Answers To EOC Questions: Cambridge International A Level Physics

Cambridge International A Level Physics Answers to end-of-chapter questions
Answers to EOC questions

Chapter 28 6 a A magnetic flux linkage of 1 Wb exists
if a coil of 1 turn and area 1 m2[1]
1 The most obvious demonstration is to show has a field of 1 T passing at right angles
that the secondary coil is made of insulated through it. [1]
wire, so no current can flow from the core (Other areas and numbers of turns are
to the secondary coil. (Alternatively, if you possible.)
–4
arrange for a small gap in the core, perhaps a b i ∆Φ∆t = 0.6 × 1.2 × 10 [1]
0.2
piece of paper, then there is still an induced 3.6 × 10−4 Wb s−1[1]
e.m.f. even though paper is an insulator. The
e.m.f. will be reduced because the amount ii E = ∆(NΦ) −4
∆t = 240 × 3.6 × 10 [1]
of flux in the core is reduced if there is not a E = 0.0864 ≈ 8.6 × 10−2 V [1]
complete circuit of iron.) [1] iii E.m.f. correct and constant between
An electrical current is induced because there 0 and 0.2 s and zero between 0.2
is a change in the magnetic flux linking the and 0.4 s [1]
secondary coil. This changing flux is caused Negative e.m.f. of half the value in
by the changing current in the primary coil. ii between 0.4 and 0.8 s [1]
[1] e.m.f. / V
0.086
2 a Φ = BA[1]
= 20 × 10–3 × (5.0 × 10–2)2 = 5.0 × 10–5 Wb [1]
b e.m.f. E = ∆(NΦ)
∆t [1]
–5 0.4 0.8
= 100 × 5.0 × 10
0
0.1 [1] 0
Time / s
–2
= 5.0 × 10 V [1]
–0.043
3 = ∆(NΦ)
∆t = Blv[1]
= 5.0 × 10–5 × 40 × 300 [1]
= 0.60 V [1]
7 a i Time taken = distance 0.02 –2
speed = 0.05 = 4.0 × 10 s [1]
4 An induced current flowing in a mass of
ii Flux linkage = NBA
metal, such as the core of a transformer. [1]
= 150 × 0.30 × (0.02 × 0.02) [1]
Eddy currents are used in electromagnetic
flux linkage = 1.8 × 10–2 Wb [1]
braking, for example in trains, where energy
for the eddy currents comes from the kinetic b The rate of change of magnetic flux is
energy of the train and the eddy currents constant.[1]
themselves provide a braking force. [1] c Initial flux linkage = 0 and
Eddy currents are a disadvantage in the cores final flux linkage = 1.8 × 10–2 Wb [1]
of transformers, where energy is wasted in Magnitude of induced e.m.f.
raising the internal energy of the core. [1] = rate of change of magnetic flux linkage [1]
–2
E = 1.8 × 10 – 0
–2 [1]
5 When there is no flux linkage, the flux is 4.0 × 10
changing at the greatest rate and so the E = 0.45 V (magnitude only) [1]
induced e.m.f. is a maximum. [2] d When the coil is completely within the field,
When the flux linkage is a maximum, it is, the induced e.m.f. is zero. [1]
instantaneously, not changing and thus there The reason for this is that there is no change
is no induced e.m.f. [2] in the magnetic flux linkage. [1]
Cambridge International AS and A Level Physics © Cambridge University Press 2014

Cambridge International A Level Physics Answers to end-of-chapter questions
e e.m.f. / V These currents experience a force

backwards, opposing the rotation of
the disc.[1]
0.45
(maximum of [3])
ii There is a greater rate of change of flux (in
any area on the disc). [1]
0 A larger e.m.f. is induced by Faraday’s law,
0 0.04 0.08 Time / s thus larger induced currents flow. [1]
Correct axes and labels with e.m.f. constant
between 0 and 0.04 s [1] 10

a i A change in magnetic flux causes an
Zero e.m.f. between 0.04 and 0.08 s [1] induced e.m.f. [1]
either The spokes are cutting magnetic
8 a The e.m.f. induced is proportional to the rate lines of flux.
of change [1] or The circuit (containing a spoke and the
of magnetic flux linkage. [1] connections) is sweeping out an area of
–3 2
b i Φ = BA = 50 × 10 × π × (0.1) [1] magnetic flux. [1]
Φ = 1.57 × 10–3 ≈ 1.6 × 10–3 Wb [1] ii Increase the strength of the magnetic
ii Change in flux linkage = ∆(NΦ) field. This causes a greater magnetic flux
= 600 × 1.57 × 10–3 – 0 [1] linking the circuit and thus a greater rate of
∆(NΦ) = 0.942 ≈ 0.94 Wb (magnitude only) change of the magnetic flux. [1]
[1] Rotate the coil faster. Each change in
iii e.m.f. E = ∆(NΦ) 0.942
∆t = 0.12 [1]
magnetic flux occurs in a smaller time, and
thus a greater rate of change of flux occurs.
E = 7.85 ≈ 7.9 V [1]
[1]
9 a Lenz’s law states that the direction of b i Area per second = πR2f = π × (0.15)2 × 5 [1]
induced e.m.f. / current opposes the change Area per second = 0.353 ≈ 0.35 m2 s–1[1]
that is producing it. [1] ii E = ∆(NΦ) ∆(BA) –3
Plunge magnet into coil / magnet on spring ∆t = ∆t = 0.353 × 5 × 10 [1]

oscillates in and out of coil [1] E =1.77 × 10–3 ≈ 1.8 × 10–3 V [1]
either Ends of coil connected together [1]
experience force resisting movement of
magnet / magnet oscillates slower when coil
ends are connected together and induced
current flows
or Use an ammeter / galvanometer in series
with coil. [1]
Prove that, if north pole of magnet enters
coil, then that end of coil is north [1]
b i An induced e.m.f. in the aluminium disc
causes an induced current to flow. [1]
either Current in the disc causes heating
of the disc / increase in internal energy
of disc.[1]
By conservation of energy, the kinetic
energy of the car is reduced. [1]
or Currents in the disc are flowing
in the magnetic field created by the
electromagnets.[1]
Cambridge International AS and A Level Physics © Cambridge University Press 2014

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Cambridge International A Level Physics Answers to end-of-chapter questions