronic water shortages, bushfire, coastal flooding and hazardous air pollution. As the
above-mentioned points make it clear, it can hardly be denied that the issues of climate change
must be addressed with a sense of urgency.
But what really is the proper role for individuals and institutions in addressing climate change? An
immediate and natural response may be that everyone should do their part. As individuals, we
can help by taking action to reduce our personal carbon emissions. But to fully address the threat
of global warming, we must demand action from our elected leaders to support and implement a
comprehensive set of climate solutions such as transforming our energy system to a cleaner one,
placing limits on the amount of carbon that polluters are allowed to emit, reducing tropical
deforestation and its associated global warming emissions.
In conclusion, It is my considered opinion that if we were to put in place some of the solutions
mentioned, we would at least be on our way to solving this problem. Therefore, I would like to
play my part to contribute to the solution of climate change.

27. Do you think English will remain to be a global language despite globalization?

There are so many benefits of learning English and they can be found in many sides such as in
international business community, technology field, education, and in the social life.
In international business environment, English holds an important role to make the business goes
well. English is very useful when company build cooperation with another international company
from different country. To become the winner of the hard competition in business world,
businessman must be able to understand and use English well. Besides that, a company prefers to
hire an employee who has a good skill in language, especially English. However, by understanding
English will improve the prospect for employment in business environment and help the
businessman able to handle the business problem efficiently
English takes a large part in the growth of technology. Almost every electronic devices use English
especially computing and internet. That is because most of scientists write in English although
some of them use English as their second language. English is not only use in the hardware but it
is used in the software also. Every command in the computer is in English and to operate it
people should understand English first. In the internet, there is a lot of information written in
English such as e-mail, blog, and social network. It shows that learning English gives many
benefits to the advance of technology.
In education, the international student should have capability to speak, read, and write in English.
A student can access any information in the books, internet, and magazine with the help of
English. Successful academic career depend on how deep the understanding of student in English
because in international standard education English is the primary language which used in
learning process. Besides that, if the students know English well, they also will be able to read and
understand the great work in literature that related with their study which written in English. In
this case, English can be assuming as the root of the international education.
As a social creature, people will continuously interact with the other in various social lives. In this
case English become unifier of the difference in language. People will be easier to express their
idea about something or exchange information in English to the other people from different
country. English is the tool for digging information deeper and deeper again to know what
actually happen in the world. If people have a good capability to speak in English, it will be
widening their knowledge because they will be able to understand more information than those
who are not good in English
 28. Some people think placing advertisements in schools is a great resource for public
schools that need additional funding, but others think it exploits children by treating
them as a captive audience for corporate sponsors. Choose which position you most
agree with and discuss why you chose that position. Support your point of view with
details from your own experiences, observations or reading.

Advertisements have been an inseparable part of any corporate businesses to attract potential
customers to expand their businesses. On the contrary, in my opinion placing advertisements
inside public schools in order to lure juvenile mind is certainly not a good idea to promote
commercial business.
To begin with, schools are the home for immature children where they come to learn academic as
well as moral lessons. These children can be tempted to do any activities easily therefore putting
advertisements inside schools may impact pejoratively on such students. For example, a child
might break his hands and legs by imitating and reproducing the action pose shown on the
violent blockbuster movie advertisements. Moreover, many advertisements nowadays displays
sexually motivated explicit materials and other adult themes which would captivate young mind
to delineate juvenile delinquency indulging into an anti-social behaviour such as raping, smoking,
vandalism and other heinous crimes. Further, these children might tempt to spend hefty sum of
money to buy the mendaciously advertised unfruitful products which not only hampers their
academic activities but also largely effects on their brain development and ethical behaviour.
On the contrary, advertisements are good source of funding for the public schools who always
find themselves hard to manage their financial cash flow. Corporate houses often pay a huge sum
of money when they place advertisements inside schools as young school children can easily be
motivated to go after their products. Besides, many advertisements targeted to kids such as
Toothpaste, Shower gel and Detol are espousing to bring awareness on children to wash their
hands before eating foods and after using toilets or brushing teeth early in the morning and
before going to bed.

Therefore, to recapitulate, advertisements are efficient and effortless source of money for the
public schools however schools management must act prudently to monitor continuously
students’ behaviour and choose suitable advertisements to put inside schools so that children do
not go astray.