Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO

MODULE
MUSIC 10 FIRST QUARTER

INTRODUCTION

The start of the 20th century saw the rise of distinct musical styles that reflected a move away from the
conventions of earlier Western classical music. These new styles were: Impressionism, expressionism,
neo-classism, avant-garde music, and modern nationalism.

OBJECTIVES

1. Relates 20th century music to its historical and cultural background.

TOPIC: MUSIC OF THE 20TH CENTURY

IMPRESSIONISM One of earlier forms clearly declaring the entry of the 20 th century music was known as
impressionism. This was based on an art movement started by 19 th century Paris-based visual artist,
specifically Claude Monet through his painting Impression Sunrise. The term found its way to music un
the late 19th and 20th century among French composers.

Most of the impressionist works centered on nature and its beauty, lightness, and brilliance. A number
of outstanding impressionist created works on this subject-such as Debussy’s La Mer and Claire de Lune.

CLAUDE DEBUSSY ( 1862-1918)

One of the most important and influential of the 20 th century composers was Claude Debussy. Debussy
was born in St. Germain-en-Laye in France in August 22, 1862. His early musical talents were channeled
into piano lessons. In 1884, he won the top prize of the Prix de Rome competition with his composition
L’Enfant Prodigue ( The Prodigal Son).

MAURICE RAVEL (1875-1937)

Joseph Maurice Ravel was born in Ciboure, France to a Basque mother and a Swiss father. He entered
the Paris conservatory at the age of 14 where he studied the eminent French composer Gabriel Faure.
Ravel was perfectionist and every bit a musical craftsman. He strongly adhered to the classical form,
specifically its ternary structure.

ARNOLD SCHOENBERG (1874-1951)

Arnold Schoenberg was born in a working class suburb of Vienna, Austria on September 13, 1874. He
taught himself music theory, but took lessons in counterpoint. German composer Richard Wagner
influenced Schoenberg works. This was evidenced by his symphonic poem or tone poem Pelleas und
Melisande, op 5 ( 1903). The music of the opera with the same title, Pelleas et Melisande, was
composed by Debussy who was also influenced by Richard Wagner.

IGOR STRAVINSKY ( 1882-1971)

He was born in Oranienbaum (now Lomonosov), Russia on June 17, 1882. Stravinsky’s early music
reflected the influenced of his teacher, the Russian composer Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. But in his first
successful masterpiece, The Firebird Suite (1910), composed for Diaghilev’s Russian ballet, his skillful
handling of material and rhythmic inventiveness went beyond anything composed by his Russian
predecessors. He added a new ingredient to his nationalistic musical style.

OTHER MUSICAL STYLES

PRIMITIVISM

Primitivistic music is tonal through the stressing of one note as more important than the others. New
sounds are synthesized from old ones by juxtaposing two simple events to create a more complex new
event. In its purest form, primitivism combines two familiar or simple ideas together creating new
sounds. Two well-known proponents of this styles were Stravinsky and Bela Bartok.

BELA BARTOK was born in Nagyszenmiklos, Hungary ( now Romania) on march 25, 1881 to musical
parents. He started piano lessons with his mother and later entered the Budapest Royal Academy of
Music in 1899. Bartok was inspired by the performance of Richard Strauss’s Also Sprach Zarathustra to
write hi first nationalistic poem Kossuth , in 1903.

NEO-CLASSICISM was a partial return to a classical form of writing music with carefully modulated
dissonances. It made use of a freer seven-note diatonic scale.

SERGEI PROKOFIEFF (1891-1953) is regarded today as a combination of a neo-classicist, nationalist, and

avant-garde composer. Born in the Ukraine in 1891, Prokofieff set out for the St. Petersburg
Conservatory equipped with his great talent as a composer and pianist.

AVANT-GARDE was associated with electronic music and dealt with the parameters or dimensions of
sound in space. It made use of variations of self- contained note groups to change musical continuity
and improvisation, with an absence of traditional rules on harmony, melody, and rhythm.

GEORGE GERSHWIN (1898-1937) was born in New York to Russian Jewish immigrants. His older brother
Ira was his artistic collaborator who wrote the lyrics of his songs. His first song was written in 1916 and
his first Broadway musical, La La Lucille, in 1919.

Performance Activity 1. Singing or Humming Musical Fragments

1. Your teacher will play several excerpts of selected works by 20 th century composers. He/she will
briefly discuss the title, composer, musical style, and brief description of how he/she feels about
the music.
2. Listen carefully to the teacher’s discussion and each excerpt of the music. Be able to recognize
the distinct musical style of each composer.
3. Sing or hum some melodic fragments (portion on;y) of any of the following excerpts of 20 th
century music, together with the recordings:
a. Claude Debusssy’s Claire de Lune
b. Leonard Bernstein’s West Side Story
c. George Gershwin’s Rhapsody in Blue
d. Ravel’s Bolero
4. Based on the melodic fragments of the excerpts that you sang or hummed, you should be able
to aurally identify the different selected works of these 20 th century composers.
5. Choose a composition that you like. Write a brief profile about its composer and give your
personal reaction about the music on a ½ sheet of paper. Submit it in class next meeting.

ACIVITY 2

Name: _____________________ Grade & Section:

__________________

Direction: Identify the following. Write your answer to the blank before the number.

__________ 1. Made use of the whole-tone scale. Also applied suggested rather the depicted, reality.
Created a mood rather than a definite picture.

__________ 2. Was a partial return to a classical form of writing music with carefully modulated
dissonances.

__________ 3. This style was associated with electronic music dealt with the parameters or dimensions
of sound in space.

__________ 4. He was the primary exponent of the impressionist movement and the focal point for
other impressionist composers.

__________ 5. He was a perfectionist and every bit a musical craftsman. Strongly adhered to the
classical form, specifically its ternary structure.

__________ 6. Credited with the development of the twelve-tone system.

__________ 7. He is the one who adapted the forms of the 18 th century with his contemporary styles of
writing. Despite its “shocking” modernity, his music is also very structured, precise, controlled, full of
artifice, and theatrically.

__________ 8. This music is tonal through the stressing of one note as more important than the others.
__________ 9. As a neo-classicist, primitivist, and nationalist composer, He used Hungarian folk themes
and rhythms.

__________ 10. He is regarded as a combination of a neo-classicist, nationalist, and avant-garde

composer. His style is uniquely recognizable for its progressive technique, pulsating rhythms, melodic
directness, and resolving dissonance.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO

MODULE
MUSIC 10 SECOND QUARTER

INTRODUCTION

The music of Latin America is the product of three major influences- indigenous, Spanish-Portuguese,
and African. It also referred to as Latin music because of the impact on the countries colonized by Spain
and Portugal.

OBJECTIVES

1. Analyze musical characteristics of Latin America music

TOPIC: MUSIC OF LATIN AMERICA

Influences of Latin American Music

Indigenous Latin –American Music

Before the arrival of the Spanish, Portuguese, and other European colonizers, the native were found to
be using local drum and percussion instruments such as the guiro(open-ended, hollow gourd with
parallel notches cut in one side), maracas ( a gourd or a gourd-shaped raffle filled with seeds or pebbles
and used, often in a pair, as rhythm instrument), and turtle shells. Wind instruments like the zampo ña
(pan pipe) and quena ( notched-end flute) were traditionally made out of aquatic canes.

Materials for making indigenous instruments ranged from hollow tree trunks, animals skin, fruit shells,
dry seeds, cane, clay, and hardwood trees, to jaguar claws, animal and human bones, and specially-
treated inflated eyes of tiger.

The indigenous music of Latin America was largely functional in nature, being used for religious worship
and ceremonies. The use of instruments, as well as singing and dancing, served to implore the gods for a
good harvest or victory in battle, to guard against sickness and natural disasters, and of course to
provide recreation.

Popular Latin American Music

1. Samba – The samba is a dance form of African origin which evolved into an African-Brazillian
favorite in the working class and slum districts of Rio de Janeiro.
2. Son – The son is a fusion of the popular music or canciones( songs) of Spain and the African
rumba rhythms of Bantu origin. Originating in Cuba, it is usually played with the tres (guitar),
contrabass, bongos, maracas, and claves (two wooden sticks that are hit together). Although
the son is seldom heard today, it continues to influence present-day Latin American music,
particularly as the forerunner of the salsa.
3. Salsa – The salsa is a social dance with marked influence from Cuba and Puerto Rico that started
in New York in the mid 1970s. its style contains elements from the swing dance and hustle as
well as the complex Afro- Cuban and Afro-Carribean dance forms of pachanga and guaguanco.

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS OF LATIN AMERICA

The varied cultures that developed I Latin America gave rise to different types of wind and percussion
instruments. As with the African continent, Latin America’s rich history, dating back thousands of year to
the Aztec, Maya, and other ancient cultural groups, understandably generated diverse creative
approaches to making music.

Aztec and Mayan Instruments

Tlapitzalli is a flute variety from the Aztec culture made of clay with decorations of abstract or images of
their deities.

Teponaztli is a Mexican slit drum hollowed out and carved from piece of hardwood. It is then decorated
with designs in relief or carved to represent human figures or animals to be used for both religious and
recreational purposes.

Concha is a wind instruments usually made from the shells of a large sea snail. It is prepare by cutting a
hole in the shell’s spine near the apex, then blown into as if it were a trumpet.

Rasp is a hand percussion instrument whose sound is produced by scraping a stick ( or a similar object)
that has a series of indentations or notches with another stick, creating rattling effects.

Huehueti is an upright tubular drum used by the Aztecs and other ancient civilizations. It is made of
wood opened at the bottom and standing on three legs cut from the base. Its top membrane of
stretched animal skin is beaten by the hand or a wooden mallet.

Whistles are instruments made of natural elements such as bone from animals. The eagle-bone is the
most common. In some areas, whistles are only used in ceremonies to call the spirits.

Incan Musical Instruments

Ocarina is an ancient vessel flute made of clay or ceramic with four to 12 finger holes and a mouthpiece
that projects from the body.

Zampoñas or panpies are ancient instruments from the Andes Mountains of South America. They
typically feature bamboo tubes of different lengths tied together either in pairs or more to produce
graduated pitches of sound.

Andean Musical Instruments

The Andean highlands also had their own varieties of flute and string that include the following.

Siku is originally from the Aymaras of Peru and Bolivia. It is traditionally found all across the Andes, and
is the main instruments used in a musical genre known as sikuri.

Wooden Tarka is a vertical duet flute with a mouthpiece similar to that of recorder. It is used during the
rainy season and in tribal ceremonies to mimic bird sounds. It sounds very primitive, soft, and mellow
with a rasp in the low range.

Quena is a vertical cane flute made from fragile bamboo. Thus it is only used during the dry season.

Charango is a ten-stringed Andean guitar from Bolivia. It is the size of Ukelele and is a smaller version of
the mandolin, imitating the early guitar and lute brought by the Spaniards. It produces bright sounds
and is often used in serenades in Southern Peru.

Mariachi is an extremely popular band in Mexico whose original ensemble consisted of violins, guitar, a
harp, and enormous guitarron ( acoustic bass guitar).

WHAT TO KNOW

1. What are the different types of musical instruments of Latin American Music?
2. Name and describe at least one instruments from the Aztec and Mayan Cultures.
3. Name and describe at least one Incan musical instruments.
4. Name and describe at least one Andean musical instruments.

VOCAL AND DANCE FORMS OF LATIN AMERICAN MUSIC

Cumbia. Originating in Panama and Colombia, the cumbia became popular courtship dance with
European and African instrumentation and characteristics.

Tango. The word tango may have been of African origin meaning “ African Dance” or from the Spanish
word taner meaning “ to play” (an instruments). During the 1890s, it developed as the foremost urban
song and dance form in the working class areas of Buenos Aires, Argentina related to the Cuban
contradanza and habanera.
Chacha. The cha cha cha or simply cha cha is a ballroom dance that originated in Cuba in the 1950s. It
was derived from the mambo and its characteristics rhythm of 2 crochets-3quavers-quaver rest, with a
syncopation on the fourt beat. The cha cha may be danced with Cuban music, Latin Pop, or Latin Rock.

Rumba. The rumba is a popular recreational dance of Afro-Cuban origin, performed in a complex duple
meter pattern and tresillo, which is dotted quaver-dotted quaver-dotted semiquaver rhythm. It has a
repetitive melody with an ostinato pattern played by the maracas, claves, and other Cuban percussion
instruments.

Bossa Nova. Is originated in the 1950s when a slower, gentler version of the classic Cuban samba
became popular with the upper and middle class sectors of Brazillian society. The name Bossa Nova is
Portuguese (the language of Brazil) for “new trend”.

Reggae. Is an urban popular music and dance style that originated in Jamaica in the mid-1960s. the best
known proponent of reggae music is Bob Marley, a Jamaican singer-songwriter, musicians, and guitarist.

Foxtrot. Is a 20th century social dance that originated after 1910 in the USA. It was executed as a one
step, two step and syncopated rhythmic pattern.

Paso Doble. The Paso doble (meaning”double step) is a theatrical Spanish dance used by the Spaniards
in bullfights. The music was played as the matador (a bullfighter whose task is to kill the bull) enters
(paseo); and also during passes just before the kill (faena).

WHAT TO PERFORM

Group Activities

Class Dance Concert- Live Performance

a. Your teacher will divide the class into five groups.

b. Each group will be asked to draw lots to dance Latin American Music and Dance forms
For group 1 – Cumbia
For group 2- Tango
For group 3- Cha Cha
For group 4- Rumba
For group 5- Bossa Nova

*(dance step and choreo are available on YouTube)

Assessments

Direction: Match the following. Choose the letter of the correct answer from the column B.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

_____1. Is an extremely popular band in Mexico a. Ocarina

whose original ensembles consisted of violins, guitar,
a harp, and enormous guitarron.
_____2. A popular recreational dance of Afro-Cuban, b. Son
performed in a complex duple meter pattern and tresillo.
_____3. Meaning double step and a theatrical Spanish c. Mariachi
dance used by the Spaniards in bullfights.
_____4. An ancient vessel flute made of clay or d. Rumba
ceramic with four to 12 holes and a mouthpiece that
projects from the body.
_____5. It is a fusion of the popular music or canciones e. Paso Doble
Of Spain and the African rumba rhythms of Bantu origin.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO

MODULE
MUSIC 10 – THIRD QUARTER

INTRODUCTION

According to National Artist Ramon Santos, PhD, “Contemporary music in the Philippines refer to
compositions that have adopted ideas and elements from 20 th century art music in the West, as well as
the latest trends and musical styles in the entertainment industry.

The modern Filipino repertoire consisist of musical pieces that have been written in 20 th century idioms
that have evolved out of such stylistic movements as impressionism, expressionism, neo-classicism, as
well as avant-garde and new music.

OBJECTIVES

1. Gives a brief biography of selected contemporary Philippines composers.

TOPIC: 20TH CENTURY TRADITIONAL COMPOSERS

Francisco Buencamino founded the Centro Escolar de Señoritas, Conservatory of Music, as well as the
Buencamino Music Academy in 1930. Many of his piano works have become staples in the Philippine
repertoire of today’s performers, especially Mayon, Larawan, and Maligayang Bati. He also ventured
into musical direction and scoring for films, as well as composing several zarzuelas and kundiman.

Francisco Santiago is known as the “Father of Kundiman” and belong to the “Triumvirate of Filipino
Composers” along with Nicanor Abelardo and Antonio Molina. Santiago’s music was romantic in style,
incorporating Western forms and techniques with folk materials. Among his famous works are Pakiusap,
Madaling Araw, and Kundiman (Anak Dalita). He became the first Filipino Director of the Conservatory of
Music, University of the Philippines.

Nicanor Abelardo , although a 20th century modern composer, was also a composer in a romantic style.
His best-known compositions include Mutya ng Pasig, Nasaan ka Irog, Cavatina for Violoncello, and
Magbalik Ka Hirang. The Tanghalang Nicanor Abelardo (Main Theater) of the Cultural Center of The
Philippines and the Abalardo Hall of the UP College of Music are named after him.

Antonio Molina was a product of both a romantic and impressionist styles, and came to be known as
the “Father of Philippine Impressionist Music”. He was fascinated by the dynamics and harmonies of
Debussy, but retained much of the Romantic style in his melody. A characteristically impressionist work
is his piano composition Malikmata (Transfiguration).

Hilarion Rubio was a composer, music teacher, conductor, and clarinetist. His name was closely
identified with his works for the orchestra; as a conductor for opera, ballet, and dance recitals; and his
music for movies.

Col. Antonio Buenaventura promoted Philippine music by extensively using folk materials in his works.
He recorded folks and dance music around the country with Ramon Tolentino and National artist for
Dance Francisca Reyes Aquino. He restored the Philippine Constabulary Band in 1945, which was
considered “one of the best military bands in the world”. He is a National Artist for Music.
Rodolfo Cornejo was a researcher and official composer of the Philippine government-in-exile, under
President Manuel L. Quezon. He served as pianist-director of a USO concert unit that entertained the
Allied Forces during World war II. He later became the soloist of several orchestras, and eventually the
musical director of the Sampaguita and Vera-Perez movie companies.

Felipe P. De Leon Sr. is known as a nationalist composer who expressed the Philippine cultural identity
through his compositions. He wrote piano compositions, hymns, marches, art, songs, chamber music,
symphonic poems, overtures, band music, schools songs, orchestral works, operas, kundiman, and
zarzuelas. His two operas, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, are considered his masterpieces. He is
a National Artist for Music.

Lucio San Pedro is known as a “Romantic Nationalist”. He incorporated Philippine folk elements in his
compositions with Western forms and harmony. His chords have a rich expressive tonality, as
represented in his well-loved lullaby sa Ugoy ng Duyan, his orchestral compositions Suite Pastorale, a
musical description of his hometown Angono, and his nationalistic symphonic poem Lahing Kayumanggi.
His other compositions include songs; pieces for violin, cello, and chorus; and works for the symphonic
band. He is a National Artist for Music.

Rosendo Santos Jr. was a prolific composer whose works include concerti, sonatas, symphonies,
symphonic poems, five operas in a Philippine dialect, numerous band overtures, and over 200 marches.
He also wrote 50 Masses in Latin and 20 in English.

Alfredo Buenaventura holds the sole distinction among Filipino composers of having composed five
full-length operas. His compositions combined contemporary and conventional styles, and contain
melodies that are simple and understandable, while using contemporary harmonies that enhance their
complexity.

Ryan Cayabyab is a contemporary composer and conductor who spans popular and classical worlds with
his pop music, ballads, operas, zarzuelas, orchestral arrangements, masses, psalms, and choral
compositions. Among these are the award-winning Kay Ganda ng Ating Musika, the modern zarzuelas
Alikabok, and the opera Spoliarium with libretto by Fides Cuyugan-Asensio. His compositions are mostly
of traditional Western influence.

WHAT TO KNOW

Discuss the lives and musical contributions of the following 20 th century Filipino composers.

a. Francisco Buencamino Sr. g. Rodolfo Cornejo

b. Francisco Santiago h. Felipe Padilla de Leon Sr.
c. Nicanor Abelardo i. Lucio San Pedro
d. Antonio Molina j. Rosendo Santos Jr.
e. Hilarion Rubio k. Alfredo Buenaventura
f. Col. Antonio Buenaventura l. Ryan Cayabyab

Exercises:

Point out the characteristics of the musical style of the selected composers. Write your answer in the
following format.

Composer Characteristics of the Musical Styles

1.____________________ ______________________________________

2.____________________ ______________________________________

3.____________________ ______________________________________

4.____________________ ______________________________________

5.____________________ ______________________________________

6.____________________ ______________________________________
7.____________________ ______________________________________

8.____________________ ______________________________________

9.____________________ ______________________________________

10.___________________ ______________________________________

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO

MODULE
ARTS 10

FIRST QUARTER

INTRODUCTION

In all human history, art has mirrored life in the community, society, and the world in all its colors, lines ,
shapes, and forms. The same has been true in the last two centuries, with world events and global
trends being reflected in the various arts movements.

OBJECTIVE

1. Analyze art elements and principles in the production of work following a specific art style from
various art movements.

TOPIC: IMPRESSIONISM: Origins of the Movements

Impressionism was an art movement that emerged in the second half of the 19 th century among a group
of Paris-based artists. The duration of the impressionist movements itself was quite short, less than 20
years from 1872 to the mid-1880s. Nevertheless, it had a tremendous impact and influence on the
painting styles that followed, such as neo-impressionism, post-impressionism, fauvism, and cubism-and
even the artistics styles and movements of today.

The name impressionism was coined from the title of a work by French painter Cluade Monet,
Impressionism, soleil levant ( Impression, Sunrise).

Impressionism:
A Break from Past Painting Traditions
There were several areas in which impressionist artist moved away from the established practices of art
at that time. These involved their used of color, their choices of subject matter and setting, and their
technique for capturing light and conveying movements.

Color and Light. The painting conventions and techniques of earlier art periods were very much
concerned with line,form, and composition. In contrast, the impressionist painted with freely brushed
colors that conveyed more of a visual effect than a detailed rendering of the subject. They used short
“broken” strokes that were intentionally made visible to the viewer. They also often placed pure
unmixed colors side by side, rather than blended smoothly or shaded. The result was a feeling of energy
and intensity, as the colors appeared to shift and move—again, just as they do on reality.

“Everyday” Subject. Impressionist also began to break away from the creation of formally posed
pirtraits and grandiose depiction of mythical, literary, historical, or religious subjects. They ventured into
capturing scenes of life around them, household objects, landscape and seascapes, houses, cafes, and
buildings. They were presented ordinary people seemingly caught off-guard doing everyday tasks, at
work or liesures, or doing nothing at all. And they were not made to look beautiful or lifelike, as body
parts could be distorted and facial features merely suggested by a few strokes of the brush.

Painting Outdoors. The location in which impressionist painted was also different. Previously, still lifes,
portraits, and landscapes were usually painted inside a studio. However, the impressionist found that
they could best capture the ever-changing effects of light on color by painting outdoors in natural light.
This gave their works a freshness and immediacy that was quite a change from the stiffer, heavier, more
studied paintings of earlier masters.

Open Composition. Impressionist paintings also moved away from the formal, structured approach to
placing and positioning their subjects. They experimented with unusual visual angles, sizes of objects
that appeared out of proportion, off-center placement, and empty spaces on the canvas.

WHAT TO KNOW

1. How did the term impressionism originate? What did it means?

2. In what country did this movement begin, and in what period of history?
3. What is the significance of the new painting techniques used by the impressionist artists?

Impressionism:
Works of Monet, Renoir, and Manet

CLAUDE MONET (1840-1926) was one of the founders of the impressionist movements along with his
friends Auguste Renoir, Alfred Sisley, and Frederic Bazille. He was the most prominent of the group, and
is considered the most influential figure in the movement. Monet is best known for his landscapes
painting, particularly those depicting his beloved flower gardens and water lily ponds at his home in
Giverny.

AUGUSTE RENOIR ( 1841-1919) along with Claude Monet, was one of the central figures of the
impressionist movement. His early works was snapchat of real life, full of sparkling color and light. By
the mid 1880s, however, Renoir broke away from the impressionist movement to apply a more
disciplined, formal technique to portraits of actual people and figure paintings.

EDOUARD MANET (1832-1883) was one of the first 19 th century artists to depict modern life subjects.
He was a key figure in the transition from realism to impressionism, with a number of his works
considered as marking the birth of modern art.

Post-Impressionism:
Works of Cezanne and Van Gogh

After the brief yet highly influential period of impressionism, an outgrowth movement known as post –
impressionism emerged. The European artists who were at the forefront of this movement continued
using the basic qualities of the impressionists before them-he vivid colors, heavy brush strokes, and
true-to-life subjects. However, they expanded and experimented with these in bold new ways, like using
a geometric approach, fragmenting objects and distorting peoples daces and body parts, and applying
colors that were not necessarily realistic or natural.

PAUL CEZANNE ( 1839-1906) was a French artist and post –impressionist painter. His work exemplified
the transition from late 19th century impressionism to a new and radically different world of art in the
20th century-paving the way for the next revolutionary art movement known as expressionism.

VINCENT VAN GOGH (1853-1890) was a post- impressionist painter from the Netherlands. His works
were remarkable for their strong, heavy brush strokes, intense emotions, and colors that appeared to
almost pulsate with energy. Van Gogh’s striking style was to have a far-reaching influence in 20 th century
art, with his works becoming among the most recognized in the world.

ACTIVITY

1. Name three of the most prominent artists of the impressionist movement.

 2. Cite one outstanding characteristics of each of the artist.
3. Who were the two of the most famous post-impressionist?
4. What new techniques or styles distinguished post-impressionism from the earlier
impressionism?
5. Identify two to three specific artworks where these techniques are prominently seen

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO

MODULE
ARTS 10

SECOND QUARTER

INTRODUCTION

Technology has literally taken over every aspect of life in the 21 st century, and the creative and visual
arts have not been spared. In fact, for the younger generations, art as you know it is defined by
technology-from its creation, to its manipulation, to its reproduction, and even to it distribution.

TOPIC: Video Games/ Digital Painting/ Imaging Videos

Video Games

For today’s younger generation that grew up in a digital world, even entertainment now comes courtesy
of computer devices. A major component of such entertainment is in the form of video games of every
conceivable genre, subject matter, and skill level.

These range from educational games and mind twisters, to building and construction games, to ones
that entail physical interaction by the users ( sports, fitness, dance). These are the tremendously popular
games of strategy, war, science fiction, and mythical worlds that employ amazingly complex and realistic
graphics, motion, sound, and other specila effects.

Similar to image creation and manipulation, it is now possible for video games fans to become video
games creator themselves. Online tutorials and guide are available on sites like e-how, Instructables,
and You Tube. Plus there are available program that can be downloaded and used immediately, with no
need for prior knowledge on coding or web development.

Examples of such programs are:

●Twine- http://twinery.org/

●Stencyl- https://www.udemy.com/create-your-first-computer-game-with-stencyl/

●GameMaker- https://www.yoyogames.com/learn

Digital Painting

Digital Painting is a method of creating an artwork using a computer. This is, however, different from the
image generating devices and programs discussed above, which create, modify, store, and share images
entirely on a laptop, tablet, or android phone. Digital painting still make use of traditional mediums such
as acrylic paint, oils, ink, and watercolor and also applies the pigment to traditional surfaces, such as
canvas , paper, polyester, etc. however, it does so by employing computer software that drives a type of
robot device (such as a plotter) or an office machine (such as printer) that takes the place of the artists
hand.

Digital painting also refers to a technique using a graphics, software program to create an artwork that is
totally virtual. The canvas, brushes, paints, and other tool are all virtual, existing only within the
computer. And the finished work is also stored in virtual format, to be shared through cyber space.

Ctrl+Paint is an example of an online resource for teaching yourself digital painting for free, via simple
videos and mini tutorials.

VIDEO TECHNOLOGY / IMAGING VIDEOS

Social media purposes - Another tremendously powerful and innovative field that digital technology has
revolutionized is that creating and presenting videos. The explosion of social media in recent decades
has provided a new platform for video materials targeting the “netizens” of today. Not only are there
online advertisements that continuously bombard the users’ computer screens and mobile phone
displays. But there are also millions of personally produced videos that are constantly uploaded to
online platforms like Youtube- from music, dance, and stage performances to tutorials of all kinds to
recipes to documentaries to news clips to marriage proposals.

Again, the digital technology to capture and edit videos is contained right in your tablets and android
phones. And just as with the still images discussed above, the raw video clips can be enhanced ad
modified with a myriad of effects depending on the particular video application you have installed in
your device.

Medical scientific purposes- Another extremely valuable use of today’s video technology is that of
imaging videos in the fields of medicine and science. You may be familiar with Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (MRI), Computerized Tomography (CT scans), and the like which are used to create and record
visual images of a patients internal anatomy in order to diagnose and treat diseases and injuries. There
are also ultrasound tests or sonograms, which translate sound waves bouncing off physical objects into
images that can be studied- whether a baby developing in the womb (in 2D, 3D, and 4D options),
growths or malformation inside the body, structural flaws in buildings, as well as objects in outer space,
underground, and deep in the ocean.

WHAT TO KNOW

1. How was computer technology contributed to the development of video games?

2. Name some of the most popular types of video games today?
3. On what kinds of devices can such games be played?
4. Can a young person like you create your own video games? If yes, how?
5. What is digital painting?
6. Briefly describe the two different types of digital painting presented.
7. Briefly explain today’s video technology/
8. How do you use video technology personally? For school purposes?
9. How is it used in modern life?
10. What valuable purposes do “imaging videos” serve in the fields of medicine and science?
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO

MODULE
ARTS 10

THIRD QUARTER

INTRODUCTION

The previous quarter provided an overview of the phenomenal capabilities and possibilities of the
electronic or digital media available in today’s technology-driven world. These have enabled amazingly
innovative art forms to evolve far beyond traditional painting, sculpture, and architecture. As quickly as
technology is able to develop new devices, gadgets, and techniques, modern artists and designers adopt
them to enhance them to enable their creative expression.

TOPIC: DIGITAL MEDIA

All the artistic skills and techniques that go into producing books like those just presented, of course
have their counterpart in the ever-growing world of digital media. This means that books that were
originally available only in print are being gradually converted to digital format, while new books are
now conceptualized, written, designed, and illustrated precisely for these online media.

This also means that the manner by which today’s readers can find, access, and enjoy these electronic
books (or e-books) is via digital media tablets, ebook readers, and other handheld reading devices. One
such device that is available locally is the ebook reader called Kobo, which features international as well
as Philippine titles.

Likewise gaining in popularity are social media-based publishing sites, like Wattpad, that serve as
communities for millions of budding writers to share their original stories online. This phenomenon,
along with the rise of electronic distribution platforms, such as Flipreads, which provide access to the
works of Filipino authors and publishers, is also opening up exciting new opportunities for young artists
to do the digital design and illustration for all these upcoming titles.

WHAT TO KNOW

1. In the book publishing industry in the Philippines, how has the profession of the book design
evolved?
2. What trends or styles do you notice in the examples of book design presented?
3. What is the digital counterpart of media now available to authors and publishers?
4. Describe how this affects the publishing and printing industry?

WHAT TO PROCESS
Book Illustration Group Project: “Creating a Story Book”

1. The group members will decide upon a subject matter and characters for a simple 10 page
storybook that they will create.
2. The member will volunteer to take on different aspects of producing the book:
a. Conceptualizing and writing the storyline
b. Encoding the text of the story into a word processing or book layout program
c. Rendering the artwork for the book cover using an illustration software
d. Rendering the illustration using an illustration software, and incorporating these into the
book layout
e. Printing the finished cover and inside pages of the book
f. Binding the cover and inside pages into book form

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO

MODULE
PHYSICAL EDUCATION 10

FIRST QUARTER

INTRODUCTION

What activities make up your day? Do you spend time being active? Which type of food do you usually
eat? Do you eat just anything you want?

People of all ages and health conditions should learn to prioritize their health through proper
management of lifestyle and weight. You can participate in physical activities and modify your eating
habits. As a member of society, you should give importance to your health. The value you give to your
health is of significance not only to you but to society as well. Remember, a healthy individual is a
productive individual.

TOPIC: ACTIVE RECREATION

OBJECTIVE: To discuss your daily activities that contribute to your health

ACTIVITY: ME and MY DAY

This activity will assess your physical activity engagement using a survey.

WHAT TO PROCESS

1. Form circles with eight to ten members each.

2. Using the survey, put a check mark (√) on the activities you do and the estimated number of
hours you do them.

SENTENCE COMPLETION

When I am not in school, I…

___ watch TV for about ___ hours
___ use the computer/tablet/cellphone for about___ hours
___ play sports such as ___ for about___ minutes or ___ hours
___ jog or walk or dance for about ___minutes or ___ hours
___sleep about ___ hours even after my regular wake up time
___ usually go out to the park and spend about ___ hours there
___ do household chores for about ___ minutes or ___ hours
___ do something else like _____________________ for about ___ minutes or ___hours.
 3. Discuss these question with the group.
a. What activities were commonly marked?
b. How many minutes or hours were usually spent on these activities?
c. Which among the activities do most of the group spend time on?
4. Share your answers to these questions with the class.
a. How do you feel about the activity?
b. What did you realize?

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO

MODULE
PHYSICAL EDUCATION 10

SECOND QUARTER

INTRODUCTION

Fitness is a universal concern. In whatever activities and undertakings you do, your fitness should always
be taken into account if you are to perform them effectively and efficiently. Fitness is not only for
athletes, sportsmen, PE teacher and fitness instructors but also a concern for students, parents and
other members of the community. If we are to become strong and productive members of a community,
we must address the very basic requirements of such goal, the sustaining base of any endeavor we
undertake, fitness.

TOPIC: ACTIVE RECREATION

OBJECTIVES

1. To stretch and condition the muscles to be used for the strength training workout

ACTIVITY: LET’S STRETCH AND BE FLEXIBLE

Perform all of the recommended flexibility exercises in this lesson.

1. Neck Stretch
Action: Slowly and gently tilt the head laterally. You may increase the degree of the stretch by
gently pulling with one head. You may also turn the head about 30 degrees to one side and
stretch the neck by raising your head towards the ceiling. Do not extend your head backward,
instead look straight forward.
2. Arms Circles
Action : gently circles your arms all the way around. Conduct the exercise in both direction.
3. Side Stretch
Action: Stand upright, feet separated to shoulder-width, and hands on your waist. Bend the
upper body to the right , with the left arms extends over the head, towards the right. Hold the
final stretch for a few seconds. Repeat on the other side.
4. Body Rotation
Action: Place your arms slightly away from the body and rotate the trunk as far as possible,
holding the final position for several seconds. Conduct the exercise for both the right and left
sides of the body.
5. Chest Stretch
Action: Stand opposite to your partner about an arms length apart, facing each other. Place your
hands on your partners shoulders. Let your partner do the same. Bend down together at the
waist without losing hold of each other shoulder untill your upper body is parallel to the floor.
Hold the final position for a few seconds.
6. Shoulder Hyperextension Stretch
Action: have a partner grasp your arms behind by the wrist and slowly push them upward. Hold
the final position for a few seconds.
 7. Quad Stretch
Action: Lie on your side and move one foot back by flexing the knee. Grasp the front of the
lower leg and pull the ankle toward the gluteal region, Hold for several seconds. Repeat with the
other leg.
8. Heel Cord Stretch
Action: Stand against the wall or at the edge of a step and stretch the heel downward,
alternating legs. Hold the stretch position for a few seconds.

Reflective Questions:
1. Are these exercises beneficial to your fitness improvement? Will you use them as part of
your regular exercise or physical activity plan? Why?
2. Do you think you can improve your level of flexibility? What should you do in order to
increase your level of flexibility.

Exercises:

Encircle the letter that best corresponds to your answer in a given statement.

1. How can one maintain an ideal body weight?

a. Follow the latest diet fads
b. Balance the amount of food you eat with regular physical activity
c. Consult a doctor about an effective diet pill that you can take
d. Believe in the power of your genes
2. A desirable level of fitness can be achieved through at least how many workouts per week?
a. 3
b. 4
c. 5
d. 6
3. Which of the following is an example of a passive warm-up exercise?
a. Toe touch
b. Whirlpool bath
c. Walk around the gym
d. Basketball lay-ups
4. Which of the following is not a health-related physical fitness test?
a. Sit and reach
b. 50-meter run
c. Sit-up
d. Push-up
5. Your body composition is influenced by which of the following?
a. Genetics
b. Age
c. Gender
d. All of the above
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO

MODULE
PHYSICAL EDUCATION 10

THIRD QUARTER

INTRODUCTION

Recreation is a therapeutic refreshment or relaxation of one’s body and mind. Activities don for this
purpose are called recreational activities. Its main objective is to revitalize the physical, mental, social,
and emotional aspects of a person.

TOPIC: STREET AND HIPHOP DANCE STYLES

OBJECTIVE

1. Describe Hip Hop dance and their dance styles

Street and HipHop Dance Styles

B-Boying

B-Boying or breaking, also called breakdancing, is a style of street dance and the first hiphop dance style
that originated among Black and Puerto Rican youths in New York City during the early 1970s. a
practitioner of this dance is called a b-boy, b-girl, or breaker. Although the term breakdance is
frequently used to refer to the dance, b-boying and breaking are the original terms.

Four Movements

Toprock Footwork –oriented steps performed while standing up

Downrock Footwork performed with both hands and feet on the floor
Freezes Stylish poses done on your hands
Power moves Comprise full body spins and rotation that give the illusion of defying gravity

Popping forces parts of your body outwards, similar to an explosion within parts of your body. Popping
also contracts muscles, but it is followed by relaxation that gives the jerking appearance of popping.

Locking it is usually perform by stopping the fast movements that you are doing, locking your body into
a position, holding it, and then continuing at the same speed as before.

Krumping is a dance style to release anger. Originated in the African-American community in South
Central Los Angeles, California.

Tutting is a creative way of making geometric shapes forming right angle using your body parts.
Shuffling the basic movements of the dance are a fast heel-and-toe action with a style suitable for
various types of electronic music. People who dance the shuffle are often referred to as rockers, due in
part to the popularity of shuffling to rock music in early 1990s.

Waacking is an African American form of street dance originating from the 1970s disco era of the
underground club scenes in Los Angeles and New York City. Today, waacking is a popular element of
hiphop dance.

CHECK UP

Answer on your quiz notebook.

1. What dance styles, formally known as vernacular dances, refer to dances that evolved outside
the dance studio?
2. What form of street dance is perform impromptu in large crowds?
3. what dance is primarily performed to hip hop music and have evolved as part of hip hop
culture?
4. What hiphop styles is based on the technique of quikckly contracting and relaxing muscles to
cause a jerk in a dancer’s body?
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO

MODULE
HEALTH 10

FIRST QUARTER

INTRODUCTION

All of us are consumer. We acquire health information , purchase health products, and avail of health
services to appraise, improve, and maintain our health. Health information is any idea that we hear from
people around us, read from books and other printed materials, or from the media that influence our
health. Let us find out how we can be educated in consumer health.

TOPIC: HEALTH SERVICES

OBJECTIVE

1. Differentiate reliable from unreliable information, products, and services

Health Services are often connected to healthcare. Health Services are usually offered by healthcare
providers. A Healthcare Provider is a trained professional who provides people with healthcare.

1. Health Professional individuals who are licensed to practice medicine and other allied health
programs. An example of a health provider is a physicians.

2. Healthcare Facilities are places or institutions that offer healthcare services.

a. Hospitals is an institution where people undergo medical diagnosis, care and treatment.
b. Walk –In Surgery Center is a facility that offers surgery without the patient being admitted
in the hospital.
c. Health Center the services in a health center cater to a specific population with various
health needs.
d. Extended Healthcare Facility a facility that provides treatment, nursing care, and
residential services to patients, often the elderly.

3. Health Insurance is a financial agreement between an insurance company and an individual or

group for a payment of healthcare cost.

Naturopathy
“Naturophatic medicine views diseases as a manifestation of an alteration in the process by which the
body naturally heals itself.

Herbal Medicine there are 10 herbs that proven and tested to have medicinal value and approved by
the Department of Health.

Examples of Alternative Medicine

1. Accupuncture. It is a form of energy medicine where long thin needles are inserted to specific
parts of the body to affect the energy flow. Acupuncture is believed to treats musculoskeletal
dysfunctions.
2. Ventosa Cupping Massage Theraphy. This procedure is done by placing inverted glasses that
have flames from burning cotton, on specific points in the body. It is believed to relieve muscles
and joint pains.
3. Reflexology. Similar to acupuncture, reflexology focuses on treating specific disorder through
massaging on the soles of the feet.
4. Acupressure. Uses the same techniques as that of acupuncture. The only difference is that the
acupressure does not use needles but hand to apply pressure on certain points of the body.
5. Nutrition Theraphy. Nutrition theraphy approache treatment of a medical condition by
providing and tailored diet for a patient.

ACTIVITY: GARDEN OF HERBS

What are the herbs approved by the Department of Health?

Unscramble the letters to form each herbs in column A.

Read column B foe the medicinal value of each herb.

A B
Herb Medicinal Value
1. PLAUKAOC For ringworm and other skin infection
2. PAMALAYA For non-insulin dependent diabetic patients
3. WAGNAB For blood pressure control
4. SAYABAB For use of antiseptic to disinfect wounds
For mouthwash or tooth decay and gum infection
5. GUDNALI For cough and asthma
6. YINOG-AINYOGN For intestinal worms, particularly ascaris and
trichina
7. BASMNGO For urinary stone
8. ASATNG BATUG For mouthwash
9. NIPAST- NAPISANT For arthritis and gout
10. BERYA-NUBEA For relief from body aches and pains
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO

MODULE
HEALTH 10

SECOND QUARTER

REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

Another pressing health issue that concerns you as an adolescent is reproductive health. Reproductive
Health is defined as a state of physical, mental and social well being in all matters relating to the
reproductive system, at all stages of life.

To aid the reproductive health needs of the citizens, the government mandated the RA 10354 or most
commonly known as the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act.

PILLARS OF FOUNDATION

The Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act builds its foundation on four pillars.

1. INFORMED CHOICE. As stated in the Act, effective and quality reproductive healthcare
services, which are ethically and medically safe, legal, accessible, and affordable, shall be given
primacy to ensure the health of the mother and child. Also, the government shall promote and
provide unbiased information and access to these services. This pillar also covers the provision
for the integration of reproductive health and sexuality education in schools, and other
educational settings
2. RESPECT FOR LIFE. The Act recognizes that abortion is illegal and punishable by law. However,
mothers will be identified to have aborted an unborn child will be served with post-abortive
treatment and counseling in a humane, nonjudgemental and compassionate manner.
3. BIRTH CONTROL. Reproductive healthcare, information , and supplies shall be made available
most specially to poor beneficiaries. However, the Act provisions also that the government must
respect the citizen’s individual preferences and choices of family planning method.
4. RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD. Couples determine their ideal family size. In addition, the
government shall equip each parent with needed information in all aspects of family life,
reproductive health, and this pillar.

TRUE or FALSE

_____1. A person with HIV/AIDS is allowed to donate blood, tissues or organs.

_____2. HIV testing is not compulsory and required.

_____3. Pre- and post-test counselling sessions are given to those who undergo HIV testing in
accredited centers.

_____4. People with HIV/AIDS are not allowed to avail services provided by public hospitals because
infection might spread.

_____5. AIDSWATCH monitors the incidences of HIV infection in the country and writes reports
about it.

_____6. A person with HIV/AIDS is treated with utmost confidentially by medical personnel.

_____7. A patients case is still confidential even if there is an interference by a court.

_____8. The AIDS Prevention and control Act of 1998 promotes discrimination against people with
HIV/AIDS.

_____9. The Philippine National AIDS Council manages the HIV testing in various accredited centers.

____10. A person with HIV/AIDS is not allowed to travel abroad.

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
DIVISION OF ORIENTAL MINDORO

MODULE
HEALTH 10

THIRD QUARTER

INTRODUCTION

For its Central role in global affairs, health issues are among the priority concerns of the United Nation.It
thus designated the World Health Organization to serve as a lead agency tasked to direct and coordinate
with all member nations regarding leadership, supervision, technical support and education on matters
about health, which affects many countries- including Philippines.

This module aims to help you learn about different global health issues and initiatives made to help
address these problems.

OBJECTIVE

1. Discusses the significance of global health initiatives

TOPIC: GLOBAL HEALTH & MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS

Global Health and the Millennium Development Goals

The term global health rose in the popularity along with the rise of globalization. Both terms improved
public awareness of vulnerabilities and shared responsibilities among people for the different injustices
in the world.

EIGHT MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS

1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

2. Achieve Universal Primary Education
3. Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women
4. Reduce Child Mortality
5. Improve Maternal Health
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Other Diseases
7. Ensure Environmental Sustainability
8. Global Partnership for Development

ACTIVITY: WHAT IF….?

Predict the global effects if the eight Millennium Development Goals were achieved or not achieved.

Goal No. MDG What if this goal is What if this goal is not
achieved? achieved?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.